CN209745785U - A paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a paddy field soil adhesion force measuring instrument, which comprises a frame, a horizontal driving device, a drawing device and a control system, wherein the frame comprises a triangular bracket, a shell, a base, a supporting plate and a supporting plate; the horizontal driving device comprises a through type stepping motor, optical axes, linear bearings and a fixing plate, wherein the linear bearings are arranged on the supporting plate, the two optical axes respectively penetrate through the linear bearings, and the optical axes and a through type stepping motor lead screw are arranged on the fixing plate in parallel and are fixed through bolts to prevent relative rotation. The utility model discloses low cost, the suitability is strong, and device weight is light and handy, simple structure, convenient operation, but paddy field soil adhesion under the measuring dimension multidimension degree combination motion condition, the selection and the design that obtain the result can be for field operation machines provide reliable foundation.

Description

A paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural paddy field soil detection devices, in particular to a paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument.

Background technique

The phenomenon of soil adhesion widely exists in human production and life, especially the soil adhesion problem of ground machinery is the most prominent, ranging from increased resistance and energy consumption to severe problems such as difficulty in walking or inability to work.

The phenomenon of soil adhesion has brought us a great impact, and it is an important subject to be studied and solved urgently. Solving the problem of soil adhesion is of great practical significance to industrial and agricultural production, and can provide a research basis for solving the problem of adhesion of other materials. In addition, because soil adhesion research involves multidisciplinary fields such as soil science, machinery, materials, surface science, soil zoology and various surface analysis techniques, soil adhesion research can also promote the development of these disciplines and has important theoretical value.

The traditional method of measuring soil adhesion in paddy fields is to obtain soil samples in the field, and after preservation, bring them back to the laboratory for measurement on indoor testing instruments. The sampling process will destroy the stress state of the soil under natural conditions in the field, and the mechanical properties will change greatly. Changes, the reference significance of the measured data will be greatly reduced. The field test does not require sampling, does not disturb the soil, and retains the natural stress state of the soil in the field. The soil volume available for the field test is more abundant than the samples taken in the laboratory test, which can better reflect the macroscopic structure of the paddy field soil and the characteristics of the paddy field. The relationship between soil mechanical properties. The field test of paddy field soil can be carried out under continuous conditions, so a more comprehensive soil profile state and mechanical property parameters can be obtained, and the outdoor field measurement is more economical, faster and more efficient.

The current soil adhesion measuring instrument can only absorb in the normal or tangential direction of the soil, and the pulling speed can only be adjusted in one direction. However, in the actual work of the soil-contacting parts, the movement is extremely complicated, and there are more than two directions at the same time. The high-dimensional combined motion is the actual motion of most soil-contacting parts. The measurement conditions are far from the actual motion, and the reference value of the data is greatly reduced.

Therefore, those skilled in the art are in urgent need of a higher-dimensional soil adhesion tester under the condition of combined movement in view of the shortcomings of the current soil adhesion measuring instrument, which is inconvenient for in-situ measurement, and the shortcoming that it can only measure the adhesion of paddy field soil under the condition of a single movement direction. The adhesion measuring instrument is used to make up for the deficiency of the current soil adhesion measuring instrument.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument that can be in situ, fast, efficient, low cost, strong applicability, and can measure higher-dimensional combined motion conditions, which can measure the adsorption force of paddy field soil Rapid measurement, the obtained results can provide a reliable basis for the selection and design of field work tools.

In order to further achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: a paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument, including a frame, a horizontal driving device, a pulling device and a control system, and the frame includes a tripod, a shell, a base, The supporting plate, the supporting plate, the base and the triangular bracket are fixed by bolts, the supporting plate and the supporting plate are installed on the base, the shell is installed on the supporting plate, and are fixed by bolts; the horizontal driving device includes a through-type stepping motor, an optical shaft , linear bearing, fixed plate, the linear bearing is installed on the support plate, the two optical axes respectively run through the linear bearing, the optical axis and the through-type stepping motor screw are installed on the fixed plate in parallel, and are fixed by bolts; the pull The pulling device includes a connector, a fixed-axis stepping motor, a tension-pressure sensor, and an adhesion force measuring disc. The fixed-axis stepping motor is connected and fixed with the optical axis through the connector, and the fixed-axis stepping motor is driven to move horizontally by the optical axis. The tension and pressure sensor is installed on the front end of the fixed-axis stepping motor through threads, and the detachable adhesion measuring disc is installed on the bottom of the tension and pressure sensor; the control system includes PLC controller, stepping motor driver, mobile power supply, touch display screen, where the PLC controller and stepper motor driver are installed and fixed on the partition, the mobile power supply is installed and fixed on the pallet, and the touch screen and the upper surface of the housing are fixed by bolts.

As a preferred implementation of the above technical solution, the paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes part or all of the following technical features:

As an improvement to the above technical solution, in one embodiment of the present invention, the control system further includes a limit switch, and the limit switch is installed on the fixing plate.

As an improvement to the above technical solution, in one embodiment of the present invention, the base and the tripod are fixed by screw connections to form a rotatable base, on which a dial is arranged.

As an improvement to the above technical solution, in one embodiment of the present invention, a handle and a horizontal air bubble are provided on the upper end of the housing.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. The utility model adopts a PLC controller to realize the automation of the measurement process, reduce manpower consumption, low measurement cost and high measurement efficiency.

2. The utility model adopts three independently adjustable triangular brackets, which ensures the level of the measuring instrument and makes the measurement results more accurate.

3. The utility model adopts a rotatable base design, which is convenient to rotate, especially for multi-point measurement in the same small area, which has great convenience and does not need to re-lift the triangle bracket, which reduces soil disturbance and improves measurement accuracy; Convenient, greatly reducing the time of moving and turning the measuring instrument, and improving the measurement efficiency.

4. The utility model adopts a mobile power supply as power, and the structure design is compact, easy to move, easy to carry, especially in-situ measurement in the field is very convenient, the in-situ measurement test of paddy field soil can be carried out under continuous conditions, so it can be obtained more Comprehensive soil profile state and mechanical property parameters.

5. This utility model is aimed at the existing soil adhesion measuring instrument which can only measure the soil normal or tangential adhesion force, and the drawing speed can only be adjusted in one direction, while the utility model can measure the adhesion under the condition of multi-dimensional combined movement Paddy field soil adhesion, the measurement results have more practical reference value.

6. The utility model adopts a large number of standard parts, the design structure is simple, the maintenance is convenient, and the cost is low. It can be widely popularized as a special measuring instrument for paddy field soil adhesion.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model more clearly, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the utility models. Embodiments, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument;

Fig. 2 is the shelled front view of the utility model paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument;

Fig. 3 is the partially enlarged schematic diagram of the limit switch of the paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the shelled top view of the paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the shelled left side view of the paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the utility model paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument.

In the figure: 1-triangular bracket, 2-housing, 3-touch display, 4-handle, 5-horizontal bubble, 6-pull and pressure sensor, 7-adhesion test plate, 8-base, 9-pallet, 10-mobile power supply, 11-optical shaft, 12-fixing plate, 13-limit switch, 14-through stepping motor screw, 15-stepping motor driver, 16-linear bearing, 17-partition, 18- PLC controller, 19-through-type stepper motor, 20-support plate, 21-fixed-axis stepper motor, 22-connector.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. example. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

As shown in Figures 1-6, the paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a frame, a horizontal driving device, a pulling device and a control system to realize adhesion measurement. As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the frame includes a tripod 1, a shell 2, a base 8, a supporting plate 9, and a support plate 20, and the base 8 and the tripod 1 are fixed by bolts, and the supporting plate 20 and the supporting plate 9 are fixed together. Installed on the base 8, the housing 2 is installed on the supporting plate 9, and fixed by bolts; as shown in Figure 2, the horizontal drive device includes a through-type stepper motor 19, an optical axis 11, a linear bearing 16, and a fixed plate 12 , the linear bearing 16 is installed on the support plate 20, and the two optical axes 11 respectively pass through the linear bearing 16, and the optical axis 11 and the penetrating stepping motor screw 14 are installed on the fixed plate 12 in parallel, and are fixed by bolts to prevent relative Rotation; through the rotation of the rotor of the through-type stepping motor 19, the movement of the through-type stepping motor screw 14 is driven, and the optical axis 11 is driven by the fixed plate 12 to move; as shown in Figure 5, the drawing device includes a connector 22 , fixed-axis stepping motor 21, tension and pressure sensor 6, adhesion measuring disc 7, fixed-axis stepping motor 21 is connected and fixed with the above-mentioned optical axis 11 through connector 22, and the fixed-axis stepping motor is driven by optical axis 11 21 moves horizontally, the tension and pressure sensor 6 is directly mounted on the front end of the fixed-axis stepper motor 21 through threads, and the detachable adhesion force measuring disc 7 is installed on the bottom of the tension and pressure sensor 6; as shown in Figure 1-6, the The control system includes a PLC controller 18, a stepper motor driver 15, a mobile power supply 10, and a touch display screen 3; wherein the PLC controller 18 and the stepper motor driver 15 are installed and fixed on a partition 17, and the partition 17 is installed on a support On the upper end of the board 20, the mobile power supply 10 is installed and fixed on the supporting plate 9, and the touch screen 3 and the upper surface of the housing 2 are fixed by bolts. Specifically, the PLC controller 18 is a Delta DVP series programmable controller.

In one embodiment of the utility model, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the above-mentioned control system also includes a limit switch 13, the limit switch 13 is installed on the fixed plate 12, and the push-type limit switch 13 can be used. Prevent the rigid collision between the driving device and the shell 2, and protect the driving device from collision.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the base 8 and the triangular bracket 1 are screwed and fixed to form a rotatable base design, and a dial is arranged on it, which can be precisely rotated at any angle.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in FIG. 1 , a handle 4 and a horizontal air bubble 5 are provided on the upper end of the casing 2 . Adjust the length of the tripod 1, and judge by the level bubble 5 to keep the measuring instrument level.

The utility model is low in cost and strong in applicability, and the device is light in weight, simple in structure and convenient in operation, and can quickly measure the adsorption force of paddy field soil, and the obtained results can provide reliable basis for the selection and design of field operation tools .

In the following, the working principle of the paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument of the present invention will be briefly described in conjunction with the above structure description with reference to FIGS. 1-6.

The paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument is mainly composed of four parts: a frame, a horizontal driving device, a pulling device and a control system. The tripod 1 is fixed on the ground, and by adjusting the length of the tripod 1, the measuring instrument is kept level (judged by the horizontal bubble 5); at this time, the initialization button of the touch screen 3 is clicked, and the program starts to initialize; through the built-in program of the PLC controller 18, Control the drawing device and the horizontal drive device to return to the initial measurement position; set the required parameters by clicking the parameter adjustment button on the touch screen 3; then click the start measurement button on the touch screen 3 to drive the fixed-axis stepper motor 21 The through-type stepper motor 19 rotates according to the set speed and direction, thereby driving the pulling device and the horizontal driving device to move, and the traction adhesion force measuring disc 7 completes the "pressing-loading-holding-unloading" movement as required, and at the same time According to the measurement requirements, the data of the tension and pressure sensor 6 is recorded in real time; in order to prevent the rigid collision between the horizontal driving device and the shell 2, a push-type limit switch 13 is used to protect the horizontal driving device from collision.

The above is only the preferred implementation of the utility model, certainly not to limit the scope of rights of the utility model, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the premise of the utility model principle , can also make some improvements and changes, and these improvements and changes are also regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. a paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument is characterized in that, comprises frame, horizontal driving device, drawing device and control system, and described frame comprises tripod (1), shell (2), base (8) , supporting plate (9), supporting plate (20), base (8) and triangular bracket (1) are fixed by bolts, supporting plate (20) and supporting plate (9) are installed on the base (8), and shell (2) Installed on the supporting plate (9) and fixed by bolts; The horizontal driving device includes a through-type stepper motor (19), an optical shaft (11), a linear bearing (16), a fixed plate (12), and the linear bearing (16) is installed on the supporting plate (20). The shafts (11) run through the linear bearings (16) respectively, and the optical shaft (11) is installed on the fixing plate (12) in parallel with the through-type stepping motor screw (14), and is fixed by bolts; The pulling device comprises a connector (22), a fixed-axis stepper motor (21), a tension-pressure sensor (6), an adhesion measuring disc (7), and the fixed-axis stepper motor (21) passes through the connector ( 22) Connect and fix with the optical axis (11), drive the fixed-axis stepping motor (21) to move horizontally through the optical axis (11), and the tension and pressure sensor (6) is installed on the front end of the fixed-axis stepping motor (21) through threads , the detachable adhesion test plate (7) is installed on the bottom of the tension and pressure sensor (6); Described control system comprises PLC controller (18), stepper motor driver (15), mobile power supply (10), touch display screen (3), wherein, PLC controller (18) and stepper motor driver (15) install It is fixed on the partition (17), the mobile power supply (10) is installed and fixed on the supporting plate (9), and the touch display screen (3) and the upper surface of the casing (2) are fixed by bolts. 2. The paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, the control system further comprises a limit switch (13), and the limit switch (13) is installed on the fixed plate (12). 3. The paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, the base (8) and the tripod (1) are screwed together to form a rotatable base, on which a dial is arranged. 4. The paddy field soil adhesion measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, a handle (4) and a horizontal air bubble (5) are provided on the upper end of the housing (2).