CN209098375U - Step-by-step treatment and resource recovery device for heavy metal ions in industrial wastewater - Google Patents
Step-by-step treatment and resource recovery device for heavy metal ions in industrial wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 121
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 90
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 86
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 36
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910052571 earthenware Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910018661 Ni(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001240 inorganic pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及涂装废水回收技术领域，具体涉及一种工业废水中重金属离子的分步处理与资源化回收装置。The utility model relates to the technical field of coating wastewater recycling, in particular to a step-by-step treatment and resource recovery device for heavy metal ions in industrial wastewater.
背景技术Background technique
据统计，我国每年自行车喷涂工艺产生的废水大约为35亿吨，每年汽车喷涂工艺产生的废水大约为80亿吨。涂装废水水质复杂，化学耗氧量含量高，一般为1200～2000mg/L，可生化性差，污水可生化降解性的指标：5日生化需氧量与化学需氧量的比值＜0.3。涂装酸性强，pH＝1.5～3.0，含有大量铁、镍、锰、锌、Cl-、SO4 2-等多种无机污染物，如锌离子浓度为250～300mg/L。According to statistics, the waste water produced by the bicycle spraying process in my country is about 3.5 billion tons each year, and the waste water produced by the automobile spraying process is about 8 billion tons each year. The water quality of the coating wastewater is complex, and the chemical oxygen consumption content is high, generally 1200-2000 mg/L, and the biodegradability is poor. The coating has strong acidity, pH=1.5～3.0, and contains a large amount of inorganic pollutants such as iron, nickel, manganese, zinc, Cl - , SO 4 2- , etc. For example, the zinc ion concentration is 250～300mg/L.
混凝沉淀是处理涂装废水传统且常见的工艺，采用此工艺必然会产生大量重金属沉淀物，这种废物被定义为危险废物。目前全世界危险废物的年产量超过4×108吨，我国危险废物的年产量逐年增加，年平均增长率比较高，到2015 年，我国危险废物的年产量达到6000万吨。Coagulation and sedimentation is a traditional and common process for the treatment of coating wastewater. The use of this process will inevitably produce a large amount of heavy metal sediment, which is defined as hazardous waste. At present, the annual output of hazardous waste in the world exceeds 4×10 8 tons. The annual output of hazardous waste in China is increasing year by year, and the average annual growth rate is relatively high. By 2015, the annual output of hazardous waste in China will reach 60 million tons.
危险废物的危害主要有两个方面：不恰当的排放和贮存，危险废物在雨水及地下水的长期渗透和扩散作用下，水体及土壤收到污染；人体接触后会对人体健康产生不利影响，甚至致癌。The hazards of hazardous wastes mainly include two aspects: improper discharge and storage, long-term infiltration and diffusion of hazardous wastes by rainwater and groundwater, contamination of water and soil; Carcinogenic.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对现有技术中的不足，本实用新型的目的是提供一种能够分步回收涂装废水中的金属离子的装置。Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device capable of recovering metal ions in the coating wastewater step by step.
为实现上述目的，针对汽车涂装废水中的金属元素通过不同pH下不同金属离子产生沉淀物的原理，将三种金属离子从废水中分离出来，分别回收。In order to achieve the above purpose, in view of the principle that the metal elements in the automobile coating wastewater produce precipitates through different metal ions at different pH, three kinds of metal ions are separated from the wastewater and recovered separately.
本实用新型采用的技术方案是：一种工业废水中重金属离子的分步处理与资源化回收装置，包括依序连通的陶瓷平板膜池、混凝沉淀池、碱洗池、中和池和PLC控制器，所述陶瓷平板膜池内底部设有曝气泵；所述混凝沉淀池、碱洗池、中和池中分别设有混凝区和沉淀区，所述混凝区设有搅拌装置和加药装置；所述PLC控制器分别设有伸入所述混凝沉淀池、碱洗池、中和池内搅拌区的监测探头和与所述加药装置、曝气泵电连接。The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is: a step-by-step treatment and resource recovery device for heavy metal ions in industrial waste water, comprising a ceramic flat membrane tank, a coagulation sedimentation tank, an alkaline washing tank, a neutralization tank and a PLC connected in sequence. Controller, an aeration pump is arranged at the bottom of the ceramic flat membrane tank; a coagulation zone and a sedimentation zone are respectively provided in the coagulation sedimentation tank, the alkali washing tank, and the neutralization tank, and the coagulation zone is provided with a stirring device and a dosing device; the PLC controller is respectively provided with monitoring probes extending into the stirring zone in the coagulation sedimentation tank, the alkaline washing tank and the neutralization tank, and is electrically connected with the dosing device and the aeration pump.
所述混凝沉淀池通过与碱洗池相接的侧壁低与碱洗池连通，所述碱洗池通过与中和池相接的侧壁底与中和池连通。The coagulation and sedimentation tank is communicated with the alkaline washing tank through the side wall connected with the alkaline washing tank, and the alkaline washing tank is connected with the neutralization tank through the side wall bottom connected with the neutralization tank.
所述的陶瓷平板膜池的进水通过管道与水泵连接，池内设有陶瓷平板膜组件，陶瓷平板膜组件上部通过管道依次连接阀门和过滤水泵，通过阀门控制过滤水泵的抽停水，过滤水泵后面的管道与混凝沉淀池连接；陶瓷平板膜组件上部通过管道还依次连接阀门和反冲洗水泵，陶瓷平板膜池底部设有曝气装置通过管道连接曝气泵；The water inlet of the ceramic flat membrane tank is connected to the water pump through a pipeline, a ceramic flat membrane assembly is arranged in the tank, and the upper part of the ceramic flat membrane assembly is connected to a valve and a filter water pump in turn through a pipeline, and the valve controls the pumping and stopping of the filter water pump and the filter water pump. The back pipeline is connected with the coagulation and sedimentation tank; the upper part of the ceramic flat membrane module is also connected to the valve and the backwash water pump in turn through the pipeline, and the bottom of the ceramic flat membrane tank is provided with an aeration device connected to the aeration pump through the pipeline;
所述的混凝沉淀池通过管道与过滤水泵连接，隔板将混凝沉淀池分为混凝区和沉淀区两部分，混凝区内设有搅拌装置并通过二池搅拌桨与池上部的搅拌电机连接，过氧化氢加药罐连接计量泵通过管道连接到混凝区内，氢氧化钠加药罐连接计量泵通过管道连接到混凝区内，隔板与斜板之间形成导流缝，混凝区与沉淀区经导流缝连接，池底部设有排泥管；The coagulation sedimentation tank is connected with the filter water pump through the pipeline, and the partition plate divides the coagulation sedimentation tank into two parts: the coagulation area and the sedimentation area. The stirring motor is connected, the hydrogen peroxide dosing tank is connected to the metering pump and is connected to the coagulation area through a pipeline, and the sodium hydroxide dosing tank is connected to the metering pump and is connected to the coagulation area through a pipeline, and a diversion is formed between the partition and the inclined plate. The coagulation area and the sedimentation area are connected by the diversion joint, and the bottom of the tank is provided with a sludge discharge pipe;
所述的碱洗池的进水由混凝沉淀池的沉淀区溢流过来，隔板将碱洗池分为混凝区和沉淀区两部分，混凝区内设有搅拌装置并通过三池搅拌桨与池上部的搅拌电机连接，氢氧化钠加药罐连接计量泵通过管道连接到混凝区内，隔板与斜板之间形成导流缝，混凝区与沉淀区经导流缝连接，池底部设有排泥管；The influent water of the alkaline washing tank overflows from the sedimentation area of the coagulation and sedimentation tank. The partition plate divides the alkaline washing tank into two parts: the coagulation area and the sedimentation area. The paddle is connected to the stirring motor on the upper part of the tank, the sodium hydroxide dosing tank is connected to the metering pump and is connected to the coagulation area through a pipeline, a diversion joint is formed between the partition plate and the inclined plate, and the coagulation area and the sedimentation area are connected through the diversion joint. , There is a mud discharge pipe at the bottom of the pool;
所述的中和池进水由碱洗池的沉淀区溢流过来，池内通过隔板将碱洗池分为混凝区和沉淀区两部分，混凝区内设有搅拌装置并通过四池搅拌桨与池上部的搅拌电机连接，盐酸加药罐连接计量泵通过管道连接到混凝区内，隔板与斜板之间形成导流缝，混凝区与沉淀区经导流缝连接，池底部设有排泥管，出水由出水管排出；The influent water of the neutralization tank overflows from the sedimentation area of the alkaline washing tank, and the alkaline washing tank is divided into two parts: a coagulation area and a sedimentation area by a partition plate. The stirring paddle is connected to the stirring motor on the upper part of the tank, the hydrochloric acid dosing tank is connected to the metering pump and is connected to the coagulation area through a pipeline, a diversion joint is formed between the partition plate and the inclined plate, and the coagulation area and the sedimentation area are connected through the diversion joint. There is a mud discharge pipe at the bottom of the pool, and the water is discharged from the water outlet pipe;
所述的PLC控制器与加药装置的各个计量泵电连接。The PLC controller is electrically connected with each metering pump of the dosing device.
经陶瓷平板膜池过滤后的过滤水由阀门控制经过过滤水泵进入混凝沉淀池，所述陶瓷平板膜组件还连接反冲洗管道，由阀门控制通过反冲洗水泵泵入反冲洗水对膜组件进行清洗。The filtered water filtered by the ceramic flat membrane tank is controlled by the valve and enters the coagulation and sedimentation tank through the filter water pump. cleaning.
所述的搅拌装置采用三叶螺旋桨，所述三叶螺旋桨的叶片为三个弯曲叶片形成，将水与药物快速搅拌均匀且将水向上提升，在混凝区内将水进行循环流动。The stirring device adopts a three-blade propeller, and the blades of the three-blade propeller are formed by three curved blades, which can quickly stir the water and the medicine evenly and lift the water upward, and circulate the water in the coagulation zone.
本实用新型采用的另一种技术方案是：一种废水中重金属离子的资源化处理方法，包括以下步骤：Another technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a method for recycling heavy metal ions in waste water, comprising the following steps:
步骤一、废水在陶瓷平板膜池内过滤：原水由进水泵泵入陶瓷平板膜池内，在过滤水泵的抽吸作用下，废水透过膜流经管道进入到混凝沉淀池内，油类、 SS杂质被截留在陶瓷平板膜组件表面；对膜组件进行清洗时，在反冲洗水泵的作用下，清水被泵入到陶瓷平板膜组件内部，同时配合曝气装置产生的气泡将附着在陶瓷平板膜组件表面的物质清洗掉；Step 1. The wastewater is filtered in the ceramic flat membrane tank: the raw water is pumped into the ceramic flat membrane tank by the inlet pump. Under the suction action of the filter pump, the wastewater flows through the membrane and enters the coagulation and sedimentation tank through the pipeline. Oil, SS impurities It is trapped on the surface of the ceramic flat membrane module; when cleaning the membrane module, under the action of the backwash pump, clean water is pumped into the ceramic flat membrane module, and the bubbles generated by the aeration device will adhere to the ceramic flat membrane module. surface substances are cleaned;
步骤二、经过步骤一的废水溢流进入混凝沉淀池内沉淀：通过混凝区内的探头将废水的pH以及二价铁离子的浓度反映到PLC控制器中，PLC控制器控制计量泵与计量泵的开关使混凝区内废水的pH保持在3-5，且二价铁离子消失，然后计量泵将加药罐中的过氧化氢加入到混凝沉淀池的混凝区中，将Fe2+氧化为Fe3+，计量泵将加药罐中的氢氧化钠加入到混凝沉淀池的混凝区中，调节pH 为4，搅拌装置通过搅拌提升形成环流将药剂与废水均匀混合，Fe3+与氢氧根离子形成Fe(OH)3沉淀，在沉淀区中完成沉淀；Step 2. The wastewater overflowed in step 1 enters the coagulation sedimentation tank for precipitation: the pH of the wastewater and the concentration of ferrous ions are reflected in the PLC controller through the probe in the coagulation zone, and the PLC controller controls the metering pump and metering. The switch of the pump keeps the pH of the wastewater in the coagulation zone at 3-5, and the divalent iron ions disappear, and then the metering pump adds the hydrogen peroxide in the dosing tank to the coagulation zone of the coagulation sedimentation tank, and the Fe 2+ is oxidized to Fe 3+ , the metering pump adds the sodium hydroxide in the dosing tank to the coagulation zone of the coagulation and sedimentation tank, adjusts the pH to 4, and the stirring device forms a circulation through stirring and lifting to uniformly mix the chemical and the wastewater. Fe 3+ and hydroxide ions form Fe(OH) 3 precipitation, and the precipitation is completed in the precipitation zone;
步骤三、经过步骤二的废水进入碱洗池内沉淀：混凝区内的探头将废水的 pH以反映到PLC控制器，PLC控制器控制计量泵的开关来保证混凝区内废水的pH保持在11-13，沉淀区的上清液溢流进入碱洗池的混凝区中，计量泵将加药罐中的氢氧化钠加入到碱洗池的混凝区中，调节pH到9，搅拌装置通过搅拌提升形成环流将药剂与废水均匀混合，锌、镍离子与氢氧根离子形成Ni(OH)2沉淀和Zn(OH)2沉淀，继续加过量碱，调节pH到12，Zn(OH)2沉淀溶解，留在水中的Ni(OH)2沉淀物在沉淀区完成沉淀；Step 3. The waste water after step 2 enters the alkaline washing tank for precipitation: the probe in the coagulation zone reflects the pH of the waste water to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the switch of the metering pump to ensure that the pH of the waste water in the coagulation zone is maintained at the same level. 11-13, the supernatant in the precipitation zone overflows into the coagulation zone of the alkaline washing tank, the metering pump adds the sodium hydroxide in the dosing tank to the coagulation zone of the alkaline washing tank, adjusts the pH to 9, and stirs. The device is stirred and lifted to form a circulation to uniformly mix the chemicals and wastewater, and zinc, nickel ions and hydroxide ions form Ni(OH) 2 precipitation and Zn(OH) 2 precipitation, continue to add excess alkali, adjust the pH to 12, Zn(OH) 2 ) 2 The precipitate dissolves, and the Ni(OH) 2 precipitate left in the water completes the precipitation in the precipitation zone;
步骤四、经过步骤三的废水进入中和池内，混凝区内的探头将废水的pH以反映到PLC控制器中，PLC控制器控制计量泵的开关来保证混凝区内废水的pH 保持在8-10，沉淀区的上清液溢流到中和池的混凝区内，计量泵将加药罐中的盐酸加入到中和池的混凝区内，中和过量碱，调节pH到9，锌离子与氢氧根离子形成Zn(OH)2沉淀，在沉淀区中完成沉淀，被斜板截留下来，出水经出水管排出。Step 4. After the waste water in Step 3 enters the neutralization tank, the probe in the coagulation zone reflects the pH of the waste water to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the switch of the metering pump to ensure that the pH of the waste water in the coagulation zone remains within the 8-10, the supernatant in the sedimentation area overflows into the coagulation area of the neutralization tank, and the metering pump adds the hydrochloric acid in the dosing tank to the coagulation area of the neutralization tank to neutralize the excess alkali and adjust the pH to 9. Zinc ions and hydroxide ions form Zn(OH) 2 precipitation, and the precipitation is completed in the precipitation zone, which is intercepted by the inclined plate, and the effluent is discharged through the water outlet pipe.
所述步骤三，铁离子沉淀后上清液需要进入到碱洗池，加碱后锌、镍离子形成沉淀，Zn(OH)2是一种两性化合物，可溶于酸或碱，加过量碱使锌离子沉淀溶解，可以得到镍离子沉淀，含锌离子的上清液进入中和池的混凝区内，加酸调节pH使锌离子重新形成沉淀。Described step 3, after iron ion precipitation supernatant liquid needs to enter into alkaline washing tank, after adding alkali, zinc, nickel ion form precipitation, Zn(OH) 2 is a kind of amphoteric compound, can be dissolved in acid or alkali, add excessive alkali The zinc ion precipitation is dissolved to obtain nickel ion precipitation, the supernatant liquid containing zinc ion enters the coagulation zone of the neutralization tank, and the pH is adjusted by adding acid to make the zinc ion re-precipitate.
步骤一所述陶瓷平板膜进出水形式为外进内出，材料为氧化铝，孔径为0.1 μm，可处理废水的pH范围为2～12，颗粒去除率≥95％，通量为50LMH，运行方式为9.5min抽吸/0.5min反冲洗，膜清洗采用在线清洗的方式，反冲洗结合曝气清洗膜。In step 1, the water in and out of the ceramic flat membrane is in the form of external in and out, the material is alumina, the pore size is 0.1 μm, the pH range of the treated wastewater is 2-12, the particle removal rate is ≥ 95%, and the flux is 50LMH. The method is 9.5min suction/0.5min backwashing, and the membrane cleaning adopts the method of online cleaning, backwashing combined with aeration to clean the membrane.
本实用新型的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:
(1)原水经过陶瓷平板膜池在膜过滤的作用下，悬浮物去除率可达到95％以上，油类去除率可达99％以上，膜经过反冲洗加曝气后，膜功能恢复正常。(1) Under the action of membrane filtration of raw water through the ceramic flat membrane tank, the removal rate of suspended solids can reach more than 95%, and the removal rate of oil can reach more than 99%. After the membrane is backwashed and aerated, the membrane function returns to normal.
(2)混凝沉淀池内加过30％的H2O2将Fe2+氧化为Fe3+，加50％的NaOH 调节pH到4左右，使得铁离子生成沉淀，铁离子的回收率接近99％，纯度接近80％；碱洗池内，加50％的NaOH调节pH到12左右，使得镍离子生成沉淀，镍离子的回收率接近100％，纯度为80％～95％；中和池内，加1mol/L的HCL 调节pH到9左右，使得锌离子生成沉淀，锌离子的回收率接近100％，纯度为 85％～95％。(2) 30% H 2 O 2 was added to the coagulation sedimentation tank to oxidize Fe 2+ to Fe 3+ , and 50% NaOH was added to adjust the pH to about 4, so that iron ions were precipitated, and the recovery rate of iron ions was close to 99% %, the purity is close to 80%; in the alkaline washing tank, add 50% NaOH to adjust the pH to about 12, so that nickel ions are precipitated, the recovery rate of nickel ions is close to 100%, and the purity is 80% to 95%; The pH of 1 mol/L HCL is adjusted to about 9, so that zinc ions are precipitated, the recovery rate of zinc ions is close to 100%, and the purity is 85% to 95%.
(3)混凝沉淀池的混凝区内的三叶螺旋立式搅拌桨可将水提升形成水流的循环，使得絮凝区内的反应更加充分，将水提升上来，水中还未反应的药物再次被利用，药物的利用率增加，减少药物消耗量。(3) The three-blade helical vertical stirring paddle in the coagulation zone of the coagulation sedimentation tank can lift the water to form a circulation of water flow, so that the reaction in the flocculation zone is more sufficient, and the water is lifted up, and the unreacted drugs in the water are again be utilized, the utilization rate of the drug is increased, and the consumption of the drug is reduced.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
图1为本实用新型的陶瓷平板膜池示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the ceramic plate membrane pool of the utility model;
图2为本实用新型铁、锌、镍三种离子分离回收装置示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of three kinds of ion separation and recovery device of iron, zinc and nickel of the utility model;
图3为本实用新型涂装废水中铁、锌、镍离子的分离回收装置示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of a separation and recovery device for iron, zinc and nickel ions in the coating wastewater of the present invention;
图4为本实用新型涂装废水中铁、锌、镍离子的分离回收处理方法流程图。Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the separation and recovery treatment method of iron, zinc and nickel ions in the coating wastewater of the present invention.
图中：In the picture:
1、陶瓷平板膜池1. Ceramic flat membrane tank
101、进水泵 102、陶瓷平板膜组件 103、过滤水泵101. Inlet water pump 102. Ceramic flat membrane module 103. Filter water pump
104、阀门 105、反冲洗水泵 106、阀门控制104, valve 105, backwash water pump 106, valve control
107、曝气装置 108、曝气泵107. Aeration device 108. Aeration pump
2、混凝沉淀池2. Coagulation sedimentation tank
201、混凝沉淀池搅拌装置 202、二池搅拌桨201. Stirring device for coagulation and sedimentation tank 202. Stirring paddle for the second pool
203、混凝沉淀池搅拌电机203. Stirring motor for coagulation sedimentation tank
204、混凝沉淀池隔板 205、混凝沉淀池导流缝204. Separator of coagulation sedimentation tank 205. Diversion joint of coagulation sedimentation tank
206、混凝沉淀池排泥管206. Mud discharge pipe of coagulation sedimentation tank
207、加药罐 08、过氧化氢计量泵 209、混凝沉淀池加药罐207. Dosing tank 08. Hydrogen peroxide metering pump 209. Dosing tank for coagulation sedimentation tank
210、氢氧化钠计量泵 211、混凝沉淀池斜板210. Sodium hydroxide metering pump 211. Inclined plate of coagulation sedimentation tank
212、混凝沉淀池混凝区212. Coagulation zone of coagulation sedimentation tank
213、混凝沉淀池沉淀区213. Coagulation sedimentation tank sedimentation area
3、碱洗池3. Alkaline washing pool
301、碱洗池搅拌装置 302、三池搅拌桨 303、碱洗池搅拌电机301. Stirring device for alkaline washing tank 302. Stirring paddle for three tanks 303. Stirring motor for alkaline washing tank
304、碱洗池隔板 305、碱洗池导流缝 306、碱洗池排泥管304. Partition of alkaline washing tank 305. Diversion joint of alkaline washing tank 306. Mud discharge pipe of alkaline washing tank
307、碱洗池加药罐 308、碱洗池计量泵 309、碱洗池斜板307. Dosing tank for alkaline washing tank 308. Metering pump for alkaline washing tank 309. Inclined plate for alkaline washing tank
310、碱洗池混凝区 311、碱洗池沉淀区310. Coagulation zone of alkaline washing tank 311. Sedimentation zone of alkaline washing tank
4、中和池4. Neutralization pool
401、中和池搅拌装置 402、四池搅拌桨 403、中和池搅拌电机401, Neutralization tank stirring device 402, Four tank stirring paddles 403, Neutralization tank stirring motor
404、中和池隔板 405、中和池导流缝 406、中和池排泥管404, Neutralization tank separator 405, Neutralization tank diversion joint 406, Neutralization tank mud discharge pipe
407、出水管 408、加药罐 409、中和池计量泵407, water outlet pipe 408, dosing tank 409, neutralizing tank metering pump
410、中和池斜板 411、中和池混凝区 412、中和池沉淀区410, sloping plate of neutralization tank 411, coagulation area of neutralization tank 412, sedimentation area of neutralization tank
501、PLC控制器 502、探头 503、探头501, PLC controller 502, probe 503, probe
504、探头504. Probe
具体实施方式Detailed ways
结合附图对本实用新型的涂装废水中铁、锌、镍离子的分离回收的处理方法及装置加以说明。The treatment method and device for the separation and recovery of iron, zinc and nickel ions in the coating wastewater of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如图1～2所示，本实用新型的涂装废水中铁、锌、镍离子的分离回收装置包括陶瓷平板膜池1、混凝沉淀池2、碱洗池3、中和池4且依次连通。As shown in Figures 1-2, the device for separating and recovering iron, zinc and nickel ions in the coating wastewater of the present invention includes a ceramic flat membrane tank 1, a coagulation sedimentation tank 2, an alkaline washing tank 3, and a neutralization tank 4, which are connected in sequence. .
所述的陶瓷平板膜池1的进水通过管道与水泵101连接，池内设有陶瓷平板膜组件102，陶瓷平板膜组件102上部通过管道依次连接阀门104和过滤水泵 103，通过阀门104控制过滤水泵103的抽停水，过滤水泵103后面的管道与混凝沉淀池2连接；陶瓷平板膜组件102上部通过管道还依次连接阀门控制106 和反冲洗水泵105，陶瓷平板膜池1底部设有曝气装置107通过管道连接曝气泵 108。The water inlet of the ceramic flat membrane pool 1 is connected to the water pump 101 through a pipeline, a ceramic flat membrane module 102 is arranged in the pool, the upper part of the ceramic flat membrane module 102 is connected to a valve 104 and a filter water pump 103 in turn through a pipeline, and the filter water pump is controlled by the valve 104. 103, the pipeline behind the filter water pump 103 is connected to the coagulation sedimentation tank 2; the upper part of the ceramic flat membrane module 102 is also connected to the valve control 106 and the backwash water pump 105 in turn through the pipeline, and the bottom of the ceramic flat membrane tank 1 is provided with aeration. The device 107 is connected to the aeration pump 108 through pipes.
所述的混凝沉淀池2通过管道与过滤水泵103连接，混凝沉淀池隔板204 将混凝沉淀池2分为混凝沉淀池混凝区212和混凝沉淀池沉淀区213两部分，混凝沉淀池混凝区212内设有混凝沉淀池搅拌装置201并通过搅拌桨202与池上部的混凝沉淀池搅拌电机203连接，通过搅拌提升混合液形成环流将药剂与废水均匀混合，过氧化氢加药罐207连接过氧化氢计量泵208通过管道连接到混凝沉淀池混凝区212内，氢氧化钠混凝沉淀池加药罐209连接氢氧化钠计量泵210通过管道连接到混凝沉淀池混凝区212内，混凝沉淀池隔板204与混凝沉淀池斜板211之间形成混凝沉淀池导流缝205，混凝沉淀池混凝区212与混凝沉淀池沉淀区213经混凝沉淀池导流缝205连通，池底部设有混凝沉淀池排泥管206；The coagulation and sedimentation tank 2 is connected to the filter water pump 103 through a pipeline, and the coagulation and sedimentation tank partition 204 divides the coagulation and sedimentation tank 2 into two parts, a coagulation sedimentation tank coagulation area 212 and a coagulation sedimentation tank sedimentation area 213. The coagulation and sedimentation tank coagulation zone 212 is provided with a coagulation sedimentation tank stirring device 201 and is connected to the coagulation sedimentation tank stirring motor 203 on the upper part of the tank through a stirring paddle 202. The hydrogen peroxide dosing tank 207 is connected to the hydrogen peroxide metering pump 208 and is connected to the coagulation zone 212 of the coagulation sedimentation tank through pipelines, and the sodium hydroxide coagulation sedimentation tank dosing tank 209 is connected to the sodium hydroxide metering pump 210 through pipelines. In the coagulation zone 212 of the coagulation sedimentation tank, a coagulation sedimentation tank diversion joint 205 is formed between the coagulation sedimentation tank partition plate 204 and the coagulation sedimentation tank inclined plate 211, and the coagulation sedimentation tank coagulation zone 212 is connected to the coagulation sedimentation tank. The sedimentation area 213 is communicated with the coagulation sedimentation tank diversion joint 205, and the coagulation sedimentation tank mud discharge pipe 206 is arranged at the bottom of the tank;
所述的碱洗池3的进水由混凝沉淀池2的混凝沉淀池沉淀区213溢流过来，碱洗池隔板304将碱洗池3分为碱洗池混凝区310和碱洗池沉淀区311两部分，碱洗池混凝区310内设有碱洗池搅拌装置301并通过搅拌桨302与池上部的碱洗池搅拌电机303连接，氢氧化钠碱洗池加药罐307连接碱洗池计量泵308通过管道连接到碱洗池混凝区310内，碱洗池隔板304与碱洗池斜板309之间形成碱洗池导流缝305，碱洗池混凝区310与碱洗池沉淀区311经碱洗池导流缝 305连接，池底部设有碱洗池排泥管306；The influent of the alkaline washing tank 3 overflows from the coagulation sedimentation tank sedimentation zone 213 of the coagulation sedimentation tank 2, and the alkaline washing tank partition 304 divides the alkaline washing tank 3 into the alkaline washing tank coagulation zone 310 and the alkaline washing tank. The washing tank sedimentation area 311 has two parts. The alkaline washing tank coagulation area 310 is provided with an alkaline washing tank stirring device 301 and is connected to the alkaline washing tank stirring motor 303 on the upper part of the tank through a stirring paddle 302. The sodium hydroxide alkaline washing tank dosing tank 307 is connected to the alkaline washing tank metering pump 308 is connected to the coagulation zone 310 of the alkaline washing tank through a pipeline, the alkaline washing tank baffle 304 and the alkaline washing tank inclined plate 309 form the alkaline washing tank diversion joint 305, and the alkaline washing tank coagulation The area 310 is connected with the sedimentation area 311 of the alkaline washing tank through the diversion joint 305 of the alkaline washing tank, and the bottom of the tank is provided with a sludge discharge pipe 306 of the alkaline washing tank;
所述的中和池4进水由碱洗池3的碱洗池沉淀区311溢流过来，池内通过中和池隔板404将碱洗池分为中和池混凝区411和中和池沉淀区412两部分，中和池混凝区411内设有中和池搅拌装置401并通过搅拌桨402与池上部的中和池搅拌电机403连接，出水管407连接计量泵408通过管道连接到中和池混凝区411内，中和池隔板404与中和池斜板410之间形成中和池导流缝405，中和池混凝区411与中和池沉淀区412经中和池导流缝405连接，池底部设有中和池排泥管406，出水由出水管407排出；所述的PLC控制器5连接三个探头，分别放置在混凝沉淀池2、碱洗池3、中和沉淀池4中，对水质状况进行监测， PLC控制器5还连接加药的所有计量泵以及曝气泵108。The influent water of the neutralization tank 4 is overflowed by the alkali cleaning tank sedimentation area 311 of the alkali cleaning tank 3, and the alkali cleaning tank is divided into the neutralization tank coagulation area 411 and the neutralization tank by the neutralization tank partition plate 404 in the tank. The settling area 412 is divided into two parts, the neutralization tank coagulation area 411 is provided with a neutralization tank stirring device 401 and is connected with the neutralization tank stirring motor 403 on the upper part of the tank through the stirring paddle 402, and the water outlet pipe 407 is connected to the metering pump 408 through the pipeline. In the coagulation area 411 of the neutralization tank, the neutralization tank diversion gap 405 is formed between the neutralization tank partition plate 404 and the neutralization tank inclined plate 410, and the neutralization tank coagulation area 411 and the neutralization tank sedimentation area 412 are neutralized. The pool diversion joint 405 is connected, the bottom of the pool is provided with a neutralization pool mud discharge pipe 406, and the effluent is discharged from the water outlet pipe 407; the PLC controller 5 is connected with three probes, which are respectively placed in the coagulation sedimentation tank 2 and the alkaline washing tank. 3. In the neutralization sedimentation tank 4, the water quality is monitored, and the PLC controller 5 is also connected to all metering pumps and aeration pumps 108 for dosing.
所述的陶瓷平板膜池1采用其先进行预处理，截留掉95％以上的悬浮物以及99％以上的油漆类物质等。废水泵入陶瓷平板膜池1，在压力驱动下，原水在膜管内或膜外侧流动，小分子物质或液体透过膜，大分子物质或固体被膜截留，过滤水由阀门104控制经过过滤水泵103进入混凝沉淀池2，陶瓷平板膜组件102还连接反冲洗管道，由阀门控制106通过反冲洗水泵105泵入反冲洗水对膜组件进行清洗，池底设有曝气装置107连接曝气泵108，配合反冲洗水清洗膜组件。陶瓷平板膜进出水形式为外进内出，材料为氧化铝，孔径为0.1μm，可处理废水的pH范围为2～12，颗粒去除率≥95％，通量为50LMH，运行方式为 9.5min抽吸/0.5min反冲洗，膜清洗采用在线清洗的方式，反冲洗结合曝气清洗膜。The ceramic flat membrane tank 1 is used for pretreatment first, and more than 95% of suspended solids and more than 99% of paint-like substances are intercepted. The waste water is pumped into the ceramic flat membrane tank 1. Driven by pressure, the raw water flows in the membrane tube or outside the membrane. Small molecular substances or liquids pass through the membrane, and macromolecular substances or solids are retained by the membrane. The filtered water is controlled by the valve 104 and passes through the filter water pump 103. Entering the coagulation sedimentation tank 2, the ceramic flat membrane module 102 is also connected to the backwash pipeline, and the backwash water is pumped in by the valve control 106 through the backwash pump 105 to clean the membrane module. An aeration device 107 is provided at the bottom of the pool to connect to the aeration pump 108. Clean the membrane module with backwash water. The water in and out of the ceramic flat membrane is in the form of external in and out, the material is alumina, the pore size is 0.1 μm, the pH range of the treated wastewater is 2~12, the particle removal rate is ≥ 95%, the flux is 50LMH, and the operation mode is 9.5min Suction/0.5min backwashing, the membrane cleaning adopts the method of online cleaning, backwashing combined with aeration to clean the membrane.
所述的混凝沉淀池2，过氧化氢计量泵208将加药罐207中的过氧化氢加入到混凝沉淀池2的混凝沉淀池混凝区212中，将Fe2+氧化为Fe3+，氢氧化钠计量泵210将混凝沉淀池加药罐209中的氢氧化钠加入到混凝沉淀池2的混凝沉淀池混凝区212中，调节pH为4，混凝沉淀池搅拌装置201通过搅拌提升形成环流将药剂与废水均匀混合，Fe3+与氢氧根离子形成Fe(OH)3沉淀，在混凝沉淀池沉淀区213中完成沉淀；混凝沉淀池沉淀区213的上清液溢流进入碱洗池3的碱洗池混凝区310中。In the coagulation sedimentation tank 2, the hydrogen peroxide metering pump 208 adds the hydrogen peroxide in the dosing tank 207 to the coagulation sedimentation tank coagulation zone 212 of the coagulation sedimentation tank 2, and oxidizes Fe 2+ to Fe 3+ , the sodium hydroxide metering pump 210 adds the sodium hydroxide in the coagulation sedimentation tank dosing tank 209 to the coagulation sedimentation tank coagulation zone 212 of the coagulation sedimentation tank 2, adjusts the pH to 4, and the coagulation sedimentation tank The stirring device 201 forms a circulation by stirring and lifting to uniformly mix the agent and the wastewater, Fe 3+ and hydroxide ions form Fe(OH) 3 precipitation, and the precipitation is completed in the coagulation sedimentation tank sedimentation zone 213; the coagulation sedimentation tank sedimentation zone 213 The supernatant overflows into the coagulation zone 310 of the alkaline washing tank 3 of the alkaline washing tank.
所述的碱洗池3，碱洗池计量泵308将碱洗池加药罐307中的氢氧化钠加入到碱洗池3的碱洗池混凝区310中，调节pH到9，碱洗池搅拌装置301通过搅拌提升形成环流将药剂与废水均匀混合，锌、镍离子与氢氧根离子形成Ni(OH)2沉淀和Zn(OH)2沉淀，继续加过量碱，调节pH到12，Zn(OH)2沉淀溶解，留在水中的Ni(OH)2沉淀物在碱洗池沉淀区311完成沉淀；碱洗池沉淀区311的上清液溢流到中和池4的中和池混凝区411内。In the alkaline washing tank 3, the alkaline washing tank metering pump 308 adds the sodium hydroxide in the alkaline washing tank dosing tank 307 into the alkaline washing tank coagulation zone 310 of the alkaline washing tank 3, adjusts the pH to 9, and then adjusts the pH to 9. The pool stirring device 301 forms a circulation by stirring and lifting to uniformly mix the agent and the wastewater, and the zinc, nickel ions and hydroxide ions form Ni(OH) 2 precipitation and Zn(OH) 2 precipitation, continue to add excess alkali, adjust the pH to 12, The Zn(OH) 2 precipitates and dissolves, and the Ni(OH) 2 precipitate left in the water completes the precipitation in the precipitation zone 311 of the alkaline washing tank; the supernatant in the sedimentation zone 311 of the alkaline washing tank overflows into the neutralization tank of the neutralization tank 4 in the coagulation zone 411 .
所述的中和池4的中和池计量泵409将加药罐408中的盐酸加入到中和池4 的中和池混凝区411内，中和过量碱，调节pH到9，锌离子与氢氧根离子形成 Zn(OH)2沉淀，在中和池沉淀区412中完成沉淀，被中和池斜板410截留下来，出水经出水管407排出。The neutralization tank metering pump 409 of the neutralization tank 4 adds the hydrochloric acid in the dosing tank 408 into the neutralization tank coagulation zone 411 of the neutralization tank 4 to neutralize the excess alkali, adjust the pH to 9, and the zinc ion It forms Zn(OH) 2 precipitation with hydroxide ions, completes the precipitation in the neutralization tank precipitation zone 412, and is intercepted by the neutralization tank inclined plate 410, and the effluent is discharged through the water outlet pipe 407.
所述的PLC控制器501，在混凝沉淀池2的混凝区212中连接有探头502，监测废水中的pH值和二价铁离子的含量，pH值若＞4，PLC控制器501将控制氢氧化钠混凝沉淀池加药罐209上的氢氧化钠计量泵210加药维持pH在4左右，若pH＜3.5，则停止加药；若废水中出现二价铁离子，PLC控制器501将控制过氧化氢加药罐207上的过氧化氢计量泵208加药，将Fe2+氧化为Fe3+，若无二价铁离子，则停止加药。PLC控制器501在碱洗池3的碱洗池混凝区310中设有探头503，监测废水中的pH值，pH＜12，PLC控制器501将控制氢氧化钠碱洗池加药罐307上的碱洗池计量泵308加药维持pH在12左右，若pH＞12，则停止加药。PLC控制器501在中和池4的中和池混凝区411中设有探头504，监测废水中的pH值，pH＜8.5，PLC控制器501将控制氢氧化钠加药罐408上的中和池计量泵409加药维持pH在9左右，若pH＞9，则停止加药。The PLC controller 501 is connected with a probe 502 in the coagulation zone 212 of the coagulation sedimentation tank 2 to monitor the pH value and the content of ferrous ions in the wastewater. If the pH value is greater than 4, the PLC controller 501 will Control the sodium hydroxide metering pump 210 on the dosing tank 209 of the sodium hydroxide coagulation sedimentation tank to maintain the pH of about 4. If the pH is less than 3.5, stop the dosing; if ferrous ions appear in the wastewater, the PLC controller 501 will control the hydrogen peroxide metering pump 208 on the hydrogen peroxide dosing tank 207 to add medicine to oxidize Fe 2+ to Fe 3+ , and stop adding medicine if there is no ferrous ion. The PLC controller 501 is provided with a probe 503 in the coagulation zone 310 of the alkaline washing tank of the alkaline washing tank 3 to monitor the pH value in the wastewater, pH<12, the PLC controller 501 will control the sodium hydroxide alkaline washing tank dosing tank 307 Dosing by the metering pump 308 of the alkaline washing tank above maintains the pH at about 12. If the pH is greater than 12, the dosing is stopped. The PLC controller 501 is provided with a probe 504 in the neutralization tank coagulation zone 411 of the neutralization tank 4 to monitor the pH value in the wastewater. The dosing pump 409 in Hechi keeps the pH around 9. If the pH is greater than 9, the dosing is stopped.
所述的所有搅拌桨采用的是三叶螺旋桨，由三个弯曲的叶片组成，除了将水与药物快速搅拌均匀外，它还起到将水提升的作用，在混凝区内将水进行循环流动，这种立式搅拌桨与平面的搅拌桨相比，优点是可以使药物充分发挥作用，避免浪费，减少药物的消耗量。All the stirring paddles mentioned are three-blade propellers, which are composed of three curved blades. In addition to stirring the water and the medicine evenly, it also plays the role of lifting the water and circulating the water in the coagulation zone. Compared with the plane stirring paddle, the advantage of this vertical stirring paddle is that it can make the medicine fully function, avoid waste and reduce the consumption of the medicine.
实施案例Implementation case
处理对象：涂装废水，该污水的铁离子浓度为188.89mg/L，锌离子浓度 232mg/L，镍离子浓度83mg/L，pH＝2.18，悬浮物浓度100.2mg/L，油脂浓度 301mg/L。Treatment object: coating wastewater with iron ion concentration of 188.89mg/L, zinc ion concentration of 232mg/L, nickel ion concentration of 83mg/L, pH=2.18, suspended solids concentration of 100.2mg/L, and oil concentration of 301mg/L .
(1)陶瓷平板膜池去除水中的悬浮物质及油类(1) The ceramic flat membrane tank removes suspended substances and oils in water
涂装废水原水被泵入陶瓷平板膜池1，在压力驱动下，原水由外部进入陶瓷平板膜内，在膜管内或膜外侧流动，小分子物质或液体透过膜，大分子物质或固体被膜截留，过滤水由阀门104控制经过过滤水泵103进入混凝沉淀池2，膜上部还连接反冲洗管道，由阀门控制106通过反冲洗水泵105泵入反冲洗水对膜进行清洗，池底设有曝气装置107连接曝气泵108，配合反冲洗水对膜进行清洗。水中95％以上的悬浮颗粒物及99％左右的油类物质被去除。The raw water of the coating wastewater is pumped into the ceramic flat membrane tank 1. Driven by pressure, the raw water enters the ceramic flat membrane from the outside and flows in the membrane tube or outside the membrane. Small molecular substances or liquids pass through the membrane, and macromolecular substances or solid membranes The filtered water is controlled by the valve 104 and enters the coagulation and sedimentation tank 2 through the filter water pump 103. The upper part of the membrane is also connected to the backwash pipeline, and the backwash water is pumped into the backwash water by the valve control 106 through the backwash pump 105 to clean the membrane. The aeration device 107 is connected to the aeration pump 108 to clean the membrane with backwash water. More than 95% of suspended particles in water and about 99% of oily substances are removed.
(2)混凝沉淀池回收水中的铁离子(2) Iron ions in water recovered by coagulation sedimentation tank
过氧化氢计量泵208将加药罐207中的30％过氧化氢加入到混凝沉淀池2 中，将Fe2+氧化为Fe3+，氢氧化钠计量泵210将混凝沉淀池加药罐209中的50％氢氧化钠加入到混凝沉淀池2中，调节pH为4，混凝沉淀池搅拌装置201将药剂与废水均匀混合，废水进入混凝沉淀池导流缝205，铁离子沉淀，被斜板截留下来。铁离子的回收率接近99％，铁离子的纯度将近80％。The hydrogen peroxide metering pump 208 adds 30% hydrogen peroxide in the dosing tank 207 to the coagulation sedimentation tank 2, and oxidizes Fe 2+ to Fe 3+ , and the sodium hydroxide metering pump 210 adds medicine to the coagulation sedimentation tank The 50% sodium hydroxide in the tank 209 is added to the coagulation sedimentation tank 2, and the pH is adjusted to 4. The coagulation sedimentation tank stirring device 201 evenly mixes the chemical and the wastewater, and the wastewater enters the coagulation sedimentation tank diversion gap 205. Precipitation is retained by the inclined plate. The recovery rate of iron ions is close to 99%, and the purity of iron ions is close to 80%.
(3)碱洗池回收水中的镍离子(3) Nickel ions in alkaline washing tank recovery water
混凝沉淀后的上清液溢流进入碱洗池3内继续加碱，碱洗池计量泵308将碱洗池加药罐307中的50％氢氧化钠加入到碱洗池3中，调节pH到9，锌、镍离子发生沉淀，Zn(OH)2是一种两性化合物，可溶于酸或碱，继续加过量碱，调节pH到12，锌离子沉淀溶解，废水进入碱洗池导流缝305镍离子沉淀物被斜板截留下来。镍离子的回收率接近100％，镍离子纯度为80％～95％。The supernatant after coagulation and precipitation overflows into the alkaline washing tank 3 and continues to add alkali. The alkaline washing tank metering pump 308 adds 50% sodium hydroxide in the alkaline washing tank dosing tank 307 into the alkaline washing tank 3, and adjusts When the pH reaches 9, zinc and nickel ions are precipitated. Zn(OH) 2 is an amphoteric compound, which is soluble in acid or alkali. Continue to add excess alkali to adjust the pH to 12. The zinc ions are precipitated and dissolved, and the waste water enters the alkaline washing tank. The nickel ion precipitate in the flow slot 305 is trapped by the inclined plate. The recovery rate of nickel ions is close to 100%, and the purity of nickel ions is 80% to 95%.
(4)中和池回收水中的锌离子(4) Zinc ions in the water recovered by the neutralization tank
碱洗池3处理后的上清液进入到中和池4中，中和池计量泵409将加药罐 408中的1mol/L盐酸加入到碱洗池3中，中和过量碱，调节pH到9，废水流入中和池导流缝405，锌离子沉淀物被斜板截留下来，出水经出水管407排出。锌离子的回收率接近99％，锌离子纯度为85％～95％。The supernatant liquid treated in the alkaline washing tank 3 enters the neutralizing tank 4, and the neutralizing tank metering pump 409 adds 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid in the dosing tank 408 into the alkaline washing tank 3, neutralizes the excess alkali, and adjusts the pH. At 9, the waste water flows into the diversion slit 405 of the neutralization tank, the zinc ion precipitate is intercepted by the inclined plate, and the effluent is discharged through the water outlet pipe 407. The recovery rate of zinc ions is close to 99%, and the purity of zinc ions is 85% to 95%.
Claims (5)
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