CN208754089U - A kind of machine winding switching device - Google Patents
A kind of machine winding switching device Download PDFInfo
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- CN208754089U CN208754089U CN201820713253.7U CN201820713253U CN208754089U CN 208754089 U CN208754089 U CN 208754089U CN 201820713253 U CN201820713253 U CN 201820713253U CN 208754089 U CN208754089 U CN 208754089U
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Abstract
A kind of machine winding switching device, including motor stator winding, the three-phase of motor stator winding are divided into two sections, a Duan Weigao driven at low speed winding, the number of turns W1, generally ABC winding；Another section is driven at low speed winding, the number of turns W2, generally abc winding；ABC winding and abc winding neutral point are not connected directly, and are connected together respectively by three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridging；The three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge of ABC winding connection is parallel with the first thyristor T1, formation switches at high speed circuit, the three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge of abc winding connection is parallel with the second thyristor T2, forms low speed switching circuit, switches at high speed circuit and winding change-over switch is integrally formed in low speed switching circuit；The utility model can be realized the function of two grades of mechanical gear boxes, and weak magnetic depth when not only having realized low speed high torque output but also having reduced high speed realizes the high efficiency drive of wide speed range.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to three-phase motor technical fields, and in particular to a kind of machine winding switching device.
Technical background
For electric car, under different operating conditions, the performance requirement of driving motor system is different.
It when automobile accelerates since zero-speed/low speed, or is on slope when starting, at this time speed or electricity
Machine revolving speed is all relatively low, but needs big torque to overcome the component of frictional force or vehicle self gravity.Motor torque is close with magnetic flux
It spends directly proportional, it is therefore desirable to high magnetic flux density.
In high-performance cruise, system is not usually high to torque request, but in order to operate automobile drive electric motor higher efficiency,
Wish to reduce magnetic flux density.In high-speed region, iron loss accounting is high, and iron loss is substantially square directly proportional to magnetic flux density.Cause
This, magnetic flux density is lower, and iron loss is lower.In addition, being generated by the magnetic flux of permanent magnet anti-electronic if motor is magneto
Gesture (voltage) can also increase as revolving speed increases.And battery voltage level is limited on vehicle, when the counter electromotive force reaches inverter
When can be applied to the voltage of motor or more, electric current can not just pass through again in motor, and revolving speed cannot rise again.Therefore, in order to
Maximum speed is improved, reduces magnetic flux density also to inhibit counter electromotive force --- in this regard, being generated usually using weak magnetic control technology
Revolving speed is improved to reduce counter electromotive force with the magnetic flux of permanent magnet flux opposite direction.But in order to generate opposite direction
Magnetic flux, it is necessary to make current flow through stator winding, this equally will increase loss, also will increase permanent magnet demagnetization risk.Cause
The range of this weak magnetic is also unsuitable wide.
That is, being different in level of torque, the magnetic density that low-speed region and high-speed region require.
In the prior art, patent CN 201310041277.4 proposes a kind of technology for switching winding in high, low speed.
The coil of stator is divided into two parts, and electric current passes through in whole astragals when low speed rotation, and then in coil sections when high speed rotation
Inside pass through.But full-controlled device IGBT is used in its technology, higher cost and may generate overvoltage in active turn off process, is damaged
Hurt winding insulation and IGBT pipe；On the one hand RC buffer circuit in its switching circuit increases the complexity of system, on the other hand
Often volume is larger for capacitor, and capacitor itself is also more fragile, the faulty risk under overvoltage impact.
Patent CN 201510508099.0 and CN 2016100899171.1, which also proposed to switch by winding, realizes height
The switching device and method of speed control, but require to provide individual DC power supply or independent inverter main circuit, increase and are
The complexity and control complexity for design of uniting, are unfavorable for for switching device being integrated in inside motor.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is that being directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of machine winding switching dress is provided
It sets, is able to use electronic circuit and plays the role of two grades of mechanical gear boxes in automobile, so that motor is capable of providing greatly in low regime
Torque；High velocity reduces umber of turn, widens speed adjustable range under the premise of being increased without weak magnetic depth.And height can be made
Fast area, low regime can efficient operations.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model are as follows:
The three-phase of a kind of machine winding switching device, including motor stator winding 1, the motor stator winding 1 is divided into two
Section, one section is the high-speed driving winding being connected with external terminal, the number of turns W1, and three-phase windings are denoted as A, B and C respectively, generally
ABC winding；Another section is the driven at low speed winding being connected with external terminal, and circuit, the number of turns W2, three-phase are only accessed in low speed
Winding is denoted as a, b and c, generally abc winding respectively；ABC winding and abc winding neutral point are not connected directly, and are led to respectively
Three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridging is crossed to be connected together；The three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge of the ABC winding connection is parallel with the first thyristor
T1, formation switch at high speed circuit 2, and the three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge of the abc winding connection is parallel with the second thyristor T2, is formed low
Fast switching circuit 3, switches at high speed circuit 2 and winding change-over switch 4 is integrally formed in low speed switching circuit 3.
The three-phase windings of the ABC winding and abc winding are connected to two two poles of the every phase of three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge
Between pipe.
The ratio of the W1 and W2 not necessarily 1:1, but it is related with the weak-magnetic speed-regulating range of system requirements, speed-changing
Variable, calculation method be W2:W1=(n2-n1): n1.
The control method of the machine winding switching device, when motor operation is when low speed, electric machine controller is inverse to master
While PWM working signal is sent out on power transformation road, trigger signal is issued to the second thyristor T2 in low speed switching circuit 3, makes second
Thyristor T2 bears positive pressure conducting, is shorted the lower part endpoint of abc winding using three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge；At this point, all windings
It all works, every phase the number of turns is W1+W2, generates big torque, torque capacity is up to T1；
As motor operation revolving speed is increased to n3, into weak magnetic state；Electric machine controller control current of electric decays to zero,
And the trigger signal of the second thyristor T2 is removed, make the current attenuation for flowing through the second thyristor T2 to maintenance electric current or less and closes
It is disconnected；Then, to the first thyristor T1 trigger signal switched at high speed in circuit 2, and control three-phase current increases again；At this point,
Motor enters single set winding operating mode, and every phase the number of turns is W1；Since turns-in-series are less, back-emf is relatively small, reduces
The depth of weak magnetic；
When motor operation revolving speed is slowed down by high speed n3, when being down to n2, electric machine controller control current of electric decays to zero, and
The trigger signal for removing the first thyristor T1 makes the current attenuation for flowing through the first thyristor T1 to maintenance electric current or less and turns off；
Then, give the second thyristor T2 trigger signal, and again control three-phase current increase, make the second thyristor T2 be connected, again into
Enter windings in series mode.
The first thyristor T1 and the second thyristor T2 is passive to turn off by frequency converter locking pulse；Ensure always to exist
Under zero current condition, the switching between two stator winding is carried out；Therefore buffer circuit is not needed, avoided because of buffer circuit device
Failure causes to switch out of control and IGBT actively shutdown generation over-voltage.
Compared to the prior art compared with the utility model has following advantage:
1, it due in low speed, switching at high speed operating mode, is equivalent to and is carried out between a high-speed motor, a slowspeed machine
Switching, therefore the effect of two grades of gearboxes is played, it both can produce the big torque of low speed, wide-range-timing/height also may be implemented
Speed operation.
2, due to " slowspeed machine " and low regime it is high-efficient, " high-speed motor " it is high-efficient in high velocity, high speed, it is low
Speed can realize efficient operation.
3, due to using thyristor to switch as switching, cost is relatively low；
4, it is automatically shut down due to thyristor when electric current is zero, does not need buffer circuit, avoided because of buffer circuit
Device fault causes to switch the risk that out of control and IGBT actively turns off generation over-voltage.
5, the turn ratio of double winding is calculated according to the speed adjustable range that system needs, therefore can made weak under each pattern
Magnetic degree is shallow as far as possible, is easier weak magnetic control.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is machine winding switching device schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the output mechanical property under windings in series mode
Fig. 3 is the output mechanical property under simplex winding mode
Fig. 4 is the mechanical characteristic using motor after apparatus of the present invention
Fig. 5 is machine winding switching device of the present invention and control system overall framework figure.
Specific embodiment
In order to keep the purpose of this utility model, technical solution and advantage more clear and concise, below in conjunction with attached drawing and implementation
Example, the present invention will be further described in detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain
The utility model is not used to limit the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of machine winding switching device of the utility model, including motor stator winding 1, the motor are fixed
The three-phase of sub- winding 1 is divided into two sections, and one section is the high-speed driving winding being connected with external terminal, the number of turns W1, three-phase windings point
It is not denoted as A, B and C, generally ABC winding；Another section is the driven at low speed winding being connected with external terminal, is only connect in low speed
Enter circuit, the number of turns W2, three-phase windings are denoted as a, b and c, generally abc winding respectively；ABC winding and abc winding neutral point are equal
It is not connected directly, and is connected together respectively by three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridging；The three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge of the ABC winding connection
It is parallel with the first thyristor T1, formation switches at high speed circuit 2, and the three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge of the abc winding connection is parallel with the
Two thyristor T2 form low speed switching circuit 3, switch at high speed circuit 2 and winding change-over switch is integrally formed in low speed switching circuit 3
4。
The three-phase windings of the ABC winding and abc winding are connected to two two poles of the every phase of three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge
Between pipe.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the W1 and W2 are not necessarily 1:1, but and system
It is required that weak-magnetic speed-regulating range, the related variable of speed-changing, W2:W1=(n2-n1): n1
It is illustrated in figure 2 the mechanical output characteristics of motor under windings in series mode, can be generated when due to high speed higher anti-
Electromotive force is unable to reach the high revolving speed n4 of demand in the application of needs；Fig. 3 show the mechanical output of motor under simplex winding mode
Characteristic, umber of turn is few, can achieve the high revolving speed n4 of demand, but big torque T1 is unable to reach when low speed.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the control method of the utility model machine winding switching device, when motor operation is in low speed
When, electric machine controller issues trigger signal in low speed switching circuit 3 while sending out PWM working signal to main inverter circuit
The second thyristor T2, so that the second thyristor T2 is born positive pressure conducting, using three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge by the lower end of abc winding
Point is shorted；At this point, all windings are all worked, every phase the number of turns is W1+W2 (series connection), generates big torque, torque capacity is reachable
T1；
As motor operation revolving speed is increased to, into weak magnetic state；When motor speed is excessively high, when reaching n3, motor control
Device control current of electric decays to zero, and removes the trigger signal of the second thyristor T2, makes the electric current for flowing through the second thyristor T2
It decays to and maintains electric current or less and turn off；Then, to the first thyristor T1 trigger signal switched at high speed in circuit 2, and again
Three-phase current is controlled to increase；At this point, motor enters single set winding operating mode, and only driving winding work at full speed, every phase the number of turns
For W1；Since turns-in-series are less, back-emf is relatively small, reduces the depth of weak magnetic；
When motor operation revolving speed is slowed down by high speed n3, when being down to n2, electric machine controller control current of electric decays to zero, and
The trigger signal for removing the first thyristor T1 makes the current attenuation for flowing through the first thyristor T1 to maintenance electric current or less and turns off；
Then, give the second thyristor T2 trigger signal, and again control three-phase current increase, make the second thyristor T2 be connected, again into
Enter windings in series mode.
The utility model the first thyristor T1 and the second thyristor T2 is passive to turn off by frequency converter locking pulse；Ensure
Always under zero current condition, the switching between two stator winding is carried out；Therefore buffer circuit is not needed, avoided because of buffering electricity
Road device fault causes to switch out of control and IGBT actively shutdown generation over-voltage.
As shown in figure 4, the region between n2~n3 is tandem working mode and the mould that simplex winding operating mode can work
Formula, in order to improve the utilization rate of winding, width is unsuitable wide.
Assuming that needing the flux-weakening ratio of motor is N times (i.e. n4:n1=N) from the angle of application design.It is then sufficiently benefit
With winding, Ying You:
If wishing, the width between n2~n3 is Δ n, is enabledDerivation can obtain
ToSuch as Δ n=n1, it can also simplify and be chosen for
Claims (3)
1. a kind of machine winding switching device, it is characterised in that: including motor stator winding (1), the motor stator winding (1)
Three-phase be divided into two sections, one section is the high-speed driving winding being connected with external terminal, the number of turns W1, three-phase windings be denoted as respectively A,
B and C, generally ABC winding；Another section is the driven at low speed winding being connected with external terminal, and circuit, circle are only accessed in low speed
Number is W2, and three-phase windings are denoted as a, b and c, generally abc winding respectively；ABC winding and the not direct phase of abc winding neutral point
Even, it is connected together respectively by three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridging；The three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge of ABC winding connection is parallel with the
One thyristor T1, formation switch at high speed circuit (2), and the three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge of the abc winding connection is parallel with the second brilliant lock
Pipe T2 is formed low speed switching circuit (3), is switched at high speed circuit (2) and winding change-over switch is integrally formed in low speed switching circuit (3)
(4)。
2. a kind of machine winding switching device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ABC winding and abc winding
Three-phase windings be connected between two diodes of the every phase of three-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge.
3. a kind of machine winding switching device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ratio of the W1 and W2 be with
The related variable of weak-magnetic speed-regulating range, speed-changing of system requirements.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820713253.7U CN208754089U (en) | 2018-05-14 | 2018-05-14 | A kind of machine winding switching device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820713253.7U CN208754089U (en) | 2018-05-14 | 2018-05-14 | A kind of machine winding switching device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN208754089U true CN208754089U (en) | 2019-04-16 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108649725A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-12 | 西安清泰科新能源技术有限责任公司 | A kind of machine winding switching device and control method |
| CN112421839A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-26 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Winding structure of brushless direct-current starting generator |
-
2018
- 2018-05-14 CN CN201820713253.7U patent/CN208754089U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108649725A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-12 | 西安清泰科新能源技术有限责任公司 | A kind of machine winding switching device and control method |
| CN112421839A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-26 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Winding structure of brushless direct-current starting generator |
| CN112421839B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2023-12-19 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Winding structure of brushless direct current starting generator |
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