CN208080158U - A kind of household plant factor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of plant cultivation devices, in particular to a household plant factory. A rotatable cultivation column is erected vertically on the horizontal base plate of the household plant factory, and multi-layer cultivation areas are vertically arranged on the cultivation column, and an outer protective structure is installed outside the cultivation column, and the side of the outer protective structure is provided with a The light-transmitting side wall and the side wall are equipped with supplementary light, so as to ensure uniform illumination of each plant in vertical cultivation, and realize the complementarity of natural light and artificial light, so as to complete plant cultivation in an energy-saving and efficient manner; the control mechanism is separately connected with the The cultivation column is connected to the supplementary light, which is used to detect the light intensity and light cycle received by each layer of cultivation area, so as to control the opening and closing of the supplementary light and the cultivation column according to the light intensity and light cycle of each layer of cultivation area. The rotation speed can meet the needs of plant cultivation in different growth stages, and finally form an automated plant factory that can meet the needs of family leaf vegetable production and can continuously produce leaf vegetables within a certain period of time.

Description

A domestic plant factory

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of plant cultivation devices, in particular to a household plant factory.

Background technique

The plant factory is an efficient agricultural system that realizes annual continuous production of crops through high-precision environmental control in the facility. It uses intelligent computers and electronic sensing systems to automatically control environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, light, CO2 concentration, and nutrient solution for plant growth. , a labor-saving production method that makes the growth and development of plants in the facility not or rarely restricted by natural conditions. According to the construction scale, plant factories can be divided into four types: large (above 5000m), medium (1000-5000m), small (100-1000m), and micro (below 100m).

According to the development trend of plant factories, miniaturization and home application are one of the important directions. At present, the existing plant factories usually use a laminated structure as the main frame structure, and use the substrate cultivation method as the plant cultivation method, or adopt the structural form of a light incubator. The above-mentioned structures are all used in plant cultivation experiments, and generally have the problems of complicated operation and high power consumption, and lack the prospect of practical application. In addition, the current common balcony agriculture usually uses matrix cultivation as the cultivation mode. The manual operation is more complicated, and the sanitary conditions are not easy to guarantee. Moreover, the requirements for the lighting and area of the balcony are high, which is not convenient for household plant cultivation.

Utility model content

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a household plant factory, which can simplify the operation process, save the occupied area, and realize the complementarity of natural light and artificial light, so that the plant cultivation can be completed with energy saving and high efficiency in an environment with sufficient light.

(2) Technical solution

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a household plant factory, which includes:

horizontal substrate;

A rotatable cultivation column stands vertically on the base plate, and multi-layer cultivation areas are vertically arranged on the cultivation column;

The outer protective structure is surrounded by the cultivation column, the side of the outer protective structure is provided with a side wall for light transmission, and the side wall is provided with a supplementary light;

The control mechanism is respectively connected with the cultivation column and the supplementary light, and is used to respectively detect the light intensity and light cycle received by the cultivation area of each layer, so that according to the light intensity and light cycle of the cultivation area of each layer, respectively Controlling the opening and closing of the supplementary light and the rotation speed of the cultivation column.

Preferably, a plurality of planting holes for cultivating plants are respectively arranged in the cultivation area of each layer, and each planting hole arranged in the same cultivation area is arranged along the horizontal direction, so that all the planting holes in the cultivation area The planting holes can be arranged along the circumference of the cultivation column, and the planting holes in the cultivation areas of two adjacent layers are arranged alternately.

Preferably, the distance between every two adjacent planting holes is equal.

Preferably, the intervals between the cultivation areas of every two adjacent layers are equal.

Preferably, a return air channel is provided at the axis of the cultivation column, ventilation fans are respectively provided at both ends of the return air channel, and an air source for supplying oxygen and/or carbon dioxide is communicated in the return air channel .

Preferably, the axis of the cultivation column is provided with a water supply circulation mechanism.

Preferably, the replenishment circulation mechanism includes a liquid storage tank, a water pump, a liquid supply pipe and a spray head, the liquid storage tank is installed at the bottom of the cultivation column, and a liquid supply pipe is vertically installed at the axis of the cultivation column, A plurality of spray heads are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the liquid supply pipe, and each of the spray heads is spaced at a certain distance; the bottom of the liquid supply pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank through a water pump.

Preferably, a shading curtain is installed in the side wall of the outer protective structure, and a temperature control mechanism is installed between the outer protective structure and the cultivation column.

Preferably, the control mechanism includes:

A plurality of light sensors, respectively arranged in the cultivation areas of each layer on the cultivation column, are used to respectively detect the light intensity and light cycle received by the cultivation areas of each layer;

A supplementary light control unit, connected to the supplementary light, for controlling the opening and closing of the supplementary light;

a rotation control unit connected to the cultivation column and used to control the rotation speed of the cultivation column;

The control center is respectively connected with the supplementary light control unit, the rotation control unit, and each of the light sensors.

Preferably, the device further includes an equipment layer, the equipment layer is arranged on the bottom of the substrate, and an accommodating space for arranging the control mechanism is provided in the equipment layer.

(3) Beneficial effects

The above-mentioned technical solution of the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the horizontal base plate of the household plant factory of the utility model is vertically provided with a rotatable cultivation column, and multi-layer cultivation areas are vertically arranged on the cultivation column to realize multi-plant cultivation. Vertical cultivation, so as to reduce the area occupied by the equipment; an outer protective structure is installed outside the cultivation column, and the side of the outer protective structure is provided with a side wall for light transmission. Each plant in the type cultivation can receive the light evenly through rotation, and can realize the reasonable complementarity of natural light and artificial light, so as to ensure the energy-saving and efficient plant cultivation in an environment with sufficient light; the household plant factory is also equipped with a control mechanism, the control mechanism They are respectively connected to the cultivation column and the supplementary light to detect the light intensity and light cycle received by the cultivation area of each layer, so as to control the opening and closing of the supplementary light and the cultivation according to the light intensity and light cycle of the cultivation area of each layer The rotation speed of the column effectively simplifies the operation process, and can automatically adjust the light intensity according to the growth stage of the plants in each layer of cultivation area to meet the needs of plant cultivation in different growth stages, and finally form a plant that can meet the needs of family leaf vegetable production. , An automated plant factory that can continuously produce leafy vegetables within a certain period of time.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the household vertical plant cultivation device of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the household vertical plant cultivation device of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the water supply circulation mechanism of the embodiment of the utility model.

Among them, 1. Cultivation column; 2. Outer protection structure; 3. Base plate; 4. Equipment layer; 5. Fill light; 6. Planting hole; 7. Ventilation fan; 8. Liquid storage tank; 9. Water pump; 10. Nozzle; 11. Liquid supply pipe.

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the utility model, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail" etc. is Based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot It should be understood as a limitation of the present utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or Integratively connected; it can be mechanically or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

The household plant factory described in this embodiment is suitable for the cultivation of leafy vegetables. This embodiment takes soilless hydroponics as an example to describe the structure and usage of the plant factory in detail.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the plant factory includes a horizontal base plate 3, a rotatable cultivation column 1, an outer enclosure structure 2, and a control mechanism. The rotatable cultivation column 1 stands vertically on the horizontal base plate 3, and when the cultivation column 1 rotates, its rotation axis is perpendicular to the base plate 3; on the cultivation column 1, there are vertically arranged multi-layer cultivation areas to realize the growth of multiple plants. Vertical cultivation, thereby reducing the equipment footprint; outside the cultivation column 1, an outer protective structure 2 is installed, and the side of the outer protective structure 2 is provided with a side wall for light transmission, and a supplementary light 5 is provided on the side wall , preferably the side wall is made of light-transmitting strengthened glass. The outer protective structure 2 can not only ensure the reliable protection of each plant on the cultivation column 1, but also ensure the cultivation of each layer through the rotation of the cultivation column 1. Each plant on the layer can receive the light evenly, and can also utilize the light-transmitting side walls of the outer enclosure structure 2 and the setting of the supplementary light 5, so as to realize the reasonable complementarity of natural light and artificial light, which can be used when the natural light is sufficient. Energy-saving and high-efficiency production can be carried out in an environment with insufficient natural light, and artificial light production can be carried out in an environment with insufficient natural light, so as to realize energy-saving and efficient plant cultivation in an environment with sufficient light.

The household plant factory is also provided with a control mechanism, which is respectively connected with the cultivation column 1 and the supplementary light 5, and is used to respectively detect the light intensity and the light cycle received on the cultivation areas of each layer, so that according to the light intensity of the cultivation areas of each layer and the light cycle, respectively control the opening and closing of the supplementary light 5 and the rotation speed of the cultivation column 1, effectively simplifying the operation process, and can automatically adjust the light intensity according to the growth stage of the plants in each layer of cultivation area to meet different growth stages plant cultivation needs, and finally form an automated plant factory that can meet the needs of household leafy vegetable production and can continuously produce leafy vegetables within a certain period of time.

In this embodiment, along the axis of the cultivation column 1, there are multi-layer cultivation areas arranged in order from bottom to top, and a plurality of planting holes 6 for cultivating plants are respectively arranged in each layer of cultivation areas, and each planting hole 6 can be Cultivate at least one plant, so as to realize the vertical vertical cultivation of multiple plants, effectively save the occupied area, and maximize the land utilization rate. Preferably, each planting hole 6 arranged in the same cultivation area is arranged along the horizontal direction, so that all the planting holes 6 in the cultivation area can be arranged along the circumference of the cultivation column 1, each in the adjacent two-layer cultivation area The planting holes 6 are staggeredly arranged, thereby ensuring that when the cultivation column 1 rotates, the plants in each planting hole 6 can receive light evenly, and each cultivation area can be separated according to the plant production stages in each layer of cultivation area. It is divided into planting area, growth area and harvesting area, and different light intensities are given according to the growth stages of plants in each cultivation area, so as to realize an energy-saving and efficient vertical plant cultivation system.

In order to realize three-dimensional cultivation, the cultivation column 1 is a cylinder, and its cross-sectional shape can be any one of circular, elliptical or polygonal. In this embodiment, the cylindrical cultivation column 1 is taken as an example, and it is preferable to plant every two adjacent columns. The spacing between the holes 6 is equal, and the spacing between every two adjacent layers of cultivation areas is equal, so that when the cylindrical cultivation column 1 is rotating, each of the planting holes 6 arranged in the circumferential direction can receive the same duration of light respectively. , to ensure that each plant receives uniform light intensity.

The outer protective structure 2 of this embodiment is a translucent glass cover with a rectangular cross-section surrounding the outside of the cultivation column 1. The cross-sectional shape of the outer protective structure 2 can also be set to a circle, an ellipse or a polygon in addition to a rectangle. It is preferable to leave a certain space between the outer protective structure 2 and the cultivation column 1 to ensure that the plants in the planting hole 6 have enough growth space when they grow outward.

A supplementary light 5 is installed on the top of the outer protective structure 2, and the quantity of the supplementary light 5 can be one or more. When one supplementary light 5 is provided, the supplementary light 5 can be rotated so as to adjust the illumination angle; when multiple supplementary lights 5 are provided, the plurality of supplementary lights 5 can be evenly arranged on the outer protective structure On each side of the top of 2, a plurality of supplementary lights 5 can also be arranged on any side of the top of the outer enclosure structure 2 at the same time. position, the plants on the cultivation column 1 can evenly receive the light.

In order to facilitate the ventilation of the root system during plant growth and the absorption of carbon dioxide, a ventilation mechanism is provided inside the cultivation column 1, specifically: a return air channel is provided at the axis of the cultivation column 1, and the two ends of the return air channel are respectively An air inlet and a return air outlet are provided, and a ventilation fan 7 is respectively arranged on the air inlet and the air return outlet to ensure gas circulation; the return air channel is connected with an air source for supplying oxygen and/or carbon dioxide. The ventilation mechanism can directly blow out the gas from the cultivation column 1, and is also conducive to maintaining the oxygen content in the roots of the plants. A ventilation fan 7 is reserved on the top of the cultivation column 1 to bring the generated oxygen into the room.

In order to realize the automatic circulation of the nutrient solution of the hydroponic plants, it is preferable that the axis of the cultivation column 1 is provided with a water supply circulation mechanism. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the replenishment circulation mechanism includes a liquid storage tank 8, a water pump 9, a liquid supply pipe 11 and a nozzle 10, and the liquid storage tank 8 is installed at the bottom of the cultivation column 1, and its interior is equipped with a device for supplying plants. For the nutrient solution of the root system, a liquid supply pipe 11 is vertically installed at the axis of the cultivation column 1, and a plurality of nozzles 10 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the liquid supply pipe 11, and a certain distance is spaced between each nozzle 10, thereby Utilize each nozzle 10 to spray the nutrient solution to the plant root system in each layer of cultivation area correspondingly respectively; In order to transport the nutrient solution, the bottom of the liquid supply pipe 11 is connected with a water pump 9, and the water pump is installed in the liquid storage tank 8, thereby storing the liquid The nutrient solution in the box 8 is continuously sprinkled into the cultivation areas of each layer through the liquid supply pipe 11 and each nozzle 10 , and the excess nutrient solution can freely fall back into the liquid storage tank 8 from the cultivation column 1 . In the circulating water supply mechanism of this embodiment, in addition to storing nutrient solution, the liquid storage tank 1 can also store general water, and this mechanism can realize the water supply circulation work of hydroponics.

In order to ensure reasonable temperature control of the cultivated plants, it is preferable to install a temperature control mechanism between the outer protective structure 2 and the cultivation column 1 . Specifically, the temperature control mechanism includes a heater and a refrigerator. The heater can use electric heating wires. When the external ambient temperature is lower than a certain value, the electric heating wires can be automatically activated, thereby automatically adjusting the temperature of the cultivation according to changes in time and light intensity. The column 1 is heated; the refrigerator is preferably a miniature semiconductor refrigerator, so as to cool down the growth area; a shading curtain can also be installed in the side wall of the outer protective structure 2, so as to block part of the sunlight and avoid sun exposure. The above-mentioned temperature control mechanism can cooperate with the ventilation mechanism, so as to reasonably control the temperature of the plant growth environment around the cultivation column 1 .

In order to save space, the device further includes an equipment layer 4, which is arranged on the bottom of the substrate 3, and an accommodating space for arranging the control mechanism is provided in the equipment layer 4. The control mechanism includes a light sensor, a supplementary light control unit, a rotary control unit and a control center. A plurality of light sensors are respectively arranged in the cultivation areas of each layer on the cultivation column 1, and are used to respectively detect the light intensity and light cycle received on the cultivation areas of each layer; the supplementary light control unit is connected with the supplementary light 5 for controlling the supplementary light. The opening and closing of the light lamp 5; the rotation control unit is connected with the cultivation column 1, and is used to control the rotation speed of the cultivation column 1; the control center is respectively connected with the supplementary light control unit, the rotation control unit, and each light sensor, and the control center preferably adopts The embedded ARM processor can realize automatic control based on the Internet of Things model, and a wireless module is installed in the control center, so as to realize wired and wireless control between the control center and each unit.

Specifically, the overall size of the plant factory in this embodiment is a cube of 1500 mm × 700 mm, wherein the thickness of the equipment layer 4 arranged at the lower part of the substrate 3 is 450 mm, and the cultivation column 1 in the outer enclosure structure 2 is a cylinder of 1050 mm × 400 mm body.

The control center of the control mechanism is embedded with a supplementary light module, a temperature control module, a carbon dioxide supplement module and a nutrient solution circulation control module.

The supplementary light 5 adopts a 900mm white LED lamp tube. When the supplementary light module is started, the light sensor of the control mechanism first detects the light intensity of the natural light received on the cultivation column 1, and the supplementary light control unit is automatically turned on or the timing is set. Turn on the supplementary light 5, and it can be set that when the temperature of the cultivation column 1 is higher than a certain value, the supplementary light 5 is not turned on; use each light sensor to determine the light intensity and light cycle of the planting area, the growth area and the harvesting area Threshold combination, and by controlling the supplementary light control unit, to ensure that the total daily light in the growth area increases with time, specifically, the control process of the supplementary light control unit is: the first step, respectively pre-set Check the total daily accumulated light (unit: μmol/m ² ) and set light intensity (unit: μmol/m ² s) of the device, and detect the natural light intensity in the environment, and subtract the light intensity in the environment from the set light intensity The intensity of natural light in the environment can be used to obtain the light intensity of supplementary light in the environment; the second step is to calculate the working time of the equipment in one day according to the total daily accumulated light and the light intensity of supplementary light, which is the working cycle of the equipment; Lettuce fill light mode, adjust the fill light brightness and fill light angle of the fill light 5.

There are also temperature sensors in each cultivation area, and the temperature control module in the control center can receive data from each light sensor and temperature sensor, so as to control the opening and closing of the temperature control mechanism and shading according to the temperature and light changes of the external environment The curtains can be opened and closed to meet the needs of plant growth in different stages.

The ventilation mechanism of the present embodiment preferably adopts an 8mm ventilation pipe and a 24V electromagnetic valve, and the air outlet is arranged at the bottom of the outer protective structure 2 outside the cultivation area where the plants are in the growth stage, and the carbon dioxide supply mode embedded in the control center is used to control the plants. Add carbon dioxide. Specifically: it can detect the light intensity of the current cultivation area or manually set the timing light supplement, that is, when the light intensity is higher than a certain value, the gas source connected to carbon dioxide will be turned on after a certain time delay, and when the light intensity is lower than a certain value, the gas source will be cut off. source to stop the replenishment of carbon dioxide; according to the differences in the control thresholds of carbon dioxide concentration in the planting area, growing area, and harvesting area, it is possible to supplement carbon dioxide for different cultivation areas, especially to ensure that the carbon dioxide concentration in the growing area increases with time. Increase.

Since in the plant factory of this embodiment, the roots of each plant on the cultivation column 1 are hydroponically cultivated, a water replenishment circulation mechanism for controlling the nutrient solution circulation supplement is set on the cultivation column 1, and the nutrient solution circulation control module embedded in the control center It is connected with the water replenishment circulation mechanism to ensure the automatic circulation supply of the nutrient solution in the cultivation column 1, and provides a water level alarm for the hydroponics of the plant roots in each planting hole 6.

The plant factory of this embodiment can realize automatic continuous production. Specifically, there are 16 plants in each of the planting area, growth area and harvesting area on the cultivation column 1, and the corresponding cultivation periods are 15 days, 12 days and 8 days. , of which 2 plants are harvested every day, and the harvest period is expected to be 8 days; the number of LED lamp tubes in the growth area is relatively dense, and a carbon dioxide outlet valve is installed in the growth area. During cultivation, the growth area faces the sun, and natural light is used to further Increase the ambient content of light and carbon dioxide to reduce the cost of artificial light.

To sum up, the horizontal substrate 3 of the household plant factory in this embodiment is vertically provided with a rotatable cultivation column 1, and multi-layer cultivation areas are vertically arranged on the cultivation column 1 to realize the vertical cultivation of multiple plants. Thereby reducing the equipment floor area; An outer protective structure 2 is installed outside the cultivation column 1, and the side wall of the outer protective structure 2 is provided with a side wall for light transmission, and a supplementary light 5 is provided on the side wall, thereby both ensuring vertical Each plant in the type cultivation can receive the light evenly through rotation, and can realize the reasonable complementarity of natural light and artificial light, so as to ensure the energy-saving and efficient plant cultivation in an environment with sufficient light; the household plant factory is also equipped with a control mechanism, the control mechanism They are respectively connected with the cultivation column 1 and the supplementary light 5, and are used to respectively detect the light intensity and the light cycle received on the cultivation areas of each layer, so as to control the start-up of the supplementary light 5 respectively according to the light intensity and light cycle of the cultivation areas of each layer. The closed and rotating speed of the cultivation column 1 effectively simplifies the operation process, and can automatically adjust the light intensity according to the growth stages of the plants in the cultivation areas of each layer, so as to meet the needs of plant cultivation in different growth stages, and finally form a plant that can meet the needs of family leaves. An automated plant factory that can continuously produce leafy vegetables for a certain period of time.

The embodiments of the invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the invention, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for particular purposes.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of household plant factor, which is characterized in that including：

Horizontal base plate；

Rotatable cultivation column, vertical to stand on the substrate, vertical array has multilayer cultivation area on the cultivation column；

Peripheral structure is trapped among outside the cultivation column, and the side of the peripheral structure is equipped with the side wall for light transmission, the side Wall is equipped with light compensating lamp；

Control mechanism connect with the cultivation column and light compensating lamp respectively, receives on each layer cultivation area for detecting respectively Intensity of illumination and periodicity of illumination, to according to the intensity of illumination and periodicity of illumination of each layer cultivation area, control the benefit respectively The rotary speed of the keying of light lamp and the cultivation column.

2. household plant factor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be placed with respectively in every layer of cultivation area more A field planting hole for cultivated plant, each field planting hole being arranged in the same cultivation area are arranged in the horizontal direction, so that All field planting holes in the cultivation area can be along the circumferential array of the cultivation column, each field planting in cultivation area described in adjacent two layers It is misplaced between hole.

3. household plant factor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that between field planting hole described in adjacent each two Spacing is equal.

4. household plant factor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that between the every two layers adjacent cultivation area Spacing is equal.

5. household plant factor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that logical equipped with return air at the axle center of the cultivation column The both ends in road, the return air channel are respectively equipped with scavenger fan, are communicated in the return air channel for supplying oxygen and/or two The air source of carbonoxide.

6. household plant factor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that followed equipped with moisturizing in the axle center of the cultivation column Ring mechanism.

7. household plant factor according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the moisturizing circulation mechanism include liquid reserve tank, Water pump, liquid supply pipe and nozzle, the liquid reserve tank are mounted on the bottom of cultivation column, vertically-mounted at the axle center of the cultivation column to have Liquid supply pipe has been sequentially arranged multiple nozzles along the length direction of the liquid supply pipe, spaced apart between each nozzle； The bottom of the liquid supply pipe is connected to by water pump in liquid reserve tank.

8. household plant factor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be equipped in the side wall of the peripheral structure Window shade is equipped with temperature control mechanism between the peripheral structure and cultivation column.

9. household plant factor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control mechanism includes：

Multiple illumination inductors are laid in each layer cultivation area on the cultivation column, for detecting each layer institute respectively respectively State the intensity of illumination received on cultivation area and periodicity of illumination；

Light filling control unit is connect with the light compensating lamp, the keying for controlling the light compensating lamp；

Rotation control unit is connect with the cultivation column, the rotary speed for controlling the cultivation column；

Control centre connect with light filling control unit, rotation control unit and each illumination inductor respectively.

10. according to claim 1-9 any one of them households plant factor, which is characterized in that further include mechanical floor, it is described to set The accommodating space being equipped in the bottom of the substrate, the mechanical floor for disposing control mechanism is arranged in standby layer.