CN207968069U - photovoltaic plant remote monitoring system based on ZigBee and WiFi - Google Patents
photovoltaic plant remote monitoring system based on ZigBee and WiFi Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种基于ZigBee和WiFi的光伏电站远程监控系统，包括传感模块、A/D转换器、CC2430芯片、ZigBee和WiFi无线传输模块、PC，其中传感器通过A/D转换的方式将模拟信号变成数字信号，将其用串口与CC2430芯片相连组成传感器数据采集模块，把采集的数据通过串口转WiFi模块进行传输，再用路由节点来接收WiFi信号，通过WiFi在路由节点之间相互传输实现远程传输，之后传输到网关，最后通过串口将数据传输到电脑上进行显示。PC机将接收到的数据处理后保存并及时显示，实现对光伏发电系统各类参数的实时监测。
The utility model relates to a remote monitoring system for a photovoltaic power station based on ZigBee and WiFi, which includes a sensing module, an A/D converter, a CC2430 chip, a ZigBee and WiFi wireless transmission module, and a PC. The analog signal becomes a digital signal, and it is connected with the CC2430 chip through the serial port to form a sensor data acquisition module, and the collected data is transmitted through the serial port to the WiFi module, and then the routing node is used to receive the WiFi signal, and the routing nodes are connected to each other through WiFi. The transmission realizes remote transmission, then transmits to the gateway, and finally transmits the data to the computer for display through the serial port. The PC will process the received data and save it and display it in time to realize real-time monitoring of various parameters of the photovoltaic power generation system.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种基于ZigBee和WiFi的光伏电站远程监控系统，属于光伏电站远程监控技术领域，具体涉及利用ZigBee和WiFi无线传输技术对光伏电站的相关参数进行实时监测。The utility model relates to a remote monitoring system for photovoltaic power plants based on ZigBee and WiFi, which belongs to the technical field of remote monitoring of photovoltaic power plants, and specifically relates to real-time monitoring of relevant parameters of photovoltaic power plants by using ZigBee and WiFi wireless transmission technology.
背景技术Background technique
太阳能光伏发电项目随中国政府持续出台的支持光伏产业发展的政策不断增多，目前，我国累计建设容量7.97 GW，其中大型光伏电站4.19 GW，分布式光伏系统3.78 GW。国家能源局发布的《太阳能发电发展“十二五”规划》称，到2015 年底，太阳能发电装机容量达到2100万kW（即21 GW）以上，年发电量达到250 亿kWh。随着大型光伏电站及分布式光伏系统的建设和投运，业主及电网公司对设备的实时监控提出了更高的要求。Solar photovoltaic power generation projects continue to increase with the continuous introduction of policies by the Chinese government to support the development of the photovoltaic industry. At present, my country's cumulative construction capacity is 7.97 GW, including 4.19 GW of large-scale photovoltaic power plants and 3.78 GW of distributed photovoltaic systems. The "12th Five-Year Plan for Solar Power Generation Development" issued by the National Energy Administration states that by the end of 2015, the installed capacity of solar power generation will reach more than 21 million kW (ie 21 GW), and the annual power generation will reach 25 billion kWh. With the construction and operation of large-scale photovoltaic power plants and distributed photovoltaic systems, owners and power grid companies have put forward higher requirements for real-time monitoring of equipment.
兆瓦级及以上光伏电站占地面积广、设备数量及种类庞大、建设集中。目前最为广泛采用的是有线监控方式。整体架构包括：本地数据采集、数据传输、数据存储与处理三部分，通过数据采集器与底层设备相连接，采集设备的实时数据,本地数据采集器与监控中心通讯网络间相距较远，一般为几千米至几十千米，采用工业以太网（TCP/IP），为有线连接的方式。因设备数量较多，需要大量的人力和物力，大大增加了光伏电站运营成本，且故障定位较为繁琐，间接增加了设备维护和管理成本。利用GPRS传输方式虽然大大降低了经济成本，但传输数据小，传输速率底下，光伏电站传输数据巨大，利用GPRS传输方式容易造成数据包的丢失。Photovoltaic power stations of megawatt level and above cover a large area, have a large number and types of equipment, and are concentrated in construction. The most widely used at present is the wired monitoring method. The overall architecture includes three parts: local data collection, data transmission, data storage and processing. The data collector is connected to the underlying equipment to collect real-time data from the equipment. The distance between the local data collector and the monitoring center communication network is generally Several kilometers to tens of kilometers, using industrial Ethernet (TCP/IP), which is a wired connection. Due to the large number of equipment, a large amount of manpower and material resources are required, which greatly increases the operating cost of photovoltaic power plants, and the fault location is relatively cumbersome, which indirectly increases equipment maintenance and management costs. Although the use of GPRS transmission method greatly reduces the economic cost, but the transmission data is small, the transmission rate is low, and the transmission data of the photovoltaic power station is huge, and the use of GPRS transmission method is easy to cause the loss of data packets.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型要解决的技术问题是提供一种基于ZigBee和WiFi的光伏电站远程监控系统，能有效解决光伏电站有线连接的方式因设备数量较多，需要大量的人力和物力，大大增加了光伏电站运营成本，且故障定位较为繁琐，间接增加了设备维护和管理成本的问题，和利用GPRS传输方式虽然大大降低了经济成本，但传输数据小，传输速率底下，光伏电站传输数据巨大，利用GPRS传输方式容易造成数据包的丢失的问题。The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a remote monitoring system for photovoltaic power plants based on ZigBee and WiFi, which can effectively solve the problem of wired connection of photovoltaic power plants. Operating costs, and fault location is relatively cumbersome, which indirectly increases the cost of equipment maintenance and management. Although the use of GPRS transmission method greatly reduces economic costs, the transmission data is small and the transmission rate is low. The transmission data of photovoltaic power plants is huge. Using GPRS transmission The way is easy to cause the problem of packet loss.
本实用新型采用的技术方案是：一种基于ZigBee和WiFi的光伏电站远程监控系统，包括传感模块、A/D转换器、CC2430芯片、ZigBee和WiFi无线传输模块、PC，传感模块包括温度传感器、风速传感器、电压传感器、电流传感器，风速传感器、电压传感器、电流传感器先与A/D转换器连接后再与CC2430芯片连接，温度传感器直接与CC2430芯片连接，CC2430芯片与ZigBee和WiFi无线传输模块连接，ZigBee和WiFi无线传输模块与PC连接，ZigBee和WiFi无线传输模块包括WiFi模块和ZigBee路由节点，CC2430芯片输出的数据通过串口经WiFi模块进行传输，利用ZigBee路由节点来接收WiFi模块的信号，PC对ZigBee路由节点接收的信号进行显示。The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is: a remote monitoring system for photovoltaic power plants based on ZigBee and WiFi, including a sensing module, an A/D converter, a CC2430 chip, ZigBee and WiFi wireless transmission modules, and a PC, and the sensing module includes temperature Sensors, wind speed sensors, voltage sensors, current sensors, wind speed sensors, voltage sensors, current sensors are first connected to the A/D converter and then connected to the CC2430 chip, the temperature sensor is directly connected to the CC2430 chip, and the CC2430 chip communicates with ZigBee and WiFi wirelessly Module connection, ZigBee and WiFi wireless transmission module is connected with PC, ZigBee and WiFi wireless transmission module includes WiFi module and ZigBee routing node, the data output by the CC2430 chip is transmitted through the serial port through the WiFi module, and the ZigBee routing node is used to receive the signal of the WiFi module , the PC displays the signal received by the ZigBee routing node.
所述的温度传感器采用DS18B20数字温度传感器，用于检测光伏电站周围环境的温度，温度测量范围为－55℃～＋125℃，温度分辨率可以达到0.0625℃。The temperature sensor adopts DS18B20 digital temperature sensor, which is used to detect the temperature of the surrounding environment of the photovoltaic power station. The temperature measurement range is -55°C to +125°C, and the temperature resolution can reach 0.0625°C.
所述的风速传感器测量风速的范围为0.05～120m/s。The range of wind speed measured by the wind speed sensor is 0.05-120m/s.
所述的电压传感器、电流传感器采用霍尔电压电流传感器，包括聚磁环、霍尔元件以及放大调理电路，其中，聚磁环是由磁性铁芯、一次侧线圈、二次侧线圈组成， 温度特性：≤150PPM/℃，精度等级：≤1.0%.F.S。The voltage sensor and the current sensor adopt the Hall voltage and current sensor, including a magnetic gathering ring, a Hall element and an amplification conditioning circuit, wherein the magnetic gathering ring is composed of a magnetic iron core, a primary side coil, and a secondary side coil. Features: ≤150PPM/℃, accuracy grade: ≤1.0%.F.S.
所述的A/D转换器由ADC0809转换器组成，ADC0809是8 位逐次逼近型A/D转换器，它由一个8路模拟开关、一个地址锁存译码器、一个A/D 转换器和一个三态输出锁存器组成。Described A/D converter is made up of ADC0809 converter, and ADC0809 is 8 successive approximation type A/D converters, and it is made up of an 8-way analog switch, an address latch decoder, an A/D converter and composed of a three-state output latch.
所述的ZigBee和WiFi无线传输模块中Zig Bee与Wi Fi的转换选用SP3232进行。The conversion between ZigBee and WiFi in the described ZigBee and WiFi wireless transmission module is carried out by using SP3232.
本实用新型的有益效果是：采用ZigBee和WiFi无线通信技术对光伏电站进行远程监控，大大降低了光伏电场的管理及监控成本。设计的系统能够实现数据的精准采集、信号的实时输入和数据的无线传输。操作界面友好简单，信息显示直观，可以实现对环境温度、风速、电压和电流等数据的采集、传输和监控。传输过程运用WiFi模块，使得监控距离远，节省成本，具有很强的实用性。The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the photovoltaic power station is remotely monitored by using ZigBee and WiFi wireless communication technology, which greatly reduces the management and monitoring costs of the photovoltaic electric field. The designed system can realize accurate data collection, real-time signal input and wireless transmission of data. The operation interface is friendly and simple, and the information display is intuitive, which can realize the collection, transmission and monitoring of data such as ambient temperature, wind speed, voltage and current. The WiFi module is used in the transmission process, which makes the monitoring distance far, saves costs, and has strong practicability.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的连接整体连接框图；Fig. 1 is the overall connection block diagram of connection of the present utility model;
图2为本实用新型中串口RS232与WiFi连接电路图；Fig. 2 is the connection circuit diagram of serial port RS232 and WiFi in the utility model;
图3为本实用新型中网关电路原理；Fig. 3 is the gateway circuit principle in the utility model;
图4为本实用新型中ZigBee网络远程传输原理图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of ZigBee network remote transmission in the utility model.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例，对本实用新型进行进一步地说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the utility model is further described.
实施例1：如图1-4所示，一种基于ZigBee和WiFi的光伏电站远程监控系统，包括传感模块、A/D转换器、CC2430芯片、ZigBee和WiFi无线传输模块、PC，传感模块包括温度传感器、风速传感器、电压传感器、电流传感器，风速传感器、电压传感器、电流传感器先与A/D转换器连接后再与CC2430芯片连接，温度传感器直接与CC2430芯片连接，CC2430芯片与ZigBee和WiFi无线传输模块连接，ZigBee和WiFi无线传输模块与PC连接，ZigBee和WiFi无线传输模块包括WiFi模块和ZigBee路由节点，CC2430芯片输出的数据通过串口经WiFi模块进行传输，利用ZigBee路由节点来接收WiFi模块的信号，PC对ZigBee路由节点接收的信号进行显示，最终实现了环境温度、风速、电压和电流的实时监控。Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1-4, a remote monitoring system for photovoltaic power plants based on ZigBee and WiFi, including sensing modules, A/D converters, CC2430 chips, ZigBee and WiFi wireless transmission modules, PCs, sensing The module includes temperature sensor, wind speed sensor, voltage sensor, and current sensor. The wind speed sensor, voltage sensor, and current sensor are first connected to the A/D converter and then connected to the CC2430 chip. The temperature sensor is directly connected to the CC2430 chip, and the CC2430 chip is connected to ZigBee and WiFi wireless transmission module connection, ZigBee and WiFi wireless transmission module is connected with PC, ZigBee and WiFi wireless transmission module includes WiFi module and ZigBee routing node, the data output by CC2430 chip is transmitted through the serial port through the WiFi module, and the ZigBee routing node is used to receive WiFi The signal of the module, the PC displays the signal received by the ZigBee routing node, and finally realizes the real-time monitoring of the ambient temperature, wind speed, voltage and current.
所述的温度传感器采用DS18B20数字温度传感器，用于检测光伏电站周围环境的温度，温度测量范围为－55℃～＋125℃，温度分辨率可以达到0.0625℃。The temperature sensor adopts DS18B20 digital temperature sensor, which is used to detect the temperature of the surrounding environment of the photovoltaic power station. The temperature measurement range is -55°C to +125°C, and the temperature resolution can reach 0.0625°C.
所述的风速传感器测量风速的范围为0.05～120m/s。The range of wind speed measured by the wind speed sensor is 0.05-120m/s.
所述的电压传感器、电流传感器采用霍尔电压电流传感器，包括聚磁环、霍尔元件以及放大调理电路，其中，聚磁环是由磁性铁芯、一次侧线圈、二次侧线圈组成， 温度特性：≤150PPM/℃，精度等级：≤1.0%.F.S。The voltage sensor and the current sensor adopt the Hall voltage and current sensor, including a magnetic gathering ring, a Hall element and an amplification conditioning circuit, wherein the magnetic gathering ring is composed of a magnetic iron core, a primary side coil, and a secondary side coil. Features: ≤150PPM/℃, accuracy grade: ≤1.0%.F.S.
所述的A/D转换器由ADC0809转换器组成，ADC0809是8 位逐次逼近型A/D转换器，它由一个8路模拟开关、一个地址锁存译码器、一个A/D 转换器和一个三态输出锁存器组成。Described A/D converter is made up of ADC0809 converter, and ADC0809 is 8 successive approximation type A/D converters, and it is made up of an 8-way analog switch, an address latch decoder, an A/D converter and composed of a three-state output latch.
所述的ZigBee和WiFi无线传输模块中Zig Bee与Wi Fi的转换选用SP3232进行。SP3232是ＲS232收发器对于手持式应用的一种解决方案，工作电压为 + 3.0 ～ + 5.5 V，满载时最小数据速率为120 k B /s，电源低至+ 2.7V，ESD保护驱动程序使驱动器和接收器引脚承受15kV放电模式和IEC1000 4-2空气间隙放电模式。以此来实现Zig Bee数据到Wifi数据的转换。The conversion between ZigBee and WiFi in the described ZigBee and WiFi wireless transmission module is carried out by using SP3232. SP3232 is a RS232 transceiver solution for handheld applications, the operating voltage is + 3.0 ~ + 5.5 V, the minimum data rate is 120 kB / s at full load, the power supply is as low as + 2.7 V, and the ESD protection driver makes the driver and receiver pins withstand 15kV discharge mode and IEC1000 4-2 air gap discharge mode. In this way, the conversion from Zig Bee data to Wifi data is realized.
如图1所示，本实用新型基于ZigBee和WiFi的光伏电站远程监控系统是由传感模块、A/D信号转换模块、无线传输模块及PC构成。As shown in Figure 1, the utility model based on ZigBee and WiFi photovoltaic power plant remote monitoring system is composed of sensing module, A/D signal conversion module, wireless transmission module and PC.
如图2所示，是本实用新型串口RS232与WiFi连接电路图。串行通信采用的是RS232，在通信协议的设备中使用非常普遍，同时，采集远程设备的数据可用于串口通信协议的方式进行传输。本发明WiFi模块采用的是具备UART串口通信的超低功耗Wi-Fi模（USR-WIFI232-B）。该Wi-Fi通信模块通过FCC/CE标准认证，采用表贴封装，支持串口透明传输模式和协议传输模式，可以实现串口即插即用。一般首次使用时需要对该模块进行配置，需要通过计算机的无线网卡连接 USR-WIFI232-B的AP端口，并且用WEB管理页面进行配置。设置中包含模式选择选项，选择USR-WIFI232-B模块工作模式为 AP 模式。打开上位机终端，选择客户机模式，输入自动分配给USRWIFI23-B的地址和服务器端口号，点击连接建立TCP连接，即可进行远程数据收发。As shown in Figure 2, it is a connection circuit diagram of the utility model serial port RS232 and WiFi. The serial communication adopts RS232, which is widely used in communication protocol equipment. At the same time, the data collected from remote equipment can be transmitted in the form of serial communication protocol. The WiFi module of the present invention adopts an ultra-low power consumption Wi-Fi module (USR-WIFI232-B) with UART serial port communication. The Wi-Fi communication module has passed FCC/CE standard certification, adopts surface mount package, supports serial port transparent transmission mode and protocol transmission mode, and can realize serial port plug and play. Generally, you need to configure the module when you use it for the first time. You need to connect the AP port of USR-WIFI232-B through the wireless network card of the computer, and use the WEB management page to configure. The setting includes the mode selection option, select the working mode of the USR-WIFI232-B module as AP mode. Open the host computer terminal, select the client mode, enter the address and server port number automatically assigned to USRWIFI23-B, click connect to establish a TCP connection, and then remote data can be sent and received.
如图3所示，是本实用新型的网关电路原理，由CC2430、SP3223E及FT232RL构成，SP3223E完成串口电平匹配，FT232RL完成串口转USB接口的功能，可以使得网关方便的连接到PC或笔记本。本系统使用的网关主要具备三项功能：（1）创建ZigBee网络，接收光伏电站中传感器模块各节点的数据；（2）将接收到的数据通过RS232接口上传到监控中心服务器中。（3）接收监控中心下发的指令，转发给各控制节点。As shown in Figure 3, it is the gateway circuit principle of this utility model, which is composed of CC2430, SP3223E and FT232RL. SP3223E completes the serial port level matching, and FT232RL completes the function of serial port to USB interface, which can make the gateway conveniently connected to PC or notebook. The gateway used in this system mainly has three functions: (1) Create a ZigBee network to receive data from each node of the sensor module in the photovoltaic power station; (2) Upload the received data to the monitoring center server through the RS232 interface. (3) Receive the command issued by the monitoring center and forward it to each control node.
图4为本发明中ZigBee网络远程传输原理。路由结点相互传输传感模块所测得的数据，最后将数据传输给网关，经由数据库服务中心处理，分析数据，在监控中心显示。Fig. 4 is ZigBee network remote transmission principle among the present invention. The routing nodes transmit the data measured by the sensor modules to each other, and finally transmit the data to the gateway, process and analyze the data through the database service center, and display it in the monitoring center.
本实用新型利用ZigBee和WiFi无线传输技术结合的方式对光伏电站的相关参数进行实时监测。将传感器测得的数据经由A/D转换器进行信号转换，将其用串口与CC2430芯片相连组成传感器数据采集模块，把采集的数据通过串口转WiFi模块进行传输，利用ZigBee路由节点来接收WiFi信号，将所得信号在PC上显示,最终实现了环境温度、风速、电压和电流的实时监控。The utility model uses the combination of ZigBee and WiFi wireless transmission technology to monitor the relevant parameters of the photovoltaic power station in real time. Convert the data measured by the sensor to the signal through the A/D converter, connect it with the CC2430 chip through the serial port to form a sensor data acquisition module, transfer the collected data through the serial port to WiFi module, and use the ZigBee routing node to receive the WiFi signal , display the resulting signal on the PC, and finally realize the real-time monitoring of ambient temperature, wind speed, voltage and current.
利用ZigBee和WiFi无线传输技术结合的方式对光伏电站的相关参数进行实时监测，其设备体积小、功耗低、连接方便、简单易用、安全性高（信号发射角度小）。可作为光伏设备与监控站之间的无线通讯方式，如厂区内的光伏实验站等。The combination of ZigBee and WiFi wireless transmission technology is used to monitor the relevant parameters of photovoltaic power plants in real time. The equipment is small in size, low in power consumption, convenient in connection, easy to use, and high in safety (small signal emission angle). It can be used as a wireless communication method between photovoltaic equipment and monitoring stations, such as photovoltaic experiment stations in the factory area.
以上结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施方式作了详细说明，但是本实用新型并不限于上述实施方式，在本领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本实用新型宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。The specific implementation of the utility model has been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation. Various changes are made.
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| CN113324677A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-31 | 佛山市顺德区凯祥电器有限公司 | Intelligent thermocouple control circuit |
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| CN110138844A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-08-16 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of micro- monitoring inverter system and method for distributed photovoltaic power generation |
| CN113324677A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-31 | 佛山市顺德区凯祥电器有限公司 | Intelligent thermocouple control circuit |
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