CN209029117U - 一种安全壳大气辐射18f探测装置 - Google Patents
一种安全壳大气辐射18f探测装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN209029117U CN209029117U CN201821675430.3U CN201821675430U CN209029117U CN 209029117 U CN209029117 U CN 209029117U CN 201821675430 U CN201821675430 U CN 201821675430U CN 209029117 U CN209029117 U CN 209029117U
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 4
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- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-RNFDNDRNSA-N I-131 Chemical compound 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[131I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-RNFDNDRNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-BJUDXGSMSA-N nitrogen-13 Chemical compound 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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
本实用新型提供了一种安全壳大气辐射18F探测装置，包括安全壳，设置在安全壳上的取样管和回样管，设置在取样管和回样管上的取样连接阀和回样连接阀，以及设置在回样连接阀前端的18F探测组件以及抽样泵，所述18F探测组件包括屏蔽体，设置在屏蔽体内部的主探测器、符合探测器以及过滤装置，所述主探测器和符合探测器相对设置，中间部分分别与过滤装置连接；本实用新型采用了18F探测装置，通过连续监测安全壳内18F的比放射性活度浓度，即可判断一回路压力边界是否发生泄漏。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种核电厂废气监测技术领域，具体涉及一种安全壳大气辐射18F探测装置。
背景技术
压水反应堆核电厂的核动力装置通常由二个密闭的循环回路组成，称一回路和二回路。一回路包括核反应堆(密封在压力容器中)、主冷却水泵、稳压器等设备，压强保持在120～160个大气压；二回路包括蒸汽发生器、冷凝器、主冷却水泵等设备，压强保持在70个大气压。一回路连接着堆芯和二回路中的蒸汽发生器。
为了确保核反应堆内的放射性物质不逸入环境，避免对人类和环境造成辐射污染，压水反应堆核电厂的一回路的全部设备和二回路中的蒸汽发生器安装在安全壳内。
安全壳内，一回路的密封反应堆的压力容器、稳压器、主冷却水泵、冷却水管道等设备自身及与之相连的法兰、阀门、焊接点，二回路的蒸汽发生器及其与一回路相连的法兰、阀门、焊接点连接处形成了压水反应堆冷却剂系统的压力边界。
由于制造、安装、磨损、腐蚀等各种原因，一回路内的高温高压冷却水，可能突破压力边界约束，泄漏到安全壳中。这种泄漏将产生两个严重后果：一是反应堆冷却水量不足，造成反应堆运行安全事故；二是一回路水中含有的放射性物质进入环境，造成对环境和人类的危害。因此，确保压水反应堆核动力装置一回路压力边界的完整性，对核电厂的安全运行至为重要。为将RCPB的泄漏率控制在一定的范围内，必须对RCPB的泄漏进行连续监测。
目前，常用的RCPB泄漏放射性监测方法有安全壳放射性气溶胶监测、131I(碘-131)、惰性气体的放射性活度浓度监测、13N(氮-13)放射性监测[4]。现有的放射性气溶胶、131I(碘-131)、惰性气体的放射性活度浓度的监测虽然探测效率高、响应时间短，但只能定性测量放射性核素的活度浓度；而13N(氮-13)放射性监测由于其半衰期短，约9.96min，对于较低的泄漏水平，往往无法在要求的时间内测量泄漏率值，其应用受到很大限制。
实用新型内容
有鉴于此，本实用新型的主要目的是提供了一种安全壳大气辐射18F探测装置。
本实用新型采用的技术方案为：
一种安全壳大气辐射18F探测装置，包括安全壳，设置在安全壳上的取样管和回样管，设置在取样管和回样管上的取样连接阀和回样连接阀，以及设置在回样连接阀前端的18F探测组件以及抽样泵，所述18F探测组件包括屏蔽体，设置在屏蔽体内部的主探测器、符合探测器以及过滤装置，所述主探测器和符合探测器相对设置，中间部分分别与过滤装置连接；
所述过滤装置包括过滤器壳体，该过滤器壳体内设置有进气室、排气室、卷纸盒、凸轮、压纸机构以及走纸电机，所述走纸电机带动滤纸盒内的滤纸从一侧卷纸盒到另一侧滤纸盒，滤纸经过进气室和排气室之间，传输滤纸时经压纸机构压紧。
进一步地，所述走纸电机动作将滤纸拉紧，带动凸轮转动，凸轮按压微动开关，切断或开启走纸电机电源。
本实用新型采用了18F探测装置，通过连续监测安全壳内18F的比放射性活度浓度，即可判断一回路压力边界是否发生泄漏。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型中过滤装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图以及具体实施例来详细说明本实用新型，在此本实用新型的示意性实施例以及说明用来解释本实用新型，但并不作为对本实用新型的限定。
18F(氟-18)核素是一回路冷却水中的中子活化产物，在一回路冷却水中具有较大的比活度，是主要的辐射场来源。18F主要是β+衰变，半衰期较长，为109.7min。安全壳内18F核素主要以气溶胶微尘的形态存在，其产额与中子通量水平(反应堆功率)成正比，通过连续监测安全壳内18F的比放射性活度浓度，即可判断一回路压力边界是否发生泄漏。
因此本实用新型提供了一种安全壳大气辐射18F探测装置，包括安全壳9，设置在安全壳9上的取样管1和回样管4，设置在取样管1和回样管4上的取样连接阀6和回样连接阀8，以及设置在回样连接阀8前端的18F探测组件以及抽样泵7，所述18F探测组件包括屏蔽体1，设置在屏蔽体1内部的主探测器5、符合探测器2以及过滤装置3，所述主探测器和符合探测器相对设置，中间部分分别与过滤装置3连接；
所述过滤装置3包括过滤器壳体，该过滤器壳体内设置有进气室120、排气室130、卷纸盒、凸轮110、压纸机构150以及走纸电机100，所述走纸电机100带动滤纸盒内的滤纸从一侧卷纸盒到另一侧滤纸盒，滤纸经过进气室和排气室之间，传输滤纸时经压纸机构压紧。
所述走纸电机动作将滤纸70拉紧，带动凸轮转动，凸轮按压微动开关，切断或开启走纸电机电源。所述压纸机构包括压块170、设置在压块170下部的弹簧160以及压纸组件150。
主探测器和符合探测器相对设置，主探测器在上面，符合探测器在下面，均选用φ50mm×50mm(2″×2″)NaI(Tl)晶体。
过滤装置，放置在两个探测器中间。进气管道规格尺寸，5/8″OD/0.065″壁厚/TP316无缝，出气管道规格尺寸，3/8″OD/0.065″壁厚/TP316无缝；过滤室过滤窗口尺寸与滤纸尺寸相适应，滤纸过滤面正对主探测器。
当滤纸用完时，所述走纸电机将滤纸拉紧，带动凸轮转动，凸轮按压微动开关，切断走纸电机电源，并向气溶胶就地辐射处理单元发出滤纸用完报警信号，收到该报警信号后，气溶胶就地辐射处理单元停止探测，等待更换滤纸收到该报警信号后，气溶胶就地辐射处理单元停止探测，等待更换滤纸。滤纸传送装置中设计压差传感器，提示滤纸缺失、损坏、阻塞，给出报警信号并停止测量。可人工关闭、解除报警功能。
以上对本实用新型实施例所公开的技术方案进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体实施例对本实用新型实施例的原理以及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只适用于帮助理解本实用新型实施例的原理；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本实用新型实施例，在具体实施方式以及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本实用新型的限制。
Claims (2)
1.一种安全壳大气辐射18F探测装置，包括安全壳，设置在安全壳上的取样管和回样管，设置在取样管和回样管上的取样连接阀和回样连接阀，以及设置在回样连接阀前端的18F探测组件以及抽样泵，其特征在于，所述18F探测组件包括屏蔽体，设置在屏蔽体内部的主探测器、符合探测器以及过滤装置，所述主探测器和符合探测器相对设置，中间部分分别与过滤装置连接；
所述过滤装置包括过滤器壳体，该过滤器壳体内设置有进气室、排气室、卷纸盒、凸轮、压纸机构以及走纸电机，所述走纸电机带动滤纸盒内的滤纸从一侧卷纸盒到另一侧滤纸盒，滤纸经过进气室和排气室之间，传输滤纸时经压纸机构压紧。
2.根据权利要求1所述的安全壳大气辐射18F探测装置，其特征在于，所述走纸电机动作将滤纸拉紧，带动凸轮转动，凸轮按压微动开关，切断或开启走纸电机电源。
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| CN110824541A (zh) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-21 | 南华大学 | 18f数字符合监测装置及监测方法 |
| CN112731508A (zh) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-30 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | 核动力装置反应堆厂房事故后气体活度的监测装置及方法 |
| CN113096836A (zh) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-09 | 陕西卫峰核电子有限公司 | 一种中子探测系统及其安装方法 |
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| CN110824541A (zh) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-21 | 南华大学 | 18f数字符合监测装置及监测方法 |
| CN112731508A (zh) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-30 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | 核动力装置反应堆厂房事故后气体活度的监测装置及方法 |
| CN113096836A (zh) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-09 | 陕西卫峰核电子有限公司 | 一种中子探测系统及其安装方法 |
| CN113096836B (zh) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-03-01 | 陕西卫峰核电子有限公司 | 一种中子探测系统及其安装方法 |
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