CN209386941U - Measure umbrella gear box spatial point to identity distance from measurer - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a measuring tool for measuring the distance from a space point to a surface of a bevel gearbox, which belongs to the field of measurement methods and is used for testing bevel gearboxes. It includes measuring tool A and measuring tool B, both of which include a dial indicator, wherein The measuring tool A also includes a base A, a mandrel A, a pair of gauge blocks, a measuring body A, and a dial indicator. The mandrel A is installed on the base A, and the dial gauge is installed on the measuring body A. Located on the upper surface of the base A; the measuring tool B also includes a base B, a mandrel B, an alignment cover, and a measuring body B, wherein the mandrel B is located on the base B, the dial gauge is installed on the measurement body B, and the alignment cover Located on the upper surface of Base B. In view of the above technical solution, the present application can measure the distance from the intersection of the two bevel gear axes in the bevel gear box to the two bevel gear bearing positioning steps without damaging the bevel gear box, and has the advantages of high efficiency and fast , enabling repeated measurements to reduce measurement errors.

Description

Measuring tool for measuring the distance from a bevel gearbox space point to a surface

technical field

The present application belongs to the field of measurement methods, and in particular relates to a measuring tool for measuring the distance from a space point to a surface of a bevel gearbox.

Background technique

For the small bevel gear box represented by brush cutters and other garden machinery, the distance from the intersection of the axes of the two bevel gears to the positioning steps of the two bevel gear bearings, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, is The key dimensions of the bevel gear box are related to transmission accuracy, efficiency loss, gearbox heating, bevel gear service life and other issues.

However, the intersection point of the axes of the two bevel gears mentioned in the above paragraph is a virtual point in space, and the intersection point is located inside the bevel gearbox case, and the step surface of each bearing is small, which brings difficulties to the measurement. At present, the commonly used measurement method is to cut open the bevel gearbox case and measure it with a three-coordinate measuring instrument. However, the above-mentioned measurement method has low measurement efficiency and irreversible damage to the bevel gearbox case, and is not suitable for multi-piece and multi-frequency measurement.

When the parts are not sectioned, use a three-coordinate measuring instrument to obtain the spatial intersection point, measure the distance from the intersection point to an axial step, and adjust the processing capacity of the machine tool through multiple trial processing until the size strictly conforms to the theoretical size. , use a gage to measure the distance in the other axis. The above method has low measurement efficiency, and the step distance from the intersection point to the axial direction in the first measurement must be strictly close to the theoretical value, but this theoretical value is difficult to meet in the actual machining process. Secondly, in the above method, there is an obvious implicated relationship between the value of the first measurement and the value of the second measurement, which leads to the inability to determine the allowable range of the measured values in the two directions, which makes it difficult for the acceptance of qualified products.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this application is to provide a measuring tool for measuring the distance from the space point to the surface of the bevel gearbox, which can realize the distance from the intersection point of the axes of the two bevel gears in the bevel gearbox to the two bevels without damaging the bevel gearbox case. The distance measurement of the gear bearing positioning step has the advantages of high efficiency and rapidity, and can repeat the measurement to reduce the measurement error.

In order to achieve the above object, the application is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A measuring tool for measuring the distance from a space point to a surface of a bevel gearbox, including a measuring tool A and a measuring tool B, both of which include a dial indicator, wherein the measuring tool A also includes a base A, a mandrel A, a counter Meter block, measuring body A, dial indicator, the mandrel A is installed on the base A, the dial indicator is installed on the measuring body A, and the gauge block is located on the upper surface of the base A; the measuring tool B also includes a base B , the mandrel B, the counter cover, and the measuring body B, wherein the mandrel B is located on the base B, the dial indicator is installed on the measuring body B, and the counter cover is located on the upper surface of the base B.

Further, the mandrel A and mandrel B described in this application both include a cylindrical surface matching the workpiece reference hole and reference step surface, and a cone arranged at the spatial point O, and the cone angle of the cone is θ.

Furthermore, the measuring body A described in this application is a hollow tube with an upper opening and a lower opening, and the measuring body A is connected with a dial indicator through the upper opening; A through the opening.

Further, the measuring body B described in this application is a hollow tube with a hole in the upper part and an open bottom part.

A method for measuring the distance from a space point to a surface of a bevel gearbox, using measuring tool A to measure the A-direction dimension of the workpiece, and using measuring tool B to measure the B-direction dimension of the workpiece;

Before measurement, use a three-coordinate measuring instrument to confirm that the axes of the two bearing holes on the workpiece meet the shape and position tolerance requirements, and the angle between the two axes meets the angle requirements;

When measuring the A-direction dimension of the workpiece, the dial gauge installed on the measuring body A needs to be zeroed first on the counter block; the dial gauge after zeroing is installed in the A-direction bearing hole of the workpiece through the measuring body A Inside, the bottom surface of the measuring body A fits the reference plane of the workpiece A to the bearing hole; the workpiece is inserted into the mandrel A and the reference plane of the mandrel A fits the step surface of the workpiece B to the bearing hole; the dial gauge The measuring rod falls on the conical surface of the cone in the mandrel A, and the reading is taken;

When measuring the dimension of the workpiece B, it is first necessary to zero the dial gauge installed on the measuring body B on the set; Fit to the bearing step surface; the dial indicator after zero adjustment is installed in the B-direction bearing hole of the workpiece through the measuring body B, and the bottom surface of the measuring body B is attached to the workpiece B-directing step surface; the end surface of the measuring rod of the dial indicator Make contact with the conical surface on mandrel B and read.

Further speaking, when the measuring rod of the dial indicator mentioned in this application falls on the conical surface of the cone in the mandrel A, rotate the measuring body A left and right to repeat the reading 3 to 5 times, and take the maximum value of the reading.

Further speaking, when the end surface of the measuring rod of the dial indicator described in this application contacts the conical surface on the mandrel B, rotate the measuring body B left and right, and repeat the reading 3 to 5 times, and take the maximum value.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present application is:

This application can realize the distance measurement from the intersection of two bevel gear axes in the bevel gear box to the two bevel gear bearing positioning steps respectively without damaging the bevel gear box body, and has the advantages of high efficiency and rapidity, and can repeat the measurement. Reduce measurement errors.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the assembly diagram of the gearbox in the present application.

Fig. 2 is a part diagram of the gearbox in the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure and use of measuring tool A in the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure and use of measuring tool B in the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of zero adjustment of measuring tool A in the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of zero adjustment of measuring tool B in the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of changing the size of the cone on the mandrel in the present application.

In the figure: 1. Base A; 2. Mandrel A; 3. Counter gauge block; 4. Measuring body A; 5. Dial gauge; 1', base B; 2', mandrel B; 3', counter gauge Set; 4', measuring body B.

Detailed ways

The technical solution described in the present application will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be noted that the orientation nouns that may be involved in the following paragraphs, including but not limited to "up, down, left, right, front, back", etc., are based on the visual orientation shown in the accompanying drawings. Orientation, which should not and should not be considered as a limitation on the scope of protection or technical solutions of this application, its purpose is only to facilitate those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions described in this application.

Embodiment 1: A measuring tool for measuring the space point-to-surface distance of a bevel gearbox, including measuring tool A and measuring tool B used in conjunction, wherein the measuring tool A includes a base A1, and a pair of counters is arranged on the top end surface of the base A1 The watch block 3 has a through hole on the side of the base 1, and the through hole is interference-fitted with a mandrel A2. The top of the mandrel A2 is a cylindrical surface that matches the workpiece reference hole and the reference step surface. A cone is arranged near the point O in the theoretical space, and the cone angle of the cone is θ; the measuring body A4 is a hollow tubular structure with an upper opening and an open bottom, and the opening at the top is fixed to the dial gauge 5. The rod is matched, the measuring rod of the dial indicator 5 is located inside the measuring body A4, the lower end surface of the measuring body A4 is attached to the workpiece reference plane, and an opening for the mandrel A2 to pass is opened on the side of the measuring body A4. The measuring tool B includes a base B1', the upper end of the base B1' is equipped with a counter cover 3' for zero adjustment of the dial indicator, and a through hole is provided on the base B1' to interfere with the mandrel B2', and the core Axis B2' includes a cylindrical surface matching the workpiece reference hole and reference step surface and a cone located at point O in theoretical space, and the cone angle of the cylinder is θ.

Embodiment 2: a kind of measuring method that utilizes measuring tool described in embodiment 1 to bevel gearbox space point to surface distance, it comprises the following steps:

1. Preparation before measurement: Use a three-coordinate measuring instrument to confirm that the intersection of the axes of the two bearing holes of the workpiece meets the shape and position tolerance required by the processing technology, and the angle between the two axes meets the angle requirements.

2. Measure the A-direction dimension

Zero adjustment: place the measuring body A4 on the counter-meter block 3 on the base A1, ensure that the bottom surface of the measuring body A4 fits the platform on the base A1, and the measuring rod of the dial indicator 5 falls on the top surface of the counter-meter block, and place the The reading of dial gauge 5 is zeroed. As shown in Figure 5.

Measurement: Put the measuring body A4 into the workpiece so that the bottom surface of the measuring body A4 fits with the step reference surface A of the workpiece A, slightly lift the measuring rod of the dial indicator 5, and insert the workpiece onto the mandrel A2, The reference plane of the mandrel A2 is attached to the reference plane B of the step surface of the workpiece B, and the measuring rod of the dial indicator 5 is released, so that the rod end of the measuring rod falls lightly onto the conical surface of the mandrel cone for reading. In order to eliminate the possible reading error caused by the drop of the curved surface when the end surface of the measuring rod is in contact with the conical surface, the _measuring body A4 should be rotated left and right, and the reading should be repeated 3 to 5 times. The measurement state diagram shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5. After the measurement is complete, remove the workpiece.

Place the measuring body B4' on the counter cover of the base B1', make sure that the bottom surface of the measuring body B4' fits the end surface of the counter cover 3', drop the measuring rod onto the plane of the base B1', and set the dial to zero. The process of zeroing is shown in Figure 6. Insert the workpiece onto the mandrel B2' so that the top reference plane of the mandrel B2' is in contact with the workpiece A to the reference plane A of the stepped surface of the bearing hole. Attach the bottom surface of the measuring body B4' and the workpiece B to the step surface reference plane B. At this time, the measuring rod of the dial gauge 5 falls on the conical surface of the mandrel B2' and reads. Also in order to eliminate the possible reading deviation caused by the drop of the curved surface when the end surface of the measuring rod is in contact with the conical surface, the measuring body B4' should be rotated once on the left and right sides, and the readings should be repeated 3 to 5 times, and the maximum value should be taken as the B _measurement .

On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, this application continues to describe in detail the technical features involved and the functions and effects of the technical features in this application, so as to help those skilled in the art fully understand the content of this application. technical solutions and reproduce them.

Since the dial gauge in this application is installed in the through holes on the upper end faces of the measuring body A and measuring body B, in order to ensure the stability of the connection between the measuring body A4, the measuring body B4' and the dial indicator 5, during the measurement One side of the through hole of the body A4 and the measuring body B4' is provided with a threaded hole, and is fastened with a fastening screw.

First of all, in the measurement method described in this application, it is necessary to use a three-coordinate measuring instrument to measure whether the intersection of the axes of the two bearing holes on the workpiece meets the requirements for shape and position tolerances, and whether the angle between the two axes meets the angle requirements. Under normal circumstances, the above two parameters are guaranteed by the machine tool spindle and fixtures. For a machine tool and fixtures that are adjusted normally, the workpieces processed will not change randomly. Therefore, in the following measurement process, the two Item parameters can be thought of as fixed values.

In this application, the deviation between the actual value and the theoretical value in the A direction of the gear case is set as X _a , where Xa=A _real -A _theory . Set the deviation between the actual value and the theoretical value in direction B as X _b , where Xb= _Breal -B _theory . The above-mentioned X _a and X _b are the values to be obtained in this application. When both values are 0, it means that the actual size of the gear case strictly conforms to the theoretical size.

The cone angle of the cone on the mandrel described in this application is θ, that is, the included angle is the included angle between two axes. The size conversion relationship of the cone angle θ is shown in Figure 7.

After the manufacture of the mandrel is completed, the theoretical A or B can be moved from the positioning reference plane to obtain the simulated space point O described in this application through a three-coordinate measuring instrument, and the diameter Da of the cone cross section where the O point is located can be measured or Db. The distance between point O and the generatrix of the cone can be obtained through trigonometric functions, that is, the compensation value Δa or Δb in this application. Δa and Δb are constants, which are determined by the size of the mandrel itself and do not change with the measurement process. The function of the cone on the mandrel described in this application is to reflect the position of the spatial O point in the measurement direction into the actual reading.

The height of the watch block described in this application is A Li + Δa; the height of the watch cover is B Li + Δb.

The reading of the measuring tool A measuring the workpiece is A _measurement , and at the same time, the reading is affected by the deviation X _b of the positioning reference. According to the trigonometric function, the influence value of X _b on the A axis is X _b cosθ, then A _measurement = X _a + _Xb ·cosθ.

The reading of measuring tool B measuring the workpiece is B measuring, and at the same time, the reading is affected by the deviation Xa of the positioning reference. According to the trigonometric function, the influence value of X _a on the B axis is X _a cosθ, then B _measuring = X _b + X _a · cos θ.

The two equations are combined into a linear equation in two variables:

Solutions have to:

By bringing the above measured values into the above formula for calculation, the deviation values in the two directions of the A axis and the B axis in the bevel gearbox box described in this application can be obtained intuitively and quickly, and then A _Reality = A _theory + X _a , B _real = B _theory + X _b .

Claims (4)

1. a kind of measurement umbrella gear box spatial point to identity distance from measurer, it is characterised in that: including measurer A, measurer B, measurer A with Measurer B includes amesdial (5), wherein the measurer A further includes pedestal A (1), mandrel A (2), to table block (3), measurement body A (4), amesdial (5), the mandrel A (2) are installed on pedestal A (1), and amesdial (5) is installed in measurement body A (4), to table block (3) it is located at the upper surface of pedestal A (1)；The measurer B further includes pedestal B (1 '), mandrel B (2 '), to table set (3 '), measurement body B (4 '), wherein mandrel B (2 ') is located on pedestal B (1 '), and amesdial (5) is installed in measurement body B (4 '), is located to table set (3 ') The upper surface of pedestal B (1 ').

2. it is according to claim 1 measurement umbrella gear box spatial point to identity distance from measurer, it is characterised in that: the mandrel A (2) and mandrel B (2 ') includes the cylindrical surface cooperated with workpiece datum hole and benchmark step surface, the cone being arranged at spatial point O Body, the cone angle of cone are θ.

3. it is according to claim 1 measurement umbrella gear box spatial point to identity distance from measurer, it is characterised in that: the measurement Body A (4) is the hollow body of top aperture, lower part opening, and measurement body A (4) is connect by top aperture with amesdial (5)；? The side of measurement body A (4) is provided with the opening passed through for mandrel A (2).

4. it is according to claim 1 measurement umbrella gear box spatial point to identity distance from measurer, it is characterised in that: the measurement Body B (4 ') is the hollow body of top aperture, lower part opening.