CN209296711U - Hard deposit water sample stratified sampling and real-time monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for layered sampling and real-time monitoring of hard sediment water samples, which mainly includes a pore water sampler for drilling down to the sampling area. The pore water sampler is composed of at least two pore water sampling units. The upper end of the pore water sampling unit is fixed by a fixed pipe, and the middle part of the fixed pipe is provided with an overlying water collection tank, and the upper part is provided with an operating handle; S-shaped coiled polypropylene film collection tube on the inner side of the sampling plate. The two ends of the polypropylene film collection tube are led out through the solution output tube through the fixed tube and the operating handle and communicated with the pulling collection device. The utility model can not only realize the collection of pore water and overlying water at different depths of hard sediments, but also monitor the water quality of the overlying water in real time, and at the same time ensure that the samples obtained by sampling meet the requirements of metal elements, nitrogen, phosphorus and other inorganic substances and other organic substances. analysis test.

Description

Hard sediment water sample layered sampling and real-time monitoring device

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, in particular to a layered sampling and real-time monitoring device for hard sediment water samples.

Background technique

Sediments are divided into soft sediments and hard sediments, which are the most important sinks of water pollutants. At the sediment-water interface, pollutants undergo a series of physical and chemical reactions such as adsorption and desorption, oxidation and reduction, which affect the migration and transformation process of pollutants. Pollutants exist in various forms in sediments, among which the water-soluble form has the highest biological activity. In the sediments with different buried depths, affected by factors such as sediment composition and oxidation-reduction potential, the pollutant content presents certain vertical differentiation characteristics. Therefore, accurate acquisition of sediment pore water and overlying water samples is of great significance for a comprehensive understanding of the pollution status of water bodies and sediments.

The existing sediment pore water and overlying water sampling methods are divided into active sampling and passive sampling methods, and are mainly concentrated in the field of soft sediments. Active sampling is mainly based on centrifugation, but due to the high centrifugation speed, the separated samples contain pollutants dissolved in the inner layer of sediment particles, resulting in high analysis results. Passive sampling mostly uses extraction media with high partition coefficients to enrich samples, such as new in-situ solid-phase microextraction technology and low-density polyethylene membrane extraction technology. This method does not require external power and is suitable for field environmental monitoring. However, the solid phase microextraction technology has poor applicability in the field because the adsorption membrane is expensive and easily damaged. However, in the low-density polyethylene film extraction technology using polyethylene film as the adsorption phase, since the adsorption film directly contacts the sediment, fine particles adhering to the film will interfere with the measurement results.

A large number of research data show that a certain amount of hard sediments are distributed in plain areas and sea areas, which are of great value in environmental engineering and geography research. Hard sediments are not only a good carrier for studying global environmental change events and paleoclimate evolution, but also an important place for the migration and transformation of pollutants. However, there are currently few sampling techniques involving hard sediment pore water samples, and existing sampling devices have the following drawbacks:

(1) When some existing sampling devices are used for sampling hard sediments, they are very easy to cause damage to the device and the adsorption film, and it is impossible to obtain effective samples;

(2) Some samplers use stainless steel as the main frame, which makes the collected samples unable to analyze metal elements;

(3) It is difficult for existing samplers to collect samples at different depths at the same position at the same time, and cannot reflect the vertical differentiation characteristics of pollutants in sediments;

(4) Existing samplers can only collect sediment pore water, but cannot simultaneously collect overlying water and monitor its water quality in real time.

Therefore, it is urgent to provide a hard sediment water sample collection and real-time monitoring device to solve the above problems.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a layered sampling and real-time monitoring device for hard sediment water samples, which can not only realize the collection of pore water and overlying water at different depths of hard sediment, but also monitor the overlying water in real time. Conduct water quality monitoring.

In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is to provide a hard sediment water sample layered collection and real-time monitoring device, which mainly includes a pore water sampler for drilling down to the sampling area. The sampler is composed of at least two pore water sampling units, the upper end of the pore water sampling unit is fixed by a fixed tube, the middle part of the fixed tube is provided with an overlying water collection tank, and the upper part is provided with an operating handle;

The pore water sampling unit includes a water-permeable protective cover body, a sampling plate is arranged on the inner surface of the water-permeable protective cover body, and a polypropylene film collection tube is coiled in S shape on the side surface of the sampling plate close to the water-permeable protective cover body, and the polypropylene film collection tube is The two tube ends of the solution output tube pass through the fixed tube and the operating handle to lead out and communicate with the pulling collection device.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pore water sampling unit further includes a fixing block fixed on the upper edge of the permeable protective cover, and a plug fixed on the lower part of the permeable protective cover;

The fixed block and the upper edge of the permeable protective cover are misplaced, and the bottom surface of the fixed pipe is provided with at least two fixed grooves along the inner edge of the pipe wall, and the fixed block is clamped in the fixed groove, so that the pore water sampling unit Can be firmly fixed in the fixed tube;

The plugs of several pore water sampling units are fixed by a fixed slot with sockets of the same number and shape, and the pore water sampling units are gathered together.

Further, the water-permeable protective cover is a hollow cylinder, the outer surface of which is arc-shaped, and several overflow ports are evenly opened to make it permeable.

Further, in order to facilitate the pore water sampler to go down to the hard sediment sampling area, the lower end of the fixing slot is detachably connected with a conical head.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner surface of the sampling plate is provided with several through holes at intervals along the length direction, and a sampling unit is formed between two adjacent through holes, and each sampling unit includes A number of winding columns between two adjacent through holes, S-shaped polypropylene film collection tubes coiled on the winding columns, each winding column is distributed on both sides of the axis where the through hole is located.

Further, the middle section of the polypropylene film collection tube is hooked on a surrounding column in the bottom row of the sampling unit, and the two ports are inserted in a nozzle of the solution output tube to communicate with the lumen of the solution output tube, and the polypropylene film The connection between the collection tube and the solution output tube is glued and sealed with silica gel, and the other nozzle of the solution output tube is drawn upward through the through hole.

Further, the distance between two adjacent sections of polypropylene membrane collection tubes is not greater than 2 cm, so as to ensure that the collected pore water can accurately reflect the vertical differentiation characteristics of pollutants in the sediment.

In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the overlying water collection tank is a hollow annular tank, and its top surface is provided with inlet and outlet holes for collecting overlying water, and an installation tank for installing a water quality monitoring device is provided inside.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pulling collection device includes a peristaltic pump and a solution collection bottle, the peristaltic pump is arranged in the middle section of the solution output pipe, and the end of the solution output pipe is plugged and fitted with the solution collection bottle.

In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the pore water sampler, the overlying water collection tank, the fixed pipe, and the operating handle are made of PVC or plexiglass, so that no metal elements are introduced during the sampling process.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) The utility model can not only realize the collection of pore water and overlying water at different depths of hard sediments, but also monitor the water quality of the overlying water in real time, and at the same time ensure that the samples obtained by sampling meet the requirements of metal elements, nitrogen, phosphorus and other inorganic substances. and other analytical tests for organic matter;

(2) Using the operating handle, the pore water sampler can be conveniently lowered to the bottom of the hard sediment and the overlying water, which is convenient for the operator to sample; when the pore water sampler is lowered to the sampling area, due to the polypropylene membrane The low permeability of the sampling tube can reduce the interference of the disturbance of the water body in the sampling area on the accuracy of the sampling. At the same time, the protection of the sampling plate by the water-permeable protective cover can effectively avoid the impact of hard sediment on the polypropylene during the drilling process and sampling process. Damage to the membrane collection tube;

(3) Each structure of the utility model is movable and connected, which is convenient for disassembly and storage. The sampling plate is equipped with a winding column, which is convenient for the S-shaped coiled polypropylene film collection tube, and is convenient for layered sampling of pore water. Through precise design of each section The spacing between polypropylene membrane collection tubes can ensure that the collected pore water can accurately reflect the vertical differentiation characteristics of pollutants in the sediment;

(4) During the actual test process, the utility model is easy to install, simple to operate, less disturbing to the water body in the sampling area, and the layering effect of the collected pore water samples is remarkable, and the sampling of hard sediments is relatively smooth, The collected samples meet the analytical tests of metal elements, nitrogen, phosphorus and other inorganic substances and other organic substances, and are completely suitable for promotion and use in the field of water sampling technology.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a preferred embodiment of the utility model hard sediment water sample layered sampling and real-time monitoring device;

Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of described pore water sampler;

Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of described pore water sampling unit;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of described sampling plate;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of described polypropylene film sampling tube and solution output tube assembly;

Fig. 6 is a structural block diagram of the water quality monitoring device;

The marks of each part in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1, pore water sampler, 11, pore water sampling unit, 111, water-permeable protective cover body, 1111, overflow outlet, 112, fixed block, 113, plug, 114, sampling plate, 1141 , through hole, 1142, around column, 115, polypropylene film collection tube, 116, solution output tube, 2, fixed tube, 21, fixed groove, 3, overlying water collection tank, 31, inlet and outlet water holes, 32, installation groove , 4, operating handle, 5, peristaltic pump, 6, solution collection bottle, 7, fixed slot, 71, socket, 8, conical head.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and characteristics of the utility model can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, so that the protection scope of the utility model can be defined more clearly .

Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the utility model embodiment comprises:

A hard sediment water sample layered collection and real-time monitoring device, mainly includes a pore water sampler 1 for drilling down to the sampling area, the pore water sampler 1 is composed of at least two pore water sampling units 11, the pore water The upper end of the sampling unit 11 is fixed by a fixed pipe 2 , the middle part of the fixed pipe 2 is provided with an overlying water collection tank 3 , and the upper part is provided with an operating handle 4 . In this embodiment, the pore water sampler 1 is composed of four pore water sampling units 11 , the middle part of which surrounds a hollow cavity. There is a certain gap between two adjacent pore water sampling units 11, which can effectively eliminate the buoyancy generated when the pore water sampler 1 descends, thereby allowing the pore water sampler 1 to descend to a position where the sediment is deeper.

The pore water sampling unit 11 includes a water-permeable protective cover 111, a fixing block 112, and a plug 113. The inner surface of the water-permeable protective cover 111 is provided with a sampling plate 114. A polypropylene film collection tube 115 is coiled, and the two ends of the polypropylene film collection tube 115 are led out through the solution output tube 116 through the fixed tube 2 and the operating handle 4 and communicated with the pulling collection device.

Preferably, the pulling collection device includes a peristaltic pump 5 and a solution collection bottle 6 , the peristaltic pump 5 is arranged in the middle section of the solution output pipe 116 , and the end of the solution output pipe 116 is plugged with the solution collection bottle 6 . The use of the peristaltic pump 5 can better provide negative pressure, and the pressure is durable, which provides convenience for the sampling operation.

Referring to Fig. 3, the permeable protective cover 111 is a hollow cylinder with an arc-shaped outer surface and several overflow ports 1111 evenly provided to make it permeable, and can effectively eliminate the pore water sampler 1 generated when it goes down. buoyancy. The inner side is flat. The fixed block 112 and the upper edge of the water-permeable protective cover 111 are misplaced. The bottom surface of the fixed pipe 2 is provided with four fixed grooves 21 along the inner edge of the pipe wall, and the fixed block 112 is snapped into the fixed grooves 21. The pore water sampling unit 11 can be firmly fixed in the fixed pipe 2 . The plug 113 is fixed on the lower part of the water-permeable protective cover 111, and has a solid structure with the fixed block 112. The plugs 113 of the four pore water sampling units 11 are fixed by a fixed slot 7 with the same number and shape of the socket 71. The pore water sampling unit 11 plays a gathering role.

In order to facilitate the pore water sampler 1 to go down to the hard sediment sampling area, the lower end of the fixing slot 7 is detachably connected with a conical head 8 . Preferably, the upper end of the tapered head 8 is provided with a threaded section, which forms a threaded fit with the threaded section of the lower nozzle of the fixing slot 7 .

The operating handle 4 has a T-shaped tubular structure and is detachably connected to the upper nozzle of the fixed pipe 2 . Preferably, the middle pipe section of the operating handle 4 is provided with a threaded section, which forms a threaded fit with the threaded section of the upper nozzle of the fixed pipe 2 . There is a small hole on the top of the operating handle 4 for passing through the solution output pipe 116, which effectively prevents the solution output pipe 116 from rotating when the operating handle 4 is twisted. By using the operating handle 4, the pore water sampler 1 can be conveniently lowered to the bottom of the hard sediment and the overlying water, which is convenient for the operator to perform the sampling operation.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the inner surface of the sampling plate 114 is provided with several through holes 1141 at intervals along the length direction, and the through holes 1141 communicate with the lumen of the pore water sampler 1 . Between two adjacent through-holes 1141 is a sampling unit, and each sampling unit includes several winding columns 1142 arranged in parallel between two adjacent through-holes 1141, a polypropylene film coiled on the winding columns 1142 in S shape The collection tubes 115 are distributed on both sides of the axis where the through hole 1141 is located, each around the column 1142 .

Further, the middle section of the polypropylene film collection tube 115 is hooked on a surrounding column 1142 in the bottom row of the sampling unit, and the two ports are inserted in a nozzle of the solution output tube 116 to communicate with the lumen of the solution output tube 116 , in conjunction with FIG. 5, the connection between the polypropylene film collection tube 115 and the solution output tube 116 is glued and sealed with silica gel to prevent sample water from flowing out of the solution output tube. Another nozzle of the solution output pipe 116 is drawn upwards through the through hole (not shown in the figure).

By setting the winding column 1142 on the sampling plate 114, the S-shaped coiled polypropylene membrane collection tube 115 is convenient for layered sampling of the pore water. Preferably, the distance between two adjacent sections of polypropylene membrane collection tubes 115 is designed to be no more than 2 cm, so as to ensure that the collected pore water can accurately reflect the vertical differentiation characteristics of pollutants in the sediment.

The micropore size of the polypropylene film collection tube 115 is 0.02-0.2um, the inner diameter is 0.8mm, and the outer diameter is 1.3mm. The solution output pipe 116 is a silicone hose with an inner diameter of 3mm and an outer diameter of 5mm, which can ensure sample collection. Accurate while improving sample collection efficiency.

The structure design of the whole pore water sampler 1 is reasonable, and a certain protective space is formed between the arc-shaped water-permeable protective cover 111 and the sampling plate 114, and the polypropylene film sampling tube 115 on the sampling plate 114 is protected by the water-permeable protective cover body 111, effectively To avoid damage to the polypropylene film collection tube 115 by hard deposits during the descent. In addition, the number and position of the overflow port 1111 on the water-permeable protective cover 111 and the surrounding columns 1142 on the sampling plate 114 are in one-to-one correspondence, and there is a certain gap, thus effectively preventing the polypropylene film surrounding the surrounding columns 1142 from collecting The tube 115 is in direct contact with the hard deposits to effectively protect the polypropylene film collection tube 115 during the sampling process. At the same time, the pore water sampler 1 is made of PVC or plexiglass and has a certain strength.

The overlying water collecting tank 3 is a hollow annular tank, and its top surface is provided with two inlet and outlet holes 31 for collecting overlying water, and an installation groove 32 for installing a water quality monitoring device is arranged inside. As shown in Figure 6, the water quality monitoring device can realize the real-time monitoring of the water quality of the overlying water, which includes a water quality monitoring sensor, a power supply connected in sequence, a transformer, a controller, a wireless transmitter, a wireless receiver, a controller and a water quality monitoring device. The sensors are interconnected. The power supply supplies power to the controller after passing through the transformer. Preferably, the controller adopts an AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer, and the wireless communication mode between the wireless transmitter and the wireless receiver adopts Zigbee for information transmission, so as to improve the transmission efficiency of information.

In order to avoid the introduction of metal elements during the sampling process, the overlying water collection tank 3, fixed pipe 2, and operating handle 4 are all made of PVC or plexiglass.

The use method and working principle of the device are as follows:

First, the assembly of the device is completed, the four fixed blocks 112 of the pore water sampling units 11 are snapped into the four fixed grooves 21 of the fixed pipe 2, and then the four plugs 113 are inserted into the fixed slots 7, and the lower part of the fixed slots 7 Thread the conical head 8, and finally pass the solution output pipes 116 of the four pore water sampling units 11 through the lumen in the middle of the pore water sampler 1, lead upward to the fixed pipe 2 and the operating handle 4, and then connect the peristaltic pump 5 in sequence , solution collection bottle 6.

The operator holds the operating handle 4 and descends to the sampling area. When the device descends to the sampling area, the water body in the sampling area will be greatly disturbed during the process of inserting the sediment. If it is simply collected, the disturbance will be large There is a large deviation in the test results of the sample obtained by sampling. Therefore, the liquid flow in the sampling area will be slow when the water body in the sampling area is left to stand for about 3 hours by utilizing the low permeability of the polypropylene film collection tube 115. infiltrated into the polypropylene film collection tube 115, and the liquid flow infiltrated into the polypropylene film collection tube 115 is relatively stable at this time, which can ensure the accuracy of sample collection; Collect samples at different depths, increasing the versatility of the sampler.

After 24 hours of balance, the peristaltic pump 5 is turned on to generate negative pressure to collect sediment pore water samples at different depths; at the same time, during the balance period, the water quality monitoring device transmits the acquired data to the controller for analog-to-digital conversion and data processing Finally, it is finally transmitted to the wireless receiver through the wireless transmitter, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the water quality of the overlying water. After the sampling is completed, the overlying water sample can be obtained through the water inlet and outlet 31 of the overlying water collection tank 3 .

The utility model can not only realize the collection of pore water and overlying water at different depths of hard sediments, but also monitor the water quality of the overlying water in real time, and at the same time ensure that the samples obtained by sampling meet the requirements of metal elements, nitrogen, phosphorus and other inorganic substances and other organic substances. analysis test. Each structure of the utility model is movable connection, which is convenient for disassembly and storage. In the actual test process, the installation is convenient, the operation is simple, the disturbance to the water body in the sampling area is less, and the stratification effect of the collected pore water samples is remarkable, and The sampling of hard sediments is relatively smooth, and the collected samples meet the analysis and testing of metal elements, nitrogen, phosphorus and other inorganic substances and other organic substances, and are completely suitable for promotion and use in the field of water sampling technology.

The above is only an embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the patent scope of the utility model. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process conversion made by using the utility model specification and accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other Related technical fields are all included in the patent protection scope of the present utility model in the same way.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of hard deposit water sample stratified sampling and real-time monitoring device, which is characterized in that include mainly for exploring downward to The pore water sampler of sampling area, pore water sampler are made of at least two pore water sampling units, and pore water sampling is single The upper end of member is fixed by fixing pipe, overlying water collecting tank is provided in the middle part of fixing pipe, top is provided with operation handle；

The pore water sampling unit includes permeable protective enclosure, and the medial surface of permeable protective enclosure is provided with sampling plate, sampling Plate S type coiling on the one side of permeable protective enclosure has polypropylene screen collection tube, and two pipe ends of polypropylene screen collection tube are logical Solution efferent duct is crossed to draw across fixing pipe and operation handle and be connected to pull collection device.

2. hard deposit water sample stratified sampling according to claim 1 and real-time monitoring device, which is characterized in that described Pore water sampling unit further includes the fixed block for being fixed on permeable protective enclosure top edge, is fixed on permeable protective enclosure lower part Plug；

The top edge of the fixed block and permeable protective enclosure, which misplaces, arranges, the bottom surface of the fixing pipe is along tube wall inside edge At least two fixing grooves circumferentially are provided with, fixed block is connected in fixing groove；

The plug of several pore water sampling units is fixed by the fixed slot of a socket with identical number and shape.

3. hard deposit water sample stratified sampling according to claim 1 or 2 and real-time monitoring device, which is characterized in that The permeable protective enclosure is hollow cylinder, and lateral surface is in arcuation and is uniformly provided with several gaps.

4. hard deposit water sample stratified sampling according to claim 2 and real-time monitoring device, which is characterized in that described The lower end detachable connection of fixed slot has conical head.

5. hard deposit water sample stratified sampling according to claim 1 and real-time monitoring device, which is characterized in that described The medial surface of sampling plate is arranged at intervals with several through-holes on along its length, be that a sampling is single between two neighboring through-hole Member, each sampling unit include that several being arranged in parallel between two neighboring through-hole are coiled in gathering on column around column, S type Propylene film collection tube is each distributed in the two sides of through-hole place axis around column.

6. hard deposit water sample stratified sampling according to claim 5 and real-time monitoring device, which is characterized in that described The middle section of polypropylene screen collection tube be articulated in sampling unit most bottom row one on column, two-port be plugged on solution efferent duct It is connected in one nozzle with the lumen of solution efferent duct, another nozzle of solution efferent duct passes through through-hole and draws upwards.

7. hard deposit water sample stratified sampling according to claim 5 or 6 is with real-time monitoring device it is characterized in that, phase Spacing between adjacent two sections of polypropylene screen collection tubes is not more than 2cm.

8. hard deposit water sample stratified sampling according to claim 1 and real-time monitoring device, which is characterized in that described Overlying water collecting tank is hollow ring slot, and top surface is provided with paddle hole, is internally provided with for installing water monitoring device Mounting groove.

9. hard deposit water sample stratified sampling according to claim 1 and real-time monitoring device, which is characterized in that described Pull collection device includes peristaltic pump, solution receiving flask, and the middle section of solution efferent duct, the pipe of solution efferent duct is arranged in peristaltic pump It holds mating with solution receiving flask.

10. hard deposit water sample stratified sampling according to claim 1 and real-time monitoring device, which is characterized in that institute Pore water sampler, overlying water collecting tank, fixing pipe, operation handle is stated to be made of PVC or organic glass.