CN209700438U - Self-charging system of electric vehicle and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of self-charging system of electric car and electric cars, including battery interconnected, power battery, DC/DC converter, trigger circuit and battery management system, the battery is connect by the DC/DC converter with the power battery, and charging circuit is formed；The battery, the DC/DC converter, the power battery are connected with the trigger circuit, the trigger circuit includes SCM system, the SCM system controls the charging circuit between the power battery and the battery and is connected and disconnects for exporting first control signal, the first control signal for the battery management system and the DC/DC converter.The self-charging system full automatic control, it can effectively ensure that battery carries out the supplement of electricity in power shortage, it avoids the problem that leading to not vehicle because discharged or defective battery is serious and can not starting, ensure that the validity that vehicle uses, can preferably meet the needs of users.

Description

Self-charging system of electric vehicle and electric vehicle

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering, in particular to a self-charging system of an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle.

Background technique

With the consumption of natural energy and the improvement of environmental protection awareness, electric vehicles that use vehicle-mounted power supplies as power sources to drive motors to drive wheels have attracted more and more attention because of their advantages in energy saving and environmental protection.

The energy system of an electric vehicle usually includes a power battery, a storage battery, a DC/DC converter, a battery management system BMS, a charging system, etc., where the voltage storage battery is used as an internal low-voltage electrical device when the electric vehicle is not started, such as radio, point The working power supply of smoke detector, instrument lighting system, vehicle control system, etc. plays a vital role in the normal start of electric vehicles.

However, in the actual use process, when the electric vehicle is not in use for a period of time, due to the daily power consumption of the control equipment, the lead-acid battery will be in a state of power loss, resulting in the problem that the electric vehicle cannot be started normally, which seriously affects the performance of the vehicle. Normal use.

Utility model content

In view of this, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a self-charging system for an electric vehicle, which can solve the problem that the electric vehicle cannot be started normally due to the power shortage of the storage battery.

In order to achieve the above object, on the one hand, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A self-charging system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that it includes an interconnected storage battery, a power battery, a DC/DC converter, a trigger circuit, and a battery management system, and the battery is connected to the power supply through the DC/DC converter. The battery is connected to form a charging circuit; the storage battery, the DC/DC converter, and the power battery are all connected to the trigger circuit, and the trigger circuit includes a single-chip microcomputer system, and the single-chip microcomputer system is used to output the first control signal , the first control signal is used by the battery management system and the DC/DC converter to control the charging circuit between the power battery and the storage battery to be turned on and off.

Preferably, the trigger circuit further includes a switch circuit connected to the single-chip microcomputer system, and the single-chip microcomputer system is connected to the storage battery and the power battery through the switch circuit; the first control signal is used to control the The switch circuit is turned on and off, the output end of the switch circuit is connected to the battery management system and the DC/DC converter, the switch circuit is used to output a second control signal, the battery management system and the The DC/DC converter controls the charging circuit between the power battery and the storage battery to be turned on and off according to the second control signal.

Preferably, the battery management system includes an ON signal terminal and an ACC signal terminal, and the second control signal includes an ON trigger signal for controlling the ON signal terminal and an ACC trigger signal for controlling the ACC signal terminal.

Preferably, the switch circuit includes an ON trigger switch and an ACC trigger switch, the ON trigger switch is used to control the ON trigger signal, and the ACC trigger switch is used to control the ACC trigger signal.

Preferably, the first control signal includes a voltage signal, and the trigger circuit further includes a voltage acquisition circuit, the input end of the voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the storage battery, and the output end of the voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the single chip microcomputer system connected, the voltage acquisition circuit is used to acquire the instant voltage of the storage battery, and the single-chip microcomputer system is used to compare the instant voltage with a preset voltage, and output the voltage signal according to the comparison result.

Preferably, the single-chip microcomputer system includes a programmable single-chip microcomputer and a single-chip microcomputer circuit connected to each other, the voltage acquisition circuit and the switch circuit are connected to the programmable single-chip microcomputer through the single-chip microcomputer circuit, and the programmable single-chip microcomputer is provided with a A setting program, the preset program includes a control module and a comparison module for comparing the preset voltage with the instant voltage, the comparison module is used for comparing the instant voltage with the preset voltage, and outputs a comparison module Result; the control module sends the voltage signal according to the comparison result, and the single-chip microcomputer circuit is used to transmit the instant voltage to the comparison module, and transmit the voltage signal sent by the control module to the The switching circuit described above.

Preferably, the voltage signal includes a high-level signal and a low-level signal, the high-level signal is used to control the turn-on of the switch circuit, and the low-level signal is used to control the turn-off of the switch circuit open.

Preferably, the first control signal includes a time signal, and the single-chip microcomputer system includes a programmable single-chip microcomputer and a single-chip microcomputer circuit, and the programmable single-chip microcomputer is provided with a preset program, and the preset program includes a control module and a timer for timing module, the timing module is used to calculate the duration of the charging circuit conduction and/or disconnection between the power battery and the storage battery, compare the duration with a preset time, and output the comparison result , the control module sends the time signal according to the comparison result, and the single-chip microcomputer circuit is used to transmit the time signal sent by the control module to the switch circuit.

Preferably, the time signal includes a high-level signal and a low-level signal, the high-level signal is used to control the turn-on of the switch circuit, and the low-level signal is used to control the turn-off of the switch circuit open.

On the other hand, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

An electric vehicle includes the self-charging system described above.

The utility model provides a self-charging system for an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle. The self-charging system is provided with a trigger circuit with a single-chip microcomputer system, and the single-chip microcomputer system controls the conduction and disconnection of the charging circuit between the power battery and the storage battery. In this way, the automatic charging of the battery is completed. The self-charging system is fully automated and controlled, which can effectively ensure that the battery is replenished when the battery is running low, avoiding the problem that the vehicle cannot be started due to a serious battery loss, and ensures the effective use of the vehicle. to better meet the needs of users.

Description of drawings

Through the following description of the embodiments of the utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above-mentioned and other purposes, features and advantages of the utility model will be more clear, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 shows the circuit principle diagram of the self-charging system of the specific embodiment provided by the utility model;

Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the control process of the self-charging system of the specific embodiment provided by the present invention.

In the figure,

1. Battery; 2. Voltage acquisition circuit; 3. Single-chip microcomputer system; 4. Switching circuit; 5. Battery management system; 6. DC/DC converter; 7. Power battery; 8. Trigger circuit.

Detailed ways

The utility model is described below based on examples, but the utility model is not limited to these examples. In the following detailed description of the present utility model, some specific details are described in detail.

Additionally, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Unless the context clearly requires, throughout the specification and claims, "comprises", "comprises" and similar words should be interpreted in an inclusive sense rather than an exclusive or exhaustive meaning; that is, "including but not limited to" meaning.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second" and so on are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

Below in conjunction with specific embodiments, the self-charging system of the electric vehicle of the present invention is described, with reference to Fig. 1 and shown in 2, this electric vehicle comprises the storage battery 1 that is connected with each other, power battery 7, DC/DC converter 6, trigger circuit 8 and the battery management system 5, the storage battery 1 is used for power supply, and the storage battery 1 is connected to the equipment (such as radio, cigarette lighter, etc.) Electrical equipment (such as the DC/DC converter 6 in the charging circuit of the battery 1, etc.) to form an ACC gear ignition circuit and an ON gear ignition circuit. The battery 1 is connected to the power battery 7 through the DC/DC converter 6 to form a charging circuit, and the battery 1, the DC/DC converter 6, and the power battery 7 are all connected to the trigger circuit 8, the trigger circuit 8 includes a single-chip microcomputer system 3, and the single-chip microcomputer system 3 is used to output a first control signal, and the first control signal is used to control the battery management system 5 and the DC/DC converter 6 The charging circuit between the power battery 7 and the storage battery 1 is turned on and off, that is, only the battery management system 5 (BMS) and the DC/DC converter 6 are triggered to work or stop working, and the self-charging system is fully automated The control can effectively ensure that the battery 1 is replenished when it is in a power deficit, avoiding the problem that the vehicle cannot be started due to a serious power loss in the battery 1, ensures the effectiveness of the vehicle, and can better meet the needs of users.

1, the trigger circuit 8 also includes a switch circuit 4 connected to the single-chip system 3, the single-chip system 3 is connected to the storage battery 1 and the power battery 7 through the switch circuit 4, and the first A control signal is used to control the on and off of the switch circuit 4, the output terminal of the switch circuit 4 is connected with the battery management system 5 and the DC/DC converter 6, and the switch circuit 4 is used for To output the second control signal, the battery management system 5 and the DC/DC converter 6 control the charging circuit between the power battery 7 and the battery 1 to be turned on and off according to the second control signal , by setting the switch circuit 4, the on and off of the charging circuit is controlled by the on and off of the switch circuit 4, which can further ensure the accuracy of the trigger circuit 8, making the whole self-charging system more reliable and safe.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the battery management system 5 includes an ON signal terminal and an ACC signal terminal, and the second control signal includes an ON trigger signal for controlling the ON signal terminal and an ACC signal for controlling the ACC signal terminal. Trigger signal, adaptively, the switch circuit 4 includes an ON trigger switch and an ACC trigger switch, the ON trigger switch is used to control the ON trigger signal, the ACC trigger switch is used to control the ACC trigger signal, and the ON trigger switch is used to control the ACC trigger signal. The switch and the ACC trigger switch control the ON signal terminal and the ACC signal terminal of the battery management system 5 respectively, so that the control is more reliable, false triggering can be better avoided, and the waste of electric energy can be avoided.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the first control signal includes a voltage signal, and the trigger circuit 8 further includes a voltage acquisition circuit 2, and the input end of the voltage acquisition circuit 2 is connected to the storage battery 1 , the output terminal of the voltage acquisition circuit 2 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer system 3, the voltage acquisition circuit 2 is used to collect the instant voltage of the storage battery 1, and the single-chip microcomputer system 3 is used to compare the instant voltage with the preset voltage, and output the voltage signal according to the comparison result, the single-chip microcomputer system 3 includes programmable single-chip microcomputer and single-chip microcomputer circuit connected to each other, and the voltage acquisition circuit 2, the switch circuit 4 are all connected by the single-chip microcomputer circuit and the programmable single-chip microcomputer connected, the programmable microcontroller is provided with a preset program, the preset program includes a control module and a comparison module for comparing the preset voltage and the instant voltage, and the comparison module is used for comparing the instant voltage and the preset voltage, and output the comparison result; the control module sends the voltage signal according to the comparison result, and the single-chip microcomputer circuit is used to transmit the instant voltage to the comparison module and control the The voltage signal sent by the module is transmitted to the switch circuit 4 . For example, when the power consumption of the storage battery 1 is too much, the instant voltage of the storage battery 1 collected by the voltage acquisition circuit 2 will be small, and the single-chip microcomputer circuit will transmit the instant voltage to the programmable single-chip microcomputer, and the comparison module compares the instant voltage with the preset voltage. Small values are compared, if the comparison result shows that the instant voltage is less than or equal to the preset voltage, it means that the battery 1 is severely depleted, which may affect the normal use of the electric vehicle. The control module outputs a voltage signal according to the comparison result, and the voltage signal at this time is A high-level signal is transmitted to the switch circuit 4 by the single-chip microcomputer circuit, and the high-level signal controls the switch circuit 4 to be turned on, that is, the ON trigger switch and the ACC trigger switch are turned on, so that the battery management system 5 and the DC/DC converter 6 triggering work, so that the charging circuit of the power battery 7 and the battery 1 is turned on, and the power battery 7 charges the battery 1 . As the charging progresses, the power of the storage battery 1 gradually increases, and the value of the instantaneous voltage collected by the voltage acquisition circuit 2 gradually increases. The voltage signal of the level signal is transmitted to the switch circuit 4, and the switch circuit 4 is turned off, that is, the ON trigger switch and the ACC trigger switch are turned off, so that the battery management system 5 and the DC/DC converter 6 stop working, so that the power battery 7 The charging circuit of the storage battery 1 is disconnected, and the charging of the storage battery 1 is completed. The above-mentioned self-charging system can detect the instant voltage of the storage battery 1 in real time, which can well avoid the situation that the electric vehicle cannot be used due to the low voltage of the storage battery 1, and can well meet the needs of users. Moreover, the voltage acquisition circuit 2 collects the instant voltage of the battery 1 to realize precise control of the self-charging of the battery 1, and at the same time cooperates with a programmable single-chip microcomputer to make the self-charging control of the battery 1 more accurate and reliable.

The minimum value and maximum value of the preset voltage mentioned above can be obtained through experiments according to the actual situation of the electric vehicle and the use environment. For example, the minimum value is 11.2V, the maximum value is 14V, and the minimum value is the charging trigger value. The larger value is the upper limit protection value of the charging voltage, which improves the reliability of the electric vehicle, so that the self-charging system can adapt to different electric vehicles and different use environments, and improves the application range of the self-charging system.

In another preferred embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first control signal includes a time signal, and the single-chip microcomputer system 3 includes a programmable single-chip microcomputer and a single-chip microcomputer circuit, and the programmable single-chip microcomputer is provided with a preset program. The preset program includes a control module and a timing module for timing, the timing module is used to calculate the duration of the charging circuit conduction and/or disconnection between the power battery 7 and the storage battery 1, and calculate the The duration is compared with the preset time, and the comparison result is output, the control module sends the time signal according to the comparison result, and the single-chip microcomputer circuit is used to transmit the time signal sent by the control module to the The switch circuit 4, for example, the above-mentioned timing module is used to calculate the duration of the charging circuit between the power battery 7 and the battery 1 being turned on and off, when the duration of the disconnection obtained by the timing module is greater than the preset During the off time in the time, the control module sends a time signal, such as a high-level signal, and the high-level signal controls the switch circuit 4 to be turned on, that is, the ON trigger switch and the ACC trigger switch are turned on, so that the battery management system 5 And the DC/DC converter 6 triggers the work, so that the charging circuit of the power battery 7 and the battery 1 is turned on, and the power battery 7 charges the battery 1 . At this time, the duration of the timing module is reset to zero, and the duration of the conduction of the charging circuit is started to be calculated. When the duration is greater than the conduction time of the preset time, the control module sends a time signal such as a low level signal, and the switch circuit 4 Turn off, that is, the ON trigger switch and the ACC trigger switch are turned off, so that the battery management system 5 and the DC/DC converter 6 stop working, so that the charging circuit of the power battery 7 and the battery 1 is disconnected, and the battery 1 is fully charged. The circuit design of this preferred solution is simpler, and the trigger circuit 8 is more concise. In addition, it should be noted that the timing function and timing reset function of the above-mentioned timing module are conventional technical means, so no explanation is given; the above-mentioned disconnection time and conduction time of the preset time can be determined by conventional experimental means Obtained, the conduction time is roughly set according to the battery capacity and the charging current of the DC/DC converter, and the exact time needs to be determined after on-site testing. This program selects 10 minutes of charging, that is, the conduction time is 10 minutes. The disconnection time is given priority to the smaller value when the current battery voltage drops to the preset voltage, and the maximum disconnection time is set to 15 days. According to different power consumption conditions of the battery, the actual disconnection time is different. The preferred solution is to jointly control the self-charging system through the preset voltage and preset time to ensure higher reliability.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned technical solution of controlling the self-charging system through the comparison module and the timing module can be used alone or in combination to further ensure the reliability of the self-charging system.

For example, in a specific embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the programmable microcontroller includes a timing module, a comparison module and a control module, and the trigger circuit 8 includes a voltage acquisition circuit that is connected to the storage battery 1 and detects its instant voltage. 2. The signal output terminal of the voltage acquisition circuit 2 is connected to the input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer system 3, and the single-chip microcomputer system 3 includes a programmable single-chip microcomputer and a single-chip microcomputer circuit, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the switch circuit 4, and the input terminal of the switch circuit 4 The output terminal is connected to the battery management system 5 and the DC/DC converter 6, and sends a second control signal to them so that only the charging circuit between the power battery 7 and the storage battery 1 is turned on or off. When working, the real-time voltage of the storage battery 1 is detected by the voltage acquisition circuit 2 and sent to the single-chip system 3, and the single-chip system 3 compares the received real-time voltage with the smaller value of the preset voltage, and if the real-time voltage A smaller value smaller than the preset voltage outputs a high level to the switch circuit 4 to control the conduction of the switch circuit 4. At this time, the timing module starts timing. When the switch circuit 4 is turned on, an enable signal (that is, a second control signal: ACC trigger signal and ON trigger signal) is sent to the battery management system 5 to trigger work, and at the same time, the battery management system 5 After power-on, when the ON trigger signal is received, the main relay of the power battery 7 is turned on to provide electric energy. When the battery management system 5 is triggered, the switch circuit 4 also supplies power to the DC/DC converter. 6. Send an enable signal (that is, an ON trigger signal) to trigger the operation, so as to charge the storage battery 1 through the output voltage of the DC/DC converter 6 . After charging to a certain period of time (according to the on-site test to determine the required time for accumulator 1 to be fully charged), the duration obtained by the timing module is greater than the on-time of the preset time, and the single-chip system 3 sends a disconnected time signal, such as the single-chip system 3 A low level signal is output to the switch circuit 4 to control the switch circuit 4 to be turned off. After the switch circuit 4 is turned off, the battery management system 5 and the DC/DC converter 6 stop working, then the internal main contactor of the power battery 7 is disconnected, and the DC/DC converter 6 turns off the output. The entire self-charging system enters the battery 1 voltage detection stage, waiting for the arrival of the next charging cycle. In this embodiment, the judging process of controlling the conduction of the charging circuit is completely separated from the judging process of controlling its disconnection, the instant voltage and the preset voltage are used to control the conduction of the charging circuit, and the duration and preset time are used to control the disconnection of the charging circuit. Open, can effectively avoid the mutual interference of the two judgment processes, making the self-charging system more accurate, reliable, and safe, and can better meet the needs of users.

The present application also proposes to protect an electric vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned self-charging system, so that the electric vehicle has the above-mentioned beneficial effects.

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that, on the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned preferred solutions can be freely combined and superimposed.

It should be understood that the above-mentioned implementations are only exemplary rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make various obvious or equivalent solutions to the above-mentioned details without departing from the basic principles of the present utility model. All modifications or replacements will be included in the scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A self-charging system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that it comprises an interconnected battery, a power battery, a DC/DC converter, a trigger circuit and a battery management system, and the battery is connected to the battery through the DC/DC converter The power battery is connected to form a charging circuit; the storage battery, the DC/DC converter, and the power battery are all connected to the trigger circuit, and the trigger circuit includes a single-chip microcomputer system, and the single-chip microcomputer system is used to output the first A control signal, the first control signal is used by the battery management system and the DC/DC converter to control the charging circuit between the power battery and the storage battery to be turned on and off. 2. The self-charging system according to claim 1, wherein the trigger circuit further comprises a switch circuit connected to the single-chip microcomputer system, and the single-chip microcomputer system communicates with the storage battery and the power supply through the switch circuit. Battery connection; the first control signal is used to control the on and off of the switch circuit, the output terminal of the switch circuit is connected with the battery management system and the DC/DC converter, and the switch circuit For outputting a second control signal, the battery management system and the DC/DC converter control the charging circuit between the power battery and the storage battery to be turned on and off according to the second control signal. 3. The self-charging system according to claim 2, wherein the battery management system includes an ON signal terminal and an ACC signal terminal, and the second control signal includes an ON trigger signal and an ON trigger signal for controlling the ON signal terminal. ACC trigger signal for controlling the ACC signal terminal. 4. The self-charging system according to claim 3, wherein the switch circuit comprises an ON trigger switch and an ACC trigger switch, the ON trigger switch is used to control the ON trigger signal, and the ACC trigger switch is used for to control the ACC trigger signal. 5. The self-charging system according to claim 2, wherein the first control signal includes a voltage signal, the trigger circuit further includes a voltage acquisition circuit, and the input end of the voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the storage battery , the output end of the voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the single-chip microcomputer system, the voltage acquisition circuit is used to collect the instant voltage of the storage battery, the single-chip microcomputer system is used to compare the instant voltage with the preset voltage, and according to the comparison As a result, the voltage signal is output. 6. The self-charging system according to claim 5, wherein the single-chip microcomputer system includes programmable single-chip microcomputers and single-chip microcomputer circuits connected to each other, and the voltage acquisition circuit and the switch circuit are all connected to the single-chip microcomputer circuit through the single-chip microcomputer circuit. The programmable single-chip microcomputer is connected, and the programmable single-chip microcomputer is provided with a preset program, and the preset program includes a control module and a comparison module for comparing the preset voltage and the instant voltage, and the comparison module is used for comparing The instant voltage and the preset voltage, and output a comparison result; the control module sends the voltage signal according to the comparison result, and the single-chip microcomputer circuit is used to transmit the instant voltage to the comparison module, and The voltage signal sent by the control module is transmitted to the switch circuit. 7. The self-charging system according to claim 6, wherein the voltage signal includes a high-level signal and a low-level signal, and the high-level signal is used to control the conduction of the switch circuit, so The low level signal is used to control the disconnection of the switch circuit. 8. The self-charging system according to any one of claims 2-7, wherein the first control signal includes a time signal, the single-chip microcomputer system includes a programmable single-chip microcomputer and a single-chip microcomputer circuit, and the programmable single-chip microcomputer is provided with A preset program, the preset program includes a control module and a timing module for timing, and the timing module is used to calculate the duration of the charging circuit between the power battery and the storage battery being turned on and/or disconnected , and compare the duration with the preset time, and output the comparison result, the control module sends the time signal according to the comparison result, and the single-chip microcomputer circuit is used to send the time signal sent by the control module The signal is transmitted to the switching circuit. 9. The self-charging system according to claim 8, wherein the time signal includes a high-level signal and a low-level signal, and the high-level signal is used to control the conduction of the switch circuit, so The low level signal is used to control the disconnection of the switch circuit. 10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that the electric vehicle comprises the self-charging system according to any one of claims 1-9.