CN209147106U - A coal-fired unit coupled household waste incineration power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of coal unit coupling Msw Incineration Power-generating System, including refuse burning system, waste incineration heat energy utilization system, garbage-incineration smoke purifying and smoke evacuation system and coal unit, refuse burning system includes a waste incinerator for having garbage feeding bucket；Waste incineration heat energy utilization system includes a waste heat boiler being connected with garbage incinerator tail gas channel；Garbage-incineration smoke purifying and smoke evacuation system include a semidry method extracting tower being connected with garbage incinerator tail gas channel, the coal unit includes a coal-burning boiler, mating on the exhaust gases passes of the coal-burning boiler to be connected to coal unit SCR denitration reaction device, coal unit air preheater and coal unit deduster；The coal unit further includes coal unit steam turbine second level steam extraction and coal unit steam turbine level-one steam extraction, and the coal unit steam turbine second level steam extraction and coal unit steam turbine level-one steam extraction are separately connected coal unit 2 high adduction No. 1 height of coal unit and add.

Description

A coal-fired unit coupled household waste incineration power generation system

technical field

The utility model relates to a combined household garbage incineration power generation system of a coal-fired unit, belonging to the technical field of thermal power generation and household garbage incineration coupled power generation.

Background technique

With the acceleration of my country's economic and social development and urbanization process, the amount of urban domestic waste generated has grown rapidly. In 2016, the national urban domestic waste removal volume has exceeded 200 million tons. The harmless treatment methods of domestic waste mainly include incineration and sanitary landfill. In 2016, the incineration treatment capacity of urban domestic waste in my country accounted for 37.5% of the innocuous treatment capacity, landfill accounted for 60.3%, and other methods accounted for 2.2%.

The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" National Urban Household Waste Harmless Treatment Facilities Construction Plan" proposes that "by the end of 2020, qualified municipalities, cities under separate state planning and provincial capital cities (built-up areas) will achieve 'zero landfill' of primary waste, and the towns of Realize the full coverage of the harmless treatment capacity of domestic waste; the municipal solid waste incineration capacity accounts for more than 50% of the total harmless treatment capacity, of which the eastern region reaches the goal of more than 60%".

Economically developed areas and cities with a shortage of land resources and a large population base will give priority to adopting incineration technology to reduce the amount of primary landfill and save land resources. At present, domestic waste incineration treatment facilities are often difficult to locate due to the NIMBY effect, and the investment and operation costs are high. Compared with coal-fired units, the energy utilization level of domestic waste incineration treatment facilities is low, and there is still room for improvement in pollutant emissions. .

With the full implementation of ultra-low emission and energy-saving renovation of coal-fired power plants in my country, we will give full play to the technological leadership of clean and efficient coal-fired units, rely on the high-efficiency power generation system of active coal-fired units and centralized pollutant treatment facilities, and fully dissipate urban domestic waste. Social governance problems such as garbage siege have positive significance for serving and promoting sustainable urban development.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to propose a method mainly relying on clean and high-efficiency coal-fired units, which significantly reduces the investment and operation cost of waste incineration treatment, improves the utilization efficiency of waste incineration thermal energy, and improves the efficiency of waste incineration. Coal-fired units coupled with domestic waste incineration power generation system at the level of recycling, harmlessness and reduction of domestic waste incineration.

The purpose of this utility model is accomplished through the following technical solutions: a coal-fired unit coupled with a domestic waste incineration power generation system, including a waste incineration system, a waste incineration thermal energy utilization system, a waste incineration flue gas purification and smoke exhaust system, and a coal-fired unit , the waste incineration system includes a waste incinerator with a waste feeding hopper; the waste incineration thermal energy utilization system includes a waste heat boiler connected to the exhaust gas channel of the waste incinerator, and the waste heat boiler is respectively equipped with a connected waste heat boiler water supply unit and the main steam valve group of the waste heat boiler; the waste incineration flue gas purification and exhaust system includes a semi-dry deacidification tower connected to the waste incinerator tail gas channel, and activated carbon connected to the rear pipeline of the semi-dry deacidification tower in turn. Jet adsorption unit, dry powder jet deacidification unit, bag filter, exhaust induced draft fan and flue gas plug-in isolation door; the coal-fired unit includes a coal-fired boiler, and the flue gas channel of the coal-fired boiler is matched and connected There are coal-fired unit SCR denitration reactor, coal-fired unit air preheater and coal-fired unit dust collector; the coal-fired unit also includes coal-fired unit steam turbine secondary extraction and coal-fired unit steam turbine primary extraction steam, the The second-stage steam extraction of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit and the first-stage steam extraction of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit are respectively connected to the No. The temperature reducer is connected in parallel with the first-stage extraction steam of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit.

Preferably: the rear flue of the described flue gas plug-in isolation door is connected with the front flue of the SCR denitration reactor of the coal-fired unit; the rear flue of the SCR denitration reactor of the coal-fired unit is connected with the front flue of the dust collector of the coal-fired unit; The waste incineration flue gas purification and exhaust system further includes an SNCR denitration unit arranged on the waste incinerator; the outlet steam pipe of the desuperheater and pressure reducer is connected to the first-stage extraction pipe of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit.

The utility model adopts a coal-fired unit coupled with a domestic waste incineration power generation technical scheme, and has the advantages of: relying on the high-efficiency power generation system of the active coal-fired unit and the centralized pollutant treatment facilities, the investment and operation cost of waste incineration treatment are significantly reduced, and the waste incineration is improved. The thermal energy utilization efficiency has improved the resource utilization, harmlessness and reduction level of domestic waste incineration.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the coal-fired unit coupled to the household waste incineration power generation system according to the present invention.

The reference numerals are: 1- waste hopper, 2- waste incinerator, 3- SNCR denitration unit, 4- waste heat boiler, 5- semi-dry deacidification tower, 6- activated carbon jet adsorption unit, 7- dry powder jet denitrification Acid unit, 8-bag filter, 9-exhaust induced draft fan, 10-flue gas plug-in isolation door, 11-coal-fired boiler, 12-SCR denitration reactor for coal-fired unit, 13-air preheater for coal-fired unit, 14- Dust collector of coal-fired unit, 15- Waste heat boiler feed water unit, 16- Waste heat boiler main steam valve group, 17- Desuperheating water unit, 18- Desuperheating pressure reducer; 19- Coal-fired unit steam turbine secondary extraction steam, 20 - No. 2 high-pressure coal-fired unit, 21- first-stage extraction of steam turbine of coal-fired unit, 22- No. 1 high-pressure coal-fired unit.

Detailed ways

The present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 1 , a coal-fired unit described in the present utility model is coupled to a household waste incineration power generation system, including a waste incineration system, a waste incineration thermal energy utilization system, and a waste incineration flue gas. Purification and smoke exhaust system and coal-fired unit, the waste incineration system includes a waste incinerator 2 with a waste feed hopper 1; the waste incineration thermal energy utilization system includes a waste heat boiler 4 connected to the exhaust channel of the waste incinerator 2 , the waste heat boiler 4 is respectively equipped with a connected waste heat boiler water supply unit 15 and a waste heat boiler main steam valve group 16; the waste incineration flue gas purification and smoke exhaust system includes a semi-dry method connected to the exhaust gas channel of the waste incinerator 2 Acid tower 5, connected to the activated carbon jet adsorption unit 6, the dry powder jet deacidification unit 7, the bag filter 8, the exhaust induced draft fan 9 and the flue gas plug-in isolation door 10, which are sequentially connected to the rear pipeline of the semi-dry deacidification tower 5; The coal-fired unit includes a coal-fired boiler 11, and the flue gas passage of the coal-fired boiler 11 is matched with a coal-fired unit SCR denitration reactor 12, a coal-fired unit air preheater 13, and a coal-fired unit dust collector 14. ; Described coal-fired unit also includes coal-fired unit steam turbine secondary extraction 19 and coal-fired unit steam turbine first-stage extraction 21, described coal-fired unit steam turbine secondary extraction 19 and coal-fired unit steam turbine first-stage extraction 21 Connect the coal-fired unit No. 2 Gaojia 20 and the coal-fired unit No. 1 Gaojia 22 respectively; the waste heat boiler main steam valve group 16 is connected to the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit through a desuperheating water unit 17 and a desuperheating pressure reducer 18. Stage extraction steam 21 is connected in parallel.

As shown in the figure, the rear flue of the flue gas plug-in type isolation door 10 of the present invention is connected with the front flue of the SCR denitration reactor 12 of the coal-fired unit; the rear flue of the SCR denitration reactor 12 of the coal-fired unit is connected to the coal-fired unit The front flue of the dust collector 14 is connected; the waste incineration flue gas purification and exhaust system also includes an SNCR denitration unit 3 arranged on the waste incinerator 2; the outlet steam pipe of the desuperheater 18 is connected to the coal-fired unit The first-stage extraction steam 21 of the steam turbine is connected to the pipeline.

Example: After the domestic garbage is fermented and drained in the garbage storage pit or treated by the pretreatment system, it is fed to the garbage feeding hopper 1 by the garbage grab crane, and then enters the feeding chute and the feeder in the pusher. The effect is uniform and quantitative into the grate garbage incinerator 2. The waste entering the waste incinerator 2 goes through the process of drying, burning and burning. The temperature of the flue gas in the high-temperature combustion area in the furnace chamber of the waste incinerator 2 is not lower than 850°C, and the residence time of the flue gas in the furnace chamber is not less than 2 seconds. The SNCR denitration unit 3 using urea or ammonia water as reducing agent, sprays urea solution or ammonia water solution into the area where the flue gas temperature of the incinerator is 850°C to 1100°C to remove NOx. The high temperature flue gas of the incinerator enters the medium temperature and medium pressure, medium temperature sub-high pressure or sub-high temperature sub-high pressure waste heat boiler 4, and the flue gas heat is absorbed by the waste heat boiler and the flue gas temperature drops to 190~240 ℃. The flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler is successively passed through the semi-dry deacidification tower 5 to remove acidic substances such as HCl, HF, SO2, etc. _The activated carbon injection adsorption unit 6 injects activated carbon into the flue to adsorb heavy metals and dioxins, and dry powder injection deacidification The unit 7 sprays dry powder (slaked lime Ca(OH) ₂ , sodium bicarbonate and other alkaline powders) into the flue to further react with the acidic substances in the flue gas, and the bag filter 8 filters the fly ash particles in the flue gas, removes acid and alkalinity Agents and their products, activated carbon for adsorbing heavy metals and dioxins, etc., form a layer of filter cake on the surface of the filter bag, and the acidic substances in the flue gas can further react with excess alkaline agents to further improve the deacidification efficiency. The limit value of pollutants in the flue gas at the outlet of the bag filter meets or exceeds the regulations of GB18485. After being pressurized by the exhaust induced draft fan 9, it is introduced into the flue before the SCR denitration reactor 12 of the coal-fired unit, and the ultra-low emission facilities of the coal-fired unit are used. , further purify the flue gas generated by waste incineration, and reach the ultra-low emission standard and discharge it through the coal-fired unit smoke exhaust facility, that is, relying on the clean coal-fired unit pollutant centralized treatment facility to realize the coupling of the waste incineration flue gas side and the coal-fired unit. The flue gas generated by waste incineration is introduced into the flue gas before the SCR denitration reactor 12 supporting the coal-fired boiler 11 is provided with a flue gas plug-in type isolation door 10. When the waste furnace or coal-fired unit is out of operation or other necessary circumstances, it can be Cut off the connection on the flue gas side to release the coupling between the flue gas side of the waste incineration and the coal-fired unit.

The feed water passes through the waste heat boiler feed water unit 15 and enters the waste heat boiler to absorb the high temperature flue gas heat generated by waste incineration to generate medium temperature and medium pressure steam (typical parameter 400°C/4.0MPa), medium temperature and sub-high pressure steam (typical parameter 450°C/6.5MPa) or secondary High-temperature and sub-high pressure steam (typical parameter 520°C/7.9MPa), the outlet steam of the waste heat boiler is led to the first-stage extraction steam 21 of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit, and coupled with the first-stage extraction steam 21 of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit into the thermal system of the coal-fired unit. In order to match the outlet steam of the waste heat boiler with the first-stage extraction steam parameters of the steam turbine under different load conditions of the coal-fired unit, the desuperheating water unit 17 and the desuperheater pressure reducer 18 are set to adjust the outlet steam of the waste heat boiler to realize different load conditions. Coal-fired coupled waste incineration power generation. There is a main steam valve group on the main steam pipeline at the outlet of the waste heat boiler. When the garbage furnace or coal-fired unit is out of operation or other necessary conditions, the connection of the steam side can be cut off to release the coupling of the waste incineration steam side and the coal-fired unit.

The high-temperature flue gas generated by the waste incinerator of the utility model in the process of waste incineration is first denitrified by the SNCR denitration unit, then enters the waste heat boiler for cooling, and then passes through the semi-dry deacidification tower, the activated carbon injection adsorption unit, and the dry powder injection unit in sequence. It is purified with bag filter, and the pollutant limit in flue gas reaches or exceeds the requirements of GB18485. After the exhaust induced draft fan is pressurized, it is introduced into the front flue of the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitration reactor of the coal-fired boiler, and the coal-fired unit is used. Ultra-low emission facilities, further purify the flue gas generated by waste incineration as specified in GB18485, and the pollutants in the flue gas will be discharged through the exhaust facilities of coal-fired units that meet the ultra-low emission standards. For the flue gas generated by waste incineration, a flue gas plug-in isolation door is installed on the flue before the SCR denitration reactor of the coal-fired boiler. When the waste furnace or coal-fired unit is out of operation or other necessary circumstances, the waste incineration flue gas can be removed. Coupling of side and coal-fired units.

The waste incinerator flue gas of the utility model is purified by the semi-dry deacidification tower, activated carbon injection adsorption unit, dry powder injection unit, bag filter and other flue gas purification facilities, and the limit value of other pollutants except NOx reaches or exceeds GB18485 It is stipulated that the exhaust induced draft fan is pressurized and introduced into the front flue of the SCR denitration reactor of the coal-fired unit.

The waste incinerator flue gas is purified by the flue gas purification facility to meet or exceed the limit of pollutants specified in GB18485, and is pressurized by the exhaust induced draft fan and introduced into the furnace of the coal-fired boiler.

The waste incinerator flue gas is purified by the flue gas purification facility to meet or exceed the limit of pollutants in GB18485, and is pressurized by the exhaust induced draft fan and introduced into the front flue of the coal-fired boiler dust collector.

Claims (2)

1. a coal-fired unit coupling domestic waste incineration power generation system, comprising a waste incineration system, a waste incineration thermal energy utilization system, a waste incineration flue gas purification and smoke exhaust system and a coal-fired unit, it is characterized in that: the waste incineration system includes a belt A waste incinerator (2) with a waste feed hopper (1); the waste incineration thermal energy utilization system includes a waste heat boiler (4) connected to the exhaust gas passage of the waste incinerator (2), the waste heat boilers (4) are respectively configured There is a connected waste heat boiler water supply unit (15) and a waste heat boiler main steam valve group (16); the waste incineration flue gas purification and smoke exhaust system includes a semi-dry deacidification connected to the waste incinerator (2) tail gas channel Tower (5), connected in sequence to the activated carbon jet adsorption unit (6), the dry powder jet deacidification unit (7), the bag filter (8), the exhaust induced draft fan ( 9) and the flue gas plug-in type isolation door (10); the coal-fired unit includes a coal-fired boiler (11), and the flue gas channel of the coal-fired boiler (11) is matched and connected to the coal-fired unit SCR denitration reaction (12), coal-fired unit air preheater (13) and coal-fired unit dust collector (14); the coal-fired unit further includes the coal-fired unit steam turbine secondary extraction (19) and the coal-fired unit steam turbine primary The steam extraction (21), the second-stage steam extraction (19) of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit and the first-stage steam extraction (21) of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit are respectively connected to the No. Add (22); the waste heat boiler main steam valve group (16) is connected in parallel with the first-stage steam extraction (21) of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit through a desuperheating water unit (17) and a desuperheating pressure reducer (18). 2. The coal-fired unit coupled household waste incineration power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flue behind the flue gas plug-in isolation door (10) and the front of the SCR denitration reactor (12) of the coal-fired unit The flue is connected to the flue; the rear flue of the SCR denitration reactor (12) of the coal-fired unit is connected to the front flue of the dust collector (14) of the coal-fired unit; the waste incineration flue gas purification and exhaust system also includes a waste incinerator. (2) The SNCR denitration unit (3) above; the outlet steam pipeline of the desuperheater and pressure reducer (18) is connected to the first-stage extraction steam (21) pipeline of the steam turbine of the coal-fired unit.