CN210070846U - Calibration device for extensometer and extensometer - Google Patents
Calibration device for extensometer and extensometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN210070846U CN210070846U CN201920638449.9U CN201920638449U CN210070846U CN 210070846 U CN210070846 U CN 210070846U CN 201920638449 U CN201920638449 U CN 201920638449U CN 210070846 U CN210070846 U CN 210070846U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a calibration device and expansion instrument for expansion instrument, wherein, a calibration device for expansion instrument includes at least a pair of magnet (1), exciting coil (2), magnetostrictive rod (3), guide arm (4), fixing base (5), measurement baseline (8), magnet (1) relative placement, magnetostrictive rod (3) adopt super magnetostrictive material, and magnetostrictive rod (3) are established between magnet (1), and exciting coil (2) encircle outside magnetostrictive rod (3), and magnetostrictive rod (3) are passed to guide arm (4) one end, and the guide arm (4) other end is connected with fixing base (5), measures baseline (8) fixed connection on fixing base (5). When the calibration work is needed, the exciting coil is started to change the magnetic field, so that the magnetostrictive rod is extended or shortened, the guide rod and the fixed seat are driven to slide, and the micro displacement is generated on the extensometer to realize the calibration work.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a micrometric displacement field, in particular to a calibration device and a flexible appearance for flexible appearance.
Background
The extensometer is an instrument for precisely measuring the relative change of the horizontal distance between two points of the crustal rock mass, is suitable for observing the continuous change of the crustal strain and the horizontal component of a solid tide, provides data for researching the change rule of the horizontal strain in the earthquake inoculation process, and also provides important data for the research of the elasticity of the earth. In order to determine the measurement division value of the extensometer, a special calibration device is generally required, and the main function of the calibration device is to accurately convert an input signal into a certain displacement signal so as to simulate the micro-displacement in the actual measurement process. In order to design a better extensometer, a calibration device with accurate precision is correspondingly required.
The existing extensometer calibration device mainly has two types. One calibration device is to utilize a 50:1 wedge block to convert the transverse displacement into the longitudinal displacement so as to calibrate, but the size of the wedge block in the calibration device is limited by space, the size cannot be made too large, and the measurement range of the micro displacement is relatively narrow; the other calibration device utilizes constant force to act on the elastic body, the elastic body has the same deformation in the elastic range every time, and the generated micro displacement is the same, so that the calibration work is carried out. The two calibration devices can not calibrate the broadband extensometer, and have great limitation on the frequency of the extensometer.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of above-mentioned problem, it is necessary to provide a calibration device for extensometer, improves calibration device's demarcation scope to widen the frequency bandwidth of extensometer, promote the precision of extensometer, the utility model provides a technical scheme as follows:
a calibration device for a telescopic instrument comprises at least one pair of magnets, an excitation coil, a magnetostrictive rod, a guide rod, a fixed seat and a measuring base line, wherein the magnets are oppositely arranged, the magnetostrictive rod is made of a giant magnetostrictive material, the magnetostrictive rod is arranged between the magnets, the excitation coil surrounds the outside of the magnetostrictive rod, one end of the guide rod penetrates through the magnetostrictive rod, the other end of the guide rod is connected with the fixed seat, and the measuring base line is fixedly connected to the fixed seat.
Furthermore, the calibration device further comprises at least one slide way, the slide way is arranged in parallel with the guide rod, and the fixing seat slides along the slide way.
Further, the slide has two, and both relative settings, be equipped with on the fixing base with the recess or the leg of slide the same quantity.
Furthermore, the calibration device further comprises a prepressing piece and a shell, wherein one end of the prepressing piece is connected with the fixing seat, and the other end of the prepressing piece is connected with the shell.
Further, the prepressing piece is an ejector rod or a spring.
Further, the calibration device further comprises a control system, wherein the control system comprises an excitation switch and a control device, and the excitation switch is used for inputting excitation current to the excitation coil.
Further, the magnet is a permanent magnet or soft magnet, and preferably a permanent magnet.
Furthermore, the magnetostrictive rod is made of Tb-Dy-Fe alloy.
Correspondingly, the utility model also provides a contain above-mentioned calibration device's expansion instrument, this expansion instrument still includes preamplifier, capacitive sensor stator, capacitive sensor rotor, baseline, fixing base, and the sensor rotor is fixed on calibration device.
Based on the technical scheme, the utility model discloses beneficial effect than prior art does:
when the calibration work is needed, the exciting coil is started to change the magnetic field, so that the magnetostrictive rod is extended or shortened, the guide rod and the fixed seat are driven to slide, and the micro displacement is generated on the extensometer to realize the calibration work. The utility model discloses based on the performance of giant magnetostrictive material, adopt the electromagnetic drive structure, designed a calibration device to wide band expansion instrument, this kind of material can be accurate in the very short time, form steadily with magnetic field quiet, dynamic characteristic assorted no hysteresis type response, its response is stable, no hysteresis and creep phenomenon have the magnetostrictive coefficient big, repeated displacement precision is high, the operating band is wide, compressive capacity and bearing capacity are big, the rigidity is good, advantages such as simple structure compactness. The material has large magnetostriction coefficient, short response time and wide working frequency band, so that the calibration range of the calibration device is larger, the observation range of the extensometer is widened, and the problem that the broadband extensometer cannot be calibrated in the prior art is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a telescope according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the calibration apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a extensometer comprises a main body including a preamplifier 101, a capacitance sensor stator 102, a capacitance sensor rotor 104, a calibration device 103, a base line 105, and a fixing base 106, wherein the calibration device 103 is fixed on the base line 105. The capacitance sensor rotor 103 is fixed on the base line 105, the distance variation delta d of the capacitance sensor rotor 103 from the fixed seat 106 is in direct proportion to the output voltage variation delta U of the sensor, and the variation of the displacement of the capacitance sensor rotor 103 can be obtained according to the variation of the output voltage, so that the calibration purpose is realized.
The preamplifier, the capacitance sensor, the base line and the like of the extensometer can adopt some existing equipment, and the description focuses on a calibration device.
As shown in fig. 2, a calibration device for a telescopic instrument includes at least one pair of magnets 1, an excitation coil 2, a magnetostrictive rod 3, a guide rod 4, a fixing seat 5, and a measurement base line 8, where the magnets 1 are oppositely disposed, the magnetostrictive rod 3 is made of a giant magnetostrictive material, the magnetostrictive rod 3 is disposed between the magnets 1, the excitation coil 2 surrounds the magnetostrictive rod 3, one end of the guide rod 4 penetrates through the magnetostrictive rod 3, the other end of the guide rod 4 is connected with the fixing seat 5, and the measurement base line 8 is fixedly connected to the fixing seat 5.
The working principle is as follows: the magnet 1 is used to provide a bias field to operate the magnetostrictive rod 3 in a suitable linear range. When the calibration work is needed, the exciting coil 2 is started to change the magnetic field, so that the magnetostrictive rod 3 extends or shortens to drive the guide rod 4 and the fixed seat 5 to slide. The fixing base 5 is used for fixing a measuring base line 8 of the telescopic instrument, and when the fixing base 5 generates displacement, micro displacement can be generated on the telescopic instrument to perform calibration work.
Magnetostriction refers to ferromagnetic materials, commonly referred to as ferromagnetic magnetostrictive materials, that when an object is magnetized in a magnetic field, it elongates or contracts in the direction of magnetization, and changes its size significantly when the current through the coil changes or changes its distance from the magnet. The material is called a giant magnetostrictive material because the dimensional change is much larger than that of the current magnetostrictive material such as ferrite and the energy generated is also large. The giant magnetostrictive material has the following characteristics:
(1) the magnetostriction coefficient is very large, is dozens of times of that of materials such as Fe, Ni and the like, and is 3-5 times of that of piezoelectric ceramics.
(2) The energy conversion efficiency of the giant magnetostrictive material is 49-56%, and the energy conversion efficiency of the traditional magnetostrictive material is only about 9%.
(3) The Curie temperature is over 300 and far higher than that of piezoelectric ceramics, so that the performance can be kept stable when the piezoelectric ceramics work at higher temperature.
(4) The energy density is large and is 400-800 times of that of Ni and 12-38 times of that of piezoelectric ceramics, and the characteristic is suitable for manufacturing high-power devices.
(5) The response time for generating the magnetostriction effect is short, so that the effects of magnetization and stress generation almost simultaneously occur, and the ultrahigh-sensitivity electromagnetic induction device can be manufactured by utilizing the characteristic.
(6) The compression strength and the bearing capacity are high, and the device can work in a strong pressure environment.
(7) The working frequency band is wide, and the device is not only suitable for low frequencies below hundreds of Hz, but also suitable for ultrahigh frequencies.
The utility model discloses magnetostriction coefficient is big based on the magnetostriction material, response time is short, the wide characteristics of operating band, adopts the electromagnetism transmission structure, has designed a calibration device to wide band stretching appearance, has solved among the prior art can't carry out the problem of maring to wide band stretching appearance.
In some optional embodiments, the calibration device further includes at least one slide 6, the slide 6 is disposed parallel to the guide rod 4, and the fixing seat 5 can slide along the slide 6. Therefore, the fixing seat 5 can only move along the direction of the slideway 6, and the stability of the calibration device is improved.
In some alternative embodiments, there are two opposite slideways 6, and the fixing base 5 has the same number of grooves or legs as the slideways 6 (other structures capable of sliding the fixing base on the slideways are also possible, not limited to grooves or legs). Therefore, the moving stability of the fixed seat 5 can be improved, the repeated displacement precision of the measuring base line 8 is improved, and the stability and the repeatability of the calibration device are further improved.
In some optional embodiments, the calibration device further includes a pre-pressing member 7 and a housing 9, where one end of the pre-pressing member 7 is connected to the fixing base 5, and the other end is connected to the housing 9. Because the compressive strength of the giant magnetostrictive material is far greater than the tensile strength of the giant magnetostrictive material, the magnetostrictive rod 3 works under certain pressure by adopting the prepressing piece 7, the length change range of the magnetostrictive rod 3 is larger, and the calibration range of the calibration device is wider.
In some alternative embodiments, the pre-compression element 7 is a ram or a spring (in this embodiment a spring). When the ejector rod is used as the pre-pressing piece 7, manual pressure is required to be applied to prop against the fixed seat 5; when a spring is used as the prepressing piece 7, the elastic force generated by the deformation of the spring is applied to the fixed seat 5 as prepressing force, and automatic calibration can be realized without manual operation, so that the spring is preferred.
In some optional embodiments, the calibration apparatus further comprises a control system (not shown), the control system comprising an excitation switch and a control device, the excitation switch being configured to input an excitation current to the excitation coil. After the exciting switch inputs exciting current to the exciting coil, the exciting coil changes the magnetic field, so that the giant magnetostrictive rod extends or shortens, thereby realizing the calibration work.
In some alternative embodiments, the magnet 1 is a permanent magnet or soft magnet, preferably a permanent magnet. The permanent magnet is provided with strong magnetism, so that the spin of the magnetic substance and the angular momentum of electrons are arranged in a fixed direction, and the soft magnet is provided with electricity. Both magnets provide the magnetic field required by the calibration device, but the permanent magnet can retain its own magnetic properties for a long time, while the soft magnet loses its magnetic properties slowly after the current is removed, so the permanent magnet is preferably used.
In some alternative embodiments, the magnetostrictive rod 3 is made of terbium dysprosium iron alloy. As a novel rare earth magnetostrictive material, the Tb-Dy-Fe alloy has a strain quantity tens of times larger than that of the traditional giant magnetostrictive material (such as Ni-based alloy), and a calibration device using the material has a wider calibration range, so that the observation frequency band of a telescopic instrument is better widened.
The utility model discloses based on characteristics such as giant magnetostrictive material response speed is fast, the response is stable, the magnetostrictive coefficient is big, repeated displacement precision is high, operating frequency bandwidth, developed a calibration equipment for wide band expansion instrument, the calibration scope is wideer to widen the observation frequency band of expansion instrument. Moreover, the calibration device has a compact structure, can be placed in a telescopic instrument for use, saves the use space and is also more convenient to carry. The utility model discloses simple structure, it is convenient to realize.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A calibration device for a telescopic instrument is characterized by comprising at least one pair of magnets, an excitation coil, a magnetostrictive rod, a guide rod, a fixed seat and a measuring base line, wherein the magnets are oppositely arranged, the magnetostrictive rod is made of a giant magnetostrictive material, the magnetostrictive rod is arranged between the magnets, the excitation coil surrounds the magnetostrictive rod, one end of the guide rod penetrates through the magnetostrictive rod, the other end of the guide rod is connected with the fixed seat, and the measuring base line is fixedly connected to the fixed seat.
2. The calibration device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising at least one slide, wherein the slide is parallel to the guide rod, and the fixing base slides along the slide.
3. The calibrating device according to claim 2, wherein there are two slide ways, the two slide ways are arranged oppositely, and the fixing base is provided with grooves or legs with the same number as the slide ways.
4. The calibrating device according to claim 1, further comprising a pre-pressing member and a housing, wherein one end of the pre-pressing member is connected to the fixing base, and the other end of the pre-pressing member is connected to the housing.
5. The calibration device as recited in claim 4, wherein the pre-compression element is a ram or a spring.
6. The calibration apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a control system, wherein the control system includes an excitation switch and a control device, and the excitation switch is configured to input an excitation current to the excitation coil.
7. The calibration device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the magnet is a permanent magnet or a soft magnet.
8. The calibrating device according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the magnetostrictive rod is made of terbium dysprosium iron alloy.
9. A telescopic instrument, comprising a telescopic instrument body and characterized by further comprising the calibration device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which is positioned inside the telescopic instrument body.
10. The extensometer of claim 9 wherein the extensometer body includes a preamplifier, a capacitive sensor stator, a capacitive sensor rotor, a baseline, and a mounting base, and the calibration device is mounted on the baseline.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920638449.9U CN210070846U (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2019-05-06 | Calibration device for extensometer and extensometer |
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| CN201920638449.9U CN210070846U (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2019-05-06 | Calibration device for extensometer and extensometer |
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| CN210070846U true CN210070846U (en) | 2020-02-14 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113108682A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-13 | 吉林大学 | Piezoelectric actuator displacement measuring system and method combining magnetic field |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113108682A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-13 | 吉林大学 | Piezoelectric actuator displacement measuring system and method combining magnetic field |
| CN113108682B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-01-28 | 吉林大学 | Piezoelectric actuator displacement measuring system and method combining magnetic field |
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