CN209484700U - A heating system coupled with dual heat pumps and thermoelectric units - Google Patents
A heating system coupled with dual heat pumps and thermoelectric units Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于供暖领域，涉及一种双热泵与热电机组耦合的供暖系统。The utility model belongs to the field of heating, and relates to a heating system coupled with double heat pumps and thermoelectric units.
背景技术Background technique
我国北方城市的集中供热热源朝着大型热电机组发展，但是随着城市规模的不断扩大，原有的热电机组可能难以满足实际供热需求。近年来不少热电厂通过增加热泵系统，利用高品位的蒸汽能量把一部分循环冷却水的低温热量提升并释放到一次网供水系统中，从而提高机组的整体供热能力。热电厂中已有的热泵系统多为溴化锂吸收式热泵，其缺点是出水温度较低，一般为80～90℃，还需要增加蒸汽加热才能提高到一次管网供热温度水平。吸收式热泵系统能够提在一定程度上高机组的灵活性，比如在热负荷提高的情况下，机组可以通过吸收式热泵满足热网需求，同时保持发电量较小的变化。但是受机组抽气能力的限制，增加了吸收式热泵的热电机组的灵活性是有一定限度的。The heat source of centralized heating in northern cities in my country is developing towards large-scale thermal power units, but with the continuous expansion of urban scale, the original thermal power units may be difficult to meet the actual heating demand. In recent years, many thermal power plants have increased the heat pump system by using high-grade steam energy to increase the low-temperature heat of a part of the circulating cooling water and release it to the primary network water supply system, thereby improving the overall heating capacity of the unit. Most of the existing heat pump systems in thermal power plants are lithium bromide absorption heat pumps. The disadvantage is that the outlet water temperature is low, generally 80-90°C, and steam heating is required to increase the heating temperature level of the primary pipe network. The absorption heat pump system can improve the flexibility of the unit to a certain extent. For example, when the heat load increases, the unit can meet the demand of the heat network through the absorption heat pump while maintaining a small change in power generation. However, limited by the pumping capacity of the unit, the flexibility of the thermoelectric unit with the absorption heat pump is limited to a certain extent.
随着国家对可再生能源电力的大力支持，风电、光伏等波动性大的电力大规模接入电网，这对热电机组的灵活性提出了更高的要求。主要原因是我国西北地区可再生能源丰富，同时也是冬季供暖需求旺盛的地方，因此热电机组较多。波动性大的可再生能源电力的上网要求常规火电机组和热电机组参与调峰，达不到灵活调峰要求的热电机组不仅会增大能耗和污染物排放，还会承受巨大的经营压力。With the country's strong support for renewable energy power, wind power, photovoltaics and other volatile power are connected to the grid on a large scale, which puts forward higher requirements for the flexibility of thermal power units. The main reason is that the northwest region of my country is rich in renewable energy, and it is also a place with strong heating demand in winter, so there are more thermal power units. The grid connection of highly volatile renewable energy power requires conventional thermal power units and thermal power units to participate in peak regulation. Thermal power units that fail to meet the requirements of flexible peak regulation will not only increase energy consumption and pollutant emissions, but will also be subject to enormous operating pressure.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点，提供了一种双热泵与热电机组耦合的供暖系统，该系统能够有效的提高热电机组的灵活性。The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a heating system coupled with a double heat pump and a thermoelectric unit, which can effectively improve the flexibility of the thermoelectric unit.
为达到上述目的，本实用新型所述的双热泵与热电机组耦合的供暖系统包括冷却塔、吸收式热泵、压缩式热泵、透平、蒸汽加热器及发电机；In order to achieve the above purpose, the heating system with dual heat pumps and thermoelectric units described in the present invention includes cooling towers, absorption heat pumps, compression heat pumps, turbines, steam heaters and generators;
冷却塔的循环冷却水出口与吸收式热泵的吸热侧入口及压缩式热泵的吸热侧入口相连通，吸收式热泵的吸热侧出口及压缩式热泵的吸热侧出口与冷却塔的循环冷却水入口相连通；The circulating cooling water outlet of the cooling tower is connected with the heat-absorbing side inlet of the absorption heat pump and the heat-absorbing side inlet of the compression heat pump, and the heat-absorbing side outlet of the absorption heat pump and the heat-absorbing side outlet of the compression heat pump are in circulation with the cooling tower. The cooling water inlet is connected;
透平的抽气出口与蒸汽加热器的放热侧及吸收式热泵的驱动蒸汽入口相连通，一次网回水管道与吸收式热泵的放热侧入口及压缩式热泵的放热侧入口相连通，压缩式热泵的放热侧出口及吸收式热泵的放热侧出口与一次网供水管道相连通，透平的输出轴与发电机的驱动轴相连接，发电机的输出端与电网相连接。The exhaust outlet of the turbine is connected with the heat release side of the steam heater and the driving steam inlet of the absorption heat pump, and the primary network return pipe is connected with the heat release side inlet of the absorption heat pump and the heat discharge side inlet of the compression heat pump , the heat release side outlet of the compression heat pump and the heat release side outlet of the absorption heat pump are connected to the water supply pipe of the primary network, the output shaft of the turbine is connected to the driving shaft of the generator, and the output end of the generator is connected to the power grid.
还包括热水储罐，其中，热水储罐的入口与压缩式热泵的放热侧出口相连通，热水储罐的出口与一次网供水管道相连通。It also includes a hot water storage tank, wherein the inlet of the hot water storage tank communicates with the heat release side outlet of the compression heat pump, and the outlet of the hot water storage tank communicates with the primary network water supply pipeline.
还包括凝汽器，其中，凝汽器的放热侧与透平的排气出口相连通，凝汽器的吸热侧入口与冷却塔的循环冷却水出口相连通，凝汽器的吸热侧出口与冷却塔的循环冷却水入口相连通。It also includes a condenser, wherein the heat releasing side of the condenser is connected with the exhaust outlet of the turbine, the heat absorbing side inlet of the condenser is connected with the circulating cooling water outlet of the cooling tower, and the heat absorbing side of the condenser The side outlet communicates with the circulating cooling water inlet of the cooling tower.
压缩式热泵的电源接口与发电机的输出端及电网相连接。The power interface of the compression heat pump is connected with the output end of the generator and the grid.
本实用新型具有以下有益效果：The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
本实用新型所述的双热泵与热电机组耦合的供暖系统在具体操作时，将吸收式热泵与压缩式热泵相结合，共同应用于热电机组中，不仅大幅度提高热电机组的供热能力，还大大提高热电机组的灵活性。传统单纯的吸收式热泵与热电机组相结合，可以在一定程度上提高机组的供热能力，但是吸收式热泵需要透平抽气的驱动，然而透平的抽气量有限，而且吸收式热泵的能效相对不高，因此其供热能力的提高相对较少；然而本实用新型将吸收式热泵和压缩式热泵共同应用于热电机组中，其供热能力可以在吸收式热泵和热电机组的基础上大大增加，由于压缩式热泵仅消耗电力，该部分电力可以来自于发电机发出的电，因此不受抽气的限制，并且压缩式热泵的能效更高。另外，由于压缩式热泵能够消耗发电机产生的电力，使得系统具备更高的灵活性。例如，当电网中可再生能源电力较多，而要求热电机组减少发电量，同时保持供热能力不变甚至增多的情况下，本实用新型中的压缩式热泵开始消耗热电机组自发的电力，将电力和循环冷却水中的热量变成一次网的供水热量，综上所示，本实用新型将吸收式热泵与压缩式热泵共同应用于热电机组中，可以有效的提高热电机组的灵活性，并且结构简单，操作方便，适应性较强，具有广阔的推广及应用空间。The heating system coupled with the dual heat pumps and the thermoelectric unit described in the utility model combines the absorption heat pump and the compression heat pump and applies them to the thermoelectric unit in specific operation, which not only greatly improves the heat supply capacity of the thermoelectric unit, but also Greatly improve the flexibility of the thermoelectric unit. The combination of the traditional simple absorption heat pump and the thermal power unit can improve the heat supply capacity of the unit to a certain extent, but the absorption heat pump needs to be driven by the extraction of turbine, but the extraction volume of the turbine is limited, and the energy efficiency of the absorption heat pump Relatively low, so the improvement of its heat supply capacity is relatively small; however, the utility model applies the absorption heat pump and the compression heat pump to the thermoelectric unit, and its heat supply capacity can be greatly improved on the basis of the absorption heat pump and the thermoelectric unit. Increase, because the compression heat pump only consumes electricity, and this part of the electricity can come from the electricity generated by the generator, so it is not limited by the pumping, and the energy efficiency of the compression heat pump is higher. In addition, since the compression heat pump can consume the electricity generated by the generator, the system has more flexibility. For example, when there is a lot of renewable energy in the power grid, and the thermal power unit is required to reduce power generation while maintaining the same or even increasing heating capacity, the compression heat pump in the utility model starts to consume the spontaneous power of the thermal power unit. The heat in the electricity and circulating cooling water becomes the water supply heat of the primary network. In summary, the utility model applies both the absorption heat pump and the compression heat pump to the thermoelectric unit, which can effectively improve the flexibility of the thermoelectric unit, and the structure Simple, easy to operate, strong adaptability, and has broad promotion and application space.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.
其中，1为透平、2为发电机、3为凝汽器、4为冷却塔、5为吸收式热泵、6为蒸汽加热器、7为压缩式热泵、8为热水储罐。Among them, 1 is a turbine, 2 is a generator, 3 is a condenser, 4 is a cooling tower, 5 is an absorption heat pump, 6 is a steam heater, 7 is a compression heat pump, and 8 is a hot water storage tank.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型做进一步详细描述：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail:
参考图1，本实用新型所述的双热泵与热电机组耦合的供暖系统包括冷却塔4、吸收式热泵5、压缩式热泵7、透平1、蒸汽加热器6及发电机2；冷却塔4的循环冷却水出口与吸收式热泵5的吸热侧入口及压缩式热泵7的吸热侧入口相连通，吸收式热泵5的吸热侧出口及压缩式热泵7的吸热侧出口与冷却塔4的循环冷却水入口相连通；透平1的抽气出口与蒸汽加热器6的放热侧及吸收式热泵5的驱动蒸汽入口相连通，一次网回水管道与吸收式热泵5的放热侧入口及压缩式热泵7的放热侧入口相连通，压缩式热泵7的放热侧出口及吸收式热泵5的放热侧出口与一次网供水管道相连通，透平1的输出轴与发电机2的驱动轴相连接，发电机2的输出端与电网相连接，压缩式热泵7的电源接口与发电机2的输出端及电网相连接。Referring to Fig. 1, the heating system coupled with dual heat pumps and thermoelectric units described in the present invention includes a cooling tower 4, an absorption heat pump 5, a compression heat pump 7, a turbine 1, a steam heater 6 and a generator 2; the cooling tower 4 The outlet of the circulating cooling water is connected with the heat-absorbing side inlet of the absorption heat pump 5 and the heat-absorbing side inlet of the compression heat pump 7, and the heat-absorbing side outlet of the absorption heat pump 5 and the heat-absorbing side outlet of the compression heat pump 7 are connected with the cooling tower The circulating cooling water inlet of 4 is connected; the exhaust outlet of turbine 1 is connected with the heat release side of steam heater 6 and the driving steam inlet of absorption heat pump 5, and the return water pipe of the primary network is connected with the heat release of absorption heat pump 5 The side inlet is connected with the heat release side inlet of the compression heat pump 7, the heat release side outlet of the compression heat pump 7 and the heat release side outlet of the absorption heat pump 5 are connected with the primary network water supply pipeline, and the output shaft of the turbine 1 is connected with the power generation The drive shaft of the generator 2 is connected, the output end of the generator 2 is connected to the grid, and the power interface of the compression heat pump 7 is connected to the output end of the generator 2 and the grid.
本实用新型还包括热水储罐8，其中，热水储罐8的入口与压缩式热泵7的放热侧出口相连通，热水储罐8的出口与一次网供水管道相连通。The utility model also includes a hot water storage tank 8, wherein the inlet of the hot water storage tank 8 communicates with the heat release side outlet of the compression heat pump 7, and the outlet of the hot water storage tank 8 communicates with the primary network water supply pipeline.
本实用新型还包括凝汽器3，其中，凝汽器3的放热侧与透平1的排气出口相连通，凝汽器3的吸热侧入口与冷却塔4的循环冷却水出口相连通，凝汽器3的吸热侧出口与冷却塔4的循环冷却水入口相连通。The utility model also includes a condenser 3, wherein the heat release side of the condenser 3 is connected with the exhaust outlet of the turbine 1, and the heat absorption side inlet of the condenser 3 is connected with the circulating cooling water outlet of the cooling tower 4 The heat-absorbing side outlet of the condenser 3 communicates with the circulating cooling water inlet of the cooling tower 4.
本实用新型的具体工作过程为：Concrete work process of the present utility model is:
在供暖刚开始和临近结束的时候，供热负荷较小，一次网回水进入到吸收式热泵5的放热侧中加热至70-90℃，然后作为一次网供水输出；At the beginning and end of heating, when the heating load is small, the return water of the primary network enters the heat release side of the absorption heat pump 5 and is heated to 70-90°C, and then output as the primary network water supply;
随着气温的降低，供热负荷较大，仅仅依靠吸收式热泵5加热一次网回水难以满足要求时，从透平1中引入抽气进入到蒸汽加热器6中，一次网回水经吸收式热泵5的放热侧加热至70-90℃后进入到蒸汽加热器6中，透平1的抽气出口输出的抽气进入到蒸汽加热器6的放热侧中，并将蒸汽加热器6中的一次网回水加热至110-130℃，经蒸汽加热器6加热后的一次网回水作为一次网供水输出；As the temperature drops, the heating load is larger. When it is difficult to meet the requirements of heating the primary network return water only by the absorption heat pump 5, the suction air is introduced from the turbine 1 into the steam heater 6, and the primary network return water is absorbed. The discharge side of the type heat pump 5 is heated to 70-90°C and enters the steam heater 6, and the exhaust gas output from the exhaust outlet of the turbine 1 enters the discharge side of the steam heater 6, and the steam heater The primary network return water in 6 is heated to 110-130°C, and the primary network return water heated by the steam heater 6 is output as the primary network supply water;
由于蒸汽的抽气量有一定限度，因此发电机2输出的热功率也是有一定限度的，当吸收式热泵5及抽气加热都无法满足供热需求时，即当蒸汽加热器6及吸收式热泵5不能满足供热负荷需求时，一次网回水分为两路，一路经吸收式热泵5的放热侧及蒸汽加热器6的吸热侧加热后作为一次网供水输出，另一路进入到压缩式热泵7中加热至70-130℃后作为一次网供水输出；Since the steam pumping capacity is limited, the thermal power output by the generator 2 is also limited. When the absorption heat pump 5 and the air extraction heating cannot meet the heating demand, that is, when the steam heater 6 and the absorption heat pump 5 can not meet the demand of heating load, the return water of the primary network is divided into two paths, one path is heated by the heat release side of the absorption heat pump 5 and the heat absorption side of the steam heater 6, and then output as primary network water supply, and the other path enters the compression type After being heated to 70-130°C in the heat pump 7, it is output as primary network water supply;
由于压缩式热泵7消耗的电可以来自于发电机2产生的电，因此在不改变吸收式热泵5及蒸汽加热器6的供热功率的情况下，额外提供热功率，以提高系统的整体供热功率；同时通过增加热水储罐8，使得压缩式热泵7具备更好调节发电机2电力输出的能力，从而提高机组的灵活性。Since the electricity consumed by the compression heat pump 7 can come from the electricity generated by the generator 2, without changing the heating power of the absorption heat pump 5 and the steam heater 6, additional heating power is provided to improve the overall power supply of the system. Thermal power; at the same time, by increasing the hot water storage tank 8, the compression heat pump 7 has the ability to better adjust the power output of the generator 2, thereby improving the flexibility of the unit.
当电网发出降低负荷的指令时，启动压缩式热泵7或者增加压缩式热泵7的负荷，以消耗发电机2产生的电能；当电网发出增加负荷的指令时，则降低压缩式热泵7的负荷或者关闭压缩式热泵7，以增加发电机2对电网的输出功率，由于压缩式热泵7升降负荷的速度要远远高于机组中锅炉的升降负荷速度，从而使得整个机组的响应速度更快，以提高整体系统的灵活性。When the grid issues an instruction to reduce the load, start the compression heat pump 7 or increase the load of the compression heat pump 7 to consume the electric energy generated by the generator 2; when the grid issues an instruction to increase the load, then reduce the load of the compression heat pump 7 or Turn off the compression heat pump 7 to increase the output power of the generator 2 to the grid. Since the speed of the compression heat pump 7 is much higher than that of the boiler in the unit, the response speed of the whole unit is faster, and the Improve overall system flexibility.
吸收式热泵5的驱动热源来自抽气，低温热源来自循环冷却水，所加热的工质为一次网回水；一次网回水在吸收式热泵5中吸收的热量等于抽气放热与利用的循环冷却水中的一部分热量之和。压缩式热泵7的驱动力为电能，可来自于发电机2，也可来自于电网。The driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 5 comes from air extraction, and the low-temperature heat source comes from the circulating cooling water, and the heated working medium is the return water of the primary network; the heat absorbed by the return water of the primary network in the absorption heat pump 5 is equal to the exhaust heat released and utilized The sum of part of the heat in the circulating cooling water. The driving force of the compression heat pump 7 is electric energy, which can come from the generator 2 or from the grid.
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| CN109579104A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-04-05 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of heating system that double heat pumps are coupled with thermoelectricity unit and method |
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| CN109579104A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-04-05 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of heating system that double heat pumps are coupled with thermoelectricity unit and method |
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