CN209429146U - A kind of side slope and slope drainage structure - Google Patents
A kind of side slope and slope drainage structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN209429146U CN209429146U CN201920011758.3U CN201920011758U CN209429146U CN 209429146 U CN209429146 U CN 209429146U CN 201920011758 U CN201920011758 U CN 201920011758U CN 209429146 U CN209429146 U CN 209429146U
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- slopes
- side slope
- ditch
- slope
- water pipe
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
Landscapes
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to slope drainage technical fields, and disclose a kind of side slope and slope drainage structure, including side slope ontology, buffer platform is provided in the middle part of the side slope ontology, sandy gravel stratum is provided at the top of the side slope ontology, the bottom of the sandy gravel stratum is provided with slopes filter layer, and the bottom of the slopes filter layer is provided with slopes geotextiles, and the bottom of the slopes geotextiles is provided with slopes permeable layer.The side slope and slope drainage structure, sandy gravel stratum is spread by the surface of side slope ontology, for increasing the intensity on side slope surface, filter layer is used to filter moisture, make the more smooth downward circulation of water, slopes geotextiles are used to that moisture is enable to permeate downwards, facilitate construction simultaneously, multiple water seepage holes are offered on permeable layer, facilitate and moisture is directed in aquifer, then the moisture permeated is passed in drainpipe by the V-shaped side on bottom edge, then flows into reservoir, has achieved the purpose that side slope is facilitated to be drained.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to slope drainage technical field, specially a kind of side slope and slope drainage structure.
Background technique
Side slope refers to guarantee subgrade stability, in the slope surface with certain slope that roadbed two sides are made into, by the origin cause of formation point
Class: Artificial Side-slope and natural slope can be divided into；Classify by formation lithology: soil-slope and rock side slope can be divided into, a: by rock stratum
Structure is divided into: 1 layer structure side slope, 2 block structure side slopes, 3 reticular structure side slopes；B: by the relation of rock stratum tendency and slope aspect
Are as follows: 1 forward side slope, 2 reversed side slopes, 3 vertical side slopes classifies by service life: can be divided into permanent side slope and provisional side slope.
Side slope in the prior art have the function of can effective guarantee subgrade stability, but existing side slope mostly be using
Concrete and stone material carry out protection side slope, ponding are easy in slope, and do not have discharge structure, it has not been convenient to arrange the ponding in side slope
Out, with using the increase of time to be easy to cause protective layer mobile, it seriously also will cause collapsing, there are security risks, so existing
It solves the above problems proposing a kind of side slope and slope drainage structure.
Summary of the invention
(1) the technical issues of solving
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of side slope and slope drainage structure, has and facilitates row
Out the advantages that ponding in side slope, solves and be easy ponding in prior art slope, and there is no discharge structure, it has not been convenient to will be in side slope
Ponding discharge the problem of.
(2) technical solution
To realize the above-mentioned purpose for facilitating the ponding in discharge side slope, the utility model is provided the following technical solutions: a kind of
Side slope and slope drainage structure, including side slope ontology are provided with buffer platform, the side slope ontology in the middle part of the side slope ontology
Top be provided with sandy gravel stratum, the bottom of the sandy gravel stratum is provided with slopes filter layer, the bottom setting of the slopes filter layer
There are slopes geotextiles, the bottom of the slopes geotextiles is provided with slopes permeable layer, the fixed peace in the bottom of the slopes permeable layer
Equipped with aquifer, it is provided with slopes boundary layer on the left of the side slope ontology, offers intercepting ditch at the top of the slopes boundary layer, institute
Two side bottoms for stating intercepting ditch are fixedly installed with ditch drainpipe, and the bottom of the side slope ontology is provided with basic ground, described
The right side opening of basic ground is equipped with reservoir, and the inside of the reservoir is fixedly installed with filter screen, the right side of the reservoir
Discharge outlet is offered, the top right side of the basic ground offers gutter, is fixedly installed with building at the top of the sandy gravel stratum
Ladder, the inner wall of the ditch drainpipe are provided with water pipe filter layer, and the inner wall of the water pipe filter layer is provided with water pipe protective layer,
The water pipe protective layer is internally provided with water pipe permeable layer, and multiple seepage mouths, the water are offered on the water pipe permeable layer
Water pipe discharge outlet is offered between the bottom and water pipe protective layer of pipe permeable layer.
Preferably, the bottom of the slopes boundary layer is fixedly connected on the top of basic ground, the top of the sandy gravel stratum with
The top of intercepting ditch is parallel.
Preferably, the quantity of the ditch drainpipe is two, and is evenly arranged in the both ends of intercepting ditch, the ditch row
The inside of side slope ontology is arranged in water pipe, and the top of the ditch drainpipe is fixedly connected with the bottom of intercepting ditch, the ditch
The bottom end of drainpipe is fixedly connected with the bottom of reservoir.
Preferably, the quantity of the stair is two, and is evenly arranged between two ditch drainpipes, the stair
Top is fixedly connected with intercepting ditch, and the bottom of the stair is fixedly connected with gutter.
Preferably, the aquifer is made of the quadrangle that multiple bottom edges are V-shaped, and the fixed peace in the middle part of quadrangle
Equipped with slopes drainpipe, the bottom end of the slopes drainpipe is fixedly connected with reservoir.
Preferably, the filter screen is fixedly mounted on the middle part of reservoir, and the discharge outlet is fixedly mounted on basic ground
One end of the bottom on right side, the discharge outlet is connected with reservoir.
(3) beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the utility model provides a kind of side slope and slope drainage structure, has following beneficial to effect
Fruit:
1, the side slope and slope drainage structure spread sandy gravel stratum by the surface of side slope ontology and are used to increase side slope surface
Intensity, filter layer are used to filter moisture, make the more smooth downward circulation of water, and slopes geotextiles are used to that moisture is enable to seep downwards
Thoroughly, while facilitating construction, multiple water seepage holes are offered on permeable layer, facilitates and moisture is directed in aquifer, it then will infiltration
The moisture to get off is passed in drainpipe by the V-shaped side on bottom edge, then flow into reservoir in, reached facilitate side slope into
The purpose of row draining.
2, the side slope and slope drainage structure can effectively prevent heavy rain to draw by the intercepting ditch at the top of slopes boundary layer
Impact of the water flow of hair to slopes, reduces the damage to slopes, and ditch drainpipe is used to the water in intercepting ditch draining into water storage
Chi Zhong prevents excess moisture in intercepting ditch from overflowing, then ditch drainpipe is buried in the inside of slopes, pass through water pipe filter layer
Foreign matter can be blocked on the outside of hose nozzle, prevent water-pipe blockage, water pipe protective layer can protect water pipe not by the pressure of soil
It destroys, the moisture in soil is further drained by the seepage mouth on water pipe permeable layer, moisture and infiltration in intercepting ditch
In from water pipe discharge outlet water conservancy diversion to aquifer pond, it can accomplish the water effective in soil to the moisture in the drainpipe of ditch thoroughly
The purpose of discharge.
Detailed description of the invention
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the utility model schematic structural cross-sectional view；
Fig. 3 is the utility model structure schematic top plan view；
Fig. 4 is the utility model partial storage layer structure enlargement diagram
Fig. 5 is the utility model ditch drainpipe cross-sectional structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the utility model part A structure enlargement diagram.
In figure: 1, side slope ontology；2, buffer platform；3, aquifer；4, slopes permeable layer；5, slopes geotextiles；6, slopes
Filter layer；7, sandy gravel stratum；8, intercepting ditch；9, slopes boundary layer；10, discharge outlet；11, gutter；12, basic ground；13, slopes are arranged
Water pipe；14, ditch drainpipe；15, reservoir；16, filter screen；17, stair；18, water pipe discharge outlet；19, seepage mouth；20, water
Pipe permeable layer；21, water pipe filter layer；22, water pipe protective layer.
Specific embodiment
The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, carries out the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model
Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than whole
Embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are without making creative work
Every other embodiment obtained, fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
Please refer to Fig. 1-6, a kind of side slope and slope drainage structure, including side slope ontology 1, the middle part setting of side slope ontology 1
There is buffer platform 2, buffer platform 2 is used to buffer water defluent at the top of side slope, water speed is reduced, side slope ontology 1
Top is provided with sandy gravel stratum 7, and the bottom of sandy gravel stratum 7 is provided with slopes filter layer 6, and the bottom of slopes filter layer 6 is provided with slopes
Geotextiles 5, the bottom of slopes geotextiles 5 are provided with slopes permeable layer 4, and the bottom of slopes permeable layer 4 is fixedly installed with aquifer
3, sandy gravel stratum 7 is spread on the surface of side slope ontology 1, and for increasing the intensity on side slope surface, slopes filter layer 6 is used to filter moisture,
Make the more smooth downward circulation of water, slopes geotextiles 5 are used to that moisture is enable to permeate downwards, while facilitating construction, slopes infiltration
The middle part of layer 4 offers multiple water seepage holes, facilitates and moisture is directed in aquifer 3, and aquifer 3 is used to the water that will be permeated
Divide and collect and be discharged by slopes drainpipe 13, the left side of side slope ontology 1 is provided with slopes boundary layer 9, and the top of slopes boundary layer 9 is opened
Equipped with intercepting ditch 8, two side bottoms of intercepting ditch 8 are fixedly installed with ditch drainpipe 14, by the way that 9 top of slopes boundary layer is arranged in
Intercepting ditch 8, impact of the water flow that heavy rain can be effectively prevent to cause to slopes, reduces the damage to slopes, ditch drainpipe 14
For draining into the water in intercepting ditch 8 in reservoir 15, prevent excess moisture in intercepting ditch 8 from overflowing, the bottom of side slope ontology 1
It is provided with basic ground 12, the right side opening of substrate surface 12 is equipped with reservoir 15, and the inside of reservoir 15 is fixedly installed with filtering
The right side opening of net 16, reservoir 15 is equipped with discharge outlet 10, and the top right side of basic ground 12 offers gutter 11, reservoir 15
For storing the moisture being discharged from ditch drainpipe 14 and slopes drainpipe 13, then it is discharged by discharge outlet 10, filter screen 16
Flowing water in reservoir 15 can be filtered, increase the service life of discharge outlet 10 and reservoir 15, the top of sandy gravel stratum 7
Stair 17 are fixedly installed with, stair 17 are used to maintain easily the maintenance that personnel carry out side slope, the inner wall setting of ditch drainpipe 14
There is water pipe filter layer 21, the inner wall of water pipe filter layer 21 is provided with water pipe protective layer 22, and water pipe protective layer 22 is internally provided with
Water pipe permeable layer 20 offers multiple seepage mouths 19, the bottom of water pipe permeable layer 20 and water pipe protective layer on water pipe permeable layer 20
Water pipe discharge outlet 18 is offered between 22, ditch drainpipe 14 is buried in the inside of slopes, water pipe filter layer 21 is used to will be different
Object is blocked on the outside of hose nozzle, prevents water-pipe blockage, and water pipe protective layer 22 is used to that water pipe is protected not destroyed by the pressure of soil, soil
Moisture in earth is discharged by the seepage mouth 19 on water pipe permeable layer 20, increases the drainage effect of side slope, the moisture in intercepting ditch 8
With the moisture that penetrates into ditch drainpipe 14 out of water pipe discharge outlet 18 water conservancy diversion to reservoir 15, can accomplish will be in soil
The purpose of water effective discharge.
Specifically, the bottom of slopes boundary layer 9 is fixedly connected on the top of basic ground 12, the top of sandy gravel stratum 7 with intercept water
The top of ditch 8 is parallel, and side slope ontology 1 is in inclined design, can effectively drain into water in reservoir 15 and gutter 11, increases
The drainage effect on edged slope.
Specifically, the quantity of ditch drainpipe 14 is two, and the both ends of intercepting ditch 8 are evenly arranged in, ditch drainpipe
14 are arranged in the inside of side slope ontology 1, and the top of ditch drainpipe 14 is fixedly connected with the bottom of intercepting ditch 8, ditch drainpipe
14 bottom end is fixedly connected with the bottom of reservoir 15, and the water in intercepting ditch 8 can be discharged to reservoir by ditch drainpipe 14
In 15, while the moisture penetration in soil can be drained into reservoir 15 by ditch drainpipe 14, reached effective side slope and carried out
The purpose of draining.
Specifically, the quantity of stair 17 is two, and it is evenly arranged between two ditch drainpipes 14, the top of stair 17
Portion is fixedly connected with intercepting ditch 8, and the bottom of stair 17 is fixedly connected with gutter 11, and stair 17 are used to facilitate side slope maintenance personnel
Upper to arrive at the top of side slope, side slope is safeguarded.
Specifically, aquifer 3 is made of the quadrangle that multiple bottom edges are V-shaped, and the middle part of quadrangle is fixedly mounted
There is slopes drainpipe 13, the bottom end of slopes drainpipe 13 is fixedly connected with reservoir 15, and the moisture in reservoir 15 passes through bottom edge
V-shaped side be passed in drainpipe 13, then flow into reservoir 15 in, facilitate side slope to be drained.
Specifically, filter screen 16 is fixedly mounted on the middle part of reservoir 15, discharge outlet 10 is fixedly mounted on basic ground 12
One end of the bottom on right side, discharge outlet 10 is connected with reservoir 15, and filter screen 16 is used to filter the sundries in reservoir 15, prevents
Only reservoir 15 and discharge outlet 10 block, and the water in reservoir 15 is discharged from discharge outlet 10, can be effectively by the moisture in side slope
Discharge.
Working principle: instantly when raining heavyly, by the way that the intercepting ditch 8 at 9 top of slopes boundary layer is arranged in, heavy rain can be effectively prevent
Impact of the water flow of initiation to slopes, reduces the damage to slopes, and ditch drainpipe 14 is used to drain into the water in intercepting ditch 8
In reservoir 15, prevent excess moisture in intercepting ditch 8 from overflowing, reservoir 15 is used to store from ditch drainpipe 14 and slopes draining
Then the moisture that pipe 13 is discharged is discharged by discharge outlet 10, filter screen 16 is used to for flowing water in reservoir 15 being filtered,
Accomplish that effective side slope is drained.
In conclusion the side slope and slope drainage structure, spread sandy gravel stratum 7 by the surface of side slope ontology 1, for increasing
The intensity on side slope surface, slopes filter layer 6 are used to filter moisture, make the more smooth downward circulation of water, and slopes geotextiles 5 are used to make
Moisture can permeate downwards, while facilitate construction, and multiple water seepage holes are offered on slopes permeable layer 4, facilitates and is directed to moisture
In aquifer 3, the moisture permeated is passed in drainpipe 13 by the V-shaped side on bottom edge then, then flows into water storage
In pond 15, achieve the purpose that side slope is facilitated to be drained.
Also, by the intercepting ditch 8 at 9 top of slopes boundary layer, the water flow that heavy rain can be effectively prevent to cause is to slopes
Impact reduces the damage to slopes, and ditch drainpipe 14 is used to drain into the water in intercepting ditch 8 in reservoir 15, prevents from cutting
Excess moisture is overflowed in ditch 8, then ditch drainpipe 14 is buried in the inside of slopes, can be incited somebody to action by water pipe filter layer 21
Foreign matter is blocked on the outside of hose nozzle, prevents water-pipe blockage, and water pipe protective layer 22 can protect water pipe and not destroyed by the pressure of soil,
Moisture in soil is further drained by the seepage mouth 19 on water pipe permeable layer 20, moisture and infiltration in intercepting ditch 8
It can accomplish out of water pipe discharge outlet 18 water conservancy diversion to reservoir 15 by the moisture in soil to the moisture in ditch drainpipe 14 thoroughly
The purpose being effectively discharged.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any actual relationship or order or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
There is also other identical elements in process, method, article or equipment including the element.
While there has been shown and described that the embodiments of the present invention, for the ordinary skill in the art,
It is understood that these embodiments can be carried out with a variety of variations in the case where not departing from the principles of the present invention and spirit, repaired
Change, replacement and variant, the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and the equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of side slope and slope drainage structure, including side slope ontology (1), it is characterised in that: the middle part of the side slope ontology (1)
It is provided with buffer platform (2), is provided with sandy gravel stratum (7) at the top of the side slope ontology (1), the bottom of the sandy gravel stratum (7) is set
It is equipped with slopes filter layer (6), the bottom of the slopes filter layer (6) is provided with slopes geotextiles (5), the slopes geotextiles
(5) bottom is provided with slopes permeable layer (4), and the bottom of the slopes permeable layer (4) is fixedly installed with aquifer (3), described
It is provided on the left of side slope ontology (1) slopes boundary layer (9), is offered intercepting ditch (8) at the top of the slopes boundary layer (9), it is described
Two side bottoms of intercepting ditch (8) are fixedly installed with ditch drainpipe (14), and the bottom of the side slope ontology (1) is with being provided with base
The right side opening in face (12), the basic ground (12) is equipped with reservoir (15), and the inside of the reservoir (15) is fixedly installed with
The right side opening of filter screen (16), the reservoir (15) is equipped with discharge outlet (10), and the top right side of the basic ground (12) is opened
It equipped with gutter (11), is fixedly installed with stair (17) at the top of the sandy gravel stratum (7), the inner wall of the ditch drainpipe (14)
It is provided with water pipe filter layer (21), the inner wall of the water pipe filter layer (21) is provided with water pipe protective layer (22), and the water pipe is protected
Sheath (22) is internally provided with water pipe permeable layer (20), offers multiple seepage mouths (19) on the water pipe permeable layer (20),
Water pipe discharge outlet (18) are offered between the bottom and water pipe protective layer (22) of the water pipe permeable layer (20).
2. a kind of side slope according to claim 1 and slope drainage structure, it is characterised in that: the slopes boundary layer (9)
Bottom is fixedly connected on the top of basic ground (12), and the top of the sandy gravel stratum (7) is parallel with the top of intercepting ditch (8).
3. a kind of side slope according to claim 1 and slope drainage structure, it is characterised in that: the ditch drainpipe (14)
Quantity be two, the ditch drainpipe (14) is arranged on the inside of side slope ontology (1), the top of the ditch drainpipe (14)
End is fixedly connected with the bottom of intercepting ditch (8), the fixed company in the bottom end of the ditch drainpipe (14) and the bottom of reservoir (15)
It connects.
4. a kind of side slope according to claim 1 and slope drainage structure, it is characterised in that: the quantity of the stair (17)
It is two, and is evenly arranged between two ditch drainpipes (14), the top and intercepting ditch (8) of the stair (17) are fixed is connected
It connects, the bottom of the stair (17) is fixedly connected with gutter (11).
5. a kind of side slope according to claim 1 and slope drainage structure, it is characterised in that: the aquifer (3) is by more
A bottom edge is that the quadrangle of V-shaped forms, and the middle part of quadrangle is fixedly installed with slopes drainpipe (13), the slopes row
The bottom end of water pipe (13) is fixedly connected with reservoir (15).
6. a kind of side slope according to claim 1 and slope drainage structure, it is characterised in that: the filter screen (16) is fixed
It is mounted on the middle part of reservoir (15), the discharge outlet (10) is fixedly mounted on the bottom on the right side of basic ground (12), the row
The one end at the mouth of a river (10) is connected with reservoir (15).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920011758.3U CN209429146U (en) | 2019-01-04 | 2019-01-04 | A kind of side slope and slope drainage structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920011758.3U CN209429146U (en) | 2019-01-04 | 2019-01-04 | A kind of side slope and slope drainage structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209429146U true CN209429146U (en) | 2019-09-24 |
Family
ID=67975471
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920011758.3U Expired - Fee Related CN209429146U (en) | 2019-01-04 | 2019-01-04 | A kind of side slope and slope drainage structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN209429146U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111335435A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-06-26 | 华能伊敏煤电有限责任公司 | Drainage water guide system of vegetation recovery area |
| CN112681046A (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2021-04-20 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Airport roadbed drainage structure |
| CN113279416A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-20 | 游永华 | Highway side slope reinforcing apparatus |
-
2019
- 2019-01-04 CN CN201920011758.3U patent/CN209429146U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111335435A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-06-26 | 华能伊敏煤电有限责任公司 | Drainage water guide system of vegetation recovery area |
| CN112681046A (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2021-04-20 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Airport roadbed drainage structure |
| CN113279416A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-20 | 游永华 | Highway side slope reinforcing apparatus |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
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Granted publication date: 20190924 Termination date: 20210104 |