CN208553754U - 一种用于等离子体协同吸附催化治理有机废气的装置 - Google Patents
一种用于等离子体协同吸附催化治理有机废气的装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN208553754U CN208553754U CN201821020456.4U CN201821020456U CN208553754U CN 208553754 U CN208553754 U CN 208553754U CN 201821020456 U CN201821020456 U CN 201821020456U CN 208553754 U CN208553754 U CN 208553754U
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- 210000002381 Plasma Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000002195 synergetic Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003197 catalytic Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Chemical compound 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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种用于等离子体协同吸附催化治理有机废气的装置，有机废气依次通过废气流量计、预处理系统、高频低温等离子体协同催化装置、引风机和排放塔。当有机物浓度为2000mg/Nm3时，经本装置处理后的废气非甲烷总烃浓度≤60mg/Nm3，苯≤4mg/Nm3。本实用新型装置对有机废气净化效率高，受各种环境和外在的条件影响小，特别是对低浓度、大风量、多组分的有机废气净化效率高。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及环境工程与等离子体科学技术领域，更具体地说涉及一种用于高频低温等离子体协同催化治理有机废气的装置。
背景技术
随着社会经济的不断发展、工业化进程的不断加快，环境和能源问题日益受到人们的关注。大规模的工业生产以及人们日常生活的排放，会产生大量的有机废气，对人类的生存环境造成了严重的威胁。目前，大部分工业有机废气具有低浓度、大风量、多组分等特点。
传统的治理方法包括活性炭吸附法、冷凝法、生物法和催化燃烧法。活性炭吸附的投资费用较低，处理效果好，但是活性炭吸附饱和后需要再生，所以采用活性炭吸附的运行费用较高，且操作过程复杂。冷凝法投资于运行费用均较高，且存在二次污染的可能性。生物法投资与运行费用均较低，但运行操作复杂，占地面积大，存在二次污染的可能性。催化燃烧法存在着吸附浓缩——再脱附燃烧的过程，设备体积较大，催化剂价格高，一次投资大等问题。
近年来，低温等离子体技术引起越来越多的关注，等离子体被称作除固态、液态和气态之外的第四种物质存在形态，是由电子、离子、自由基和中性粒子组成的，整体保持电中性。有机物气体通过低温等离子体后，产生大量的高能电子及高能电子产生的·O、·OH等活性粒子，然后与有机物产生一系列复杂的物理、化学反应，使复杂的大分子污染物转变为简单的小分子物质，或使有毒有害物质转变为无毒无害，从而使污染物得以降解去除。低温等离子体技术具有工艺简单、处理流程短、投资少、占地小、去除率高、运行费用低、适用范围广等特点。
利用低温等离子体处理有机废气，还存在一些问题：1、对一些结构稳定的有机废气去除效率不高；2、污染气体停留时间短；3、等离子体在净化过程中易产生O3、NOX导致二次污染的问题。
针对上述单一等离子体处理技术的不足，我们提出了高频低温等离子体协同吸附催化技术。本实用新型是高频低温等离子体、吸附和催化三大技术的优势叠加的高效去除有机废气技术。本实用新型的目的是提供一种高频低温等离子体和催化剂联合去除有机废气集成技术和应用。
实用新型内容
针对目前工业有机废气中低浓度、大风量、多组分的的特点，提供一种用于高频低温等离子体协同吸附催化治理有机废气的成套装置。
为了实现上述技术目的，本实用新型采取如下技术方案：
一种用于等离子体协同吸附催化治理有机废气的装置，其特征在于：该装置包括废气流量计、预处理系统、高频低温等离子体协同催化反应器、引风机和排放塔，所述废气流量计的出口与预处理系统的入口相连接，所述预处理系统的出口与高频低温等离子体协同催化反应器的入口相连接，所述高频低温等离子体协同催化反应器的出口与引风机入口相连接，所述引风机的出口与排放塔相连接。
进一步的，所述预处理系统包括温度调节模块和除湿处理模块。
进一步的，所述温度调节模块通过热电偶反馈气体温度判断对气体进行加热和冷却处理。
进一步的，所述引风机采用带引风和鼓风功能的离心风机，离心风机的电机为变频电机。
进一步的，所述高频低温等离子体协同催化反应器包括壳体，在该壳体前后两端分别设置有进风口与出风口，所述壳体内部靠近进风口处设置有过滤层，同时靠近出风口处设置有催化剂层，所述壳体内部还设置有高频低温等离子体，该高频低温等离子体位于过滤层与催化剂层中间；所述壳体下端设置有支撑脚，所述壳体外侧还设置有与催化剂层连接的催化剂置换口。
进一步的，所述过滤层依次分别由不锈钢筛网层、无纺布过滤层、玻璃纤维过滤层构成。
进一步的，所述催化剂层是由催化剂堆积而成。
进一步的，所述催化剂是由变价金属离子改性后的活性炭、硅胶、氧化铝等吸附材料中的一种或多种。
本实用新型的技术特点和效果为：
（1）本实用新型将催化剂放在高频低温等离子体放电区域中后部，作为吸附和催化有机物。避免了单纯高频低温等离子体治理的不够充分，提高了废气治理的效果。
（2）本实用新型采用的技术和装置适用于低浓度、大风量、多组分的有机废气的处理。
（3）催化剂层起到降低了反应活化能的作用，使得活性物质和有机物分子快速反应。使得未反应完全的有机物继续反应，不会产生O3、NOX二次污染。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的成套装置工艺流程结构示意图。
图2是高频低温等离子体协同催化反应器的结构示意图，其中1为进风口；2为不锈钢筛网层层；3为无纺布过滤层；4为玻璃纤维过滤网；5为高频低温等离子体协同催化装置；6为装置壳体；7为催化剂层；8为出风口；9为支撑脚；10为催化剂置换口。
具体实施方式
为了使本实用新型的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施例，对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明。
如图1所示，本实用新型的高频低温等离子体协同吸附催化治理有机废气的成套装置，包括废气流量计、预处理系统、高频低温等离子体协同催化反应器、引风机和排放塔。所述设备通过风道相连接，预处理系统和控制阀之间风道支路作为入口总烃取样口，引风机和排放塔之间风道支路作为出口总烃取样口，控制阀控制进入高频低温等离子协同催化反应器的气体流量。预处理系统包括温度调节和除湿处理，温度调节通过热电偶反馈气体温度判断对气体进行加热和冷却处理，可以是一个设备或者多个设备使用一套预处理系统，达到进入高频低温等离子体协同催化作用下最适合的条件。然后利用高频低温等离子体协同催化作用把有机废气进行分解，生成无害小分子；再利用催化剂降低未反应完全的有机物的活化能，将有机物转化为无毒的CO2和H2O。
如图2所示，本实用新型所采用的高频低温等离子体协同催化反应器，包括壳体6，在该壳体6前后两端分别设置有进风口1与出风口8，所述壳体6内部靠近进风口1处设置有过滤层，同时靠近出风口8处设置有催化剂层7，所述壳体6内部还设置有高频低温等离子体5，该高频低温等离子体5位于过滤层与催化剂层7中间；所述壳体6下端设置有支撑脚9，所述壳体6外侧还设置有与催化剂层7连接的催化剂置换口10。所述过滤层依次分别由不锈钢筛网层2、无纺布过滤层3、玻璃纤维过滤层4构成。所述催化剂层（7）是由催化剂堆积而成。所述催化剂为变价金属离子改性后的活性炭、硅胶、氧化铝等吸附材料中的一种或多种。
有机废气（工业挥发性有机物（VOCs）废气）进入预处理系统前，通过废气流量计和总烃取样，得出流量为20000Nm3/h的工业挥发性有机物（VOCs）废气中非甲烷总烃浓度为2000mg/Nm3，然后通过控制阀控制进入高频低温等离子体协同催化反应器（图1中的低温等离子体协同催化装置），高频电压30kV，频率8kHz，处理后的废气通过引风机进入排放塔排放；经本实用新型处理后的废气非甲烷总烃浓度为60mg/Nm3，苯降至4mg/Nm3（出口总烃取样口检验得）。
以上所述，以上具体实施例仅是本实用新型的较佳应用，并非是对本实用新型专利范围的限制。应当指出，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型，但是未脱离本实用新型技术方案内容，仍属于本实用新型的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于等离子体协同吸附催化治理有机废气的装置，其特征在于：该装置包括废气流量计、预处理系统、高频低温等离子体协同催化反应器、引风机和排放塔，所述废气流量计的出口与预处理系统的入口相连接，所述预处理系统的出口与高频低温等离子体协同催化反应器的入口相连接，所述高频低温等离子体协同催化反应器的出口与引风机入口相连接，所述引风机的出口与排放塔相连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述预处理系统包括温度调节模块和除湿处理模块。
3.根据权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于：所述温度调节模块通过热电偶反馈气体温度判断对气体进行加热和冷却处理。
4.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述引风机采用带引风和鼓风功能的离心风机，离心风机的电机为变频电机。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述高频低温等离子体协同催化反应器包括壳体（6），在该壳体（6）前后两端分别设置有进风口（1）与出风口（8），所述壳体（6）内部靠近进风口（1）处设置有过滤层，同时靠近出风口（8）处设置有催化剂层（7），所述壳体（6）内部还设置有高频低温等离子体（5），该高频低温等离子体（5）位于过滤层与催化剂层（7）中间；所述壳体（6）下端设置有支撑脚（9），所述壳体（6）外侧还设置有与催化剂层（7）连接的催化剂置换口（10）。
6.根据权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于：所述过滤层依次分别由不锈钢筛网层（2）、无纺布过滤层（3）、玻璃纤维过滤层（4）构成。
7.根据权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于：所述催化剂层（7）是由催化剂堆积而成。
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