CN209447949U - A kind of battery module and battery pack - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery module, comprising a battery cell arrangement structure, an upper cover and a lower cover, the battery cell arrangement structure is arranged between the upper cover and the lower cover; wherein, the battery cell It comprises an electrode assembly and a battery case, the electrode assembly is a rolled structure and is flat, the outer surface of the electrode assembly includes two flat surfaces, and the two flat surfaces face each other in a vertical direction; or , the electrode assembly is a laminated structure, and the first pole piece, the diaphragm and the second pole piece are stacked in a vertical direction. Different from the prior art, the utility model can reduce the maximum expansion force of the battery module, so an end plate with a smaller volume can be selected, thereby improving the energy density of the battery module.

Description

A battery module and battery pack

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery module and a battery pack.

Background technique

Secondary batteries have the advantages of high energy density, long service life, energy saving and environmental protection, and are widely used in different fields such as new energy vehicles and energy storage power stations.

In use, a plurality of battery cells are usually arranged and electrically connected to each other through bus bars. In order to fix a plurality of battery cells, an end plate and a side plate are usually provided, and the end plate and the side plate are connected to each other to form a module frame, and a plurality of battery cells are fixed in the module frame.

Since the battery cells will expand and deform during use, and the expansion deformation is particularly obvious in the direction of the longest dimension of the battery module. In the existing battery module, the maximum expansion force of the battery cell is along the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal direction is the longest dimension direction of the battery module. Therefore, the amount of expansion deformation of the battery module in the longitudinal direction is very large. In order to limit the excessive expansion and deformation of the battery module along the length direction, the end plate of the battery module needs to be thickened, resulting in a larger volume of the end plate, resulting in a low energy density of the battery module, which is not conducive to the lightweight of the battery module.

Utility model content

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a battery module and a battery pack to solve the technical problems of the prior art.

To achieve the above purpose, the inventor provides a battery module, comprising:

a battery cell arrangement structure, the battery cell arrangement structure includes a plurality of battery cells and a plurality of bus bars electrically connecting the plurality of battery cells, the plurality of battery cells are arranged in a horizontal direction;

cover; and

a lower cover, the battery cell arrangement structure is arranged between the upper cover and the lower cover;

Wherein, the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and a battery case, the electrode assembly is accommodated in the battery case, and the electrode assembly includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and a second pole piece arranged on the first pole piece and the diaphragm between the second pole piece;

The electrode assembly has a rolled structure and is flat, the outer surface of the electrode assembly includes two flat surfaces, and the two flat surfaces face each other along the vertical direction; or, the electrode assembly is a laminate structure, the first pole piece, the diaphragm and the second pole piece are stacked in a vertical direction.

As a preferred structure of the present invention, the upper cover includes a first main board and a first fixing portion, and the first fixing portion is connected to the first main board and extends in a direction away from the first main board;

the lower cover includes a second main board and a second fixing part, the second fixing part is connected to the second main board and extends in a direction away from the second main board;

The first fixing part and the second fixing part are oppositely arranged and fixedly connected.

As a preferred structure of the present invention, the first fixing part and/or the second fixing part extend along the horizontal direction.

As a preferred structure of the present invention, both ends of the first main board are provided with the first fixing parts, and both ends of the second main board are provided with the second fixing parts.

As a preferred structure of the present invention, the battery module further includes a collection board, the collection board is located on one side of the battery cell arrangement structure and is vertically arranged, and the collection board is connected to the battery cells respectively. Each of the battery cells in the body arrangement structure is connected.

As a preferred structure of the present invention, the battery module further includes a fireproof member, the fireproof member is arranged vertically, and a plurality of battery cells in the battery cell arrangement structure are provided with explosion-proof valves. The explosion-proof valves of the body-arranged structure all face the fireproof member.

As a preferred structure of the present invention, the battery module includes more than two battery cell arrangement structures, wherein one of the battery cell arrangement structures is the first battery cell arrangement structure, and the other is connected with the first battery cell arrangement structure. The battery cell arrangement structure adjacent to the battery cell arrangement structure is a second battery cell arrangement structure;

The explosion-proof valve of the first battery cell arrangement structure and the explosion-proof valve of the second battery cell arrangement structure face each other, and the fireproof member is located in the first battery cell arrangement structure. between the explosion-proof valve and the explosion-proof valve of the second battery cell arrangement structure.

As a preferred structure of the present invention, the battery module includes more than two battery cell arrangement structures, wherein one of the battery cell arrangement structures is the first battery cell arrangement structure, and the other is connected with the first battery cell arrangement structure. The battery cell arrangement structure adjacent to the battery cell arrangement structure is a second battery cell arrangement structure;

The explosion-proof valve of the first battery cell arrangement structure and the explosion-proof valve of the second battery cell arrangement structure face away from each other;

The fireproof member includes a first fireproof member and a second fireproof member, the explosion-proof valves of the first battery cell arrangement structure all face the first fireproof member, and the second battery cell arrangement structure The explosion-proof valves all face the second fireproof member.

As a preferred structure of the present invention, the battery module includes more than two battery cell arrangement structures, wherein one of the battery cell arrangement structures is the first battery cell arrangement structure, and the other is connected with the first battery cell arrangement structure. The battery cell arrangement structure adjacent to the battery cell arrangement structure is a second battery cell arrangement structure;

The battery module further includes a cooling member disposed between the first battery cell arrangement structure and the second battery cell arrangement structure, the cooling member for cooling the first battery cell The battery cells of the bulk arrangement structure and the battery cells of the second battery cell arrangement structure.

As a preferred structure of the present invention, the battery module includes two or more battery cell arrangement structures arranged along the vertical direction.

Different from the prior art, since the electrode assembly will inevitably expand along the thickness direction of the pole piece during the charging and discharging process (in the electrode assembly of the wound structure, the expansion force is the largest along the direction perpendicular to the flat surface; In the electrode assembly of the sheet structure, the expansion force is the largest along the stacking direction of the first pole piece and the second pole piece). However, in the prior art, in the battery cells of the battery module, the direction in which the electrode assembly exerts the maximum expansion force on the battery case is all toward the horizontal direction. Since the size of the battery module in the horizontal direction is much larger than the size in the vertical direction (for example, limited by the height of the vehicle's chassis, more battery cells need to be stacked in the horizontal direction, and the accumulation of expansion force is large), Therefore, the existing battery module is subjected to a very large expansion force in the horizontal direction, so it is necessary to provide very thick end plates on both sides of the battery module in the horizontal direction to resist the expansion force, and the thick end plate will reduce the energy density of the battery module. . In the above solution, the electrode assembly may use a wound structure or a laminated structure. When the electrode assembly is a wound structure, the flat surface faces the vertical direction. When the electrode assembly is a laminated structure, the first pole piece and the second pole piece are laminated in a vertical direction. It can be seen that, no matter whether the electrode assembly adopts a wound structure or a laminated structure, the direction in which the electrode assembly exerts the maximum expansion force on the battery case faces the vertical direction. Since the direction in which the electrode assembly exerts the maximum expansion force on the battery case is toward the vertical direction, and the number of battery cells stacked in the vertical direction is small. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the above solution can reduce the maximum expansion force of the battery module, so an end plate with a smaller volume can be selected, thereby improving the energy density of the battery module.

To achieve the above purpose, the inventor also provides a battery pack, comprising:

holding box, and

A plurality of battery modules according to any one of the above-mentioned inventors are provided in the accommodating box.

As a preferred structure of the present invention, the upper cover includes a first main board and a first fixing part, the first fixing part is connected to the first main board and extends in a direction away from the first main board, so the lower cover includes a second main board and a second fixing part, the second fixing part is connected to the second main board and extends in a direction away from the second main board;

The accommodating box includes a box cover and a box body, the box body is provided with a fixing beam, the fixing beam protrudes from the surface of the box body, the first fixing part, the second fixing part and the The three fixing beams are arranged opposite to each other, and the first fixing part and the second fixing part are fixed on the fixing beam.

As a preferred structure of the present invention, the first fixing portion is provided with a first fixing hole, the second fixing portion is provided with a second fixing hole, and the battery pack further includes a bolt, the bolt passing through the The first fixing hole is connected with the second fixing hole and the fixing beam to fix the battery module on the box.

As a preferred structure of the present invention, the battery pack further includes a pressing bar, and the first fixing part and the second fixing part are pressed between the pressing bar and the fixing beam, so as to hold the battery The module is fixed on the box body.

Different from the prior art, the electrode assemblies of the battery cells in the battery module in the above-mentioned technical solutions can be of a wound structure or a laminated structure. When the electrode assembly is a wound structure, the flat surface faces the vertical direction. When the electrode assembly is a laminated structure, the first pole piece and the second pole piece are laminated in a vertical direction. It can be seen that, no matter whether the electrode assembly adopts a wound structure or a laminated structure, the direction in which the electrode assembly exerts the maximum expansion force on the battery case faces the vertical direction. Since the direction in which the electrode assembly exerts the maximum expansion force on the battery case is toward the vertical direction, and the number of battery cells stacked in the vertical direction is small. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the above solution can reduce the maximum expansion force of the battery module, so an end plate with a smaller volume can be selected, thereby improving the energy density of the battery module.

Description of drawings

1 is an exploded view of the battery pack according to the specific embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery pack according to the specific embodiment;

3 is an exploded view of the battery module of the single battery cell arrangement structure according to the first embodiment;

4 is an exploded view of a battery module with a single battery cell arrangement structure according to the second embodiment;

5 is an exploded view of a battery module with a single battery cell arrangement structure according to the third embodiment;

6 is an exploded view of a battery module with a single battery cell arrangement structure according to the fourth embodiment;

7 is an exploded view of the battery module with the single-layer and multi-column battery cell arrangement structure according to the fifth embodiment;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the battery module with the single-layer and multi-column battery cell arrangement structure according to the sixth embodiment;

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the battery module of the multi-layer single-row battery cell arrangement structure according to the seventh embodiment;

FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the battery module with the multi-layer and multi-column battery cell arrangement structure according to the eighth embodiment;

11 is an exploded view of the battery module of the multi-layer and multi-column battery cell arrangement structure according to the ninth embodiment;

12 is an exploded view of the battery module of the multi-layer and multi-row battery cell arrangement structure according to the tenth embodiment;

13 is an exploded view of the battery cell arrangement structure according to the specific embodiment;

14 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery cell arrangement structure according to the specific embodiment;

15 is a cross-sectional view of the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion according to an embodiment;

16 is an exploded view of a battery cell of a specific embodiment;

17 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode assembly in a wound structure according to an embodiment;

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode assembly of the embodiment in a laminated structure.

Description of reference numbers:

1. Battery module,

10. Battery cell arrangement structure,

101. The first battery cell arrangement structure,

102. The second battery cell arrangement structure,

11. Battery cell,

111. Electrode assembly,

1111, the first pole piece,

1112, the second pole piece,

1113, diaphragm,

1114, flat surface,

112. Battery housing,

1121, the first surface,

1122, the second surface,

113. Electrode terminal connector,

114, cover plate,

115. Electrode terminals,

116. Explosion-proof valve,

12. Bus bar,

13. Top cover,

130, the first motherboard,

131. The first fixed part,

1311, the first fixing hole,

14. Lower cover,

140, the second motherboard,

141. The second fixed part,

1411, the second fixing hole,

15. Collection board,

16. End plate,

17. Fire protection components,

171. The first fire protection component,

172. Second fire protection member,

18. Cooling components,

2, the box cover,

3, the box,

31. Fixed beam,

4. Press the bar,

5. Bolts.

Detailed ways

In order to describe in detail the technical content, structural features, achieved objectives and effects of the technical solution, the following detailed description is given in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and defined, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or Note that the term "plurality" refers to two or more including two; the terms "connection" and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated Ground connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

In the description of this application, in all drawings, the direction indicated by arrow x is the length direction, the direction indicated by arrow y is the width direction, and the direction indicated by arrow z is the vertical direction. The horizontal direction is a direction parallel to the horizontal plane, and may be the above-mentioned longitudinal direction or the above-mentioned width direction. In addition, the horizontal direction not only includes the direction absolutely parallel to the horizontal plane, but also includes the direction generally parallel to the horizontal plane as conventionally recognized in engineering. The vertical direction is the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the vertical direction includes not only the direction absolutely perpendicular to the horizontal plane, but also the direction generally perpendicular to the horizontal plane as conventionally recognized in engineering. In addition, directional words such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom" described in this application are all to be understood with respect to the vertical direction.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the present embodiment relates to a battery pack, the battery pack includes a accommodating box and a plurality of battery modules 1 arranged in the accommodating box. are arranged in the length direction or the width direction indicated by arrow y), and can also be arranged in the vertical direction (direction indicated by arrow z).

As shown in FIG. 3 , the battery module 1 includes an upper cover 13 and a lower cover 14 . The upper cover 13 includes a first main board 130 and a first fixing portion 131 . The first fixing portion 131 is connected to the first main board 130 and faces away from the first main board 130 . A mainboard 130 extends in the direction, the lower cover 14 includes a second mainboard 140 and a second fixing portion 141 . The second fixing portion 141 is connected to the second mainboard 140 and extends away from the second mainboard 140 . The first fixing portion 131 is connected to the second mainboard 140 . The second fixing parts 141 are oppositely disposed and fixedly connected.

Optionally, the first main board 130 and the first fixing portion 131 are integrally formed, the second main board 140 and the second fixing portion 141 are integrally formed, and the first fixing portion 131 and the second fixing portion 141 are connected by bonding, welding, and mechanically. Either way is fixed to each other.

Optionally, the accommodating box includes a box cover 2 and a box body 3 , and the box body 3 is provided with a plurality of fixing beams 31 . In addition, in other embodiments, the fixing beam 31 may be provided on the box cover 2 . In this embodiment, the fixing beam 31 may be a bottom protruding upward of the box body 3 or a separate component welded to the bottom of the box body 3 . The first fixing part 131 , the second fixing part 141 and the fixing beam 31 are arranged opposite to each other. The first fixing portion 131 is arranged above the second fixing portion 141 , the second fixing portion 141 is arranged above the fixing beam 31 , and both the first fixing portion 131 and the second fixing portion 141 are fixed on the fixing beam 31 . In this way, the battery module 1 is fixed on the fixing beam 31 through the first fixing portion 131 and the second fixing portion 141, so as to ensure the stability of the battery pack during use.

Optionally, the first fixing portion 131 and the second fixing portion 141 are fixed on the fixing beam 31 in the following two fixing manners, but are not limited to the following two fixing manners, and other alternative manners are also possible.

The first fixing method: the first fixing portion 131 is provided with a first fixing hole 1311, the second fixing portion 141 is provided with a second fixing hole 1411, and the battery pack further includes a bolt 5, and the bolt 5 passes through the first fixing hole 1311 and the The second fixing hole 1411 is connected with the fixing beam 31 to fix the battery module 1 on the box body 3 . The second fixing hole 1411 is arranged opposite to the first fixing hole 1311 , and the fixing beam 31 is provided with a nut matched with the bolt 5 .

The second fixing method: the battery pack further includes a pressure strip 4 , and the pressure strip 4 presses the first fixing part 131 and the second fixing part 141 on the fixing beam 31 to fix the battery module 1 on the box body 3 . At this time, the battery module 1 is fixed by the pressing bar 4 .

Optionally, the first fixing portion 131 and/or the second fixing portion 141 extend in a horizontal direction (the length direction indicated by arrow x or the width direction indicated by arrow y), wherein, in some embodiments, the first The fixing portion 131 and the second fixing portion 141 extend along the vertical direction (the direction indicated by the arrow z). Preferably, in this embodiment, the first fixing portion 131 and the second fixing portion 141 extend in the horizontal direction (the length direction indicated by the arrow x or the width direction indicated by the arrow y), so that the assembly difficulty can be reduced.

Optionally, both ends of the first main board 130 are provided with first fixing portions 131 , and both ends of the second main board 140 are provided with second fixing portions 141 . At this time, the installation points of the battery module 1 are distributed at both ends in the horizontal direction (the length direction indicated by the arrow x or the width direction indicated by the arrow y), so that the battery module 1 is installed in the battery pack and receives more uniform force.

Wherein, the first main board 130 may be provided with first fixing portions 131 at both ends along the width direction marked in the figure (as indicated by the arrow y), or may be provided along the length direction marked in the figure (as indicated by the arrow x). Both ends are provided with a first fixing portion 131 . Similarly, the second main board 140 may be provided with second fixing portions 141 at both ends along the width direction marked in the figure (as indicated by the arrow y), or may be along the length direction marked in the figure (as indicated by the arrow x). A second fixing portion 141 is provided on both ends of the .

As shown in FIG. 3 , in the first embodiment, the battery module 1 includes a battery cell arrangement structure 10 , an upper cover 13 , a lower cover 14 , a collection plate 15 and a fireproof member 17 , and the battery cell arrangement structure 10 includes a plurality of batteries The cells 11 and the plurality of bus bars 12 electrically connecting the plurality of battery cells 11 are arranged in the horizontal direction (the length direction indicated by the arrow x or the width direction indicated by the arrow y).

The battery cell arrangement structure 10 is disposed between the upper cover 13 and the lower cover 14 . The collection plate 15 is located on one side of the battery cell arrangement structure 10 and is vertically arranged, and the collection plate 15 is connected to the battery cells 11 in the battery cell arrangement structure 10 . The fireproof member 17 is arranged vertically, and the plurality of battery cells 11 of the battery cell arrangement structure 10 are all provided with explosion-proof valves 116 .

In the first embodiment, only one battery cell arrangement structure 10 is disposed between the upper cover 13 and the lower cover 14 .

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment. In FIG. 4 , the same elements as those shown in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the descriptions of the same structures will not be repeated, and the differences will be mainly explained. . In the second embodiment, the battery module 1 further includes a cooling member 18 . The cooling member 18 extends along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 11 and is used for cooling all the battery cells 11 in the battery cell arrangement structure 10 . In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , the cooling member 18 is vertically disposed and located on one side of the battery cell arrangement structure 10 .

FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment, and FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment. In FIGS. 5 and 6 , the same elements as those shown in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the descriptions of the same structures will not be repeated, and the differences will be mainly described. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the cooling member 18 is arranged horizontally, and the cooling member 18 may be arranged on the upper surface of the battery cell arrangement structure 10 (as shown in FIG. 5 ) or on the lower surface of the battery cell arrangement structure 10 (as shown in FIG. 5 ). 6).

FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment. In FIG. 7 , the same elements as those shown in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the descriptions of the same structures will not be repeated, and the differences will be mainly described. As shown in FIG. 7 , the battery module 1 includes two battery cell arrangement structures 10 (or more than two battery cell arrangement structures 10 ), wherein one battery cell arrangement structure 10 is the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 , another battery cell arrangement structure 10 adjacent to the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 is a second battery cell arrangement structure 102 .

The explosion-proof valve 116 of the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 and the explosion-proof valve 116 of the second battery cell arrangement structure 102 both face the fireproof member 17 , and the fireproof member 17 is located on the explosion-proof valve 116 and the second battery cell arrangement structure 101 . The battery cells are arranged between the explosion-proof valves 116 of the structure 102 . At this time, the fireproof member 17 is disposed between the explosion-proof valve 116 of the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 and the explosion-proof valve 116 of the second battery cell arrangement structure 102 , and the fireproof member 17 connects the batteries of the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 . The cells 11 are separated from the battery cells 11 of the second battery cell arrangement structure 102 to prevent the thermal runaway of the battery cells 11 that have undergone thermal runaway from causing thermal runaway of the adjacent battery cells 11 . The fireproof member 17 is made of high temperature resistant material, and its melting point is greater than 900°C. Preferably, the fireproof member 17 is a mica board.

FIG. 8 shows a sixth embodiment. In FIG. 8 , the same elements as those shown in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the descriptions of the same structures will not be repeated, and the differences will be mainly explained. . As shown in FIG. 8 , the battery module 1 includes two battery cell arrangement structures 10 (or more than two battery cell arrangement structures 10 ), wherein one battery cell arrangement structure 10 is the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 , another battery cell arrangement structure 10 adjacent to the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 is a second battery cell arrangement structure 102 . The explosion-proof valve 116 of the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 and the explosion-proof valve 116 of the second battery cell arrangement structure 102 face away from each other.

The fireproof member 17 includes a first fireproof member 171 and a second fireproof member 172 , the explosion-proof valves 116 of the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 all face the first fireproof member 171 , and the explosion-proof valves 116 of the second battery cell arrangement structure 102 all face to the first fireproof member 171 . The second fire protection member 172 . At this time, the explosion-proof valve 116 of the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 faces the first fireproof member 171 in one direction, while the explosion-proof valve 116 of the second battery cell arrangement structure 102 faces the second fireproof member 116 in the other direction. Component 172, the battery cells 11 of the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 and the battery cells 11 of the second battery cell 11 structure do not interfere with each other. The fireproof member 17 is made of high temperature resistant material, and its melting point is greater than 900°C. Preferably, the fireproof member 17 is a mica board.

The battery module 1 further includes a cooling member 18 , the cooling member 18 is disposed between the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 and the second battery cell arrangement structure 102 , and the cooling member 18 is used for cooling the batteries of the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 For the battery cells 11 of the battery cell 11 and the second battery cell arrangement structure 102 , at this time, one cooling member 18 can be saved.

FIG. 9 shows a seventh embodiment. In FIG. 9 , the same elements as those shown in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the descriptions of the same structures are not repeated, and the differences are mainly explained. . As shown in FIG. 9 , the battery module 1 includes two or more battery cell arrangement structures 10 arranged in a vertical direction (direction indicated by arrow z). The battery cell arrangement structures 10 in two vertical directions (directions indicated by arrow z) can share a fireproof member 17 and a cooling member 18 at the same time.

Fig. 10 shows an eighth embodiment. In Fig. 10, the same elements as those shown in Fig. 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the descriptions of the same structures are not repeated, and the differences are mainly explained. . As shown in FIG. 10 , the battery module 1 includes two battery cell arrangement structures 10 (or more than two battery cell arrangement structures 10 ), wherein one battery cell arrangement structure 10 is the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 , another battery cell arrangement structure 10 adjacent to the first battery cell arrangement structure 101 is a second battery cell arrangement structure 102 .

The fireproof member 17 includes a first fireproof member 171 and a second fireproof member 172. The explosion-proof valves 116 of the two first battery cell arrangement structures 101 in two vertical directions (directions indicated by arrow z) face the first fireproof member 171 , the explosion-proof valves 116 of the two second battery cell arrangement structures 102 in the two vertical directions (directions indicated by arrow z) both face the second fireproof member 172 . The fireproof member 17 is made of high temperature resistant material, and its melting point is greater than 900°C. Preferably, the fireproof member 17 is a mica board.

FIG. 11 shows a ninth embodiment. In FIG. 11 , the same elements as those shown in FIG. 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the descriptions of the same structures will not be repeated, and the differences will be mainly explained. . As shown in FIG. 11 , the battery module 1 includes two or more first battery cell arrangement structures 101 arranged in a vertical direction (direction indicated by arrow z), and two or more first battery cell arrangement structures 101 arranged in a vertical direction (direction indicated by arrow z) More than two second battery cell arrangement structures 102 .

The explosion-proof valves 116 of the two or more first battery cell arrangement structures 101 arranged in the vertical direction (the direction indicated by the arrow z) all face the first fireproof member 171, and the explosion-proof valves 116 arranged in the vertical direction (the direction indicated by the arrow z) The explosion-proof valves 116 of the two or more second battery cell arrangement structures 102 all face the second fireproof member 172 .

Fig. 12 shows the tenth embodiment. In Fig. 12, the same elements as those shown in Fig. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the descriptions of the same structures are not repeated, and the differences are mainly explained. . As shown in FIG. 12 , the battery module 1 includes two or more first battery cell arrangement structures 101 arranged in the vertical direction (the direction indicated by the arrow z), and two or more first battery cell arrangement structures 101 arranged in the vertical direction (the direction indicated by the arrow z) More than two second battery cell arrangement structures 102 .

In other embodiments, the battery module (1) includes two or more battery cell arrangement structures 10 arranged in a vertical direction (direction indicated by arrow z). The battery cell arrangement structure 10 in the vertical direction (direction indicated by arrow z) is not limited to two layers, and may also have more than two layers, such as three layers, four layers, and the like. The battery cell arrangement structure 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 11 , and the plurality of battery cells 11 are arranged in a horizontal direction (the length direction indicated by the arrow x or the width direction indicated by the arrow y). The plurality of battery cells 11 in the horizontal direction (the length direction indicated by the arrow x or the width direction indicated by the arrow y) can be arranged at intervals, not necessarily close to each other, and can also be arranged at a certain distance. within the scope of protection.

As shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 , in this embodiment, the battery cell arrangement structure 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 11 and a plurality of bus bars 12 electrically connected to the plurality of battery cells 11 . They are arranged in the horizontal direction (the length direction indicated by the arrow x or the width direction indicated by the arrow y). The collection plate 15 is located on one side of the battery cell arrangement structure 10 and is vertically arranged, and the collection plate 15 is connected to the battery cells 11 in the battery cell arrangement structure 10 .

In this embodiment, the battery cell arrangement structure 10 further includes two end plates 16, and the two end plates 16 are respectively located in the horizontal direction of the plurality of battery cells 11 (the length direction indicated by the arrow x or the width indicated by the arrow y). direction) at both ends of the arrangement.

In a specific embodiment, the side surfaces of the battery cells 11 are glued to the adjacent battery cells 11 , and end plates 16 are provided at both ends of the plurality of battery cells 11 to form the battery cell arrangement structure 10 . The battery cells 11 and the battery cells 11 are electrically connected through the bus bars 12 , and a collection plate 15 is provided at the position of the bus bars 12 of the battery cell arrangement structure 10 . The battery cell arrangement structure 10 is laid flat on the lower cover 14 , the battery cell arrangement structure 10 is fixed with the lower cover 14 by structural adhesive, and the upper surface of the battery cell arrangement structure 10 is fixed with the upper cover 13 by the structural adhesive. Both sides of the upper cover 13 and the lower cover 14 protrude from the first fixing portion 131 and the second fixing portion 141 .

As shown in FIG. 15 , the first fixing portion 131 and the second fixing portion 141 are fixed to each other by bonding. It should be noted that the cross-sectional shapes of the first fixing portion 131 and the second fixing portion 141 are U-shape, V-shape, L-shape Shape, Z shape, any one or a combination of them.

As shown in FIG. 16 , the battery cell 11 includes an electrode assembly 111 , a battery case 112 , an electrode terminal connector 113 , and a cover plate 114 . The battery case 112 may have a hexahedral shape or other shapes. The battery case 112 has an inner space that accommodates the electrode assembly 111 and the electrolyte, and the battery case 112 has an opening. The electrode assembly 111 is accommodated in the battery case 112 , the cover plate 114 covers the opening and is used to enclose the electrode assembly 111 in the battery case 112 , and the electrode assembly 111 and the electrode terminal 115 are electrically connected through the electrode terminal connector 113 . In this embodiment, there are two electrode terminal connecting members 113 , namely, the positive terminal connecting member 113 and the negative terminal connecting member 113 respectively. The battery case 112 may be fabricated from materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloys, or plastic.

The electrode assembly 111 is accommodated in the battery case 112 , and the electrode assembly 111 includes a first pole piece 1111 , a second pole piece 1112 , and a separator 1113 disposed between the first pole piece 1111 and the second pole piece 1112 . The first pole piece 1111 may be a positive pole piece or a negative pole piece, and the second pole piece 1112 and the first pole piece 1111 have opposite polarities. Correspondingly, the second pole piece 1112 is a negative pole piece or a positive pole piece. The diaphragm 1113 is an insulator between the first pole piece 1111 and the second pole piece 1112 . The electrode assembly 111 may be a rolled structure (as shown in FIG. 17 ) or a laminated structure (as shown in FIG. 18 ).

By way of example, the first pole piece 1111 is a positive pole piece and the second pole piece 1112 is a negative pole piece for description. Similarly, in other embodiments, the first pole piece 1111 can also be a negative pole piece, and the second pole piece 1112 can be a positive pole piece. In addition, the positive electrode active material is coated on the coated area of the positive electrode sheet, and the negative electrode active material is coated on the coated area of the negative electrode sheet. The uncoated area extending from the coated area is used as a tab. The electrode assembly 111 includes two tabs, namely a positive tab and a negative tab. The positive tab extends from the coated area of the positive electrode; the negative tab extends from the The coated area extends out. The positive tab and the positive electrode terminal are electrically connected through the positive terminal connecting piece 113 , and the negative tab and the negative electrode terminal are electrically connected through the negative terminal connecting piece 113 .

The battery case 112 has a substantially hexahedral structure. The battery case 112 includes two first surfaces 1121 and two second surfaces 1122 . The area of the first surfaces 1121 is larger than that of the second surfaces 1122 . In the battery module 1 , the two second surfaces 1122 of each battery cell 11 face each other in a horizontal direction (eg, the length direction of the direction indicated by the arrow x), and the two first surfaces 1121 of each battery cell 11 They face each other in the vertical direction (direction indicated by arrow z).

As shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 , when the electrode assembly 111 is a rolled structure, the electrode assembly 111 is flat, and the outer surface of the electrode assembly 111 includes two flat surfaces 1114 , both of which are vertically The directions (directions indicated by arrow z) face each other, that is, the flat surface 1114 and the first surface 1121 face each other. The electrode assembly 111 has a substantially hexahedral structure, and the flat surface 1114 is substantially parallel to the winding axis and is the outer surface with the largest area. Flat surface 1114 may be a relatively flat surface, and is not required to be a pure plane.

As shown in FIG. 18 , when the electrode assembly 111 is a laminated structure, the first pole piece 1111 , the diaphragm 1113 and the second pole piece 1112 are stacked in the vertical direction (the direction indicated by the arrow z), that is, the first pole piece 1111 and the first surface 1121 face each other.

During the charging and discharging process, the electrode assembly 111 will inevitably expand along the thickness direction of the first pole piece 1111 (in the electrode assembly 111 of the wound structure, the expansion force is the largest along the direction perpendicular to the flat surface 1114; In the electrode assembly 111 of the type structure, the expansion force is the largest along the stacking direction of the first pole piece 1111 and the second pole piece 1112).

In this embodiment, the electrode assembly 111 can be a wound structure or a laminated structure. When the electrode assembly 111 is a wound structure, the flat surface 1114 faces the vertical direction (the direction indicated by the arrow z). When the electrode assembly 111 is a laminated structure, the first pole piece 1111 and the second pole piece 1112 are laminated along the vertical direction (the direction indicated by the arrow z). It can be seen that, no matter whether the electrode assembly 111 adopts a wound structure or a laminated structure, the direction in which the electrode assembly 111 exerts the maximum expansion force on the battery case 112 is directed towards the vertical direction.

However, in the prior art, in the battery cells 11 of the battery module 1, the direction in which the electrode assembly 111 exerts the maximum expansion force on the battery case 112 is in the horizontal direction. The size of the direction is much larger (for example, due to the limitation of the height of the vehicle chassis, more battery cells 11 need to be stacked in the horizontal direction, and the accumulation of expansion force is large), therefore, the existing battery module 1 is subjected to the horizontal direction. The expansion force is very large, so it is necessary to provide very thick end plates on both sides of the battery module 1 in the horizontal direction to resist the expansion force, and thickening the end plates will reduce the energy density of the battery module 1 . However, in this embodiment, the direction in which the electrode assembly 111 exerts the maximum expansion force on the battery case 112 is in the vertical direction, and the number of battery cells 11 stacked in the vertical direction is small. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the The maximum expansion force of the battery module 1 can be greatly reduced.

In addition, since the battery cells 11 also generate gas inside the battery case 112 during the charging and discharging process, the generated gas will exert a force on the battery case 112 , thereby increasing the outward expansion of the battery case 112 . Since the area of the first surface 1121 of the present application is larger than that of the second surface 1122 , and the two first surfaces 1121 in the battery cell 11 face each other in the vertical direction, the generated gas exerts an effect on the battery case 112 . The direction of maximum force is also towards the vertical direction. Compared with the prior art, the maximum expansion force of the battery module 1 is further reduced.

It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described herein, it does not limit the scope of the patent protection of the present invention. Therefore, based on the innovative concept of the present invention, changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein, or equivalent structures or equivalent process transformations made by using the contents of the description and accompanying drawings of the present invention, directly or indirectly apply the above technologies The application of the solution in other related technical fields is included in the protection scope of the patent for this utility model.

Claims (14)

1. A battery module, characterized in that, comprising: a battery cell arrangement structure (10), the battery cell arrangement structure (10) comprising a plurality of battery cells (11) and a plurality of bus bars (12) electrically connecting the plurality of battery cells (11), The plurality of battery cells (11) are arranged in a horizontal direction; an upper cover (13); and a lower cover (14), the battery cell arrangement structure (10) is disposed between the upper cover (13) and the lower cover (14); Wherein, the battery cell (11) includes an electrode assembly (111) and a battery case (112), the electrode assembly (111) is accommodated in the battery case (112), and the electrode assembly (111) comprising a first pole piece (1111), a second pole piece (1112) and a diaphragm (1113) arranged between the first pole piece (1111) and the second pole piece (1112); The electrode assembly (111) has a rolled structure and is flat, and the outer surface of the electrode assembly (111) includes two flat surfaces (1114), and the two flat surfaces (1114) are mutually in a vertical direction. facing; or, the electrode assembly (111) is a laminated structure, and the first pole piece (1111), the separator (1113) and the second pole piece (1112) are stacked in a vertical direction. 2 . The battery module according to claim 1 , wherein the upper cover ( 13 ) comprises a first main board ( 130 ) and a first fixing part ( 131 ), and the first fixing part ( 131 ) is connected to the the first main board (130) extends in a direction away from the first main board (130); The lower cover (14) includes a second main board (140) and a second fixing part (141), the second fixing part (141) is connected to the second main board (140) and faces away from the second main board (140) direction extension; The first fixing part (131) and the second fixing part (141) are oppositely arranged and fixedly connected. 3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the first fixing portion (131) and/or the second fixing portion (141) extend along the horizontal direction. 4. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that: both ends of the first main board (130) are provided with the first fixing parts (131), and both ends of the second main board (140) are provided with the first fixing parts (131). Both ends are provided with the second fixing portion (141). 5 . The battery module according to claim 1 , wherein the battery module ( 1 ) further comprises a collection board ( 15 ), and the collection board ( 15 ) is located on the side of the battery cell arrangement structure ( 10 ). 6 . One side is arranged vertically, and the collecting plate (15) is connected with the battery cells (11) in the battery cell arrangement structure (10). The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: the battery module (1) further comprises a fireproof member (17), the fireproof member (17) is arranged vertically, and the battery cell arrangement structure ( 10) The plurality of battery cells (11) are provided with explosion-proof valves (116), and all the explosion-proof valves (116) of the battery cell arrangement structure (10) face the fireproof member (17) . 7. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein the battery module (1) comprises more than two battery cell arrangement structures (10), wherein one of the battery cell arrangement structures (10) is a first battery cell arrangement structure (101), and another battery cell arrangement structure (10) adjacent to the first battery cell arrangement structure (101) is a second battery cell arrangement structure (102); The explosion-proof valve (116) of the first battery cell arrangement structure (101) and the explosion-proof valve (116) of the second battery cell arrangement structure (102) face each other, and the fireproof member ( 17) It is located between the explosion-proof valve (116) of the first battery cell arrangement structure (101) and the explosion-proof valve (116) of the second battery cell arrangement structure (102). 8. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein the battery module (1) comprises more than two battery cell arrangement structures (10), wherein one of the battery cell arrangement structures (10) is a first battery cell arrangement structure (101), and another battery cell arrangement structure (10) adjacent to the first battery cell arrangement structure (101) is a second battery cell arrangement structure (102); The explosion-proof valve (116) of the first battery cell arrangement structure (101) and the explosion-proof valve (116) of the second battery cell arrangement structure (102) face away from each other; The fireproof member (17) includes a first fireproof member (171) and a second fireproof member (172), and the explosion-proof valves (116) of the first battery cell arrangement structure (101) all face the first fireproof member (172). The fireproof member (171), the explosion-proof valve (116) of the second battery cell arrangement structure (102) all face the second fireproof member (172). 9. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: the battery module (1) comprises more than two battery cell arrangement structures (10), wherein one of the battery cell arrangement structures (10) is a first battery cell arrangement structure (101), and another battery cell arrangement structure (10) adjacent to the first battery cell arrangement structure (101) is a second battery cell arrangement structure (102); The battery module (1) further comprises a cooling member (18), and the cooling member (18) is arranged between the first battery cell arrangement structure (101) and the second battery cell arrangement structure (102). During this time, the cooling member (18) is used for cooling the battery cells (11) of the first battery cell arrangement structure (101) and the batteries of the second battery cell arrangement structure (102). Monomer (11). 10. The battery module according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: the battery module (1) comprises two or more of the battery cell arrangement structures (10) arranged along the vertical direction ). 11. A battery pack, comprising: holding box, and A plurality of battery modules (1) according to any one of claims 1-10 are provided in the accommodating box. 12. The battery pack according to claim 11, wherein the upper cover (13) comprises a first main board (130) and a first fixing part (131), and the first fixing part (131) is connected to the The first main board (130) extends in a direction away from the first main board (130), the lower cover (14) includes a second main board (140) and a second fixing part (141), the second main board (140) The fixing part (141) is connected to the second main board (140) and extends in a direction away from the second main board (140); The accommodating box includes a box cover (2) and a box body (3), the box body (3) is provided with a fixing beam (31), and the fixing beam (31) protrudes out of the box body (3). surface, the first fixing part (131), the second fixing part (141) and the fixing beam (31) are arranged opposite to each other, the first fixing part (131) and the second fixing part (141) is fixed on the fixing beam (31). 13. The battery pack according to claim 12, wherein the first fixing portion (131) is provided with a first fixing hole (1311), and the second fixing portion (141) is provided with a second fixing hole (1411), the battery pack further includes a bolt (5), the bolt (5) passing through the first fixing hole (1311) and the second fixing hole (1411) and connecting with the fixing beam (31) ) connection to fix the battery module (1) on the box (3). 14. The battery pack according to claim 12, characterized in that: the battery pack further comprises a bead (4), wherein the first fixing portion (131) and the second fixing portion (141) are pressed against each other. between the pressing strip (4) and the fixing beam (31), so as to fix the battery module (1) on the box body (3).