CN207868999U - A kind of vehicle electric converting means - Google Patents
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 205
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims 11
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 6
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种车用电力变换装置。包括液冷散热器、第一功率变换单元和第二功率变换单元;第一功率变换单元安装在液冷散热器的上表面,第二功率变换单元安装在液冷散热器的下表面。每套功率变换单元配置为将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流‑交流功率单元、将直流电进行升压或降压变换的直流‑直流功率单元和将交流电流转换为直流电流的交流‑直流功率单元中的任意一种。本实用新型的两个功率变换单元公用一个液冷散热器,且功率变换单元可根据需要灵活配置,可实现通用元器件共享,功率密度高,制造成本低。
The utility model discloses a vehicle electric power conversion device. It includes a liquid cooling radiator, a first power conversion unit and a second power conversion unit; the first power conversion unit is installed on the upper surface of the liquid cooling radiator, and the second power conversion unit is installed on the lower surface of the liquid cooling radiator. Each set of power conversion units is configured as a DC-AC power unit that converts DC current to AC current, a DC-DC power unit that converts DC power up or down, and an AC-DC power unit that converts AC current into DC current any of the. The two power conversion units of the utility model share a liquid-cooled radiator, and the power conversion units can be flexibly configured according to needs, and common components can be shared, the power density is high, and the manufacturing cost is low.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及新能源汽车驱动技术领域,具体涉及一种车用电力变换装置。The utility model relates to the technical field of driving of new energy vehicles, in particular to a vehicle power conversion device.
背景技术Background technique
新能源汽车(包括混合动力汽车和纯电动汽车)因不同的设计考虑对其功率变换装置的要求不一致。针对采用低电池电压,高电机电压的新能源汽车,在电机驱动器前级的直流部分需设置升压变换器,将较低的电池电压升压至足够驱动电机的高压直流电。针对采用双驱动电机或双绕组电机的新能源汽车通常需要两个电机控制器,以驱动不同电机或绕组。针对安装有大功率电机的新能源汽车,通常采用驱动器并联的方式以增加其输出功率。对于上述需要两个变换器/驱动器的应用,采用单独的变换装置或单面集成布置的方式不利于减小体积和提升功率密度。New energy vehicles (including hybrid vehicles and pure electric vehicles) have inconsistent requirements for their power conversion devices due to different design considerations. For new energy vehicles with low battery voltage and high motor voltage, a boost converter should be installed in the DC part of the front stage of the motor driver to boost the lower battery voltage to a high-voltage direct current sufficient to drive the motor. For new energy vehicles with dual-drive motors or dual-winding motors, two motor controllers are usually required to drive different motors or windings. For new energy vehicles equipped with high-power motors, drivers are usually connected in parallel to increase their output power. For the above-mentioned applications that require two converters/drivers, adopting a separate converter device or a single-sided integrated arrangement is not conducive to reducing the volume and improving the power density.
技术领域technical field
为了满足新能源汽车电机控制器和电压变换器高功率密度、低制造成本的要求,本实用新型提供了一种车用电力变换装置。In order to meet the requirements of high power density and low manufacturing cost for new energy vehicle motor controllers and voltage converters, the utility model provides a vehicle power conversion device.
本实用新型的技术方案是:The technical scheme of the utility model is:
所述电力变换装置包含两套功率变换单元,所述两套功率变换单元分别布置在液冷散热器两侧,共用一个液冷散热器;所述每套功率变换单元配置为将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流功率单元、将直流电进行升压或降压变换的直流-直流功率单元和将交流电流转换为直流电流的交流-直流功率单元中的任意一种。The power conversion device includes two sets of power conversion units, the two sets of power conversion units are respectively arranged on both sides of the liquid-cooled radiator, and share a liquid-cooled radiator; each set of power conversion units is configured to convert DC current into Any of a DC-AC power unit for alternating current, a DC-DC power unit for step-up or step-down conversion of direct current, and an AC-DC power unit for converting alternating current to direct current.
每套所述功率变换单元均包含电容元件、功率半导体元件和驱动电路板,功率半导体元件安装在液冷散热器侧面,驱动电路板连接功率半导体元件,功率半导体元件连接电容元件。Each set of the power conversion unit includes a capacitor element, a power semiconductor element and a drive circuit board, the power semiconductor element is installed on the side of the liquid cooling radiator, the drive circuit board is connected to the power semiconductor element, and the power semiconductor element is connected to the capacitor element.
所述的功率半导体元件采用Si材料或SiC材料的IGBT管和MOSFET管。The power semiconductor element adopts IGBT tube and MOSFET tube made of Si material or SiC material.
两套所述功率变换单元的组合配置为一台将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元和一台将直流电进行升压或降压变换的直流-直流变换单元的串联组合,或配置为两台将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元的并联组合或者端接组合。The combination of the two sets of power conversion units is configured as a series combination of a DC-AC conversion unit that converts DC current into AC current and a DC-DC conversion unit that converts DC power into step-up or step-down conversion, or configures It is a parallel combination or terminal combination of two DC-AC conversion units that convert DC current into AC current.
所述液冷散热器中设有用于冷却功率半导体元件的水道,水道中间设置可拆卸薄板,可拆卸薄板置于两个功率变换单元的两个功率半导体元件散热结构之间,将冷却液水道分成上、下两部分,上、下两部分相通,其中一个部分作为水流入口,另一个部分作为水流出口。The liquid cooling radiator is provided with a water channel for cooling power semiconductor elements, and a detachable thin plate is arranged in the middle of the water channel, and the detachable thin plate is placed between the two power semiconductor element heat dissipation structures of the two power conversion units, and the cooling liquid water channel is divided into The upper and lower parts are connected, one of which is used as a water inlet, and the other is used as a water outlet.
所述液冷散热器两侧分别安装有密封外壳,两个密封外壳的内部分别作为电力变换装置的两个腔室,使得所述两套功率变换单元分别布置于两个腔室中。Both sides of the liquid-cooled radiator are respectively equipped with sealed casings, and the insides of the two sealed casings are respectively used as two chambers of the power conversion device, so that the two sets of power conversion units are respectively arranged in the two chambers.
所述电力变换装置包括电气功率接口,电气功率接口连接两套功率变换单元,所述电气功率接口为至少一组直流端子和至少一组交流端子。The power conversion device includes an electrical power interface connected to two sets of power conversion units, and the electrical power interface is at least one set of DC terminals and at least one set of AC terminals.
当两套功率变换单元的组合配置为一套直流-直流变换单元和一套直流-交流变换单元的组合时,电气功率接口配置为一组直流端子和一组交流端子;当两套功率变换单元的组合配置为两套直流-交流变换单元的组合时,电气功率接口配置为一组直流端子和一组交流端子,或者一组直流端子和两组交流端子。When the combination of two sets of power conversion units is configured as a combination of a set of DC-DC conversion units and a set of DC-AC conversion units, the electrical power interface is configured as a set of DC terminals and a set of AC terminals; when two sets of power conversion units When the combination configuration is a combination of two sets of DC-AC conversion units, the electrical power interface is configured as a set of DC terminals and a set of AC terminals, or a set of DC terminals and two sets of AC terminals.
所述功率变换单元连接若干功率母排,功率母排用于连接或断开两套功率变换单元的直流端或交流端与电气功率接口的直流端子或交流端子之间。功率母排分为直流母排和交流母排,直流母排用于连接或断开功率变换单元的直流端与直流端子,交流母排用于连接或断开功率变换单元的交流端与交流端子。直流端子和交流端子用于外部连接电池和电机绕组。The power conversion unit is connected to several power busbars, and the power busbars are used to connect or disconnect the DC terminals or AC terminals of two sets of power conversion units and the DC terminals or AC terminals of the electrical power interface. The power busbar is divided into DC busbar and AC busbar. The DC busbar is used to connect or disconnect the DC terminal and DC terminal of the power conversion unit, and the AC busbar is used to connect or disconnect the AC terminal and AC terminal of the power conversion unit. . The DC and AC terminals are used for external connections to the battery and motor windings.
作为一种实施方式,当两套功率变换单元的组合配置为一套直流-交流变换单元和一套直流-直流变换单元的组合时,一对直流母排连接直流端子和直流-直流变换单元的输入端之间,另一对直流母排连接直流-直流变换单元的输出端和直流-交流变换单元的直流端之间,一组交流母排连接直流-交流变换单元的交流端和交流端子之间。As an implementation manner, when the combination of two sets of power conversion units is configured as a combination of a set of DC-AC conversion units and a set of DC-DC conversion units, a pair of DC busbars are connected to the DC terminal and the DC-DC conversion unit Between the input terminals, another pair of DC busbars are connected between the output terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit and the DC terminal of the DC-AC conversion unit, and a set of AC busbars are connected between the AC terminal and the AC terminal of the DC-AC conversion unit between.
作为另一种实施方式,当两套功率变换单元的组合配置为两套直流-交流变换单元的组合时,一对直流母排连接直流端子和两个直流-交流变换单元的直流端之间,一组或两组交流母排分别连接两组直流-交流变换单元的交流端和交流端子之间。As another implementation manner, when the combination of two sets of power conversion units is configured as a combination of two sets of DC-AC conversion units, a pair of DC busbars are connected between the DC terminals and the DC terminals of the two DC-AC conversion units, One or two sets of AC busbars are respectively connected between the AC terminals and the AC terminals of the two sets of DC-AC conversion units.
所述液冷散热器上设置有穿通结构,位于不同腔室的功率母排穿设过穿通结构后互相连接。The liquid cooling radiator is provided with a pass-through structure, and the power busbars located in different chambers pass through the pass-through structure and are connected to each other.
所述两套功率变换单元共用一个电容元件或者各自使用一个电容元件:The two sets of power conversion units share one capacitive element or each use one capacitive element:
共用一个电容元件的情况:两套功率变换单元公共的直流端共同连接到同一个电容元件;并且所述液冷散热器上布置有穿通结构,穿通结构用于安装和放置共用的电容元件;The case of sharing one capacitive element: the common DC terminals of the two sets of power conversion units are connected to the same capacitive element; and the liquid cooling radiator is provided with a pass-through structure, which is used to install and place the shared capacitive element;
各自使用一个电容元件的情况:两套功率变换单元的直流端分别连接到各自的一个电容元件,两个电容元件分别布置在液冷散热器,两个电容元件之间液冷散热器中设置水道,以辅助电容散热。The case of using one capacitive element each: the DC terminals of the two sets of power conversion units are respectively connected to one capacitive element, and the two capacitive elements are respectively arranged on the liquid cooling radiator, and a water channel is set in the liquid cooling radiator between the two capacitive elements , with the auxiliary capacitor for heat dissipation.
作为一种实施方式,所述电力变换装置包括两套以上的控制电路板,两套以上的控制电路板分别向两组功率变换单元发送控制信号和接收处理反馈信号。As an implementation manner, the power conversion device includes more than two sets of control circuit boards, and the two or more sets of control circuit boards respectively send control signals to two groups of power conversion units and receive processing feedback signals.
作为另一种实施方式,所述电力变换装置包括一套控制电路板,一套控制电路板与两套功率变换单元的驱动电路板连接,向两套功率变换单元发送控制信号和接收处理反馈信号,两个腔室均设有用于控制电路板安装的安装位置,控制电路板布置在任一腔室内,控制电路板根据需要布置于两个腔室的任意一个安装位置。As another implementation, the power conversion device includes a set of control circuit boards, which are connected to the drive circuit boards of the two sets of power conversion units, and send control signals and receive processing feedback signals to the two sets of power conversion units , the two chambers are provided with installation positions for the installation of the control circuit board, the control circuit board is arranged in any chamber, and the control circuit board is arranged in any installation position of the two chambers as required.
具体实施中,控制电路板连接其中一套功率变换单元的驱动电路板,该套功率变换单元的驱动电路板再经连接线连接另一套功率变换单元的驱动电路板。控制电路板发出的门极开关信号通过一组连接线发送至一个驱动电路板或,驱动电路板或再通过另一组连接线将门极开关信号发送至另一块驱动电路板或,两块驱动电路板门极信号保持同步。In a specific implementation, the control circuit board is connected to the drive circuit board of one set of power conversion units, and the drive circuit board of the set of power conversion units is connected to the drive circuit board of the other set of power conversion units via connecting wires. The gate switch signal sent by the control circuit board is sent to a drive circuit board or the drive circuit board or the gate switch signal is sent to another drive circuit board or two drive circuits through another set of connection lines Board gate signals are kept synchronous.
针对采用双电机或双绕组电机的新能源汽车,电力变换装置中的两个功率变换组合配置为两个将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元。For new energy vehicles with dual motors or dual winding motors, the two power conversion combinations in the power conversion device are configured as two DC-AC conversion units that convert DC current into AC current.
针对采用低电池电压、高电机电压的新能源汽车,电力变换装置的两个功率变换单元配置为一个将直流电进行升压或降压变换的直流-直流变换单元和一个将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元。其中直流-直流变换单元用于将较低的电池电压进行升压变换成电机驱动器所需的高压直流电,直流-交流变换单元用于将高压直流电变换成为驱动电机所需的交流电。同时电能可以反向流动,通过电机为电池进行充电。For new energy vehicles with low battery voltage and high motor voltage, the two power conversion units of the power conversion device are configured as a DC-DC conversion unit for step-up or step-down conversion of DC power and a DC-DC conversion unit for converting DC current into AC current DC-AC conversion unit. Among them, the DC-DC conversion unit is used to boost and transform the lower battery voltage into the high-voltage DC required by the motor driver, and the DC-AC conversion unit is used to convert the high-voltage DC into the AC required to drive the motor. At the same time, electric energy can flow in reverse, charging the battery through the motor.
与最接近的现有技术相比,本实用新型的有益效果是:Compared with the closest prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
本实用新型技术方案中,所述功率变换单元可根据需要灵活配置,针对低电池电压、高电机电压的新能源汽车,功率变换单元可配置为直流-直流变换器和直流-交流变换器组合的结果,节省了单独直流-直流变换器的空间,减少成本。In the technical solution of the utility model, the power conversion unit can be flexibly configured according to needs. For new energy vehicles with low battery voltage and high motor voltage, the power conversion unit can be configured as a combination of a DC-DC converter and a DC-AC converter. As a result, space for a separate DC-DC converter is saved, reducing costs.
本实用新型技术方案中,所述液冷散热器水道中布置有特殊的可拆卸薄板,以帮助形成冷却液回流通道,使水道加工简单,节省加工成本。In the technical solution of the utility model, a special detachable thin plate is arranged in the water channel of the liquid-cooled radiator to help form a cooling liquid return channel, so that the processing of the water channel is simple and the processing cost is saved.
本实用新型技术方案中,所述液冷散热器在放置电容的位置可选择布置穿通结构,以方便两套功率变换单元共用同一直流电容,减小元件数量和元件成本;In the technical solution of the utility model, the liquid-cooled radiator can optionally arrange a pass-through structure at the position where the capacitor is placed, so as to facilitate the sharing of the same DC capacitor by two sets of power conversion units, and reduce the number of components and the cost of components;
本实用新型技术方案中,所述功率变换单元若不共用直流电容,可在所述液冷散热器的电容安装位置布置水道,以增强电容散热,降低电容失效率。In the technical solution of the utility model, if the power conversion unit does not share the DC capacitor, a water channel can be arranged at the capacitor installation position of the liquid cooling radiator to enhance the heat dissipation of the capacitor and reduce the failure rate of the capacitor.
本实用新型技术方案中,仅采用一套控制电路板,且连接至驱动电路板的排线采用菊花链的方式依次连接至第一套驱动电路板和第二套驱动电路板,以节省元件数量和安装工序。In the technical solution of the utility model, only one set of control circuit boards is used, and the cables connected to the drive circuit board are sequentially connected to the first set of drive circuit boards and the second set of drive circuit boards in order to save the number of components and installation process.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为所述电力变换装置的布置示意图;FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the power conversion device;
图2为所述电力变换装置采用独立电容方案的布置示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the power conversion device using an independent capacitor solution;
图3为所述电力变换装置采用共用电容方案的布置示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the power conversion device using a shared capacitor solution;
图4为所述电力变换装置配置为直流-直流和直流-交流变换单元的组合的接线图;FIG. 4 is a wiring diagram of the power conversion device configured as a combination of DC-DC and DC-AC conversion units;
图5为所述电力变换装置配置为两个直流-交流变换单元的组合的第一种接线图;Fig. 5 is a first wiring diagram in which the power conversion device is configured as a combination of two DC-AC conversion units;
图6为所述电力变换装置配置为两个直流-交流变换单元的组合的第二种接线图;6 is a second wiring diagram in which the power conversion device is configured as a combination of two DC-AC conversion units;
图7为所述电力变换装置控制电路板至两块驱动电路板的线路配置示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the line configuration from the control circuit board to the two drive circuit boards of the power conversion device.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.
实施例1Example 1
如图1和图2所示,本实施例的电力变换装置主要由液冷散热器2、两套功率变换单元3,4、控制电路板7和密封外壳51,52组成,液冷散热器2两侧分别安装有密封外壳51,52,两个密封外壳51,52的内部分别作为电力变换装置的两个腔室61,62。两套功率变换单元3,4分别布置在液冷散热器2两侧,共用一个液冷散热器2,布置于由两个密封外壳51,52和液冷散热器组成的腔室61,62中。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the power conversion device of this embodiment is mainly composed of a liquid-cooled radiator 2, two sets of power conversion units 3, 4, a control circuit board 7, and sealed casings 51, 52. The liquid-cooled radiator 2 Sealed casings 51, 52 are respectively installed on both sides, and the insides of the two sealed casings 51, 52 are respectively used as two chambers 61, 62 of the power conversion device. Two sets of power conversion units 3 and 4 are respectively arranged on both sides of the liquid cooling radiator 2, share a liquid cooling radiator 2, and are arranged in chambers 61 and 62 composed of two sealed casings 51 and 52 and the liquid cooling radiator .
第一套功率变换单元3布置于由密封外壳51和液冷散热器2组成的腔室61中,第一套功率变换单元3包含功率半导体元件31、驱动电路板32和电容元件33,功率半导体元件31连接电容元件33,功率半导体元件31安装在液冷散热器2侧面,驱动电路板32连接功率半导体元件31。The first set of power conversion unit 3 is arranged in the chamber 61 composed of the sealed casing 51 and the liquid cooling radiator 2. The first set of power conversion unit 3 includes a power semiconductor element 31, a driving circuit board 32 and a capacitor element 33. The power semiconductor element The element 31 is connected to the capacitor element 33 , the power semiconductor element 31 is installed on the side of the liquid cooling radiator 2 , and the drive circuit board 32 is connected to the power semiconductor element 31 .
第二套功率变换单元4布置于由密封外壳52和液冷散热器2组成的腔室62中,第二套功率变换单元4同样包含功率半导体元件41、驱动电路板42和电容元件43,功率半导体元件41连接电容元件43,两个功率半导体元件41安装在液冷散热器2侧面,驱动电路板42连接功率半导体元件41。The second set of power conversion unit 4 is arranged in the chamber 62 formed by the sealed casing 52 and the liquid cooling radiator 2. The second set of power conversion unit 4 also includes a power semiconductor element 41, a drive circuit board 42 and a capacitor element 43. The power The semiconductor element 41 is connected to the capacitor element 43 , the two power semiconductor elements 41 are installed on the side of the liquid cooling radiator 2 , and the driving circuit board 42 is connected to the power semiconductor element 41 .
针对采用双电机或双绕组电机的新能源汽车,电力变换装置1中的功率变换组合配置为两个将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元。For new energy vehicles using dual motors or dual-winding motors, the power conversion combination in the power conversion device 1 is configured as two DC-AC conversion units that convert DC current into AC current.
形成的功率变换组合的接线方式如图2所示,第一套功率变换单元3为直流-直流变换单元,第二套功率变换单元4为直流-交流变换单元,使得两套功率变换单元的组合配置为一台将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元和一台将直流电进行升压或降压变换的直流-直流变换单元的串联组合。即如图4所示,直流端子81经一直流母排91连接到直流-直流变换单元(功率半导体元件31)的输入端,直流-直流变换单元输出端经另一直流母排92连接到直流-交流变换单元(功率半导体元件41)的输入端,直流-交流变换单元的输出端经交流母排93连接到交流端子82。直流端子81和交流端子82均采用高压大电流连接器。The wiring mode of the formed power conversion combination is shown in Figure 2. The first set of power conversion unit 3 is a DC-DC conversion unit, and the second set of power conversion unit 4 is a DC-AC conversion unit, so that the combination of the two sets of power conversion units It is configured as a series combination of a DC-AC conversion unit for converting DC current into AC current and a DC-DC conversion unit for step-up or step-down conversion of DC power. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the DC terminal 81 is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit (power semiconductor element 31) through a DC busbar 91, and the output terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit is connected to the DC terminal through another DC busbar 92. - the input end of the AC conversion unit (power semiconductor element 41 ), the output end of the DC-AC conversion unit is connected to the AC terminal 82 via the AC busbar 93 . Both the DC terminal 81 and the AC terminal 82 use high voltage and high current connectors.
两套功率变换单元3,4各自使用一个电容元件,两套功率变换单元3,4的功率半导体元件的直流端分别连接到各自的一个电容元件33,34,电容元件33,34均连接到直流-直流变换单元和直流-交流变换单元之间的直流母排92上。The two sets of power conversion units 3 and 4 each use a capacitive element, and the DC terminals of the power semiconductor elements of the two sets of power conversion units 3 and 4 are respectively connected to a respective capacitive element 33 and 34, and the capacitive elements 33 and 34 are both connected to the DC - on the DC busbar 92 between the DC conversion unit and the DC-AC conversion unit.
如图2所示,两套功率变换单元3,4的母线电容元件33,43布置于功率半导体元件的直流输入侧附近,以减小功率回路杂散电感。同时,母线电容元件33,34紧贴液冷散热器侧表面,以增强散热效果。此外,液冷散热器2在电容元件33,34安装位置处布置有水道,进一步减小散热热阻,降低电容工作温度,增加其寿命。As shown in FIG. 2 , the bus capacitive components 33 and 43 of the two sets of power conversion units 3 and 4 are arranged near the DC input side of the power semiconductor components to reduce the stray inductance of the power loop. At the same time, the bus capacitor elements 33 and 34 are closely attached to the side surface of the liquid cooling radiator to enhance the heat dissipation effect. In addition, the liquid cooling radiator 2 is provided with water channels at the installation positions of the capacitor elements 33, 34, which further reduces heat dissipation thermal resistance, lowers the operating temperature of the capacitors, and increases their lifespan.
两套功率变换单元3,4的功率半导体元件31,41分别安装在液冷散热器的上下表面,液冷散热器2在其对应位置设置有对应的冷却水道,用于冷却功率半导体元件。为简化水道加工工艺和节省加工成本,液冷散热器水道设计为直接贯穿结构。水道中间设置可拆卸薄板21,将贯穿水道一分为二,使冷却水依次流过液冷散热器的上下表面,增加同流量冷却水的换热量,以增加冷却效率。本实用新型通过采用可拆卸薄板21实现以上功能,可拆卸薄板安装于冷却水道中间,将直接贯穿的水道分为两部分22,23,冷却液流过22后从相反方向流经23,分别对位于腔室61和腔室62的功率变换单元进行冷却。The power semiconductor components 31 and 41 of the two sets of power conversion units 3 and 4 are respectively mounted on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid cooling radiator, and the liquid cooling radiator 2 is provided with corresponding cooling channels at corresponding positions for cooling the power semiconductor components. In order to simplify the water channel processing technology and save the processing cost, the water channel of the liquid cooling radiator is designed to directly penetrate the structure. A detachable thin plate 21 is arranged in the middle of the water channel, which divides the through water channel into two, so that the cooling water flows through the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid cooling radiator in turn, increasing the heat exchange of the cooling water at the same flow rate, so as to increase the cooling efficiency. The utility model realizes the above functions by adopting a detachable thin plate 21. The detachable thin plate is installed in the middle of the cooling water channel, and the directly penetrating water channel is divided into two parts 22, 23. After the cooling liquid flows through 22, it flows through 23 from the opposite direction, respectively. The power conversion units located in chamber 61 and chamber 62 are cooled.
实施例2Example 2
针对采用大功率电机的新能源汽车,电力变换装置1中的功率变换组合配置为两个将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元。For new energy vehicles using high-power motors, the power conversion combination in the power conversion device 1 is configured as two DC-AC conversion units that convert DC current into AC current.
本实施例和实施例1的区别在于:功率变换组合的接线方式如图5所示,第一套功率变换单元3为直流-交流变换单元,第二套功率变换单元4为者直流-交流变换单元,使得两套功率变换单元的组合配置为两台将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元的端接组合。即如图5所示,直流端子81经一直流母排92连接到两个直流-交流变换单元(功率半导体元件31和功率半导体元件41)的输入端,两个直流-交流变换单元输出端经各自交流母排93连接到各自的交流端子82。电容元件33,34均连接到直流母排92上。The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the wiring mode of the power conversion combination is shown in Figure 5, the first set of power conversion unit 3 is a DC-AC conversion unit, and the second set of power conversion unit 4 is a DC-AC conversion unit, so that the combination of the two sets of power conversion units is configured as a terminal combination of two DC-AC conversion units that convert DC current into AC current. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the DC terminal 81 is connected to the input ends of two DC-AC conversion units (power semiconductor elements 31 and power semiconductor elements 41) through a DC busbar 92, and the output ends of the two DC-AC conversion units are connected via The respective AC busbars 93 are connected to the respective AC terminals 82 . Capacitive elements 33 , 34 are both connected to DC busbar 92 .
实施例3Example 3
针对采用大功率电机的新能源汽车,电力变换装置1中的功率变换组合配置为两个将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元。For new energy vehicles using high-power motors, the power conversion combination in the power conversion device 1 is configured as two DC-AC conversion units that convert DC current into AC current.
本实施例和实施例1的区别在于:功率变换组合的接线方式如图6所示,第一套功率变换单元3为直流-交流变换单元,第二套功率变换单元4为者直流-交流变换单元,使得两套功率变换单元的组合配置为两台将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元的并联组合。即如图6所示,直流端子81经一直流母排92连接到两个直流-交流变换单元(功率半导体元件31和功率半导体元件41)的输入端,两个直流-交流变换单元输出端经同一个交流母排93连接到同一个交流端子82。电容元件33,34均连接到直流母排92上。The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the wiring mode of the power conversion combination is shown in Figure 6, the first set of power conversion unit 3 is a DC-AC conversion unit, and the second set of power conversion unit 4 is a DC-AC conversion unit, so that the combination of the two sets of power conversion units is configured as a parallel combination of two DC-AC conversion units that convert DC current into AC current. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the DC terminal 81 is connected to the input ends of two DC-AC conversion units (power semiconductor elements 31 and power semiconductor elements 41) through a DC busbar 92, and the output ends of the two DC-AC conversion units are connected via The same AC busbar 93 is connected to the same AC terminal 82 . Capacitive elements 33 , 34 are both connected to DC busbar 92 .
实施例4Example 4
如图1和图3所示,本实施例的电力变换装置主要由液冷散热器2、两套功率变换单元3,4、控制电路板7和密封外壳51,52组成,液冷散热器2两侧分别安装有密封外壳51,52,两个密封外壳51,52的内部分别作为电力变换装置的两个腔室61,62。两套功率变换单元3,4分别布置在液冷散热器2两侧,共用一个液冷散热器2,布置于由两个密封外壳51,52和液冷散热器组成的腔室61,62中。As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the power conversion device of this embodiment is mainly composed of a liquid-cooled radiator 2, two sets of power conversion units 3, 4, a control circuit board 7, and sealed casings 51, 52. The liquid-cooled radiator 2 Sealed casings 51, 52 are respectively installed on both sides, and the insides of the two sealed casings 51, 52 are respectively used as two chambers 61, 62 of the power conversion device. Two sets of power conversion units 3 and 4 are respectively arranged on both sides of the liquid cooling radiator 2, share a liquid cooling radiator 2, and are arranged in chambers 61 and 62 composed of two sealed casings 51 and 52 and the liquid cooling radiator .
第一套功率变换单元3布置于由密封外壳51和液冷散热器2组成的腔室61中,第一套功率变换单元3包含功率半导体元件31、驱动电路板32和电容元件33,功率半导体元件31连接电容元件33,功率半导体元件31安装在液冷散热器2侧面,驱动电路板32连接功率半导体元件31。The first set of power conversion unit 3 is arranged in the chamber 61 composed of the sealed casing 51 and the liquid cooling radiator 2. The first set of power conversion unit 3 includes a power semiconductor element 31, a driving circuit board 32 and a capacitor element 33. The power semiconductor element The element 31 is connected to the capacitor element 33 , the power semiconductor element 31 is installed on the side of the liquid cooling radiator 2 , and the drive circuit board 32 is connected to the power semiconductor element 31 .
第二套功率变换单元4布置于由密封外壳52和液冷散热器2组成的腔室62中,第二套功率变换单元4同样包含功率半导体元件41、驱动电路板42和电容元件43,功率半导体元件41连接电容元件43,两个功率半导体元件41安装在液冷散热器2侧面,驱动电路板42连接功率半导体元件41。The second set of power conversion unit 4 is arranged in the chamber 62 formed by the sealed casing 52 and the liquid cooling radiator 2. The second set of power conversion unit 4 also includes a power semiconductor element 41, a drive circuit board 42 and a capacitor element 43. The power The semiconductor element 41 is connected to the capacitor element 43 , the two power semiconductor elements 41 are installed on the side of the liquid cooling radiator 2 , and the driving circuit board 42 is connected to the power semiconductor element 41 .
第一套功率变换单元3为直流-直流变换单元,第二套功率变换单元4为者直流-交流变换单元,使得两套功率变换单元的组合配置为一台将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元和一台将直流电进行升压或降压变换的直流-直流变换单元的串联组合。即如图4所示,直流端子81经一直流母排91连接到直流-直流变换单元(功率半导体元件31)的输入端,直流-直流变换单元输出端经另一直流母排92连接到直流-交流变换单元(功率半导体元件41)的输入端,直流-交流变换单元的输出端经交流母排93连接到交流端子82。直流端子81和交流端子82均采用高压大电流连接器。The first set of power conversion unit 3 is a DC-DC conversion unit, and the second set of power conversion unit 4 is a DC-AC conversion unit, so that the combination of the two sets of power conversion units is configured as a direct current that converts direct current into alternating current - A series combination of an AC conversion unit and a DC-DC conversion unit for step-up or step-down conversion of DC power. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the DC terminal 81 is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit (power semiconductor element 31) through a DC busbar 91, and the output terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit is connected to the DC terminal through another DC busbar 92. - the input end of the AC conversion unit (power semiconductor element 41 ), the output end of the DC-AC conversion unit is connected to the AC terminal 82 via the AC busbar 93 . Both the DC terminal 81 and the AC terminal 82 use high voltage and high current connectors.
两套功率变换单元3,4共用一个电容元件,对于共直流母线92的功率变换单元配置,采用共用母线电容的方式进一步减少元件数量和成本。布置方式如图3所示,液冷散热器在母线电容位置布置贯穿结构34,以放置公用电容34。电容元件34连接到直流-直流变换单元和直流-交流变换单元之间的直流母排92上。The two sets of power conversion units 3 and 4 share one capacitive element. For the power conversion unit configuration with a common DC bus 92 , the number of components and the cost are further reduced by sharing the bus capacitor. The arrangement is as shown in FIG. 3 , the liquid cooling radiator is arranged with a through structure 34 at the position of the bus capacitor to place the common capacitor 34 . The capacitive element 34 is connected to the DC bus bar 92 between the DC-DC conversion unit and the DC-AC conversion unit.
如图2所示,两套功率变换单元3,4的母线电容元件33,43布置于功率半导体元件的直流输入侧附近,以减小功率回路杂散电感。同时,母线电容元件33,34紧贴液冷散热器侧表面,以增强散热效果。此外,液冷散热器2在电容元件33,34安装位置处布置有水道,进一步减小散热热阻,降低电容工作温度,增加其寿命。As shown in FIG. 2 , the bus capacitive components 33 and 43 of the two sets of power conversion units 3 and 4 are arranged near the DC input side of the power semiconductor components to reduce the stray inductance of the power loop. At the same time, the bus capacitor elements 33 and 34 are closely attached to the side surface of the liquid cooling radiator to enhance the heat dissipation effect. In addition, the liquid cooling radiator 2 is provided with water channels at the installation positions of the capacitor elements 33, 34, which further reduces heat dissipation thermal resistance, lowers the operating temperature of the capacitors, and increases their lifespan.
两套功率变换单元3,4的功率半导体元件31,41分别安装在液冷散热器的上下表面,液冷散热器2在其对应位置设置有对应的冷却水道,用于冷却功率半导体元件。为简化水道加工工艺和节省加工成本,液冷散热器水道设计为直接贯穿结构。水道中间设置可拆卸薄板21,将贯穿水道一分为二,使冷却水依次流过液冷散热器的上下表面,增加同流量冷却水的换热量,以增加冷却效率。本实用新型通过采用可拆卸薄板21实现以上功能,可拆卸薄板安装于冷却水道中间,将直接贯穿的水道分为两部分22,23,冷却液流过22后从相反方向流经23,分别对位于腔室61和腔室62的功率变换单元进行冷却。The power semiconductor components 31 and 41 of the two sets of power conversion units 3 and 4 are respectively mounted on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid cooling radiator, and the liquid cooling radiator 2 is provided with corresponding cooling channels at corresponding positions for cooling the power semiconductor components. In order to simplify the water channel processing technology and save the processing cost, the water channel of the liquid cooling radiator is designed to directly penetrate the structure. A detachable thin plate 21 is arranged in the middle of the water channel, which divides the through water channel into two, so that the cooling water flows through the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid cooling radiator in turn, increasing the heat exchange of the cooling water at the same flow rate, so as to increase the cooling efficiency. The utility model realizes the above functions by adopting a detachable thin plate 21. The detachable thin plate is installed in the middle of the cooling water channel, and the directly penetrating water channel is divided into two parts 22, 23. After the cooling liquid flows through 22, it flows through 23 from the opposite direction, respectively. The power conversion units located in chamber 61 and chamber 62 are cooled.
实施例5Example 5
针对采用大功率电机的新能源汽车,电力变换装置1中的功率变换组合配置为两个将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元。For new energy vehicles using high-power motors, the power conversion combination in the power conversion device 1 is configured as two DC-AC conversion units that convert DC current into AC current.
本实施例和实施例4的区别在于:功率变换组合的接线方式如图5所示,第一套功率变换单元3为直流-交流变换单元,第二套功率变换单元4为者直流-交流变换单元,使得两套功率变换单元的组合配置为两台将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元的端接组合。即如图5所示,直流端子81经一直流母排92连接到两个直流-交流变换单元(功率半导体元件31和功率半导体元件41)的输入端,两个直流-交流变换单元输出端经各自交流母排93连接到各自的交流端子82。共同的电容元件33均连接到直流母排92上。The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 4 is: the wiring mode of the power conversion combination is shown in Figure 5, the first set of power conversion unit 3 is a DC-AC conversion unit, and the second set of power conversion unit 4 is a DC-AC conversion unit, so that the combination of the two sets of power conversion units is configured as a terminal combination of two DC-AC conversion units that convert DC current into AC current. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the DC terminal 81 is connected to the input ends of two DC-AC conversion units (power semiconductor elements 31 and power semiconductor elements 41) through a DC busbar 92, and the output ends of the two DC-AC conversion units are connected via The respective AC busbars 93 are connected to the respective AC terminals 82 . The common capacitive elements 33 are all connected to the DC busbar 92 .
实施例6Example 6
针对采用大功率电机的新能源汽车,电力变换装置1中的功率变换组合配置为两个将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元。For new energy vehicles using high-power motors, the power conversion combination in the power conversion device 1 is configured as two DC-AC conversion units that convert DC current into AC current.
本实施例和实施例4的区别在于:功率变换组合的接线方式如图6所示,第一套功率变换单元3为直流-交流变换单元,第二套功率变换单元4为者直流-交流变换单元,使得两套功率变换单元的组合配置为两台将直流电流转换为交流电流的直流-交流变换单元的并联组合。即如图6所示,直流端子81经一直流母排92连接到两个直流-交流变换单元(功率半导体元件31和功率半导体元件41)的输入端,两个直流-交流变换单元输出端经同一个交流母排93连接到同一个交流端子82。共同的电容元件33均连接到直流母排92上。The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 4 is: the wiring mode of the power conversion combination is shown in Figure 6, the first set of power conversion unit 3 is a DC-AC conversion unit, and the second set of power conversion unit 4 is a DC-AC conversion unit, so that the combination of the two sets of power conversion units is configured as a parallel combination of two DC-AC conversion units that convert DC current into AC current. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the DC terminal 81 is connected to the input ends of two DC-AC conversion units (power semiconductor elements 31 and power semiconductor elements 41) through a DC busbar 92, and the output ends of the two DC-AC conversion units are connected via The same AC busbar 93 is connected to the same AC terminal 82 . The common capacitive elements 33 are all connected to the DC busbar 92 .
对于上述任何一个实施例,电力变换装置1均仅配置一块控制电路板7,用于对两套功率变换单元3,4的控制,控制电路板放置于任意一个腔室61或62内。为简化装配,控制信号采用菊花链方式连接至两块驱动电路板32,42,连接方式如图7所示。控制电路板7发出的门极开关信号通过一组连接线73发送至一个驱动电路板32或42,该驱动电路板32或42再通过另一组连接线74将门极开关信号发送至另一块驱动电路板42或32。For any of the above embodiments, the power conversion device 1 is equipped with only one control circuit board 7 for controlling the two sets of power conversion units 3 , 4 , and the control circuit board is placed in any one of the chambers 61 or 62 . In order to simplify the assembly, the control signal is connected to the two drive circuit boards 32, 42 in a daisy chain manner, as shown in FIG. 7 . The gate switch signal sent by the control circuit board 7 is sent to a drive circuit board 32 or 42 through a set of connection lines 73, and the drive circuit board 32 or 42 sends the gate switch signal to another drive circuit board 32 or 42 through another set of connection lines 74. Circuit board 42 or 32.
通过上述实施例可见,本实用新型的两个功率变换单元公用一个液冷散热器,且功率变换单元可根据需要灵活配置,可实现通用元器件共享,功率密度高,制造成本低,具有其突出显著的技术效果。It can be seen from the above embodiments that the two power conversion units of the present invention share a liquid cooling radiator, and the power conversion units can be flexibly configured according to needs, and common components can be shared, with high power density and low manufacturing cost. Notable technical effect.
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CN107733248A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-02-23 | 臻驱科技(上海)有限公司 | Vehicle electric converting means |
CN114513136A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-17 | 深圳市禾望电气股份有限公司 | Three-phase power module |
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CN107733248A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-02-23 | 臻驱科技(上海)有限公司 | Vehicle electric converting means |
CN114513136A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-17 | 深圳市禾望电气股份有限公司 | Three-phase power module |
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