CN208196371U - A kind of three axis numerically controlled machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-axis numerical control machine tool and a positioning method thereof. The three-axis CNC machine tool includes a base, a workbench above the base, a bracket fixed on the base, three sets of cutter shaft assemblies installed on the bracket, and a cutter head receiving box. The base and the workbench There is a Y-axis drive mechanism that drives the worktable to run along the Y-axis direction of the base; the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies are located above the worktable, and the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies are relatively fixedly installed on the bracket. The assembly realizes running along the X-axis direction on the bracket through an X-axis drive mechanism; the cutter head receiving box is fixed on the workbench, and the cutter head holders are respectively provided with three groups of cutter shaft assemblies corresponding to the cutter head receiving box, A socket for placing a cutter head is opened on each cutter head support. After adopting the above technical scheme, the utility model is provided with three sets of cutter shaft assemblies and three sets of corresponding cutter head supports at the same time, which can complete the processing of three workpieces at the same time. The utility model is especially suitable for some workpieces with large quantity and small volume, such as mobile phone frames and the like.

Description

A three-axis CNC machine tool

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a three-axis numerical control machine tool.

Background technique

CNC machine tool is the abbreviation of numerical control machine tool, which is an automatic machine tool equipped with a program control system. The control system can logically process programs with control codes or other symbolic instructions, decode them, express them in coded numbers, and input them into the numerical control device through the information carrier. After calculation and processing, various control signals are sent by the numerical control device to control the movement of the machine tool, and the parts are automatically processed according to the shape and size required by the drawing.

A simple CNC machine tool usually has a cutter shaft and a worktable, the workpiece is fixed on the worktable, and the workpiece is processed in the three directions of X/Y/Z through the driving mechanism. During the processing of the workpiece, it is usually necessary to use different cutter heads, so a cutter head storage box is generally set in the CNC machine tool, and there are a variety of different specifications of cutter heads in the cutter head storage box, which can be replaced according to needs. knife head.

Although CNC machine tools can realize automatic processing, since each set of cutter shaft assemblies can only process one workpiece at a time, for some products with small volume and large quantities, the production efficiency of this single-axis CNC machine tool is low, so the current market There are two-axis or multi-axis CNC machine tools on the Internet, which can process more than two workpieces at a time, but for multi-axis CNC machine tools, the processing is relatively complicated, especially in the process of changing the tool head. The corresponding cutter head in each cutter head storage box keeps the hardcover positioning. How to realize the correspondence between multiple cutter shafts and the cutter heads in the cutter head storage box is a processing problem. Since each cutter shaft needs to be equipped with multiple cutter heads at the same time, Three sets of cutter shafts are equipped with three sets of cutter heads at the same time, and all the cutter shafts need to be in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding cutter heads, which is difficult to process and difficult to determine the positioning reference. The utility model improves and designs on this basis exactly.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a three-axis numerical control machine tool for the deficiencies of the prior art.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a three-axis CNC machine tool includes: a base, a workbench located above the base, a bracket fixed on the base, and three sets of cutter shafts installed on the bracket assembly, and a cutter head housing box, a Y-axis drive mechanism that drives the worktable to run along the Y-axis direction of the base is provided between the base and the workbench; the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies are located above the workbench, and The three groups of cutter shaft assemblies are relatively fixedly installed on the bracket, and the three groups of cutter shaft assemblies realize the operation along the X-axis direction on the bracket through an X-axis drive mechanism; the cutter head receiving box is fixed on the workbench, and the cutter head Corresponding to the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies in the containing box, cutter head brackets are respectively provided, and a socket for placing a cutter head is opened on each cutter head bracket.

Further, in the above technical solution, a hood is arranged above the base, a window is arranged in front of the hood, and a sliding glass door is arranged at the window; a console is arranged on one side of the hood, The console is pivotally connected to the side of the machine cover.

Further, in the above technical solution, a lower groove is formed on the upper surface of the base, a flow guide groove is opened on the surface of the lower groove, and a guide groove penetrating downward is provided in the flow guide groove. Orifice.

Further, in the above technical solution, a flow guide is provided at the position corresponding to the flow guide hole under the base, and the water outlet of the flow guide is connected to a liquid collection tank, and a filter is arranged in the liquid collection tank. network.

Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the table surface of the workbench is composed of several bar-shaped tables distributed at intervals; the Y-axis drive mechanism includes: a Y-axis guide table fixed on the upper surface of the base, a Y-axis guide table fixed on the Y-axis The Y-axis guide rail in the guide table, the Y-axis slider matched with the Y-axis guide rail, the Y-axis motor fixed on the base, the Y-axis screw driven by the Y-axis motor, and a Y-axis screw matched with the Y-axis screw. Shaft screw sleeve; the Y-axis slider and the Y-axis screw sleeve are fixed on a Y-axis linkage plate, and the two ends of the Y-axis linkage plate are extended from both sides of the Y-axis guide table, and pass through A spacer is fixed with the workbench.

Further, in the above technical solution, the X-axis drive mechanism includes: an X-axis linkage plate fixed simultaneously with three sets of cutter shaft assemblies, an X-axis guide rail arranged on the X-axis linkage plate, and an X-axis guide rail A matching X-axis slider, an X-axis motor fixed on the bracket, an X-axis screw driven by the X-axis motor, and an X-axis screw sleeve matched with the X-axis screw; the X-axis slider X and the X-axis screw sleeve X are fixed on the X-axis linkage plate, and the X-axis screw is driven by the X-axis motor to rotate, driving the X-axis screw sleeve and the X-axis linkage plate to move along the X-axis guide rail.

Further, in the above technical solution, the cutter head receiving box includes: a box body and a cover body, and the three cutter head brackets corresponding to the three groups of cutter shaft assemblies are located in the box body; The sockets at the corresponding positions correspond to the positions of the cutter shafts in the three groups of cutter shaft assemblies respectively.

Further, in the above technical solution, the cover is connected to the box body through a cover driving mechanism; the cover driving mechanism includes: a box cylinder fixed on the box body, a box body fixed on the box body Body guide rod, matched with the box body guide rod and fixed on the box body slider fixed on the cover body; wherein the end of the piston rod of the box body cylinder is fixed to the cover body, and the box body cylinder is used to push the cover body to cooperate with or separate from the box body .

After adopting the above technical scheme, the utility model is provided with three sets of cutter shaft assemblies and three sets of corresponding cutter head supports at the same time, which can complete the processing of three workpieces at the same time. The utility model is especially suitable for some workpieces with large quantity and small volume, such as mobile phone frames and the like.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the front view of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the front view after removing the hood in the utility model;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view after removing the hood in the utility model;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of another viewing angle in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a diversion tank and a liquid collection tank in the utility model;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the workbench part in the utility model;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the bottom angle of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of three sets of cutter shaft assemblies and bracket parts in the utility model;

Fig. 10 is a three-dimensional exploded view of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the cutter head containing box in the utility model;

FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 11 .

Detailed ways

The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-5, the utility model is a three-axis CNC machine tool, which includes: a base 1, a workbench 2, a bracket 3, three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4, a cutter head receiving box 5, and a cutter head 6 , hood 7, console 8 and chiller 9.

The base 1 is used as a bearing part of the present invention, and a machine cover 7 is arranged above it, and a window 71 is arranged in front of the said machine cover 7, and a sliding glass door 72 is arranged at the window 71 . In the working process of the utility model, the workpiece will produce chips during the machining process, and the machine cover 7 can prevent the chips from splashing. Simultaneously, the processing process of the workpiece can be observed at any time through the sliding glass door 72, and when abnormal conditions occur, the sliding glass door 72 can be opened for maintenance work.

In addition, a console 8 is disposed on one side of the hood 7 , and the console 8 is pivotally connected to the side of the hood 8 . The console 8 can be rotated as required, so as to be adjusted to an angle suitable for the operator. Chiller 9 is used for cooling liquid supply.

A lower groove 10 is formed on the upper surface of the base 1, and a flow guide groove 11 is opened on the surface of the lower groove 10, and a flow guide hole 12 penetrating downward is provided in the flow guide groove 11, A filter screen is arranged on the guide hole 12 . Because the CNC machine tool needs to use coolant to cool the cutter head during the machining process, these coolants need to be collected, and the coolant falls in the lower groove 10 on the upper surface of the base 1, and the collected coolant will flow into the lower In the diversion groove 11, it is discharged downward through the diversion hole 12. There are two diversion grooves 11 , which are just located at the edge positions of the left and right sides of the workbench 2 , so that the cooling liquid and chips falling from the workbench can just flow into the diversion grooves 11 . The filter screen provided on the diversion hole 12 can remove debris generated during the processing.

As shown in FIG. 6 , after the collected cooling liquid is discharged downward through the guide hole 12 , the collected cooling liquid is discharged outward through a guide member 13 . The deflector 13 is located under the base 1 and just located in the corresponding deflector hole 12 . The deflector 13 has a certain inclination angle, and its water outlet is located at the lower end, and communicates with a liquid collection tank 14 . After the cooling liquid is recovered and processed through the liquid collecting tank 14 again, it can be recycled again. The liquid collecting tank 14 is provided with a filter screen 141 , and after the cooling liquid is guided into the liquid collecting tank 14 through the deflector 13 , it needs to be filtered again.

As shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the workbench 2 is arranged above the base 1, and a Y-axis drive mechanism 20 is arranged between the base 1 and the workbench 2, and the workbench 2 is driven along the base through the Y-axis drive mechanism 20. 1 running in the direction of the Y axis.

The workbench 2 is generally rectangular, and its surface is composed of a plurality of bar-shaped tables 21 distributed at intervals. Spaced grooves are formed between the bar-shaped tables 21, and these grooves can be used for guiding flow of cooling liquid. A ring of flanges 22 is arranged on the periphery of the workbench 2 , holes are provided on the flanges 22 on the left and right sides, and a front and rear guide groove 23 is also arranged at the front and rear ends of the workbench 2 . The cooling liquid collected by the workbench 2 is guided downward from both sides, and just falls into the two guide grooves 11 on the base 1 .

The Y-axis driving mechanism 20 includes: a Y-axis guide table 201 fixed on the upper surface of the base 1, a Y-axis guide rail 202 arranged in the Y-axis guide table 201, and a Y-axis slider 203 matched with the Y-axis guide rail 202 , a Y-axis motor 204 fixed on the base 1 , a Y-axis screw 205 driven by the Y-axis motor 204 , and a Y-axis screw sleeve 206 matched with the Y-axis screw 205 . The upper surface of the Y-axis guide table 201 is covered with a cover plate 209 to prevent the coolant from falling inside the Y-axis guide table 201 .

The Y-axis slider 203 and the Y-axis screw sleeve 206 are fixed on a Y-axis linkage plate 207, and the two ends of the Y-axis linkage plate 207 extend from both sides of the Y-axis guide table 201, and pass through A pad 208 is fixed with the workbench 2 . During work, the Y-axis motor 204 drives the Y-axis screw rod 205 to rotate, and the Y-axis screw rod sleeve 206 matched with the Y-axis screw rod 205 will move forward and backward along the Y-axis screw rod 205, and drive the Y-axis linkage plate 207 to move, realizing The movement of the worktable 2 along the Y-axis direction of the base.

As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4 are located above the workbench 2, and the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4 are relatively fixedly installed on the bracket 3, and the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4 are driven by an X axis The mechanism 40 realizes running along the X-axis direction on the support 3 . The support 3 is a gantry frame, and three groups of cutter shaft assemblies 4 are arranged on the upper beam of the support 3, and the specific structure is as follows:

The X-axis driving mechanism 40 includes: an X-axis linkage plate 401 fixed simultaneously with three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4, an X-axis guide rail 402 arranged on the X-axis linkage plate 401, and an X-axis guide rail 402 matched with the X-axis guide rail 402. A shaft slider 403 , an X-axis motor 404 fixed on the bracket 3 , an X-axis screw 405 driven by the X-axis motor 404 , and an X-axis screw sleeve 406 matched with the X-axis screw 405 . The X-axis slider X03 and the X-axis screw cover X06 are fixed on the X-axis linkage plate 401, and the X-axis screw 405 is driven by the X-axis motor 404 to rotate, driving the X-axis screw cover 406 and the X-axis The axis linkage plate 401 moves along the X-axis guide rail 402 .

During work, the workpiece is fixed on the workbench 2 through the fixture, and the X-axis drive mechanism 40 combined with the Y-axis drive mechanism 20 can realize the X/Y axis direction between the workpiece and the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4 . For the movement on the Z-axis direction, it is produced by the cutter shaft assembly 4 itself, and each cutter shaft assembly 4 is provided with a Z-axis drive mechanism. Similar, what also adopt is screw drive mechanism. It includes a fixed box 41 fixedly connected with the X-axis linkage plate 401, a Z-axis drive mechanism 42 arranged in the fixed box 41, the Z-axis drive mechanism 42 is linked with the knife shaft slide plate 43, and the knife shaft assembly 4 The cutter shaft part 44 is installed on the cutter shaft slide plate 43 and moves in the Z-axis direction through the Z-axis driving mechanism 42 .

In combination with the above, the cutter shaft part 44 is driven by the X-axis drive mechanism 40, the Y-axis drive mechanism 20, and the Z-axis drive mechanism 42 to finally realize the movement in the X/Y/Z-axis direction between the workpiece and the cutter shaft part 44, Complete the processing of the workpiece.

The utility model is also provided with a cutter head containing box 5, and cutter heads 6 of different specifications are placed in the cutter head receiving box 5, and these cutter heads 6 can be replaced by the cutter heads of the cutter shaft portion 44. As shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, the cutter head storage box 5 is fixed on the workbench 2, and the cutter head holders 51 are respectively arranged in the cutter head holder box 5 corresponding to the three groups of cutter shaft assemblies 4, and each cutter head An insertion hole 52 for placing the cutter head 6 is opened on the head support 51 . The cutter head receiving box 5 includes: a box body 53 and a cover body 54, and the three cutter head brackets 51 corresponding to the three groups of cutter shaft assemblies 4 are located in the box body 53; each cutter head bracket 51 corresponds to The jacks of the positions correspond to the positions of the cutter shafts in the three groups of cutter shaft assemblies 4 respectively.

In order to prevent coolant, debris, etc. from falling into the bit receiving box 5 during machining, a cover body 54 is provided. In order to realize the automatic opening and closing of the cover body 54 , the cover body 502 described in the utility model is connected with the box body 53 through the cover body driving mechanism 50 . The cover driving mechanism 50 includes: a box body cylinder 501 fixed on the box body 53, a box body guide rod 503 fixed on the box body 53, a box body guide rod 503 matched and fixed on the cover body 54. Box slider 504; wherein the end of the piston rod 502 of the box cylinder 501 is fixed to the cover 54, and the box cylinder 501 pushes the cover 54 to cooperate with or separate from the box 53.

In conjunction with the above, when the utility model is working, the three groups of cutter shaft assemblies 4 in the cutter head receiving box 5 are respectively provided with cutter head brackets 51, and each cutter head holder 51 is provided with a jack for placing the cutter head 6 52. When it is necessary to change the cutter head, the three groups of cutter shaft assemblies 4 are first driven and moved to the top of the cutter head receiving box 5 by the X-axis drive mechanism 40 and the Y-axis drive mechanism 20, and then moved down to the cutter head by the Z-axis drive mechanism 42. In the head receiving box 5, drop onto the corresponding cutter head 6, to realize the installation of the cutter head 6 placed in the cutter head receiving box 5. Since each cutter shaft portion 44 corresponds to a cutter head bracket 51 , and a plurality of insertion holes 52 are provided in the cutter head holder 51 , for example, nine insertion holes are provided in the embodiment of the present invention. In the process of changing the cutter head, the assembly must be accurate and the error is small, otherwise the cutter shaft portion 44 will not correspond to the insertion hole 52, resulting in the failure to change the cutter head or the difficulty of changing the cutter head. However, the utility model is provided with three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4, which increases the difficulty of processing and assembly, so the utility model adopts the following positioning method.

In the utility model, the positioning method of the position of the cutter shaft in the three groups of cutter shaft assemblies 4 and the position of each jack 52 in the cutter head support 51 adopts the following method: this positioning method is to first locate the three groups of cutter shaft assemblies 4, and then Taking the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4 as the machining reference, the insertion holes are processed on the cutter head holder 51 of the cutter head receiving box 5 . Specifically, the method includes the following steps:

Then, the cutter head storage box 5 is fixedly installed in the numerically controlled machine tool;

Finally, three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4 are used to process insertion holes on the cutter head holder 51 of the cutter head storage box 5 .

In the first step, three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4 are installed, and the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4 are all fixedly mounted on an X-axis linkage plate 401 to realize relative positioning of the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4 . That is, first, the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4 are relatively fixedly installed in the CNC machine tool, so that the three sets of cutter shaft parts 44 in the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4 are consolidated into one body, and this combination will be used as a positioning reference later.

In the second step, according to the design drawing, the cutter head receiving box 5 is installed, and the bracket 51 is installed in the cutter shaft receiving box 5, this time at the assembly location of the rough part. At this time, the socket 52 is not completely processed on the bracket 51 . For example, if the diameter of the jack 52 is 6 cm, the rough blank of the jack that is processed earlier on the support 51 should be opened with a diameter of 4-5 cm.

The third step is to install a milling cutter 6 on each cutter shaft of the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4, and move the three sets of cutter shaft assemblies 4 above the cutter shaft housing box 5, start the cutter shaft assembly 4, and start through the three heads 6 Corresponding socket holes 52 are milled out on the bit holder 51 . Since the three groups of cutter shaft assemblies 4 have been fixed at this time, the cutter head receiving box 5 and the bracket 51 have also been fixed, that is, the three groups of cutter shaft assemblies 4 and the bracket 51 have been relatively fixed. At this time, the rough blank for the insertion hole is enlarged through the cutter shaft part 44 in the cutter shaft assembly 4 to finally reach a standard hole diameter. In the process of reaming, even if there is a large error between the cutter shaft assembly 4 and the original jack blank, it will be modified during the reaming process, and finally the position of the cutter shafts in the three groups of cutter shaft assemblies 4 is consistent with the The precise positioning of the position of each insertion hole 52 in the cutter head support 51.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and do not limit the technical scope of the present utility model in any way, so any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present utility model, All still belong to within the scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of three axis numerically controlled machine, which includes: pedestal (1), the workbench (2) being located above pedestal (1), fixes In bracket (3), three groups of cutter shaft components (4) being mounted on bracket (3) and the cutter head accommodating case (5) on pedestal (1), It is characterized in that:

The Y that a driving workbench (2) is run along pedestal (1) Y direction is provided between the pedestal (1) and workbench (2) Axis driving mechanism (20)；

Three groups of cutter shaft components (4) are located above workbench (2), and three groups of cutter shaft components (4) are relatively fixed is mounted on On bracket (3), three groups of cutter shaft components (4) realize the operation on bracket (3) along the x axis by an X-axis driving mechanism (40)；

Every group of cutter shaft component (4) includes a cutter shaft portion (44) and Z axis driving mechanism (42), is driven by Z axis driving mechanism (42) Moving knife axle portion (44) realizes the movement in Z-direction；

The cutter head accommodating case (5) is fixed on workbench (2), and corresponding three groups of cutter shaft components in cutter head accommodating case (5) (4) cutter head bracket (51) are respectively arranged with, in offering the jack for placing cutter head (6) on each cutter head bracket (51) (52)。

2. a kind of three axis numerically controlled machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be provided with above the pedestal (1) One hood (7), the hood (7) front are provided with a window (71), sliding glass door (72) are provided at window (71)； The side of hood (7) is provided with operation bench (8), which is articulated in the side of hood (7).

3. a kind of three axis numerically controlled machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described pedestal (1) upper surface is formed There is a lower groove (10), offered diversion trench (11) in the surface of the lower groove (10), and is set in diversion trench (11) Be equipped with downward through deflector hole (12).

4. a kind of three axis numerically controlled machine according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: correspondence is led below the pedestal (1) The position of discharge orifice (12) is provided with conducting element (13), which is connected to a collecting tank (14), the collection Strainer (141) are provided in liquid bath (14).

5. a kind of three axis numerically controlled machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the table top of the workbench (2) by Several bar shaped platforms (21) are spaced apart composition；The Y-axis driving mechanism (20) includes: to be fixed on the Y-axis of pedestal (1) upper surface Guide table (201), the Y-axis guide rail (202) being set in Y-axis guide table (201), the Y-axis sliding block with Y-axis guide rail (202) cooperation (203), the Y-axis motor (204) being fixed on pedestal (1), the Y-axis screw rod (205), the Yi Jiyi that are driven by Y-axis motor (204) With the Y-axis screw rod bushing (206) of Y-axis screw rod (205) cooperation；

The Y-axis sliding block (203) and Y-axis screw rod bushing (206) is fixed on a Y-axis interlock plate (207), the Y-axis interlock plate (207) both ends are extended by the two sides of Y-axis guide table (201), and fixed by a cushion block (208) and workbench (2).

6. a kind of three axis numerically controlled machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: X-axis driving mechanism (40) packet It includes: with three groups of cutter shaft components (4) while the X-axis interlock plate (401) fixed, the X-axis guide rail for being set to X-axis interlock plate (401) (402), with X-axis guide rail (402) cooperation X-axis slide block (403), be fixed on bracket (3) X-axis motor (404), pass through X-axis The X-axis screw rod bushing (406) that the X-axis screw rod (405) and one that motor (404) drives cooperate with X-axis screw rod (405)；

The X-axis slide block (X03) and X-axis screw rod bushing (X06) is fixed on the X-axis interlock plate (401), passes through X-axis horse It is rotated up to (404) driving X-axis screw rod (405), drives X-axis screw rod bushing (406) and X-axis interlock plate (401) along X-axis guide rail (402) It is mobile.

7. a kind of three axis numerically controlled machine described in any one of -6 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cutter head holds Case (5) includes: box body (53) and lid (54), three cutter head brackets (51) corresponding with three groups cutter shaft component (4) In box body (53)；In each cutter head bracket (51) jack of corresponding position respectively with the cutter shaft in three groups of cutter shaft components (4) Position is corresponding.

8. a kind of three axis numerically controlled machine according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the lid (54) is driven by lid Motivation structure (50) is connect with box body (53)；The lid driving mechanism (50) includes: the box body gas being fixed on box body (53) Cylinder (501), cooperates with box body guide rod (503) and is fixed on lid (54) the box body guide rod (503) being fixed on box body (53) Fixed box body sliding block (504)；Wherein piston rod (502) end Yu lid (54) of the box body cylinder (501) are fixed, pass through Box body cylinder (501) pushes lid (54) to cooperate or separate with box body (53).