CN209737092U - A special fixture for milling dovetail slots on workpieces - Google Patents

Abstract

A special fixture for milling a dovetail groove on a workpiece belongs to the field of machining. The utility model provides a special fixture for milling dovetail that location is convenient, the centre gripping is reliable, processingquality is efficient, loading and unloading part is convenient. In the utility model, the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate are fixed vertically in an L shape, and the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate are fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate perpendicular to the bottom plate; the spiral clamping mechanism is arranged on the first vertical plate, and the positioning device, the pressing plate clamping mechanism and the tool setting device are arranged on the second vertical plate; the orientation key is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate, and the workpiece is located in a semi-closed space formed by the spiral clamping mechanism, the positioning device and the pressing plate clamping mechanism. The utility model discloses mainly used presss from both sides tight work piece and mills the dovetail on the work piece.

Description

A special fixture for milling dovetail slots on workpieces

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of mechanical processing, in particular to a special fixture for milling dovetail grooves on workpieces.

Background technique

During the processing of mechanical parts, various forms of dovetail grooves are often encountered. Dovetail grooves play an irreplaceable role in mechanical parts. Dovetail grooves are mainly used for two mechanical moving parts, which play the role of guiding, positioning and supporting. Because of its good stability and high precision, it is widely used.

There are many processing methods for opening dovetail grooves on the workpiece, such as: broaching, wire cutting, planing, milling, etc. The fixture designed by the utility model is mainly used in the milling process. For complex structures, using general-purpose fixtures such as flat-nose pliers and three-jaw chucks will lead to difficult positioning, unreliable clamping, low processing quality and efficiency, and cumbersome loading and unloading of parts, etc.

Therefore, there is a need for a special fixture for milling dovetail grooves with convenient positioning, reliable clamping, high processing quality and efficiency, and convenient loading and unloading of parts.

Contents of the invention

The utility model solves the defects of existing fixtures such as difficult positioning, unreliable clamping, low processing quality efficiency, and cumbersome loading and unloading parts, and provides a milling tool with convenient positioning, reliable clamping, high processing quality efficiency, and convenient loading and unloading parts. Special fixture for dovetail slots.

The technical scheme of a special fixture for milling dovetail grooves on workpieces involved in the utility model is as follows:

The utility model relates to a special fixture for milling dovetail grooves on a workpiece, which is characterized in that it includes a clamp body, a screw tightening mechanism, a positioning device, a pressure plate tightening mechanism, a tool setting device and a directional key. It specifically includes the bottom plate, the No. 1 vertical plate and the No. 2 vertical plate. The No. 1 vertical plate and the No. 2 vertical plate are vertically fixed in an L shape, and the No. 1 vertical plate and the No. 2 vertical plate are fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate perpendicular to the bottom plate. ; The screw tightening mechanism is installed on the No. 1 vertical plate, and the positioning device, the pressing plate tightening mechanism, and the tool setting device are installed on the No. 2 vertical plate; the directional key is fixedly connected on the lower surface of the base plate, and the workpiece is located on the Inside the semi-enclosed space formed by the screw tightening mechanism, the positioning device and the pressing plate tightening mechanism.

Further: the screw tightening mechanism includes a handle, a bolt and a reinforcing member, the threaded end of the bolt passes through the No. 1 vertical plate and is connected to the reinforcing member, and the other end of the bolt is vertically fixed to the handle.

Further: the positioning device includes threaded pins and threaded square pins, both of which are threaded with the No. 2 vertical plate, and the lower part of the workpiece is provided with a through hole matching the threaded pins, and the threaded pins The vertical distance from the threaded square pin is the same as the distance from the circumference of the through hole to the edge of the workpiece, and the horizontal distance between the threaded pin and the threaded square pin is greater than the diameter of the through hole.

Further: one end of the threaded pin is provided with a thread, and the other end is a polyhedron, and the polyhedron is formed by cutting a cylinder along two parallel planes parallel to the axis; one end of the threaded square pin is provided with a thread, and the other end is a cuboid .

Further: the pressing plate tightening mechanism includes a pressing plate, a spring screw, a ball stud and a support rod, the threaded ends of the spring screw and the support rod are connected to the No. 2 vertical plate, and the other end of the spring screw passes through the middle of the pressing plate It is connected with the ball stud, and the grooved end of the pressure plate is in contact with the other end of the support rod; a spring is provided in the middle of the spring screw, and two spring plates are provided at both ends of the spring.

Further: the tool setting device includes a screw, a positioning pin, a feeler gauge and a tool setting block, the screw passes through the stepped hole on the tool setting block to connect with the No. 2 vertical plate, and the positioning pin penetrates into the tool setting block The straight hole is fixed on the No. 2 vertical plate, and the feeler gauge is installed at the L-shaped part of the tool setting block.

Further: the tool setting block is provided with two stepped holes for installing screws and one straight hole for installing positioning pins.

Further: the clamp body also includes a fixture positioning groove, a No. 1 reinforcing rib and a No. 2 reinforcing rib. The bottom plate is rectangular, and U-shaped fixture positioning grooves are arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom plate. The No. 1 The reinforcing rib is fixed on the junction surface of the bottom plate and the No. 1 vertical plate, the No. 2 reinforcing rib is fixed on the junction surface of the bottom plate and the No. 2 vertical plate, and there are two No. 1 reinforcing ribs, which are symmetrically distributed on the fixture on both sides of the positioning slot.

The beneficial effects of a special fixture for milling dovetail grooves involved in the utility model are:

The utility model relates to a special fixture for milling dovetail slots. Threaded pins and threaded square pins are installed on the vertical plate of the clamp body, so the positioning accuracy is high and convenient; The tightening mechanism and the clamping plate tightening mechanism, in which the screw tightening mechanism is equipped with handles and force parts, which can increase the clamping force and make the clamping force large and reliable; a knife setting device is installed outside the vertical plate of the clamping body to make the positioning And clamping is more reliable, so the quality of processed parts is good; when loading and unloading parts, only need to rotate the handle and pressure plate to compress the workpiece, so the efficiency is high and the loading and unloading of parts is convenient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a special fixture assembly for milling dovetail slots;

Fig. 2 is a figure of the processed workpiece;

Figure 3 is a top view of the fixture assembly;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of threaded pin;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the knife setting device;

Figure 6 is a front view of the clip body;

Figure 7 is a top view of the clamp body;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a threaded square pin;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the tool setting block;

In the figure: 1 is the clamp body, 1-1 is the bottom plate, 1-2 is the No. 1 vertical plate, 1-3 is the No. 2 vertical plate, 1-4 is the positioning groove of the fixture, 1-5 is the No. 1 reinforcing rib, 1 -6 is the No. 2 reinforcing rib, 2 is the screw tightening mechanism, 2-1 is the handle, 2-2 is the bolt, 2-3 is the force part, 3 is the positioning device, 3-1 is the threaded pin, 3-2 is Threaded square pin, 4 is a pressing plate tightening mechanism, 4-1 is a pressing plate, 4-2 is a spring screw, 4-2-1 is a spring, 4-2-2 is a spring plate, 4-3 is a ball stud, 4- 4 is a support rod, 5 is a tool setting device, 5-1 is a screw, 5-2 is a positioning pin, 5-3 is a feeler gauge, 5-4 is a tool setting block, 6 is an orientation key, 7 is a workpiece, 7- 1 is a through hole.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but it is not limited thereto. Any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the utility model should cover In the protection scope of the present utility model.

Specific implementation mode one

This embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 9. A special fixture for milling dovetail grooves on a workpiece described in this embodiment includes a clamp body 1, a screw tightening mechanism 2, a positioning device 3, a pressing plate tightening mechanism 4, The tool setting device 5 and the directional key 6, the clamp body 1 includes a bottom plate 1-1, a No. 1 vertical plate 1-2 and a No. 2 vertical plate 1-3, and the No. 1 vertical plate 1-2 and the No. 2 vertical plate 1-3 is vertically fixed in an L shape, and the No. 1 vertical plate 1-2 and the No. 2 vertical plate 1-3 are fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1-1 perpendicular to the bottom plate 1-1; the screw tightening mechanism 2 is installed on a On the No. 1 vertical plate 1-2, the positioning device 3, the pressing plate tightening mechanism 4, and the knife setting device 5 are installed on the No. 2 vertical plate 1-3; the directional key 6 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate 1-1, The workpiece 7 is located inside the semi-enclosed space formed by the screw tightening mechanism 2 , the positioning device 3 and the pressing plate tightening mechanism 4 .

More specifically: the screw tightening mechanism 2 includes a handle 2-1, a bolt 2-2 and a force member 2-3, and the threaded end of the bolt 2-2 passes through the No. 1 vertical plate 1-2 and The reinforcing member 2-3 is connected, and the other end of the bolt 2-2 is vertically fixed to the handle 2-1.

More specifically: the positioning device 3 includes a threaded pin 3-1 and a threaded square pin 3-2, and the threaded pin 3-1 and the threaded square pin 3-2 are both threaded with the second vertical plate 1-3, The bottom of the workpiece 7 is provided with a through hole 7-1 matched with the threaded pin 3-1, and the distance between the threaded pin 3-1 and the threaded square pin 3-2 in the vertical direction is the same as the circumference of the through hole 7-1 to the edge of the workpiece 7. The same distance, the distance between the threaded pin 3-1 and the threaded square pin 3-2 in the horizontal direction is greater than the diameter of the through hole 7-1; the threaded pin 3-1 is inserted into the through hole 7-1 by 3/4 of the part thickness , the main purpose is to make positioning more reliable.

More specifically: one end of the screw pin 3-1 is provided with a thread, and the other end is a polyhedron, the polyhedron is formed by cutting a cylinder along two parallel planes parallel to the axis, and the specific shape of the polyhedron has four sides , wherein the two opposite sides are rectangular, and the other two opposite sides are curved, and the two curved sides of the polyhedron are in close contact with the through hole 7-1 on the workpiece 7; one end of the threaded square pin 3-2 is provided with a screw thread , the other end is a cuboid, and one side of the cuboid is in close contact with the workpiece 7 .

More specifically: the pressing plate tightening mechanism 4 includes a pressing plate 4-1, a spring screw 4-2, a ball stud 4-3 and a support rod 4-4, and the spring screw 4-2 and the support rod 4-4 have One end of the thread is connected with the No. 2 vertical plate 1-3, and the other end of the spring screw rod 4-2 passes through the middle of the pressing plate 4-1 and is connected with the ball stud 4-3, and the pressing plate 4-1 has a grooved One end is in contact with the other end of the support rod 4-4; a spring 4-2-1 is provided in the middle of the spring screw rod 4-2, and two spring plates 4-2-2 are provided at both ends of the spring.

More specifically: the tool setting device 5 includes a screw 5-1, a positioning pin 5-2, a feeler gauge 5-3 and a tool setting block 5-4, and the screw 5-1 passes through the tool setting block 5-4 The stepped hole on the top is connected to the No. 2 vertical plate 1-3, the positioning pin 5-2 penetrates the straight hole on the knife setting block 5-4 and is fixed on the No. 2 vertical plate 1-3, and the feeler gauge 5- 3 is installed in the L-shaped place of knife setting block 5-4.

More specifically: the tool setting block 5-4 is provided with two stepped holes for installing the screws 5-1 and one straight hole for installing the positioning pin 5-2.

More specifically: the clamp body 1 also includes a clamp positioning groove 1-4, a No. 1 reinforcing rib 1-5 and a No. 2 reinforcing rib 1-6, the bottom plate 1-1 is rectangular, and the bottom plate 1-1 U-shaped fixture positioning grooves 1-4 are provided on the left and right sides of the left and right sides, and the No. 1 rib 1-5 is fixed on the junction surface of the base plate 1-1 and the No. 1 vertical plate 1-2. The No. 2 rib The reinforcing ribs 1-6 are fixed on the junction surface of the bottom plate 1-1 and the No. 2 vertical plate 1-3, and there are two No. 1 reinforcing ribs 1-5, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fixture positioning groove 1-4.

Specific implementation mode two

A special fixture for milling dovetail grooves described in this embodiment, the design principle of the special fixture is the principle of six-point positioning, that is: the workpiece has six degrees of freedom in space, that is, along the three coordinate directions of X, Y, and Z. Movement degrees of freedom and rotation degrees of freedom A, B, and C around the three moving axes of X, Y, and Z; to determine the position of the workpiece in space, it is necessary to arrange six support points according to certain requirements, which are commonly referred to as positioning elements , to limit the degree of freedom of the workpiece, which is the "six-point positioning principle" of workpiece positioning. It should be pointed out that the shape of the workpiece is different, the positioning surface is different, and the arrangement of the positioning points is also different.

A special fixture for milling dovetail grooves described in this embodiment is mainly for processing the dovetail groove at one end of the rolling seat. Before processing the dovetail groove, the round hole at the other end of the rolling seat has been processed; in this embodiment The above-mentioned special fixture for milling dovetail grooves is not limited to only processing pressure roller seats, and can also process other parts of the same type: one end is provided with dovetail grooves, and the other end has round holes, and it meets the requirements of threaded pins 3-1 The distance in the vertical direction from the threaded square pin 3-2 is the same as the distance from the circumference of the through hole 7-1 to the edge of the workpiece 7, and the horizontal distance between the threaded pin 3-1 and the threaded square pin 3-2 is greater than that in the through hole 7-1 diameter of.

A special fixture for milling dovetail grooves described in this embodiment, the specific installation process is to first process U-shaped fixture positioning grooves 1-4 on the left and right sides of the rectangular bottom plate 1-1 for fixing with the machine tool, Corresponding threaded holes are processed on the No. 1 vertical plate 1-2 and the No. 2 vertical plate 1-3, and a threaded hole is provided on the No. 1 vertical plate 1-2, and on the No. 2 vertical plate 1-3 There are 6 threaded holes and 1 pin hole; the No. 1 vertical plate 1-2 and the No. 2 vertical plate 1-3 are fixed vertically in an L shape by welding, and the No. 1-3 The vertical bottom plate 1-1 is fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1-1 by welding, and two No. 1 reinforcing ribs 1-5 are fixed on the junction surface of the bottom plate 1-1 and the No. 1 vertical plate 1-2 by welding , the two No. 1 reinforcing ribs 1-5 are symmetrically distributed about the fixture positioning groove 1-4, and the No. 2 reinforcing ribs 1-6 are fixed on the junction surface of the bottom plate 1-1 and the No. 2 vertical plate 1-3 by welding;

Then the handle 2-1 is vertically welded on the unthreaded end of the bolt 2-2, and the threaded end of the bolt 2-2 passes through the threaded hole on the No. Threaded connection, when the handle 2-1 is turned clockwise, the force part 2-3 is far away from the No. 1 vertical plate 1-2, which can achieve the purpose of tightening the workpiece; the contact point between the force part 2-3 and the workpiece is provided with a groove , the purpose of which is to improve the machining accuracy of the booster 2-3; during the installation process, the bolt 2-2 needs to be tightly screwed into the threaded hole of the booster 2-3;

Connect threaded pin 3-1 and threaded square pin 3-2 threaded end with No. 2 riser 1-3 again, and threaded pin 3-1 is installed in the larger threaded hole that is positioned at threaded square pin 3-2 below Inside, one end of the threaded pin 3-1 has threads for connecting with the No. 2 vertical plate 1-3, and the other end is a polyhedron, which is formed by cutting a cylinder along two parallel planes parallel to the axis, and is used for It is connected with the through hole 7-1 on the workpiece 7, and can limit the freedom of movement of the workpiece 7. One end of the threaded square pin 3-2 is provided with a thread, and the other end is a cuboid, which is convenient for contact with the workpiece and limits the degree of freedom of rotation of the workpiece;

Then the spring screw rod 4-2 with spring 4-2-1 and spring plate 4-2-2 is connected with the threaded end of support rod 4-4 with No. two vertical plate 1-3, the spring screw rod 4-2 The other end passes through the middle of the pressing plate 4-1 and is connected with the ball stud 4-3, and the other end of the supporting rod 4-4 contacts with the grooved end of the pressing plate 4-1 to play a supporting role. The other end of the pressing plate 4-1 One end compresses workpiece 7.

A special fixture for milling dovetail grooves described in this embodiment, the specific use process is first to install the whole installed fixture on the guide rail of the machine tool through the directional key 6. The clamping device on the upper guide rail and the fixture positioning groove 1-4 on the fixture fix the fixture on the machine guide rail, insert the end of the workpiece 7 with the through hole 7-1 into the threaded pin 3-1, and at the same time make the workpiece The side of 7 is close to the side of threaded square pin 3-2, limits 4 degrees of freedom of workpiece 7 under the joint action of threaded pin 3-1, threaded square pin 3-2 and No. 2 riser 1-3; Turn the handle 2-1 clockwise to tighten the workpiece 7, tighten the ball stud 4-3 so that the pressure plate 4-1 presses the workpiece 7, and at the same time, the groove at one end of the pressure plate 4-1 with the groove is close to the support rod 4 On -4, the other two degrees of freedom of the workpiece 7 are sequentially restricted; after all degrees of freedom are restricted, the tool setting device 5 can be used to perform tool setting on the machine tool, and then start processing; when the processing is completed, unload the workpiece 7 Only need to rotate the handle 2-1 counterclockwise, and then rotate the ball stud 4-3 to keep the pressure plate 4-1 away from the workpiece by a certain distance, and ensure that the groove of the pressure plate 4-1 does not contact the support rod 4-4. Pressing plate 4-1 rotates 90° clockwise or counterclockwise, and workpiece 7 can be unloaded.

Claims (8)

1. A special fixture for milling a dovetail groove on a workpiece is characterized by comprising a fixture body (1), a spiral clamping mechanism (2), a positioning device (3), a pressing plate clamping mechanism (4), a tool setting device (5) and an orientation key (6), wherein the fixture body (1) comprises a bottom plate (1-1), a first vertical plate (1-2) and a second vertical plate (1-3), the first vertical plate (1-2) and the second vertical plate (1-3) are vertically fixed in an L shape, and the first vertical plate (1-2) and the second vertical plate (1-3) are perpendicular to the bottom plate (1-1) and fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate (1-1); the spiral clamping mechanism (2) is arranged on a first vertical plate (1-2), and the positioning device (3), the pressing plate clamping mechanism (4) and the tool setting device (5) are arranged on a second vertical plate (1-3); the directional key (6) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate (1-1), and the workpiece (7) is located in a semi-closed space formed by the spiral clamping mechanism (2), the positioning device (3) and the pressing plate clamping mechanism (4).

2. A special fixture for milling dovetail grooves on a workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: the spiral tightening mechanism (2) comprises a handle (2-1), a bolt (2-2) and a force application part (2-3), one end, provided with threads, of the bolt (2-2) penetrates through the first vertical plate (1-2) to be connected with the force application part (2-3), and the other end of the bolt (2-2) is vertically fixed with the handle (2-1).

3. A special fixture for milling dovetail grooves on a workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: the positioning device (3) comprises a threaded pin (3-1) and a threaded square pin (3-2), the threaded pin (3-1) and the threaded square pin (3-2) are in threaded connection with a second vertical plate (1-3), a through hole (7-1) matched with the threaded pin (3-1) is formed in the lower portion of the workpiece (7), the distance between the threaded pin (3-1) and the threaded square pin (3-2) in the vertical direction is the same as the distance between the circumference of the through hole (7-1) and the edge of the workpiece (7), and the distance between the threaded pin (3-1) and the threaded square pin (3-2) in the horizontal direction is larger than the diameter of the through hole (7-1).

4. A special fixture for milling dovetail grooves on a workpiece according to claim 3, wherein: one end of the threaded pin (3-1) is provided with threads, the other end of the threaded pin is a polyhedron formed by cutting a cylinder along two parallel surfaces parallel to the axis; one end of the threaded square pin (3-2) is provided with threads, and the other end of the threaded square pin is a cuboid.

5. A special fixture for milling dovetail grooves on a workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: the pressing plate clamping mechanism (4) comprises a pressing plate (4-1), a spring screw (4-2), a ball stud (4-3) and a supporting rod (4-4), one end, provided with threads, of the spring screw (4-2) and the supporting rod (4-4) is connected with a second vertical plate (1-3), the other end of the spring screw (4-2) penetrates through the middle of the pressing plate (4-1) to be connected with the ball stud (4-3), and one end, provided with a groove, of the pressing plate (4-1) is in contact with the other end of the supporting rod (4-4); the middle part of the spring screw rod (4-2) is provided with a spring (4-2-1), and two ends of the spring are provided with two spring plates (4-2-2).

6. a special fixture for milling dovetail grooves on a workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: the tool setting device (5) comprises a screw (5-1), a positioning pin (5-2), a feeler gauge (5-3) and a tool setting block (5-4), wherein the screw (5-1) penetrates through a stepped hole in the tool setting block (5-4) to be connected with a second vertical plate (1-3), the positioning pin (5-2) penetrates through a straight hole in the tool setting block (5-4) to be fixed on the second vertical plate (1-3), and the feeler gauge (5-3) is installed at an L-shaped position of the tool setting block (5-4).

7. A special fixture for milling dovetail grooves on workpieces according to claim 6, wherein: two stepped holes for installing the screws (5-1) and a straight hole for installing the positioning pin (5-2) are arranged on the feeler block (5-4).

8. a special fixture for milling dovetail grooves on a workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: the fixture body (1) further comprises fixture positioning grooves (1-4), first reinforcing ribs (1-5) and second reinforcing ribs (1-6), the bottom plate (1-1) is rectangular, the U-shaped fixture positioning grooves (1-4) are formed in the left side and the right side of the bottom plate (1-1), the first reinforcing ribs (1-5) are fixed on the joint face of the bottom plate (1-1) and the first vertical plate (1-2), the second reinforcing ribs (1-6) are fixed on the joint face of the bottom plate (1-1) and the second vertical plate (1-3), the number of the first reinforcing ribs (1-5) is two, and the first reinforcing ribs and the second reinforcing ribs are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the fixture positioning grooves (1-4).