CN210050954U - An indoor air quality control system based on personnel location detection - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种基于人员定位检测的室内空气质量调控系统，包括数据采集系统、计算机系统和室内环境调控系统；数据采集系统包括人员计数器，红外阵列传感器和空气质量传感器模块；人员计数器用于统计室内总人数并传递给计算机系统；每个红外阵列传感器用于对人体进行感应并将数据传递给计算机系统；每个空气质量传感器模块用于对污染物浓度进行监测并将数据传递给计算机系统；室内环境调控系统包括室内整体主通风净化系统和各不同局部区域空间的通风净化系统。本实用新型的调控系统能更合理的控制室内环境污染物浓度和运行能耗，可以提升整个空气质量运营水平，减少人体健康风险和工作效率损失，促进建筑节能。
The utility model discloses an indoor air quality control system based on personnel positioning detection, comprising a data acquisition system, a computer system and an indoor environment control system; the data acquisition system comprises a personnel counter, an infrared array sensor and an air quality sensor module; It is used to count the total number of people in the room and transmit it to the computer system; each infrared array sensor is used to sense the human body and transmit the data to the computer system; each air quality sensor module is used to monitor the concentration of pollutants and transmit the data to the computer The indoor environment control system includes the overall main indoor ventilation and purification system and the ventilation and purification systems for different local areas. The control system of the utility model can more reasonably control the indoor environmental pollutant concentration and operation energy consumption, can improve the whole air quality operation level, reduce human health risks and work efficiency losses, and promote building energy conservation.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型设计空气质量监测技术领域，具体为一种基于人员定位检测的室内空气质量调控系统。The utility model is designed in the technical field of air quality monitoring, in particular to an indoor air quality control system based on personnel positioning detection.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国经济发展，人民生活水平显著提高，人们对室内环境舒适性的需求不断增长。对空调的过度依赖也产生了越来越多“空调病”的抱怨，而世界卫生组织将一系列人们对建筑物室内不明原因的不适症状抱怨症状定义为病态建筑综合征(sick buildingsyndrome, SBS)。近年来，我国空气污染相关疾病死亡率快速增长，中共中央、国务院版本《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》，旨在建设健康环境。With my country's economic development, people's living standards have improved significantly, and people's demand for indoor comfort is increasing. Over-reliance on air conditioning has also led to a growing number of complaints of "air conditioning sickness", which the World Health Organization defines as sick buildings syndrome (SBS), a set of complaints about unexplained symptoms of discomfort in buildings. . In recent years, the mortality rate of air pollution-related diseases in my country has been increasing rapidly.
室内环境质量对人类的身体健康和工作效率有着重要影响，提供健康、舒适的室内环境是现代住宅建设的根本宗旨。近年来，随着建筑装饰装修材料的广泛应用，各种材料释放出大量的甲醛、苯等有害物质，严重污染了室内空气环境。再加上当前各大城市居高不下的空气PM2.5浓度，都对室内空气造成了严重的污染。近年来，随着人们环境保护意识和生活水平的不断提高，室内空气质量的研究已成为当前环境科学与工程领域的一个热点。污染源控制、通风稀释和室内空气净化是控制室内空气污染的3种途径。The quality of the indoor environment has an important impact on human health and work efficiency. Providing a healthy and comfortable indoor environment is the fundamental purpose of modern residential construction. In recent years, with the wide application of building decoration materials, various materials release a large amount of harmful substances such as formaldehyde and benzene, which seriously pollute the indoor air environment. Coupled with the current high air PM2.5 concentration in major cities, it has caused serious pollution to indoor air. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of people's awareness of environmental protection and living standards, the research on indoor air quality has become a hot spot in the field of environmental science and engineering. Pollution source control, ventilation dilution and indoor air purification are three ways to control indoor air pollution.
目前使用最广泛的是采用室内空气净化系统对室内环境质量进行控制，这种控制方法是对室内整体空间的空气质量进行统一净化，但是在实际使用过程中，室内人员的分布往往具有随机性、分散性和集中性，这样就使得人员集中的区域空气质量净化不到位，污染物浓度超标，而为了使得人员集中区域的空气质量有所改善，则不得不提高室内整体通风净化系统的功率，这样不仅造成能源的浪费，还给室内人员的健康带来风险。因此如何提供一种能对室内人员的分布情况进行检测，并对检测到的人员集中的局部区域空间进行重点净化成为亟需解决的问题。At present, the most widely used is the use of indoor air purification system to control the indoor environmental quality. This control method is to uniformly purify the air quality of the overall indoor space. However, in the actual use process, the distribution of indoor personnel is often random, Dispersion and concentration, so that the air quality purification in the area where people are concentrated is not in place, and the concentration of pollutants exceeds the standard. In order to improve the air quality in the area where people are concentrated, the power of the overall indoor ventilation and purification system has to be increased. It not only causes waste of energy, but also brings risks to the health of indoor personnel. Therefore, how to provide a method that can detect the distribution of indoor personnel and purify the local area where the detected personnel are concentrated has become an urgent problem to be solved.
实用新型内容Utility model content
针对上述现有技术的不足，本实用新型解决的技术问题是：如何提供一种能够用于对室内人员的分布情况进行检测，并能够用于对人员集中的局部区域空间进行区别化净化控制的基于人员定位检测的室内空气质量调控系统。In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem solved by the present invention is: how to provide a device that can be used to detect the distribution of indoor personnel, and can be used to perform differentiated purification control of the local area where personnel are concentrated. Indoor air quality control system based on personnel location detection.
为了解决上述技术问题，本实用新型采用了如下的技术方案：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
一种基于人员定位检测的室内空气质量调控系统，包括数据采集系统、与数据采集系统进行数据传输连接的计算机系统和与计算机系统进行数据传输连接的室内环境调控系统；An indoor air quality control system based on personnel positioning detection, comprising a data acquisition system, a computer system connected with the data acquisition system for data transmission, and an indoor environment control system connected with the computer system for data transmission;
所述数据采集系统包括设置在出入口位置处的人员计数器，以及分布在室内不同局部区域空间的多个红外阵列传感器和多个空气质量传感器模块；The data acquisition system includes a people counter arranged at the entrance and exit, and a plurality of infrared array sensors and a plurality of air quality sensor modules distributed in different local areas of the room;
所述人员计数器用于监测出入口位置处的进出人员以统计室内总人数，并将统计的室内总人数传递给所述计算机系统；The people counter is used to monitor the people entering and leaving the entrance and exit to count the total number of people in the room, and transmit the total number of people in the room to the computer system;
每个所述红外阵列传感器用于对其所在的室内局部区域空间进行人体感应，并将感应数据传递给所述计算机系统；Each of the infrared array sensors is used to sense the human body in the indoor local area where it is located, and transmit the sensed data to the computer system;
每个所述空气质量传感器模块用于对所在的室内局部区域空间的污染物浓度进行监测，并将监测到的污染物浓度数据传递给所述计算机系统；Each of the air quality sensor modules is used to monitor the concentration of pollutants in the indoor local area space where it is located, and transmit the monitored pollutant concentration data to the computer system;
室内环境调控系统包括室内整体主通风净化系统和分布在各不同局部区域空间的通风净化系统；The indoor environment control system includes the overall main indoor ventilation and purification system and the ventilation and purification systems distributed in different local areas;
所述室内整体主通风净化系统在室内不同局部区域空间均设有送风口和排风口。The indoor overall main ventilation and purification system is provided with air supply ports and air exhaust ports in different local area spaces in the room.
本实用新型的工作原理在于：利用人员计数器对室内总人数进行统计，并将统计的数据实时传输给计算机系统；计算机系统根据接收到的室内总人数的数据开启室内整体主通风净化系统，从而使得室内整体有一个较好的空气质量。The working principle of the utility model is as follows: the total number of people in the room is counted by the people counter, and the statistical data is transmitted to the computer system in real time; The indoor overall has a good air quality.
另外，使用分布在不同局部区域空间的红外阵列传感器对室内不同局部区域空间的人体进行感应，对红外阵列传感器未感应到人体的局部区域空间不开启该局部区域空间的送风口，而对红外阵列传感器感应到人体的局部区域空间开启该局部区域空间的送风口和空气质量传感器模块，利用空气质量传感器模块进行污染物浓度的监测，对监测到的污染物浓度未超过设定值的局部区域空间只需要开启该局部区域空间的送风口进行空气的净化即可，对监测到的污染物浓度超过设定值的局部区域空间则开启该局部区域空间的通风净化系统，通过增加该局部区域空间的新风净化量以降低该局部区域空间的污染物浓度。In addition, the infrared array sensors distributed in different local areas are used to sense the human body in different local areas of the room. For the local area where the infrared array sensor does not sense the human body, the air supply port of the local area is not opened, and the infrared array sensor does not sense the human body. The sensor senses a local area of the human body to open the air supply outlet and the air quality sensor module of the local area, and use the air quality sensor module to monitor the concentration of pollutants. It is only necessary to open the air supply port of the local area to purify the air. For the local area where the monitored pollutant concentration exceeds the set value, the ventilation and purification system of the local area is turned on. The amount of fresh air purification to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the local area space.
本实用新型的有益效果在于：The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:
1、本实用新型的调控系统在对室内空气质量进行调控时，对于无人的局部区域空间不开启该空间室内整体主通风净化系统的送风口，而对有人且污染物浓度未超标的局部区域空间仅开启该空间室内整体主通风净化系统的送风口即可满足该区域空间人对空气质量的要求，而仅对于污染物浓度超标的局部区域空间开启该局部区域空间内的通风净化系统，这样，避免产生因室内人员集中在某几处区域而导致的这些区域污染物浓度超标，同时这种调控方式在不需要提高室内整体通风净化系统净化功率的前提下，就可以对局部污染物超标的位置进行有效净化，因此本系统能对室内人员的分布情况进行检测，并对检测到的人员集中的局部区域空间进行重点净化。1. When the control system of the present utility model controls the indoor air quality, it does not open the air supply port of the overall main ventilation and purification system in the local area where no one is in the space, and does not open the air supply port of the overall main ventilation and purification system in the space for the unmanned local area. Only opening the air supply port of the overall main ventilation and purification system in the space can meet the air quality requirements of the people in the space, and only open the ventilation and purification system in the local space for the local space where the pollutant concentration exceeds the standard. , to avoid the excessive concentration of pollutants in these areas caused by the concentration of indoor personnel in certain areas. At the same time, this control method can prevent local pollutants exceeding the standard on the premise of not needing to improve the purification power of the overall indoor ventilation and purification system. Therefore, the system can detect the distribution of indoor personnel, and purify the local area where the detected personnel are concentrated.
2、本实用新型根据人员计数器统计的室内人数对室内环境进行整体通风净化的调节，并综合考虑了人体行为特征和室内污染物的时空分布特性，针对室内人群分布特性，通过红外阵列传感器感应室内人员分布，并对污染物浓度超标的重点空间进行局部空气质量的调节，更合理的控制室内环境污染物浓度和运行能耗，可以提升整个空气质量运营水平，减少人体健康风险和工作效率损失，促进建筑节能。2. The utility model adjusts the overall ventilation and purification of the indoor environment according to the number of people in the room counted by the people counter, and comprehensively considers the characteristics of human behavior and the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of indoor pollutants. The distribution of personnel, and the adjustment of local air quality in key spaces with excessive pollutant concentrations, more reasonable control of indoor environmental pollutant concentrations and operating energy consumption, can improve the overall air quality operation level, reduce human health risks and work efficiency losses, Promote building energy efficiency.
优选的，还包括局部手动操作开关，所述局部手动操作开关与所述局部区域空间的通风净化系统一一对应，所述局部手动操作开关能够对与所述局部手动操作开关对应的所述局部区域空间的通风净化系统进行调节。Preferably, it also includes a local manual operation switch, the local manual operation switch is in one-to-one correspondence with the ventilation and purification systems of the local area space, and the local manual operation switch can The ventilation and purification system of the regional space is adjusted.
这样，室内人员可以通过每个局部区域空间的局部手动操作开关对每个局部区域空间的通风净化系统进行单独调节，满足了室内人员对空气质量的个性化要求。In this way, indoor personnel can individually adjust the ventilation and purification system of each local area space through the local manual operation switch of each local area space, which meets the individual requirements of indoor personnel for air quality.
优选的，所述人员计数器包括设置在入口位置处的第一人体活动感应器，设置在出口位置处的第二人体活动感应器，以及统计计数器；所述第一人体活动感应器和所述第二人体活动感应器的感应信号输出端分别电连接至统计计数器的计数加信号输入端和计数减信号输入端。Preferably, the people counter includes a first human activity sensor arranged at the entrance, a second human activity sensor arranged at the exit, and a statistical counter; the first human activity sensor and the first human activity sensor The sensing signal output ends of the two human activity sensors are respectively electrically connected to the count plus signal input end and the count minus signal input end of the statistical counter.
这样，当设置在入口位置处的第一人体活动感应器感应到有人员进入室内，统计计数器则计数加1，当设置在出口位置处的第二人体活动感应器感应到有人员从室内外出后，统计计数器则计数减1，由此统计计数器则能够直接统计到室内总人数。In this way, when the first human activity sensor located at the entrance senses that a person has entered the room, the statistical counter counts up by 1. When the second human activity sensor located at the exit location senses that a person leaves the room , the statistical counter is decremented by 1, so the statistical counter can directly count the total number of people in the room.
优选的，所述人员计数器与所述计算机系统通过无线的方式进行数据传输连接。Preferably, the people counter is connected with the computer system for data transmission in a wireless manner.
这样，采用无线的方式连接，使得计算机系统的位置布置更加的灵活。In this way, the wireless connection is adopted, so that the positional arrangement of the computer system is more flexible.
优选的，所述人员计数器与所述计算机系统通过数据线的方式进行数据传输连接。Preferably, the people counter is connected with the computer system for data transmission by means of a data line.
这样使得人员计数器监测到的室内总人数的数据能更加快速稳定的传递到计算机系统。In this way, the data of the total number of people in the room monitored by the people counter can be transmitted to the computer system more quickly and stably.
优选的，所述红外阵列传感器的误差小于2℃，并可自动调节感应角度。Preferably, the error of the infrared array sensor is less than 2°C, and the sensing angle can be adjusted automatically.
这样，红外阵列传感器能准确的检测到室内人员，同时红外阵列传感器可自动的调节感应角度，从而方便对室内各个位置的人员进行有效检测。In this way, the infrared array sensor can accurately detect indoor personnel, and at the same time, the infrared array sensor can automatically adjust the sensing angle, thereby facilitating effective detection of personnel at various positions in the room.
优选的，所述空气质量传感器模块安装在人体的呼吸区域内。Preferably, the air quality sensor module is installed in the breathing area of the human body.
若是将空气质量传感器模块安装得离人体的呼吸区域过远，则空气质量传感器模块监测到的污染物浓度和人体呼吸区域的污染物浓度存在一定的差值，这样即便空气质量传感器模块监测到的污染物浓度小于设定值，但实际人体呼吸区域的污染物浓度仍然大于设定值，这样就将产生人体呼吸区域中的空气质量净化不足的问题，进而对室内人员的健康造成伤害。If the air quality sensor module is installed too far away from the breathing area of the human body, there will be a certain difference between the pollutant concentration monitored by the air quality sensor module and the pollutant concentration in the breathing area of the human body. The pollutant concentration is less than the set value, but the actual pollutant concentration in the breathing area of the human body is still greater than the set value, which will cause the problem of insufficient air purification in the breathing area of the human body, thereby causing harm to the health of indoor personnel.
优选的，所述空气质量传感器模块安装在排风口。Preferably, the air quality sensor module is installed at the air outlet.
将空气质量传感器模块安装在排风口，然后利用监测到的污染物浓度数据换算得到人体呼吸区的污染物浓度值，从而使得人体呼吸区的污染物浓度值始终限定在设定值以内，避免人体呼吸区域中的空气质量净化不足导致的对室内人员健康的伤害。Install the air quality sensor module at the exhaust outlet, and then use the monitored pollutant concentration data to convert the pollutant concentration value in the human breathing zone, so that the pollutant concentration value in the human breathing zone is always limited to the set value, avoiding Harm to the health of indoor occupants due to insufficient air quality purification in the human breathing zone.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了使实用新型的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本实用新型作进一步的详细描述，其中：In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
图1为本实用新型优选实施方式基于人员定位检测的室内空气质量调控系统的系统框图；Fig. 1 is the system block diagram of the indoor air quality control system based on personnel positioning detection according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本实用新型优选实施方式基于人员定位检测的室内空气质量调控系统的控制流程图；Fig. 2 is the control flow chart of the indoor air quality control system based on personnel positioning detection according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图3本实用新型优选实施方式基于人员定位检测的室内空气质量调控系统在图书馆自习室内进行调控的模拟图。FIG. 3 is a simulation diagram of the indoor air quality control system based on personnel positioning detection in the library study room according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步的详细说明。The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如附图1所示，一种基于人员定位检测的室内空气质量调控系统，包括数据采集系统、与数据采集系统进行数据传输连接的计算机系统和与计算机系统进行数据传输连接的室内环境调控系统；As shown in accompanying drawing 1, a kind of indoor air quality control system based on personnel positioning detection, comprises data acquisition system, the computer system that carries out data transmission connection with the data acquisition system and the indoor environment control system that carries out data transmission connection with the computer system;
所述数据采集系统包括设置在出入口位置处的人员计数器，以及分布在室内不同局部区域空间的多个红外阵列传感器和多个空气质量传感器模块；The data acquisition system includes a people counter arranged at the entrance and exit, and a plurality of infrared array sensors and a plurality of air quality sensor modules distributed in different local areas of the room;
所述人员计数器用于监测出入口位置处的进出人员以统计室内总人数，并将统计的室内总人数传递给所述计算机系统；The people counter is used to monitor the people entering and leaving the entrance and exit to count the total number of people in the room, and transmit the total number of people in the room to the computer system;
每个所述红外阵列传感器用于对其所在的室内局部区域空间进行人体感应，并将感应数据传递给所述计算机系统；Each of the infrared array sensors is used to sense the human body in the indoor local area where it is located, and transmit the sensed data to the computer system;
每个所述空气质量传感器模块用于对所在的室内局部区域空间的污染物浓度进行监测，并将监测到的污染物浓度数据传递给所述计算机系统；Each of the air quality sensor modules is used to monitor the concentration of pollutants in the indoor local area space where it is located, and transmit the monitored pollutant concentration data to the computer system;
室内环境调控系统包括室内整体主通风净化系统和局部区域空间的通风净化系统；The indoor environment control system includes the overall main indoor ventilation and purification system and the ventilation and purification system of the local area space;
室内整体主通风净化系统根据传递到所述计算机系统的室内总人数进行室内整体的通风净化；室内整体主通风净化系统在室内不同局部区域空间均设有送风口和排风口，送风口根据红外阵列传感器对室内不同局部区域空间感应到的是否有人的数据决定是否开启；The indoor overall main ventilation and purification system performs overall indoor ventilation and purification according to the total number of people in the room transmitted to the computer system; the indoor overall main ventilation and purification system is provided with air supply ports and air exhaust ports in different parts of the room, and the air supply ports are based on infrared The array sensor determines whether to turn on the data of whether there is a person in different local areas of the room;
局部区域空间的通风净化系统根据红外阵列传感器和空气质量传感器模块传递到计算机系统的数据决定是否开启所述局部区域空间的通风净化系统。The ventilation and purification system of the local area space decides whether to activate the ventilation and purification system of the local area space according to the data transmitted by the infrared array sensor and the air quality sensor module to the computer system.
本实用新型利用人员计数器对室内总人数进行统计，并将统计的数据实时传输给计算机系统；计算机系统根据接收到的室内总人数的数据计算得到室内整体需求的新风量并转化为风机功率，然后将需求的风机功率发送给室内整体主通风净化系统，室内整体主通风净化系统对风机的风量进行调节以满足需求的风机功率，从而使得室内整体有一个较好的空气质量。The utility model uses the people counter to count the total number of people in the room, and transmits the statistical data to the computer system in real time; The required fan power is sent to the indoor overall main ventilation and purification system, and the indoor overall main ventilation and purification system adjusts the air volume of the fan to meet the required fan power, so that the overall indoor air quality is better.
另外，使用红外阵列传感器对室内不同局部区域空间的人体进行感应，对红外阵列传感器未感应到人体的局部区域空间不开启该局部区域空间的送风口，而对红外阵列传感器感应到人体的局部区域空间开启该局部区域空间的送风口和空气质量传感器模块，利用空气质量传感器模块进行污染物浓度的监测，对监测到的污染物浓度未超过设定值的局部区域空间只需要开启该局部区域空间的送风口进行空气的净化即可，对监测到的污染物浓度超过设定值的局部区域空间则开启该局部区域空间的通风净化系统，通过增加该局部区域空间的新风净化量以降低该局部区域空间的污染物浓度。In addition, the infrared array sensor is used to sense the human body in different local areas of the room. For the local area where the infrared array sensor does not sense the human body, the air supply port of the local area is not opened, and the infrared array sensor senses the local area of the human body. The space opens the air supply outlet and air quality sensor module of the local area space, and uses the air quality sensor module to monitor the pollutant concentration. For the local area space where the monitored pollutant concentration does not exceed the set value, only the local area space needs to be opened. The ventilation and purification system of the local area is turned on for the local area where the monitored pollutant concentration exceeds the set value, and the fresh air purification volume of the local area is increased to reduce the local area. The concentration of pollutants in the regional space.
在本方案中提到的室内整体主通风净化系统和局部区域空间的通风净化系统均可以采用现有技术中的新风净化系统来实现。新风净化系统主要是由风机、送风口、排风口及各种管道和接头组成，新风净化系统中，安装在室内吊顶的风机通过管道与一系列的排风口相连，新风净化系统在对室内空气进行净化处理时，启动风机，室内受污染的空气经排风口排往室外并使室内形成负压，在负压作用下室外新鲜空气便经送风口进入室内，新风净化系统在送风的同时还能对室内的空气进行新风过滤、灭毒、杀菌、增氧和预热(冬天)等，以此来达到净化室内空气的目的，从而使室内人员可呼吸到高品质的新鲜空气。本方案中的室内整体主通风净化系统在各局部区域空间均开设有送风口和排风口，主要用于对室内整体提供新风和进行空气的净化处理，而分布在室内各局部区域空间的通风净化系统则用于对对应的局部区域空间提供新风和进行空气的净化处理。The indoor overall main ventilation and purification system and the ventilation and purification system of the local area space mentioned in this solution can be realized by adopting the fresh air purification system in the prior art. The fresh air purification system is mainly composed of fans, air supply ports, exhaust ports and various pipes and joints. In the fresh air purification system, the fans installed on the indoor ceiling are connected to a series of exhaust ports through pipes. When the air is purified, the fan is started, and the indoor polluted air is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust port to form a negative pressure in the room. Under the action of the negative pressure, the outdoor fresh air enters the room through the air supply port. At the same time, it can also perform fresh air filtration, disinfection, sterilization, oxygenation and preheating (winter) for the indoor air, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying the indoor air, so that indoor personnel can breathe high-quality fresh air. The indoor overall main ventilation and purification system in this scheme is provided with air supply and exhaust ports in each local area, which is mainly used to provide fresh air and purify the air as a whole, and the ventilation distributed in each local area of the room. The purification system is used to provide fresh air and purify the air for the corresponding local area space.
本实用新型的调控系统在对室内空气质量进行调控时，对于无人的局部区域空间不开启该空间室内整体主通风净化系统的送风口，而对有人且污染物浓度未超标的局部区域空间仅开启该空间室内整体主通风净化系统的送风口即可满足该区域空间人对空气质量的要求，而仅对于污染物浓度超标的局部区域空间开启该局部区域空间内的通风净化系统，这样，避免产生室内人员集中在某几处区域导致的这些区域污染物浓度超标，同时这种调控方式在不需要提高室内整体通风净化系统净化功率的前提下，就可以对局部污染物超标的位置进行有效净化，因此本系统能根据室内人员的分布特性，提高人员集中区域的空气质量净化水平，同时还能降低能源的浪费。When the control system of the utility model controls the indoor air quality, the air supply port of the overall main indoor ventilation and purification system is not opened for the local area space where no one is in the space, and only the local area space where there are people and the pollutant concentration does not exceed the standard is only opened. Open the air supply port of the overall main ventilation and purification system in the space to meet the air quality requirements of the people in the space, and only open the ventilation and purification system in the local area for the local area where the pollutant concentration exceeds the standard. The concentration of pollutants in these areas caused by the concentration of indoor personnel in certain areas exceeds the standard. At the same time, this control method can effectively purify the locations where the local pollutants exceed the standard without increasing the purification power of the overall indoor ventilation and purification system. Therefore, according to the distribution characteristics of indoor personnel, the system can improve the air quality purification level in the concentrated area of personnel, and at the same time reduce the waste of energy.
本实用新型根据人员计数器统计的室内人数对室内环境进行整体通风净化的调节，并综合考虑了人体行为特征和室内污染物的时空分布特性，针对室内人群分布特性，通过红外阵列传感器感应室内人员分布，并对污染物浓度超标的重点空间进行局部空气质量的调节，更合理的控制室内环境污染物浓度和运行能耗，可以提升整个空气质量运营水平，减少人体健康风险和工作效率损失，促进建筑节能。The utility model adjusts the overall ventilation and purification of the indoor environment according to the number of people in the room counted by the people counter, and comprehensively considers the characteristics of human behavior and the time-space distribution characteristics of indoor pollutants. , and adjust the local air quality of the key spaces where the pollutant concentration exceeds the standard, and more reasonably control the indoor environmental pollutant concentration and operating energy consumption, which can improve the overall air quality operation level, reduce human health risks and work efficiency losses, and promote building construction. Energy saving.
本实施例中，还包括局部手动操作开关，所述局部手动操作开关与所述局部区域空间的通风净化系统一一对应，所述局部手动操作开关可对与所述局部手动操作开关对应的所述局部区域空间的通风净化系统进行调节。In this embodiment, a local manual operation switch is also included, and the local manual operation switch is in one-to-one correspondence with the ventilation and purification systems of the local area space. The ventilation and purification system of the local area space is adjusted.
这样，室内人员可以通过每个局部区域空间的局部手动操作开关对每个局部区域空间的通风净化系统进行单独调节，满足了室内人员对空气质量的个性化要求。In this way, indoor personnel can individually adjust the ventilation and purification system of each local area space through the local manual operation switch of each local area space, which meets the individual requirements of indoor personnel for air quality.
本实施例中，人员计数器包括设置在入口位置处的第一人体活动感应器，设置在出口位置处的第二人体活动感应器，以及统计计数器；第一人体活动感应器和第二人体活动感应器的感应信号输出端分别电连接至统计计数器的计数加信号输入端和计数减信号输入端。In this embodiment, the people counter includes a first human activity sensor arranged at the entrance, a second human activity sensor arranged at the exit, and a statistical counter; the first human activity sensor and the second human activity sensor The sensing signal output end of the counter is electrically connected to the counting plus signal input end and the counting minus signal input end of the statistical counter respectively.
这样，当设置在入口位置处的第一人体活动感应器感应到有人员进入室内，统计计数器则计数加1，当设置在出口位置处的第二人体活动感应器感应到有人员从室内外出后，统计计数器则计数减1，由此统计计数器则能够直接统计到室内总人数。因此，本方案尤其适用于入口位置和出口位置分开的场合。In this way, when the first human activity sensor located at the entrance senses that a person has entered the room, the statistical counter counts up by 1. When the second human activity sensor located at the exit location senses that a person leaves the room , the statistical counter is decremented by 1, so the statistical counter can directly count the total number of people in the room. Therefore, this solution is especially suitable for occasions where the inlet position and the outlet position are separated.
本实施例中，所述人员计数器与所述计算机系统通过无线的方式进行数据传输连接。In this embodiment, the people counter is connected with the computer system for data transmission in a wireless manner.
这样，采用无线的方式连接，使得计算机系统的位置布置更加的灵活。In this way, the wireless connection is adopted, so that the positional arrangement of the computer system is more flexible.
另外，所述人员计数器也可通过数据线的方式与计算机系统进行数据传输连接。In addition, the people counter can also be connected with the computer system for data transmission by means of data lines.
这样使得人员计数器监测到的室内总人数的数据能更加快速稳定的传递到计算机系统。In this way, the data of the total number of people in the room monitored by the people counter can be transmitted to the computer system more quickly and stably.
本实施例中，作为对红外阵列传感器的进一步限定，所述红外阵列传感器误差小于2℃，并可自动调节感应角度。In this embodiment, as a further limitation to the infrared array sensor, the error of the infrared array sensor is less than 2°C, and the sensing angle can be adjusted automatically.
这样，红外阵列传感器能准确的检测到室内人员，同时红外阵列传感器可自动的调节感应角度，从而方便对室内各个位置的人员进行有效检测。In this way, the infrared array sensor can accurately detect indoor personnel, and at the same time, the infrared array sensor can automatically adjust the sensing angle, thereby facilitating effective detection of personnel at various positions in the room.
本实施例中，为了更准确的测量被人体吸入的空气中污染物的浓度，空气质量传感器模块安装在人体的呼吸区域内。则可直接监测到该局部区域空间内人体呼吸区的污染物浓度值C0。In this embodiment, in order to more accurately measure the concentration of pollutants in the air inhaled by the human body, the air quality sensor module is installed in the breathing area of the human body. Then, the pollutant concentration value C 0 in the human breathing zone in the local area space can be directly monitored.
若是将空气质量传感器模块安装得离人体的呼吸区域过远，则空气质量传感器模块监测到的污染物浓度和人体呼吸区域的污染物浓度存在一定的差值，这样即便空气质量传感器模块监测到的污染物浓度小于设定值，但实际人体呼吸区域的污染物浓度仍然大于设定值，这样就将产生人体呼吸区域中的空气质量净化不足的问题，进而对室内人员的健康造成伤害。If the air quality sensor module is installed too far away from the breathing area of the human body, there will be a certain difference between the pollutant concentration monitored by the air quality sensor module and the pollutant concentration in the breathing area of the human body. The pollutant concentration is less than the set value, but the actual pollutant concentration in the breathing area of the human body is still greater than the set value, which will cause the problem of insufficient air purification in the breathing area of the human body, thereby causing harm to the health of indoor personnel.
另外，考虑到空气质量传感器模块实际安装的方便性，也可将空气质量传感器模块安装在排风口。将空气质量传感器模块安装在排风口，然后利用监测到的污染物浓度数据换算得到人体呼吸区的污染物浓度值，从而使得人体呼吸区的污染物浓度值始终限定在设定值以内，避免人体呼吸区域中的空气质量净化不足导致的对室内人员健康的伤害，具体计算方法为：传感器测量得到的数值通过下列公式计算得到该局部区域空间内人体呼吸区的污染物浓度值；In addition, considering the practical installation convenience of the air quality sensor module, the air quality sensor module can also be installed at the air outlet. Install the air quality sensor module at the exhaust outlet, and then use the monitored pollutant concentration data to convert the pollutant concentration value in the human breathing zone, so that the pollutant concentration value in the human breathing zone is always limited to the set value, avoiding The damage to the health of indoor personnel caused by insufficient air quality purification in the human breathing area, the specific calculation method is: the value measured by the sensor is calculated by the following formula to obtain the pollutant concentration value of the human breathing area in the local area space;
式中：C0为该局部区域空间内人体呼吸区的污染物浓度值；Ce为排风口处的污染物浓度； Cs为送风口处的污染物浓度；εe为排污效率，可由测量得到或是按表1选取。In the formula: C 0 is the pollutant concentration value of the human breathing zone in the local area space; C e is the pollutant concentration at the air outlet; C s is the pollutant concentration at the air supply outlet; ε e is the pollutant discharge efficiency, which can be calculated by Measured or selected according to Table 1.
表1：不同通风形式的排污效率εe如下：Table 1: The sewage discharge efficiency ε e of different ventilation forms is as follows:
如附图2所示，采用上述调控系统在对室内空气质量进行调控时，主要采用以下步骤来实现：As shown in accompanying drawing 2, when adopting the above-mentioned control system to regulate and control the indoor air quality, the following steps are mainly used to realize:
步骤1)利用房间门口处的人员计数器对室内总人数n进行监测，并将监测的数据实时传输给计算机系统；Step 1) utilize the personnel counter at the door of the room to monitor the total number of people n in the room, and transmit the monitored data to the computer system in real time;
步骤2)根据人员计数器传输到计算机系统上的室内总人数n计算得到室内整体需求的新风量Q；Q＝n*0.01m3/s；这样将人员计数器监测到的人员数据与室内整体需求的新风量之间关联起来，计算机系统就可以根据室内人员数量的变化实时的调控室内整体需求的新风量，避免了室内人员增多导致的室内整体空气质量净化不足和室内人数减少导致的新风量过大产生的能源浪费。Step 2 ) Calculate the fresh air volume Q of the indoor overall demand according to the total indoor number n transmitted to the computer system by the personnel counter; The fresh air volume is correlated, and the computer system can adjust the fresh air volume of the overall indoor demand in real time according to the change of the number of indoor personnel, avoiding the insufficient purification of the overall indoor air quality caused by the increase of indoor personnel and the excessive fresh air volume caused by the reduction of indoor number of people. The resulting energy waste.
步骤3)计算机系统将步骤2)中计算得到的新风量Q转化为风机功率P，并将需求的风机功率P发送给室内整体主通风净化系统，室内整体主通风净化系统对风机的风量进行调节以满足需求的风机功率P；
式中：p为风机的风压(单位为pa)；η1为风机效率，可取0.719至0.8；η2为机械传动效率，对于三角带传动取0.95，对于联轴器传动取0.98；In the formula: p is the wind pressure of the fan (unit is pa); η 1 is the fan efficiency, which can be 0.719 to 0.8; η 2 is the mechanical transmission efficiency, which is 0.95 for the V-belt transmission and 0.98 for the coupling transmission;
步骤4)将室内划分为若干的局部区域空间，使用红外阵列传感器对室内不同局部区域空间的人体进行感应，并分别判断每个局部区域空间中红外阵列传感器的感应情况；对红外阵列传感器感应到人体的局部区域空间，执行步骤5)；对红外阵列传感器未感应到人体的局部区域空间，执行步骤7)；Step 4) Divide the room into several local area spaces, use infrared array sensors to sense the human body in different local area spaces in the room, and judge the sensing conditions of the infrared array sensors in each local area space respectively; For the local area space of the human body, go to step 5); if the infrared array sensor does not sense the local area space of the human body, go to step 7);
步骤5)开启步骤4)中感应到人体的局部区域空间的送风口和空气质量传感器模块，利用空气质量传感器模块对不同局部区域空间的污染物浓度进行监测，并分别判断每个局部区域空间中空气质量传感器模块的监测数据；对空气质量传感器模块监测到的污染物浓度C0大于设定值的局部区域空间，执行步骤6)；对空气质量传感器模块监测到的污染物浓度C0不大于设定值的局部区域空间，执行步骤7)；Step 5) Turn on the air supply outlet and the air quality sensor module that senses the local area space of the human body in step 4), use the air quality sensor module to monitor the pollutant concentration in different local area spaces, and respectively judge each local area space. Monitoring data of the air quality sensor module; for the local area space where the pollutant concentration C 0 monitored by the air quality sensor module is greater than the set value, perform step 6); the pollutant concentration C 0 monitored by the air quality sensor module is not greater than Set the local area space of the value, and execute step 7);
空气质量传感器模块中可以设计包括有甲醛浓度传感器、挥发性有机物传感器、PM2.5 检测传感器和CO2浓度传感器中的一种或多种；在步骤5)中，室内污染物浓度的设定值要求为：甲醛浓度设定值为0.1mg/m3，挥发性有机物总体浓度设定值为0.6mg/m3，PM2.5浓度设定值为75μg/m3，CO2浓度设定值为1000ppm；当空气质量传感器模块中甲醛浓度传感器、挥发性有机物传感器、PM2.5检测传感器或CO2浓度传感器所监测到的任一参数值大于相对应的设定值，则判定空气质量传感器模块监测到的污染物浓度大于设定值。也就是说，实际上对室内空气污染物浓度具有如下的控制要求：甲醛＜0.1mg/m3；TVOC(总挥发性有机物)＜0.6mg/m3；PM2.5＜75μg/m3；CO2浓度小于1000ppm。这样，使得室内污染物浓度始终在设定值以下，减少这些污染物对室内人员健康的伤害。The air quality sensor module can be designed to include one or more of a formaldehyde concentration sensor, a volatile organic compound sensor, a PM2.5 detection sensor and a CO2 concentration sensor; in step 5), the set value of the indoor pollutant concentration The requirements are: the set value of formaldehyde concentration is 0.1mg/m 3 , the set value of total volatile organic compound concentration is 0.6mg/m 3 , the set value of PM2.5 concentration is 75μg/m 3 , and the set value of CO 2 concentration is 1000ppm; when any parameter value monitored by the formaldehyde concentration sensor, volatile organic compound sensor, PM2.5 detection sensor or CO 2 concentration sensor in the air quality sensor module is greater than the corresponding set value, it is determined that the air quality sensor module is monitoring The contaminant concentration obtained is greater than the set value. That is to say, there are actually the following control requirements for indoor air pollutant concentrations: formaldehyde < 0.1 mg/m 3 ; TVOC (total volatile organic compounds) < 0.6 mg/m 3 ; PM2.5 < 75 μg/m 3 ; CO2 The concentration is less than 1000ppm. In this way, the concentration of indoor pollutants is always below the set value, and the harm of these pollutants to the health of indoor personnel is reduced.
步骤6)对步骤5)中监测到的污染物浓度C0超过设定值的局部区域空间开启该局部区域空间的通风净化系统，以降低局部区域空间的污染物浓度，直到监测到该局部区域空间的污染物浓度不大于设定值时，执行步骤7)；Step 6) Turn on the ventilation and purification system of the local area space for the local area space where the pollutant concentration C 0 monitored in step 5) exceeds the set value, so as to reduce the pollutant concentration in the local area space, until the local area space is monitored. When the pollutant concentration in the space is not greater than the set value, perform step 7);
步骤7)返回执行步骤2)。Step 7) Return to step 2).
如附图3所示为采用上述调控方法对某图书馆自习室内进行实际调控的模拟图，图中的区域1和区域4感应到人体，开启该区域1和区域4的送风口和空气质量传感器模块，空气质量传感器模块检测到这两个区域污染物浓度超标，则开启这两个区域的局部区域空间的通风净化系统，来增加这两个局部区域空间的新风净化量。区域2感应到人体，开启该区域的送风口及空气质量传感器模块，空气质量传感器模块检测到该区域2的污染物浓度未超标，则不开启该局部区域空间的通风净化系统，即不增加区域2的新风净化量。区域3未检测到人体，故不开启该区域3的送风口和空气质量传感器模块。As shown in Figure 3, it is a simulation diagram of the actual regulation of a library's study room using the above-mentioned regulation method. The area 1 and area 4 in the figure sense the human body, and the air supply outlets and air quality sensors of the area 1 and area 4 are turned on. module, the air quality sensor module detects that the concentration of pollutants in these two areas exceeds the standard, and turns on the ventilation and purification system of the local area space of these two areas to increase the fresh air purification volume of the two local area spaces. When the area 2 senses the human body, the air supply outlet and air quality sensor module in this area are turned on. If the air quality sensor module detects that the pollutant concentration in this area 2 does not exceed the standard, the ventilation and purification system of the local area will not be turned on, that is, the area will not be increased. 2 fresh air purification capacity. No human body is detected in area 3, so the air supply port and air quality sensor module of this area 3 are not turned on.
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本实用新型的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照优选实施方式对本实用新型进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本实用新型的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本实用新型技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本实用新型的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be The scheme is modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, and it should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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