CN209215493U - A railway signal measuring device - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型提供了一种铁路信号测量装置，它包括控制器MCU、模拟量测试通道、开关量测试通道、无线通信模块和远程监控终端；所述模拟量测试通道，与所述控制器MCU相连，用于实时采集铁路信号设备的模拟量信号并传输至所述控制器MCU；所述开关量测试通道，与所述控制器MCU相连，用于实时采集铁路信号设备的开关量信号并传输至所述控制器MCU；所述远程监控终端，通过所述无线通信模块与所述控制器MCU相连，用于根据所述模拟量信号和所述开关量信号输出并展示检测结果。该铁路信号测量装置具有设计科学、实用性强、检测效率高和生产成本低的优点。
The utility model provides a railway signal measuring device, which comprises a controller MCU, an analog quantity test channel, a switch quantity test channel, a wireless communication module and a remote monitoring terminal; the analog quantity test channel is connected with the controller MCU , for real-time collection of analog signals of railway signal equipment and transmitted to the controller MCU; the switch test channel, connected to the controller MCU, for real-time collection of railway signal equipment switch signals and transmitted to The controller MCU; the remote monitoring terminal, connected to the controller MCU through the wireless communication module, is used to output and display detection results according to the analog signal and the switch signal. The railway signal measuring device has the advantages of scientific design, strong practicability, high detection efficiency and low production cost.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及铁路信号设备监测技术领域，具体的说，涉及了一种铁路信号测量装置。The utility model relates to the technical field of railway signal equipment monitoring, in particular to a railway signal measuring device.
背景技术Background technique
伴随着高速铁路及现代信息技术的发展，铁路信号集中监测系统已经成为新建铁路的标配系统，已成为列车安全运行的重要保障。With the development of high-speed railways and modern information technology, the centralized railway signal monitoring system has become a standard system for new railways and an important guarantee for the safe operation of trains.
但信号集中监测系统的投资较大，安装调试工作比较繁琐，无法覆盖电务部门管辖的所有信号设备，对于一些隐性的、间歇性的信号设备故障，用一般的常规仪器仪表又很难发现和记录，常常成为安全行车的隐患。However, the centralized signal monitoring system requires a large investment, and the installation and commissioning work is relatively cumbersome. It cannot cover all the signal equipment under the jurisdiction of the electrical department. For some hidden and intermittent signal equipment failures, it is difficult to find them with ordinary conventional instruments. And record, often become the hidden danger of safe driving.
为了解决以上存在的问题，人们一直在寻求一种理想的技术解决方案。In order to solve the above existing problems, people have been seeking an ideal technical solution.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的是针对现有技术的不足，从而提供一种设计科学、实用性强、检测效率高和生产成本低的铁路信号测量装置。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a railway signal measuring device with scientific design, strong practicability, high detection efficiency and low production cost against the deficiencies of the prior art.
为了实现上述目的，本实用新型所采用的技术方案是：一种铁路信号测量装置，包括控制器MCU、模拟量测试通道、开关量测试通道、无线通信模块和远程监控终端；In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a railway signal measuring device, including a controller MCU, an analog quantity test channel, a switch quantity test channel, a wireless communication module and a remote monitoring terminal;
所述模拟量测试通道，与所述控制器MCU相连，用于实时采集铁路信号设备的模拟量信号并传输至所述控制器MCU；The analog test channel is connected to the controller MCU, and is used to collect the analog signal of the railway signal equipment in real time and transmit it to the controller MCU;
所述开关量测试通道，与所述控制器MCU相连，用于实时采集铁路信号设备的开关量信号并传输至所述控制器MCU；The switching value test channel is connected with the controller MCU, and is used to collect the switching value signal of the railway signal equipment in real time and transmit it to the controller MCU;
所述远程监控终端，通过所述无线通信模块与所述控制器MCU相连，用于根据所述模拟量信号和所述开关量信号输出并展示检测结果。The remote monitoring terminal is connected to the controller MCU through the wireless communication module, and is used to output and display detection results according to the analog signal and the switch signal.
基于上述，所述模拟量测试通道包括依次串联连接的安全采样电路、量程自动切换电路、信号放大电路、A/D转换电路和通信隔离电路。Based on the above, the analog test channel includes a safety sampling circuit, a range automatic switching circuit, a signal amplification circuit, an A/D conversion circuit and a communication isolation circuit connected in series in sequence.
基于上述，所述安全采样电路包括熔断保险丝FUSE1、熔断保险丝FUSE2、热敏电阻PTC、电阻R1、电阻R2和电阻R3；所述熔断保险丝FUSE1、所述热敏电阻PTC和所述电阻R1依次串联接连，所述熔断保险丝FUSE2和所述电阻R2依次串联连接，所述电阻R1和所述电阻R2并联在所述电阻R3的两端。Based on the above, the safety sampling circuit includes a blown fuse FUSE1, a blown fuse FUSE2, a thermistor PTC, a resistor R1, a resistor R2 and a resistor R3; the blown fuse FUSE1, the thermistor PTC and the resistor R1 are connected in series in sequence Successively, the blown fuse FUSE2 and the resistor R2 are sequentially connected in series, and the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected in parallel at both ends of the resistor R3.
基于上述，所述量程自动切换电路采用多通道电子开关。Based on the above, the automatic range switching circuit adopts multi-channel electronic switches.
基于上述，所述开关量测试通道包括依次串联连接的开关量采集电路和数字隔离电路。Based on the above, the switch value test channel includes a switch value acquisition circuit and a digital isolation circuit connected in series in sequence.
基于上述，所述无线通信模块为蓝牙模块和WiFi模块，所述远程监控终端为工业三防平板手机。Based on the above, the wireless communication module is a Bluetooth module and a WiFi module, and the remote monitoring terminal is an industrial rugged tablet phone.
基于上述，所述控制器MCU还连接有锂电池模组、NAND FLASH、SDRAM和LED指示灯。Based on the above, the controller MCU is also connected with a lithium battery module, NAND FLASH, SDRAM and LED indicators.
基于上述，所述控制器MCU还连接有USB接口、CAN接口和按键接口。Based on the above, the controller MCU is also connected with a USB interface, a CAN interface and a button interface.
基于上述，所述控制器MCU型号为STM32F429。Based on the above, the controller MCU model is STM32F429.
本实用新型相对现有技术具有实质性特点和进步，具体的说：Compared with the prior art, the utility model has substantive characteristics and progress, specifically:
1）本实用新型提供了一种铁路信号测量装置，该铁路信号测量装置作为对铁路信号集中监测系统的有力补充，能够便捷的对一个单项设备或某一项电气特性进行全面的测试和记录，可以采集到在标准监测系统设计中各种模拟量信号和开关量信号，从而为设备故障分析提供更多的参考依据；1) The utility model provides a railway signal measuring device, which is a powerful supplement to the railway signal centralized monitoring system, which can conveniently conduct comprehensive testing and recording of a single item of equipment or a certain electrical characteristic, It can collect various analog signals and switching signals in the standard monitoring system design, so as to provide more references for equipment failure analysis;
2）该铁路信号测量装置实现了一种安全可靠的隔离采样电路，能实现在采集信号不大于AC600V的环境下正常工作，同时该采样电路具备量程自动切换、AD转换和数字通信隔离功能，提高了采样精确度；2) The railway signal measurement device implements a safe and reliable isolated sampling circuit, which can work normally in the environment where the collected signal is not greater than AC600V. At the same time, the sampling circuit has the functions of automatic range switching, AD conversion and digital communication isolation, which improves improved sampling accuracy;
3）该铁路信号测量装置能够采集多种铁路信号设备的电气参数，终端的监测内容可以通过通道配置接口进行调整，具有较高的灵活性；3) The railway signal measurement device can collect electrical parameters of various railway signal equipment, and the monitoring content of the terminal can be adjusted through the channel configuration interface, which has high flexibility;
综上所述，本实用新型具有设计科学、实用性强、检测效率高和生产成本低的优点。In summary, the utility model has the advantages of scientific design, strong practicability, high detection efficiency and low production cost.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.
图2是本实用新型的安全采样模块的示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the safety sampling module of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过具体实施方式，对本实用新型的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail through specific implementation methods below.
实施例1Example 1
如附图1和附图2所示，一种铁路信号测量装置，它包括控制器MCU、模拟量测试通道、开关量测试通道、无线通信模块和远程监控终端；As shown in accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2, a kind of railway signal measuring device, it comprises controller MCU, analog quantity test channel, switch quantity test channel, wireless communication module and remote monitoring terminal;
所述模拟量测试通道，与所述控制器MCU相连，用于实时采集铁路信号设备的模拟量信号并传输至所述控制器MCU；The analog test channel is connected to the controller MCU, and is used to collect the analog signal of the railway signal equipment in real time and transmit it to the controller MCU;
所述开关量测试通道，与所述控制器MCU相连，用于实时采集铁路信号设备的开关量信号并传输至所述控制器MCU；The switching value test channel is connected with the controller MCU, and is used to collect the switching value signal of the railway signal equipment in real time and transmit it to the controller MCU;
所述远程监控终端，通过所述无线通信模块与所述控制器MCU相连，用于根据所述模拟量信号和所述开关量信号输出并展示检测结果。The remote monitoring terminal is connected to the controller MCU through the wireless communication module, and is used to output and display detection results according to the analog signal and the switch signal.
使用时，所述远程监控终端通过所述无线通信模块向所述控制器MCU发送测试指令；所述控制器MCU根据该测试指令控制所述模拟量测试通道实时采集铁路信号设备的模拟量信号，控制所述开关量测试通道实时采集铁路信号设备的开关量信号；所述控制器MCU将所述模拟量信号和所述开关量信号发送至所述远程监控终端，所述远程监控终端对根据所述模拟量信号和所述开关量信号进行存储、输出并展示检测结果。When in use, the remote monitoring terminal sends a test command to the controller MCU through the wireless communication module; the controller MCU controls the analog test channel to collect the analog signal of the railway signal equipment in real time according to the test command, Control the switching quantity test channel to collect the switching quantity signal of the railway signal equipment in real time; the controller MCU sends the analog quantity signal and the switching quantity signal to the remote monitoring terminal, and the remote monitoring terminal pairs according to the The analog signal and the switch signal are stored, output and displayed as detection results.
本实施例给出了无线通信模块的一种具体实施方式，所述无线通信模块为蓝牙模块和WiFi模块，所述远程监控终端为工业三防平板手机，向用户提供人机交互接口。用户可通过工业三防平板手机上的APP，设置模拟量通道的测试类型，测试类型包含了交流电压、交流电流、直流电压、直流电流、道岔表示电压、轨道25Hz局部电压信号、25Hz轨道接收端交流电压信号、480轨道电压信号、电源屏25Hz轨道接收端交流电压信号、ZPW2000移频电压信号。This embodiment provides a specific implementation of the wireless communication module. The wireless communication module is a Bluetooth module and a WiFi module. The remote monitoring terminal is an industrial rugged tablet phone, which provides a human-computer interaction interface for users. The user can set the test type of the analog channel through the APP on the industrial rugged tablet phone. The test type includes AC voltage, AC current, DC voltage, DC current, switch indication voltage, track 25Hz local voltage signal, and 25Hz track receiving end AC voltage signal, 480 track voltage signal, AC voltage signal at 25Hz track receiving end of power screen, ZPW2000 frequency shift voltage signal.
具体的，所述控制器MCU型号为STM32F429。该铁路信号测量装置使用基于Cortex-M4内核的STM32F429作为MCU，主频可达到180MHz，具有FPU单元和DSP指令集，非常适合需要浮点运算或DSP处理的应用。STM32F429 拥有多达 256KB 的片内SRAM和2M的片内FLASH，支持 SDRAM和NAND Flash、带 TFTLCD控制器、带图形加速器（Chorme ART）、带摄像头接口（DCMI）、加密处理器（CRYP）、USB 高速 OTG、真随机数发生器、OTP 存储器等。Specifically, the controller MCU model is STM32F429. The railway signal measurement device uses the STM32F429 based on the Cortex-M4 core as the MCU, the main frequency can reach 180MHz, and it has an FPU unit and a DSP instruction set, which is very suitable for applications that require floating-point operations or DSP processing. STM32F429 has up to 256KB on-chip SRAM and 2M on-chip FLASH, supports SDRAM and NAND Flash, with TFTLCD controller, with graphics accelerator (Chorme ART), with camera interface (DCMI), encryption processor (CRYP), USB High-speed OTG, true random number generator, OTP memory, etc.
该铁路信号测量装置作为对铁路信号集中监测系统的有力补充，它能够便捷的对一个单项设备或某一项电气特性进行全面的测试和记录，如对轨道电路、电源屏、电动转辙机、信号机等信号设备的监测，从而为设备故障分析提供更多的依据。As a powerful supplement to the centralized railway signal monitoring system, the railway signal measuring device can easily and comprehensively test and record a single piece of equipment or a certain electrical characteristic, such as track circuits, power screens, electric switch machines, Monitoring of signal equipment such as signal machines, thus providing more basis for equipment failure analysis.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例与实施例1的区别在于：所述模拟量测试通道包括依次串联连接的安全采样电路、量程自动切换电路、信号放大电路、A/D转换电路和通信隔离电路。The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the analog measurement channel includes a safety sampling circuit, a range automatic switching circuit, a signal amplification circuit, an A/D conversion circuit and a communication isolation circuit connected in series in sequence.
本实施例给出了安全采样电路的一种具体实施方式，所述安全采样电路包括熔断保险丝FUSE1、熔断保险丝FUSE2、热敏电阻PTC、电阻R1、电阻R2和电阻R3；所述熔断保险丝FUSE1、所述热敏电阻PTC和所述电阻R1依次串联接连，所述熔断保险丝FUSE2和所述电阻R2依次串联，所述电阻R1和所述电阻R2并联在所述电阻R3的两端。熔断保险丝FUSE可在电流大于200mA时瞬间熔断，防止信号输入高低端短路；分压回路串入热敏电阻PTC进行保护，在输入端回路大于20mA时发挥作用，在几十到几百毫秒内将阻值变大到几M欧直至自身烧毁开路；电阻R1、电阻R2和电阻R3采用 1M欧，2W的氧化金属膜电阻，强电压输入经高阻限流后，后端以弱电压信号（毫伏级信号）采样；所述安全采样电路设置了熔断保险丝FUSE、热敏电阻和限流电阻三重隔离手段，能实现在采集信号不大于AC600V的环境下正常工作。This embodiment provides a specific implementation of the safe sampling circuit, the safe sampling circuit includes a blown fuse FUSE1, a blown fuse FUSE2, a thermistor PTC, a resistor R1, a resistor R2 and a resistor R3; the blown fuse FUSE1, The thermistor PTC and the resistor R1 are sequentially connected in series, the blown fuse FUSE2 is connected in series with the resistor R2 in sequence, and the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected in parallel at both ends of the resistor R3. The fuse FUSE can be blown instantly when the current is greater than 200mA to prevent the short circuit of the high and low ends of the signal input; Increase the resistance value to several M ohms until it burns and opens the circuit; resistor R1, resistor R2 and resistor R3 use 1M ohm, 2W metal oxide film resistors. After the strong voltage input is limited by high resistance, the back end uses a weak voltage signal ( Millivolt level signal) sampling; the safety sampling circuit is equipped with triple isolation means of fuse fuse FUSE, thermistor and current limiting resistor, which can realize normal operation in the environment where the collected signal is not greater than AC600V.
该铁路信号测量装置包括包含2路模拟量测试通道和4路开关量测试通道。The railway signal measuring device includes 2 analog test channels and 4 switch test channels.
具体的，所述量程自动切换电路采用多通道电子开关控制，多通道电子开关的每一通道中具有一个开关，各通道的开关是否闭合由所述控制器MCU的GPIO电平控制。量程自动切换电路中，多通道电子开关的每一通道中串联接入1个电阻，各通道中接入的电阻为并联关系，通过控制各通道电子开关的闭合，可得到不同档位的并联电阻阻值，该阻值即为信号放大电路中的放大电阻阻值。通过对放大电阻阻值的控制，可实现对被测信号量程的自动切换，从而使放大后的信号尽量贴近A/D输入的最大值，以获得A/D转换的最大分辨率。所述通信隔离电路采用TVS 管（瞬变电压抑制器）和线性光耦等保护措施，防止因遭到高压冲击而破坏后级的测量电路中，提高模块耐高压能力。Specifically, the range automatic switching circuit is controlled by a multi-channel electronic switch, each channel of the multi-channel electronic switch has a switch, and whether the switch of each channel is closed is controlled by the GPIO level of the controller MCU. In the range automatic switching circuit, a resistor is connected in series to each channel of the multi-channel electronic switch, and the resistors connected to each channel are connected in parallel. By controlling the closing of the electronic switch of each channel, parallel resistors of different gears can be obtained The resistance value is the resistance value of the amplification resistor in the signal amplification circuit. By controlling the resistance value of the amplifying resistor, the automatic switching of the measured signal range can be realized, so that the amplified signal can be as close as possible to the maximum value of the A/D input to obtain the maximum resolution of the A/D conversion. The communication isolation circuit adopts protection measures such as TVS tube (transient voltage suppressor) and linear optocoupler to prevent damage to the measurement circuit of the subsequent stage due to high voltage impact and improve the high voltage resistance of the module.
该铁路信号测量装置通过所述模拟量测试通道完成对模拟量信号的测量，并通过SPI接口将得到相应的模拟量信号传输至所述控制器MCU。模拟量信号在经过所述通信隔离电路前进行了A/D转换，避免了直接对模拟信号进行线性隔离，提高了AD转换的精度。The railway signal measuring device completes the measurement of the analog signal through the analog test channel, and transmits the obtained corresponding analog signal to the controller MCU through the SPI interface. The analog signal is A/D converted before passing through the communication isolation circuit, which avoids direct linear isolation of the analog signal and improves the accuracy of AD conversion.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例与实施例1的区别在于：所述开关量测试通道包括依次串联连接的开关量采集电路和数字隔离电路。所述开关量采集电路包括依次串联连接的整流二极管、稳压二极管和限流电阻，利用稳压二极管反向击穿电压前都具有高电阻的特性，限定了被采样开关量的最小电压，防止了由干扰信号引起的误采样，提高了开关量测试通道采样的准确性；所述数字隔离电路采用高速光耦实现隔离，转换速率最高可达10MBit/s，输入输出端隔离电压可达2500V。The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: the switching value test channel includes a switching value acquisition circuit and a digital isolation circuit connected in series in sequence. The switching value acquisition circuit includes a rectifying diode, a voltage stabilizing diode and a current limiting resistor connected in series in sequence, and utilizes the characteristic of high resistance before the reverse breakdown voltage of the voltage stabilizing diode, which limits the minimum voltage of the sampled switching value to prevent Mis-sampling caused by interference signals is eliminated, and the accuracy of switching test channel sampling is improved; the digital isolation circuit uses a high-speed optocoupler to achieve isolation, the conversion rate can reach up to 10MBit/s, and the isolation voltage of the input and output terminals can reach 2500V.
实施例4Example 4
本实施例与实施例1的区别在于：所述控制器MCU还连接有锂电池模组、NANDFLASH、SDRAM、LED指示灯、USB接口、CAN接口和按键接口。The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the controller MCU is also connected with a lithium battery module, NAND FLASH, SDRAM, LED indicator light, USB interface, CAN interface and key interface.
该铁路信号测量装置的供电由锂电池模组提供，通过该铁路信号测量装置电路板上的电源隔离模块及电源转换模块，将转换后的电源分别供给控制器MCU、存储模块、无线传输模块、模拟量测试通道和开关量测试通道使用；锂电池模组在充满状态下可供装置不间断运行大于72小时，满足了终端的用电需求。The power supply of the railway signal measuring device is provided by a lithium battery module, through the power isolation module and the power conversion module on the circuit board of the railway signal measuring device, the converted power is supplied to the controller MCU, storage module, wireless transmission module, The analog test channel and the switch test channel are used; the lithium battery module can provide the device with uninterrupted operation for more than 72 hours in a fully charged state, which meets the power demand of the terminal.
所述NAND FLASH可以对所述模拟量信号和所述开关量信号进行备份存储。The NAND FLASH can back up and store the analog signal and the switch signal.
该铁路信号测量装置对外提供了CAN接口和USB接口，以实现存储数据的导出；同时终端对外提供了光电指示功能，可将MCU的运行状态、蓝牙或WiFi的发送接收状态、锂电池模组的供电状态对外进行显示。The railway signal measurement device provides a CAN interface and a USB interface to realize the export of stored data; at the same time, the terminal provides a photoelectric indication function, which can display the operating status of the MCU, the sending and receiving status of Bluetooth or WiFi, and the status of the lithium battery module. The power supply status is displayed externally.
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本实用新型的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本实用新型进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本实用新型的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本实用新型技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本实用新型请求保护的技术方案范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model and not limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: still The specific implementation of the utility model can be modified or some technical features can be equivalently replaced; without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the utility model, all of them should be included in the scope of the technical solution claimed by the utility model.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111856278A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-10-30 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Multichannel multi-range frequency response test signal acquisition device and acquisition method |
| CN112234590A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-15 | 绵阳市维博电子有限责任公司 | Switch point machine action voltage detection device and PCB (printed circuit board) distribution mode thereof |
| CN114295918A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 国能朔黄铁路发展有限责任公司 | Measuring system for railway signal equipment |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111856278A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-10-30 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Multichannel multi-range frequency response test signal acquisition device and acquisition method |
| CN112234590A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-15 | 绵阳市维博电子有限责任公司 | Switch point machine action voltage detection device and PCB (printed circuit board) distribution mode thereof |
| CN114295918A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 国能朔黄铁路发展有限责任公司 | Measuring system for railway signal equipment |
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