CN208887801U - 直流电弧炉的炉底温度的测量系统 - Google Patents
直流电弧炉的炉底温度的测量系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN208887801U CN208887801U CN201821577913.XU CN201821577913U CN208887801U CN 208887801 U CN208887801 U CN 208887801U CN 201821577913 U CN201821577913 U CN 201821577913U CN 208887801 U CN208887801 U CN 208887801U
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- temperature
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- compensating wire
- temperature transmitter
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- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000001702 transmitter Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 210000003127 Knee Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium(IV) silicate Chemical compound 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- 231100000319 bleeding Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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Abstract
本实用新型提供一种直流电弧炉的炉底温度的测量系统，所述直流电弧炉设置于混泥土支撑墙上，所述测量系统包括电偶、补偿导线、温度变送器和PLC控制系统，其中，所述温度变送器设置在所述混泥土支撑墙外侧的墙壁上；多个所述电偶设置在所述直流电弧炉的炉底，多根所述补偿导线的一端分别与多个所述电偶的接线柱电连接，所述补偿导线的另一端穿过所述混泥土支撑墙并与所述温度变送器电连接，所述温度变送器与所述PLC控制系统电连接；所述补偿导线的外周均包扎有防高温材料；所述温度变送器能够接收所述电偶的输出信号并转换为标准信号传输至所述PLC控制系统。该测量系统适合安全维护作业，保证人员的作业安全，抗干扰能力强，稳定性好。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及冶金行业直流电弧炉的炉底温度测量领域，特别涉及一种直流电弧炉的炉底温度的测量系统。
背景技术
冶金企业电炉炼钢的发展过程中，超高功率直流电弧炉具有电弧稳定，噪音小、电极消耗低等诸多优点而被大量引用。直流电弧炉与交流电弧炉设备的主要区别：增加整流装置、炉顶石墨电极由三根变成一根及增设炉底电极等。其中炉底电极的设置是直流电弧炉的最大特征，炉底电极是直流电弧炉技术的关键，炉底电极的温度检测点是保护炉底电极的关键检测设备，温度检测点具有报警连锁功能。炉底电极温度升高异常时能够及时提醒生产人员及时检查炉底导电镁碳砖的侵蚀程度并及时进行补炉作业，保护炉底电极，炉底电极温度对保证超高功率直流电弧炉稳定安全生产至关重要。
在现有技术中，仪表箱设置在炉底，在冶炼过程中需要经过加铁水、出钢渣和出钢等工序并且会发生炉壁跑钢等情况，在炉底长期高温(炉底的底壳直接辐射温度为200-240℃，空气环境温度为70-100℃)的环境下炉底温度测量系统存在以下问题：
1、人员进出炉底不安全，也不方便，空间狭窄，不适合维护作业。
2、补偿导线的线路走向不合理，防高温保护方法不当，补偿导线在遭受环境高温影响下老化，容易被飞溅的钢水、铁水及漏钢钢水烧毁。
3、仪表箱的安装位置不合理，接线端子及温度变送器在遭受环境高温影响下老化损坏速度较快，容易被飞溅的钢水、铁水及漏钢钢水烧毁，接线端子老化速度较快，温度变送器故障较高。
4、温度变送器处于超高功率电弧及高压环境下，受到的外界电磁干扰大，稳定性较差。
5、高温补偿导线型号不当，使用寿命达不到预期要求。
6、传统电偶接线方式容易造成补偿导线老化短路。
以上问题的存在使直流电弧炉的维修费用高、检修维护难度大以及检修作业安全隐患大，难以满足稳定安全生产要求，因此急需一种直流电弧炉的炉底温度的测量系统来解决上述问题。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种直流电弧炉的炉底温度的测量系统，该测量系统适合安全维护作业，保证人员的作业安全，使维护作业更为方便，抗干扰能力强，稳定性好，特殊结构的高温补偿导线、多种防高温材料和电偶接线方式有效的防止了线路老化和短路等情况的发生，提高了使用寿命，降低了故障率。
为了实现上述目的，本实用新型提供如下技术方案：
一种直流电弧炉的炉底温度的测量系统，所述直流电弧炉设置于混泥土支撑墙上，所述测量系统包括电偶、补偿导线、温度变送器和PLC控制系统，其中，所述温度变送器设置在所述混泥土支撑墙外侧的墙壁上；多个所述电偶设置在所述直流电弧炉的炉底，多根所述补偿导线的一端分别与多个所述电偶的接线柱电连接，所述补偿导线的另一端穿过所述混泥土支撑墙并与所述温度变送器电连接，所述温度变送器与所述PLC控制系统电连接；所述补偿导线的外周均包扎有防高温材料；所述温度变送器能够接收所述电偶的输出信号并转换为标准信号传输至所述PLC控制系统。
进一步地，在上述测量系统中，所述电偶共设置有12个且在所述炉底的外周等距分布。
进一步地，在上述测量系统中，所述补偿导线为高温补偿导线。
进一步地，在上述测量系统中，还包括仪表箱，所述仪表箱固定设置在所述混泥土支撑墙外侧的墙壁上，所述温度变送器设置在所述仪表箱内。
进一步地，在上述测量系统中，所述温度变送器的测量精度为±0.2％ofFS，所述温度变送器的输入端至输出间的绝缘电阻≥100MΩ/DC500V，所述温度变送器的输入端至输出端、输出端至信号接地点的隔离强度≥AC2000V/1分钟。
进一步地，在上述测量系统中，所述温度变送器符合CE及UL标准。
进一步地，在上述测量系统中，所述补偿导线与所述电偶的接线盒的接线柱直接连接，靠近所述电偶的所述补偿导线的一端采用自然下垂的方式设置，多根所述补偿导线下垂0.15m后进行汇总，汇总后的所述补偿导线以水平的方式穿过所述混泥土支撑墙；其中所述接线盒未含有罩住所述接线柱的金属盖。
进一步地，在上述测量系统中，还包括有第一耐热套管和第二耐热套管，单根所述补偿导线的外周套设有所述第一耐热套管，所述接线柱的外周以及由单根所述补偿导线汇总后而成的多根所述补偿导线的外周均套设有所述第二耐热套管，所述第二耐热套管的直径大于所述第一耐热套管的直径，所述第二耐热套管的外周均套设有红硅耐热护毯，所述红硅耐热护毯的外周均套设有石棉毯或含锆陶瓷纤维毯。
进一步地，在上述测量系统中，所述第一耐热套管采用型号为Dinfn-RSV、ф30mm的搭扣式耐热套管；
所述第二耐热套管采用型号为Dinfn-RSV、ф130mm的搭扣式耐热套管；
所述红硅耐热护毯的型号为Dinfn-RB、1000*1000mm。
进一步地，在上述测量系统中，所述仪表箱与所述炉底之间的垂直距离大于3.5m。
分析可知，本实用新型公开一种直流电弧炉的炉底温度的测量系统，包括电偶、补偿导线、仪表箱、温度变送器和PLC控制系统，温度变送器设置在仪表箱内，仪表箱固定设置在混泥土支撑墙外侧的墙壁上，多个电偶设置在直流电弧炉的炉底，多根补偿导线的一端分别与多个电偶的接线柱电连接，补偿导线的另一端穿过混泥土支撑墙并与温度变送器电连接，温度变送器与PLC控制系统电连接，补偿导线的外周均包扎有防高温材料。
温度变送器能够接收电偶的输入信号并转换为标准信号传输至PLC控制系统。炉底电极温度升高异常时，PLC控制系统能够提醒生产人员及时检查炉底导电镁碳砖的侵蚀程度并及时进行补炉作业，保护炉底电极。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本实用新型的进一步理解，本实用新型的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本实用新型，并不构成对本实用新型的不当限定。其中：
图1本实用新型一实施例的结构示意图。
图2为图1的右视示意图。
附图标记说明：1直流电弧炉；2混泥土支撑墙；3仪表箱；4补偿导线；5电偶；6第一耐热套管；7第二耐热套管；8电炉平台；9吊装线。
具体实施方式
下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本实用新型。各个示例通过本实用新型的解释的方式提供而非限制本实用新型。实际上，本领域的技术人员将清楚，在不脱离本实用新型的范围或精神的情况下，可在本实用新型中进行修改和变型。例如，示为或描述为一个实施例的一部分的特征可用于另一个实施例，以产生又一个实施例。因此，所期望的是，本实用新型包含归入所附权利要求及其等同物的范围内的此类修改和变型。
在本实用新型的描述中，术语“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本实用新型而不是要求本实用新型必须以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本实用新型的限制。本实用新型中使用的术语“相连”、“连接”、“设置”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间部件间接相连，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。
如图1至图2所示，根据本实用新型的实施例，一种直流电弧炉1的炉底温度的测量系统，直流电弧炉1设置于混泥土支撑墙2上，该测量系统包括电偶5、补偿导线4、温度变送器和PLC控制系统(Programmable LogicController可编程逻辑控制器)，其中，温度变送器设置在混泥土支撑墙2外侧的墙壁上。多个电偶5设置在直流电弧炉1的炉底，多根补偿导线4的一端分别与多个电偶5的接线柱电连接，补偿导线4的另一端穿过混泥土支撑墙2并与温度变送器电连接，温度变送器与PLC控制系统电连接，补偿导线4的外周均包扎有防高温材料，温度变送器通过信号电缆与主控室的PLC控制系统电连接。该信号电缆采用悬挂到炉底检修架的悬空方式，避开高温钢水危险区。温度变送器能够接收电偶5的输出信号并转换为4-20mADC标准信号传输至PLC控制系统。炉底电极温度升高异常时，PLC控制系统能够提醒生产人员及时检查炉底导电镁碳砖的侵蚀程度并及时进行补炉作业，保护炉底电极。
进一步地，电偶5共设置有12个且在炉底的外周等距分布。
进一步地，补偿导线4为高温补偿导线，优选地，高温补偿导线为氟塑料绝缘及硅橡胶护套玻璃纤维编织隔热K分度号热电偶屏蔽软补偿导线，型号为KX-FBBPFR-2*1.5。如此设置使补偿导线4能够长期耐温220℃，短期(15分钟)耐温600-700℃，降低了补偿导线4的故障率。
进一步地，本实用新型的实施例还包括仪表箱3，仪表箱3固定设置在混泥土支撑墙2外侧的墙壁上，温度变送器设置在仪表箱3内，仪表箱3用于保护和温度变送器，仪表箱3与炉底之间的垂直距离大于3.5m。仪表箱3需要经常检查和维护，如此设置使仪表箱3的环境温度为室温，位置适宜维护作业，保证了人员的作业安全，使维护作业更为方便。
进一步地，温度变送器的测量精度为±0.2％of FS，温度变送器的输入端至输出间的绝缘电阻≥100MΩ/DC500V，温度变送器的输入端至输出端、输出端至信号接地点的隔离强度≥AC2000V/1分钟。如此设置使温度变送器在超高功率电弧及高压环境下能承受住外界电磁干扰，信号稳定。
进一步地，温度变送器符合CE及UL标准；优选地，温度变送器采用M-SYSTEM温度变送器；优选地，M-SYSTEM温度变送器的型号为B3FT。如此设置能够提高温度变送器信号的稳定性。
进一步地，补偿导线4与电偶5的接线盒的接线柱直接连接，靠近电偶5的补偿导线4的一端采用自然下垂的方式设置，多根补偿导线4下垂0.15m后进行汇总，汇总后的补偿导线4以水平的方式穿过混泥土支撑墙2，汇总后的补偿导线4通过吊装线9吊装在电炉平台8上，用于固定支撑汇总后的补偿导线4，其中接线盒未含有罩住接线柱的金属盖。如此设置改变原设计线路方向，避开钢水容易外溅跑漏的位置，有效防止补偿导线4被高温铁水及钢水烧毁，使线缆的敷设及拆卸更为方便、安全可靠。
在现有技术中，电偶5的接线都要通过电偶5的接线盒的金属线缆孔后进行接线，但炉底电偶5都是倒式安装，电偶5的金属线缆孔在高温环境下温度会达到300℃，补偿导线4从此处穿过，绝缘层会很快老化而短路。在本实用新型的实施例中，补偿导线4可不通过线缆孔，也不要电偶5的接线盒的金属盖子，补偿导线4直接与电偶5的接线盒的接线柱连接，并自然下垂，最后用搭扣式耐热套管(型号：Dinfn-RSV,ф130mm)对电偶5的接线盒处进行保护包扎，经多年实际检验，效果良好。
进一步地，该测量系统还包括有第一耐热套管6和第二耐热套管7，单根补偿导线4的外周套设有第一耐热套管6，接线柱的外周以及由单根补偿导线汇总后而成的多根补偿导线4的外周均套设有第二耐热套管7，第二耐热套管7的直径大于第一耐热套管6的直径，第二耐热套管7的外周套设有红硅耐热护毯，红硅耐热护毯的外周套设有石棉毯或含锆陶瓷纤维毯。优选地，第一耐热套管6采用型号为Dinfn-RSV、ф30mm的搭扣式耐热套管，优选地，第二耐热套管7采用型号为Dinfn-RSV、ф130mm的搭扣式耐热套管，优选地，红硅耐热护毯的型号为Dinfn-RB、1000*1000mm。
炉底的补偿导线4都必须进行防高温材料包扎进行保护，根据不同部位选用不同规格材料包扎。单芯补偿导线4用第一耐热套管6进行内层包扎，多股补偿导线4及分支线管用第二耐热套管7进行内层包扎，汇总后的主线管用红硅耐热护毯进行内层包扎，所有线管最外层用石棉毯或含锆陶瓷纤维毯进行防护包扎。如此设置使补偿导线4能够耐温1000℃，有效的防止了补偿导线4被飞溅的钢水、铁水及漏钢钢水烧毁的情况的发生，提高了使用寿命，降低了故障率。
从以上的描述中，可以看出，本实用新型上述的实施例实现了如下技术效果：
一种直流电弧炉炉底温度的测量系统，包括电偶5、补偿导线4、仪表箱3、温度变送器和PLC控制系统，温度变送器设置在仪表箱3内，仪表箱3固定设置在混泥土支撑墙2外侧的墙壁上，多个电偶5设置在直流电弧炉1的炉底，多根补偿导线4的一端分别与多个电偶5的接线柱电连接，补偿导线4的另一端穿过混泥土支撑墙2并与温度变送器电连接，温度变送器与PLC控制系统电连接，补偿导线4的外周均包扎有防高温材料。
温度变送器能够接收电偶5的输出信号并转换为标准信号传输至PLC控制系统。炉底电极温度升高异常时，PLC控制系统能够提醒生产人员及时检查炉底导电镁碳砖的侵蚀程度并及时进行补炉作业，保护炉底电极。
与现有技术相比，本实用新型存在以下优点：
1、补偿导线4的线路设置能够有效防止补偿导线4被高温铁水及钢水烧毁，补偿导线4的线路敷设及拆卸方便，安全可靠；
2、仪表箱3的安装位置适合安全维护作业，保证了人员的作业安全，使维护作业更为方便；
3、温度变送器抗干扰能力强，稳定性好；
4、特殊结构的补偿导线4长期耐温220℃，短期(15分钟)耐温600-700℃；
5、多种防高温材料的使用，使补偿导线4耐温1000℃；
6、自然下垂式电偶接线方式有效的防止电偶5补偿导线4老化、短路情况的发生。
以上所述仅为本实用新型的优选实施例，并不用于限制本实用新型，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本实用新型可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种直流电弧炉的炉底温度的测量系统，所述直流电弧炉设置于混泥土支撑墙上，其特征在于，所述测量系统包括电偶、补偿导线、温度变送器和PLC控制系统，其中，
所述温度变送器设置在所述混泥土支撑墙外侧的墙壁上；
多个所述电偶设置在所述直流电弧炉的炉底，多根所述补偿导线的一端分别与多个所述电偶的接线柱电连接，所述补偿导线的另一端穿过所述混泥土支撑墙并与所述温度变送器电连接，所述温度变送器与所述PLC控制系统电连接；
所述补偿导线的外周均包扎有防高温材料；
所述温度变送器能够接收所述电偶的输出信号并转换为标准信号传输至所述PLC控制系统。
2.根据权利要求1所述的测量系统，其特征在于，所述电偶共设置有12个且在所述炉底的外周等距分布。
3.根据权利要求1所述的测量系统，其特征在于，所述补偿导线为高温补偿导线。
4.根据权利要求1所述的测量系统，其特征在于，还包括仪表箱，所述仪表箱固定设置在所述混泥土支撑墙外侧的墙壁上，所述温度变送器设置在所述仪表箱内。
5.根据权利要求1所述的测量系统，其特征在于，所述温度变送器的测量精度为±0.2％of FS，所述温度变送器的输入端至输出间的绝缘电阻≥100MΩ/DC500V，所述温度变送器的输入端至输出端、输出端至信号接地点的隔离强度≥AC2000V/1分钟。
6.根据权利要求1所述的测量系统，其特征在于，所述温度变送器符合CE及UL标准。
7.根据权利要求1所述的测量系统，其特征在于，所述补偿导线与所述电偶的接线盒的接线柱直接连接，靠近所述电偶的所述补偿导线的一端采用自然下垂的方式设置，多根所述补偿导线下垂0.15m后进行汇总，汇总后的所述补偿导线以水平的方式穿过所述混泥土支撑墙；
其中所述接线盒未含有罩住所述接线柱的金属盖。
8.根据权利要求7所述的测量系统，其特征在于，还包括有第一耐热套管和第二耐热套管，单根所述补偿导线的外周套设有所述第一耐热套管，所述接线柱的外周以及由单根所述补偿导线汇总后而成的多根所述补偿导线的外周均套设有所述第二耐热套管，所述第二耐热套管的直径大于所述第一耐热套管的直径，所述第二耐热套管的外周均套设有红硅耐热护毯，所述红硅耐热护毯的外周均套设有石棉毯或含锆陶瓷纤维毯。
9.根据权利要求8所述的测量系统，其特征在于，所述第一耐热套管采用型号为Dinfn-RSV、ф30mm的搭扣式耐热套管；
所述第二耐热套管采用型号为Dinfn-RSV、ф130mm的搭扣式耐热套管；
所述红硅耐热护毯的型号为Dinfn-RB、1000*1000mm。
10.根据权利要求4所述的测量系统，其特征在于，所述仪表箱与所述炉底之间的垂直距离大于3.5m。
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