CN208186895U - A kind of air vacuum spray penetration refrigerating plant - Google Patents
A kind of air vacuum spray penetration refrigerating plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN208186895U CN208186895U CN201820110510.8U CN201820110510U CN208186895U CN 208186895 U CN208186895 U CN 208186895U CN 201820110510 U CN201820110510 U CN 201820110510U CN 208186895 U CN208186895 U CN 208186895U
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- expander
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of air vacuum spray penetration refrigerating plants, the deep refrigerating device includes turbo-expander, turbo-expander is by spiral case, turbine wheel shaft, the turbine wheel being located on turbine wheel shaft, and it is located at multiple de Laval noz(zle)s on spiral case, turbine wheel shaft one end fixed turbine impeller, the other end is connected with generator or other machine for doing work, the de Laval noz(zle) being located on turbo-expander spiral case is communicated with atmosphere, the outlet of turbo-expander low-pressure end is connect through connecting tube with low temperature chamber one end, and the low temperature chamber other end is equipped with air duct, and air hose end is equipped with vacuum pump.The utility model is under the swabbing action of vacuum pump, normal temperature and pressure air into turbo-expander may be expanded to very low pressure, can achieve extremely low temperature, and the vacuum degree of vacuum pump is higher, the temperature of low temperature chamber is lower, meets the demand of the production or scientific research institution that need deep refrigerating.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to produce or the refrigerating field of scientific research more particularly to air vacuum spray penetration refrigeration neck
Domain.
Background technique
With the rapid development of economy, space temperature required for some productions or scientific research is lower and lower, some is very
To reaching -180 DEG C or less.Currently, the acquisition majority of this low temperature environment is realized by the dense-air refrigeration cycle of air.Its
Working principle is that air becomes the gas of high temperature and pressure after compressor compresses, and the gas of high temperature and pressure passes through cooling first
Temperature-fall period is reduced to a certain temperature, enters back into turbo-expander and carries out expansion working, becomes the air of low-temp low-pressure；Low temperature is low
The air of pressure enters low temperature space heat absorption, the gas re-enter compressor compresses after heat absorption.So circulation guarantees that low temperature is empty
Between maintain a certain lower state of temperature always.
The shortcomings that above-mentioned circulation is there are in terms of following three: (1) circulation air is compressed after low temperature space heat absorption, is had
Biggish temperature increases, it is necessary to by entering back into turbo-expander after cooling procedure heat release, could generate preferable temperature drop effect.
So air-cooling apparatus must be arranged in compressor outlet in the system.(2) turbo-expander outlet back pressure is unsuitable too low, generally
In normal pressure or so, the too low compression efficiency that can reduce compressor, and then reduce refrigerating efficiency；(3) under normal pressure due to air ,-
180 DEG C or so can liquefy, so, even if compressor delivery pressure is very high, can theoretically turbo-expander be made to go out
The air themperature of mouth reaches -200 DEG C or so of low temperature, in practice and irrealizable.In order to overcome deep refrigerating process
In disadvantages mentioned above, the utility model proposes a kind of structure is simple, operational safety economy, and the lower air vacuum of cryogenic temperature
Spray penetration refrigerating plant.
It is Chinese Patent Application No. 2017100062707, Chinese Patent Application No. with the most similar technology of the utility model
021382735 and Chinese Patent Application No. 012737747 disclosed in closed air cycle refrigerating plant.In Chinese Patent Application No.
In technology disclosed in 2017100062707, refrigeration system includes by the interconnected centrifugal blower of pipeline, expansion work recycling
Device returns cooler, with cold unit, and expansion work recyclable device includes centrifugal compressor and expanding machine, centrifugal blower outlet and institute
Centrifugal compressor entrance to be stated to be connected by pipeline, centrifugal compressor outlet is connected with described time cooler hot-side inlet by pipeline,
It goes back to the outlet of cooler hot end to be connected with the turboexpander inlet by pipeline, expander outlet and the cold unit entrance lead to
Piping is connected, and is connected with time cooler cold-side inlet by pipeline with the outlet of cold unit, returns cooler cold side outlet and the centrifugation
Fans entrance is connected by pipeline.The refrigeration machine it is technical the disadvantage is that, refrigeration system recycles the state of working medium in system of requiring
Parameter is metastable, and the refrigeration system that the technology proposes is exchanged only to absorb at cold unit with extraneous heat and be used
The heat of cold unit, without the process to Environment release heat, this necessarily causes the heat in system higher and higher, final to make
Cold efficiency is lower and lower, makes circulation that cannot continue to carry out, thus is also impossible to reach the low temperature requirements proposed in patent document；
A kind of air circulating refrigerating process and its device of producing powder disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 021382735, it is through pressing
The air of the compressed high temperature and pressure of contracting machine is cooled down by entering turbine expander after cooling device cooling, but in the cooling
After the low-temperature airflow that the heat of device high temperature pressure-air is exported from freezing chamber absorbs heat, taken back further through air compressor
System, so the system is also that can not be achieved lasting refrigeration cycle；Chinese Patent Application No. 012737747 discloses one
Kind of open type cold air machine, it include a water cooler, a left drying box, a right drying box, a heat exchanger and
One air turbine expanding machine, when work and the compressed air of high temperature and pressure passes through water cooler, enters back into turbine after cooling
Expander cooling.But in the apparatus, water cooler can not only waste a large amount of water, but also the sky of turbo-expander outlet
Gas can be because leading to the icing of low temperature chamber surface or frosting containing moisture, so that air temperature drop significantly reduces.
Utility model content
In order to meet deep refrigerating requirement obtained by some productions or scientific research, the utility model provides one kind with air and is
The air vacuum spray penetration refrigeration system of refrigerant.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is that:
A kind of air vacuum spray penetration refrigeration system, it includes turbo-expander, and turbo-expander is by spiral case, turbine
Axis, the turbine wheel being located on turbine wheel shaft, and the multiple de Laval noz(zle)s being located on spiral case, turbine wheel shaft one end fixed turbine leaf
Wheel, the other end are connected with generator or other machine for doing work, which is characterized in that the de Laval noz(zle) being located on turbo-expander spiral case
It being communicated with atmosphere, the outlet of turbo-expander low-pressure end is connect through connecting tube with low temperature chamber one end, and the low temperature chamber other end is equipped with air duct,
Air hose end is equipped with vacuum pump.
Above-mentioned low temperature chamber is the closed good low temperature chamber of insulation, and effect is that low temperature low speed flow absorbs in low temperature chamber
The heat of low temperature chamber maintains the low temperature environment of low temperature chamber, and the air after absorbing low temperature chamber heat is made by the suction of vacuum pump
With being discharged in atmospheric environment.
The method that the utility model air vacuum spray penetration refrigeration system realizes deep refrigerating is:
First: surrounding air realizes drop enthalpy under the ejector action of vacuum pump, through the de Laval noz(zle) in turbo-expander
Speedup becomes the Cryogenic air stream with high flow velocities, high negative；
Second: under the promotion of high-speed low temperature low-pressure air stream, the impeller blade high-speed rotation of turbo-expander drives turbine
Axis externally does work or drives electrical power generators, and the flow velocity with Airflow reduces, and becomes the low speed low-temperature airflow of high negative pressure；
Third: low speed low-temperature airflow enters low temperature chamber, after absorbing the indoor heat of low temperature, in the swabbing action of vacuum pump
Under, it is discharged in outdoor environment, the inlet temperature of low temperature room air depends on the vacuum degree of vacuum pump, and the vacuum degree of vacuum pump is got over
Greatly, the negative pressure of low temperature chamber is bigger, then degrees of expansion of the air in turbo-expander is bigger, and the mechanical energy of output is more, turbine
The air themperature of expander outlet is lower, then also lower into the temperature of low temperature room air；The Air Temperature of low temperature chamber outlet
Degree depends on the thermic load of low temperature chamber and the flow of vacuum pump, and thermic load is smaller, and the flow of vacuum pump is bigger, then low temperature chamber exports
Air themperature it is lower；The temperature of low temperature chamber can be approximately considered the arithmetic average equal to low temperature chamber inlet and outlet air themperature.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1, it is ambient air that the utility model, which enters the air of turbo-expander, be may be expanded to very in expanding machine
Low pressure can achieve extremely low temperature, and the vacuum degree of vacuum pump is higher, and the temperature of low temperature chamber is lower.If vacuum degree can
Reach 0.0991MPa, then the inlet air temperature of low temperature chamber theoretically reaches as high as -180 DEG C of low temperature below, and due to negative pressure
It is higher, the Liquefaction of air at lower temperatures is avoided, the need of the production or scientific research institution that need deep refrigerating are met
It asks.
2, the utility model during the work time, is not required to that special air-cooling apparatus is arranged.
3, the process of refrigerastion energy-saving and environmental protection of the utility model, safety.Air is complete harmless, air vacuum to environment
Ejector refrigeration overcomes the insecurity of environmental hazard and organic refrigerant using conventional refrigerants.
4, Tthe utility model system composition is simple, and compact-sized, equipment cost is low, and long service life is easy to maintain.
5, the utility model high cooling efficiency, the main power consumption of system are vacuum pump, and the output work of turbo-expander can
To be reduced the power consumption of partial vacuum pump, to greatly improve refrigerating efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment
Fig. 2 is turbo-expander schematic diagram in the utility model embodiment
In figure: 1- turbo-expander, 2- generator, 3- low temperature chamber, 4- vacuum pump, the air duct 5-, 6- turbine wheel shaft, 7- scaling spray
Pipe, the first de Laval noz(zle) of 7a-, the second de Laval noz(zle) of 7b-, 7c- third de Laval noz(zle), the 4th de Laval noz(zle) of 7d-, 8- turbine leaf
Wheel.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate its specific embodiment with the workflow of the utility model with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the air vacuum spray penetration refrigeration system of the utility model, it includes turbo-expander 1, turbine
Expanding machine by spiral case, turbine wheel shaft 6, the turbine wheel 8 being located on turbine wheel shaft 6, and the multiple de Laval noz(zle)s 7 being located on spiral case,
Set in embodiment there are four de Laval noz(zle), be respectively the first de Laval noz(zle) 7a, the second de Laval noz(zle) 7b, third de Laval noz(zle) 7c and
4th de Laval noz(zle) 7d；6 one end fixed turbine impeller 8 of turbine wheel shaft, the other end is connected with generator 2, as can be seen from Figure 1:
The de Laval noz(zle) 7 being located on spiral case is communicated with atmosphere, and turbo-expander decompression brings out mouth through connecting pipe and 3 input end of low temperature chamber
By flanged joint, 3 other end of low temperature chamber is equipped with air duct 5, and there is vacuum pump 4 in 5 end of air hose by flanged joint.
The method that the utility model air vacuum spray penetration refrigeration system realizes deep refrigerating is:
First: surrounding air realizes drop under the ejector action of vacuum pump 4, through the de Laval noz(zle) 7 in turbo-expander
Enthalpy speedup becomes have high flow velocities, the air stream of low-pressure low-temperature；
Second: under the promotion of high-speed low temperature low-pressure air stream, 8 high-speed rotation of turbine wheel of turbo-expander is driven
The generator 2 being connected with turbine wheel shaft 6 generates electricity, and the flow velocity with Airflow reduces, and becomes the low speed low-temperature airflow of high negative pressure；
Third: low speed low-temperature airflow enters low temperature chamber 3, after absorbing the heat in low temperature chamber 3, makees in the suction of vacuum pump 4
It under, is discharged in outdoor environment, so that low temperature chamber 3 be made to keep very low temperature.
The design parameter of each component of air vacuum injection cooling device is determined below according to the thermic load of low temperature chamber, specifically
It is as follows:
If environment temperature is 27 DEG C, atmospheric pressure 0.1MPa, de Laval noz(zle) outlet temperature is -250 DEG C, low temperature chamber outlet
Temperature is -175 DEG C, and low temperature chamber thermic load is 1000W.
According to conditions above, the design parameter of each equipment and component is determined respectively:
The turbine wheel high-speed rotation of turbo-expander, 80% kinetic energy are converted into mechanical energy acting, be left 20% it is dynamic
The temperature that turbo-expander can be made to export increases, and turbo-expander outlet temperature is low temperature chamber inlet temperature, then
T3=T2+0.2(T1-T2)=23+0.2 × (300-23)=78.4K (- 194.6 DEG C)
(1) vacuum pump type selecting parameter
The flow of vacuum pump, the temperature that low temperature chamber can be passed in and out according to the thermic load and air of low temperature chamber is determining, as the following formula really
It is fixed:
The vacuum degree of vacuum pump can determine as the following formula according to low temperature chamber inlet temperature:
(absolute pressure) then vacuum pump
Vacuum degree be 0.0991MPa.
(2) design parameter of turbo-expander jet pipe
It is assumed that as shown in Fig. 2, 4 de Laval noz(zle)s, the then mass flow of each jet pipe are arranged altogether are as follows:
The design parameter of each jet pipe is answered are as follows:
De Laval noz(zle) intake area: f1=542.43mm2；
De Laval noz(zle) exit area: f2=469.89mm2；
De Laval noz(zle) throat section area: fmi2=54.02mm2；
Throat section is to outlet length: L=92.44mm.
Specific calculating process is as follows:
Pressure P at de Laval noz(zle) throat sectionc=0.528P1=0.0528MPa > Pb=0.0009 MPa；
Temperature at de Laval noz(zle) throat section
Speed at de Laval noz(zle) throat section
Air at de Laval noz(zle) throat section compares volume
Area at de Laval noz(zle) throat section
Diameter at de Laval noz(zle) throat section
Speed at de Laval noz(zle) outlet
Air at de Laval noz(zle) outlet compares volume
Area at de Laval noz(zle) outlet
Diameter at de Laval noz(zle) outlet
Taking tip angle is 10 °, then the flaring segment length of de Laval noz(zle)If
Speed C at de Laval noz(zle) import section1=20m/s, the then area at de Laval noz(zle) import section
Diameter at de Laval noz(zle) import section
Claims (1)
1. a kind of air vacuum spray penetration refrigerating plant, it includes turbo-expander, and turbo-expander is by spiral case, turbine wheel shaft,
The turbine wheel being located on turbine wheel shaft, and the multiple de Laval noz(zle)s being located on spiral case, turbine wheel shaft one end fixed turbine impeller, separately
One end is connected with generator or other machine for doing work, which is characterized in that is located at de Laval noz(zle) on turbo-expander spiral case and big
Gas phase is logical, and the outlet of turbo-expander low-pressure end is connect through connecting tube with low temperature chamber one end, and the low temperature chamber other end is equipped with air duct, air hose
End is equipped with vacuum pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820110510.8U CN208186895U (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2018-01-23 | A kind of air vacuum spray penetration refrigerating plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820110510.8U CN208186895U (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2018-01-23 | A kind of air vacuum spray penetration refrigerating plant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN208186895U true CN208186895U (en) | 2018-12-04 |
Family
ID=64442908
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820110510.8U Expired - Fee Related CN208186895U (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2018-01-23 | A kind of air vacuum spray penetration refrigerating plant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN208186895U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108120043A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-06-05 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of air vacuum spray penetration refrigerating plant and its method for realizing deep refrigerating |
-
2018
- 2018-01-23 CN CN201820110510.8U patent/CN208186895U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108120043A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-06-05 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of air vacuum spray penetration refrigerating plant and its method for realizing deep refrigerating |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20181204 Termination date: 20220123 |