CN207815295U - A kind of device for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking - Google Patents
A kind of device for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking Download PDFInfo
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- CN207815295U CN207815295U CN201721806674.6U CN201721806674U CN207815295U CN 207815295 U CN207815295 U CN 207815295U CN 201721806674 U CN201721806674 U CN 201721806674U CN 207815295 U CN207815295 U CN 207815295U
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- oxide skin
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Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of devices for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking.The elbow bottom oxide skin of high temperature superheater and reheater piping is built up more at present, is not easily cleaned.In the utility model：Oxide skin anti-block apparatus is located at the inducer of superheater or reheater piping；Oxide skin anti-block apparatus includes middle part tubule, rectangle tie and fixed end；Middle part tubule is hollow structure, rectangle tie is extended to the other end of middle part tubule by one end of middle part tubule in the shape of a spiral, fixed end is connected at the rectangle tie of middle part tubule one end, and oxide skin anti-block apparatus is stuck in the junction of import header and inducer by fixed end.The utility model cost is relatively low, it is simple in structure, it is easy for installation, expensive cost not only can be brought to avoid high temperature superheater and reheater upgrading material, and the case where being adapted to load rapid fluctuations caused by peak load regulation network, the burden of operations staff is reduced, and effectively reduces and non-stops number caused by oxide skin blocks booster.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of devices for preventing oxide skin from blocking, and in particular to one kind preventing superheater and reheater
The device that oxide skin blocks.
Background technology
The stripping of boiler high temperature boiler tube inner wall oxide skin falls behind in elbow bottom deposit in supercritical unit and extra-supercritical unit
Caused by overtemperature so that overheat booster problem be to perplex one of the main problem of its safe and economical operation in recent years.High temperature
The oxide scale layer of superheater and reheater tube inner wall falls off, and accumulates in the curved bottom of U types, reduces the passage section of pipeline, increases
The circulating resistance of steam is added, steam flow is opposite in pipe reduces, and seriously reduces the cooling effect to pipe, causes height
Warm superheater and reheater tube short term superheating booster.The whole nation repeatedly occurs to make since oxide scale layer falls off in the super critical boiler of fortune
It is blocked and short term superheating booster at boiler heating surface.
It is a natural process that high-temperature steam inside pipe wall, which generates oxidation film, and oxidation film is formed quickly when beginning, once film shape
Just slow down at rear oxidation rate.When overtemperature or temperature, pressure big ups and downs, not due to pipe base material and oxidation film
Same thermal expansion ability, the oxidation film of metal surface will produce crackle, and the presence of crackle makes parent metal be directly exposed to oxygen
Among changing environment, the process of oxidation is accelerated, oxide layer is also begun to double-deck, multilayer development.With prolonging for unit operation time
Long, the thickness of oxidation film increases, and during the frequent starting of boiler, blowing out or lifting load, tube temperature amplitude of variation is very
Greatly, different with the thermal expansion ability of oxidation film due to base material, matrix can generate the effect drawn or pressed to the oxidation film on surface, these
Effect can all cause oxidation film to crack.The oxide skin of stripping is stagnated in the curved bottom of U types.Steam stream when due to unit starting
Amount is smaller, can not be taken away, the oxide skin to fall off is constantly gathered, when quantity is more, even if having after unit starting larger
Steam flow, it is also difficult to it is generated disturb and take away, blocked pipe wall temperature can increase extremely, can be caused when serious short
Phase overtemperature tube burst.
In the initial start stage of boiler, since heating surface temperature variable Rate is big, the oxide skin amount of falling off is big, while the flow velocity of steam
Low, oxide skin will be deposited in the elbow of heating surface.The ferritic steels steam side oxide skin such as T91 and T23 is with laminated structure
Main, the austenitic steels steam side oxide skin such as TP347 and TP347H is based on tiny loose graininess, superheater tube internal oxidition skin
Mainly fragmental structure, and reheater tube internal oxidition skin is mainly long and narrow flake structure.Ferrite material and reheater
The situations such as operating pressure is low lead to oxide skin size bigger, more exacerbate deposition and the plugging of the curved bottom oxide skin of U types.
High temperature superheater and the curved bottom oxide skin of reheater U types are built up more at present, and individual pipe internal oxidition leather blocks
It is nucleated shape, the processing of the method for pressure-air or steam-line blowing can not be used, and chemically handles the damage that can cause boiler tubes
Bad, such as application No. is the Chinese patents of CN201710301175.X.Therefore, the method that pipe cutting mechanical chipping can only be used.Cut off U
After type is curved, vertical tube is tapped with copper rod, the oxide skin loosened is made to pour out.After the curved internal cleaning of U types, whole ball method is used
100% logical ball inspection, butt welding again after complete liquidation.This method heavy workload, maintenance are time-consuming more, exist and weld again
The problems such as quality.
It has been subjected in overtemperature caused by elbow bottom deposit or even overheat booster after how solving the problems, such as scale spallation
The attention and thinking of many people are arrived.
In order to solve this problem, there are mainly two types of modes for technology traditional at present：First, upgrading high temperature superheater and again
The material of hot device selects the material of high temperature oxidation resisting, but upgrades material and bring expensive cost；Second is that optimization unit is normally transported
Row adjustment, it is stringent to control lifting load rate, it avoids desuperheating water from putting into too early, reduces the generating rate of oxide skin and fall off
Speed, but the life of oxide skin can be aggravated caused by the frequent start-stop of unit and responsive electricity grid peak regulation situations such as load rapid fluctuations
At rate and the speed to fall off, and the challenge of bigger is brought to the accurate operation of operations staff.
Utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to overcome above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, and provide a kind of reasonable design
The device for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking, for preventing oxide skin from blocking superheater and reheater.
The technical scheme in the invention for solving the above technical problem is：This prevents superheater and reheater oxide skin stifled
The device of plug, including import header, superheater or reheater piping, outlet header and oxide skin anti-block apparatus；The inlet header
Case and outlet header are connected to the both ends of superheater or reheater piping, and the superheater or reheater piping include import
Section, elbow part and outlet section, the oxide skin anti-block apparatus are located at the inducer of the superheater or reheater piping；It is special
Sign is that the oxide skin anti-block apparatus includes middle part tubule, rectangle tie and fixed end；The middle part tubule is hollow knot
Structure, the rectangle tie are extended to the other end of middle part tubule by one end of middle part tubule in the shape of a spiral, and the fixed end connects
It is connected at the rectangle tie of middle part tubule one end, the oxide skin anti-block apparatus is stuck in import header and import by fixed end
The junction of section, the rectangle tie are located in inducer.Prevent the structure of superheater and the device of reheater oxide skin blocking
Simply, reasonable design, cost is relatively low, can effectively avoid the oxide skin of superheater or the peeling of reheater piping inner wall in elbow bottom
Deposition.
Preferably, the circle that radially with tie outer is formed of the spiral helicine rectangle tie in middle part tubule,
The tie point of the fixed end and rectangle tie is located on the circle of tie outer formation.Fixed end is used for oxide skin
Anti-block apparatus is fixed on the inducer of superheater or reheater piping, and oxide skin anti-block apparatus is freely sagging in inducer.
Preferably, the oxide skin anti-block apparatus is an integral structure, the material of the oxide skin anti-block apparatus is resistance to
The ceramic foam of abrasion.Oxide skin anti-block apparatus is integrally formed, and is hardly damaged；Anti abrasive ceramic foam is a kind of novel porous
Material, steam when oxide skin anti-block apparatus by that can reduce resistance.
Preferably, the rectangle tie is provided with 3, the rectangle tie includes No.1 tie, No. two ties and three
Number tie, the No.1 tie, No. two ties and No. three ties are along the cross section of middle part tubule in 120 ° of distributions.3 rectangle knobs
Band can be effectively formed convection current in 120 ° of Spiral distributions, good to large-sized oxide skin crushing effect.
Preferably, the fixed end includes 3 fixed blocks, 3 fixed blocks are No.1 fixed block, No. two fixations
Block and No. three fixed blocks, the No.1 fixed block, No. two fixed blocks and No. three fixed blocks respectively with No.1 tie, No. two ties and
No. three tie connections.In use, fixed block is stuck in the junction of import header and inducer.
Preferably, the torsion rate of the rectangle tie is 3~5.The definition of torsion rate is the length and knob of tie a cycle
The ratio between the diameter of a circle formed with outer.
Preferably, distance is 2.5 between circle and superheater or the inner wall of reheater piping that the tie outer is formed
~4mm.There is smaller gap between circle and superheater or the inner wall of reheater piping that tie outer is formed.
Preferably, the length of the oxide skin anti-block apparatus is the 1/5~1/3 of superheater or reheater piping height.
Setting is reasonable.
A method of prevent superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking, which is characterized in that using preventing as described above
The device that superheater and reheater oxide skin block；The method is as follows：When steam enters superheater or reheater piping, into
Mouth section, for steam by oxide skin anti-block apparatus, a part of steam enters superheater or reheater piping by middle part tubule, another
Some vapor enters superheater or reheater piping by spiral helicine rectangle tie；Steam by middle part tubule is not disturbed
It is dynamic, reduce the flow resistance of whole steam；By the steam of spiral helicine rectangle tie by strong disturbance, to superheater or
Large stretch of oxide skin is crushed in reheater piping, and is carried broken oxide skin and reached outlet section by elbow part, most
It is left from superheater or reheater piping afterwards.
It prevents superheater and the method for reheater oxide skin blocking can effectively increase superheater or reheater piping enters
The disturbance of mouth high-temperature steam forms eddy flow and is crushed to large-sized oxide skin, and enhances the energy that steam carries oxide skin
Power avoids oxide skin in superheater or the elbow bottom deposit of reheater piping.The initial start stage for especially enhancing boiler is steamed
The eddy flow of vapour and disturbance avoid steam flow rate is low oxide skin is caused to lead to booster in elbow bottom deposit, can greatly reduce super
Boilers and ultra-supercritical boiler cause unit non-the case where stopping because of high temperature superheater or reheater bursting.
Preferably, the junction of the outlet header and outlet section is provided with oxide skin collection device.By the oxygen of discharge
Change skin to collect, avoids causing erosion to the blade of steam turbine.
The utility model compared with prior art, has the following advantages and effect：
1）The oxide skin anti-block apparatus effectively increases superheater or reheater piping using special-shaped tie flow-disturbing principle
The disturbance of entrance high-temperature steam especially improves the low situation of boiler startup initial stage steam flow rate, forms eddy flow to large scale
Oxide skin be crushed, and enhance steam carry oxide skin ability, avoid oxide skin in superheater or reheater piping
The bottom deposit of middle elbow part.
2）The material of the oxide skin anti-block apparatus is the ceramic foam of heat resistant and wear resistant damage, is novel porous materials, reduces
The flow resistance of steam, and the intermediate tubule of oxide skin bridge breaker does not change the flow direction of high-temperature steam, further decrease
Flow resistance, three rectangle ties form in 120 ° of spirals, can be effectively formed eddy flow, be disturbed to large scale oxide skin
It is dynamic broken, it also avoids elbow part oxide skin caused by centrifugal force and largely deposits.
3）The oxide skin anti-blocking method cost is relatively low, simple in structure, easy for installation, not only can to avoid high temperature superheater and
The case where reheater upgrading material brings expensive cost, can also adapt to load rapid fluctuations caused by peak load regulation network, reduces
The burden of operations staff, and effectively reduce and non-stop number caused by oxide skin blocks booster.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-sectional view in the faces A-A in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of oxide skin anti-block apparatus in the utility model embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and by embodiment, and following embodiment is pair
The explanation of the utility model and the utility model is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of device for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking, including import header 1, mistake
Hot device or reheater piping 3, outlet header 4 and oxide skin anti-block apparatus 2；Import header 1 and outlet header 4 were connected to
The both ends of hot device or reheater piping 3, superheater or reheater piping 3 include inducer 31, elbow part 32 and outlet section 33,
Oxide skin anti-block apparatus 2 is located at the inducer 31 of superheater or reheater piping 3.
Oxide skin anti-block apparatus 2 is an integral structure, and the material of oxide skin anti-block apparatus 2 is anti abrasive ceramic foam；
Oxide skin anti-block apparatus 2 includes middle part tubule 21, rectangle tie 22 and fixed end 23；Middle part tubule 21 is hollow structure, square
Shape tie 22 is extended to the other end of middle part tubule 21 by one end of middle part tubule 21 in the shape of a spiral, and the torsion rate of rectangle tie 22 is
3~5, spiral helicine rectangle tie 22 is in the circle 5 of middle part tubule 21 radially formed with tie outer, the company of fixed end 23
It is connected at the rectangle tie 22 of middle part 21 one end of tubule, fixed end 23 and the tie point of rectangle tie 22 are located at tie outer shape
At circle 5 on, oxide skin anti-block apparatus 2 is stuck in the junction of import header 1 and inducer 31, the square by fixed end 23
Shape tie 22 is located in inducer 31；Distance is between circle 5 and the inner wall of superheater or reheater piping 3 that tie outer is formed
2.5~4mm；The length of oxide skin anti-block apparatus 2 is the 1/5~1/3 of 3 height of superheater or reheater piping.
Rectangle tie 22 is provided with 3, and rectangle tie 22 includes 221, No. two ties 222 of No.1 tie and No. three ties
223,221, No. two ties 222 of No.1 tie and No. three ties 223 are distributed along the cross section of middle part tubule 21 in 120 °.Fixing end
First 23 include 3 fixed blocks, and 3 fixed blocks are 231, No. two fixed blocks 232 of No.1 fixed block and No. three fixed blocks 233, No.1
231, No. two fixed blocks 232 of fixed block and No. three fixed blocks 233 respectively with 221, No. two ties 222 of No.1 tie and No. three ties
223 connections.
A method of prevent superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking, using preventing superheater and reheating as described above
The device that device oxide skin blocks；Method is as follows：When steam enters superheater or reheater piping 3, in inducer 31, steam passes through
Oxide skin anti-block apparatus 2, a part of steam enter superheater or reheater piping 3, another part steam by middle part tubule 21
Enter superheater or reheater piping 3 by spiral helicine rectangle tie 22；Steam by middle part tubule 21 is undisturbed, subtracts
The small flow resistance of whole steam；By the steam of spiral helicine rectangle tie 22 by strong disturbance, to superheater or again
Large stretch of oxide skin is crushed in hot device pipeline 3, and is carried broken oxide skin and reached outlet section 33 by elbow part 32,
It is finally left from superheater or reheater piping 3, setting oxygen can be considered in the outlet header 4 and the junction of outlet section 33
Change skin collection device, the oxide skin of discharge is collected, avoids causing erosion to the blade of steam turbine.
Although the utility model is disclosed as above with embodiment, it is not limited to the scope of protection of the utility model,
Any technical staff for being familiar with this technology, in the conception and scope for not departing from the utility model made by change and retouch,
It all should belong to the protection range of the utility model.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of device for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking, including import header（1）, superheater or reheater tube
Road（3）, outlet header（4）With oxide skin anti-block apparatus（2）；The import header（1）And outlet header（4）It was connected to
Hot device or reheater piping（3）Both ends, the superheater or reheater piping（3）Including inducer（31）, elbow part
（32）And outlet section（33）, the oxide skin anti-block apparatus（2）Positioned at the superheater or reheater piping（3）Inducer
（31）；It is characterized in that, the oxide skin anti-block apparatus（2）Including middle part tubule（21）, rectangle tie（22）And fixed end
（23）；The middle part tubule（21）For hollow structure, the rectangle tie（22）By middle part tubule（21）One end in the shape of a spiral
Extend to middle part tubule（21）The other end, the fixed end（23）It is connected to middle part tubule（21）The rectangle tie of one end
（22）Place, the oxide skin anti-block apparatus（2）Pass through fixed end（23）It is stuck in import header（1）With inducer（31）Connection
Place, the rectangle tie（22）Positioned at inducer（31）It is interior.
2. the device according to claim 1 for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking, which is characterized in that the spiral shell
Revolve the rectangle tie of shape（22）In middle part tubule（21）Radially with tie outer formed circle（5）, the fixed end
（23）With rectangle tie（22）Tie point be located at the tie outer formation circle（5）On.
3. the device according to claim 1 for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking, which is characterized in that the oxygen
Change skin anti-block apparatus（2）It is an integral structure, the oxide skin anti-block apparatus（2）Material be anti abrasive ceramic foam.
4. the device according to claim 1 for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking, which is characterized in that the square
Shape tie（22）3 are provided with, the rectangle tie（22）Including No.1 tie（221）, No. two ties（222）With No. three ties
（223）, the No.1 tie（221）, No. two ties（222）With No. three ties（223）Along middle part tubule（21）Cross section be in
120 ° of distributions.
5. the device according to claim 4 for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking, which is characterized in that described solid
Fixed end head（23）Including 3 fixed blocks, 3 fixed blocks are No.1 fixed block（231）, No. two fixed blocks（232）With No. three
Fixed block（233）, the No.1 fixed block（231）, No. two fixed blocks（232）With No. three fixed blocks（233）Respectively with No.1 knob
Band（221）, No. two ties（222）With No. three ties（223）Connection.
6. the device according to claim 1 for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking, which is characterized in that the square
Shape tie（22）Torsion rate be 3~5.
7. the device according to claim 2 for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking, which is characterized in that the knob
The circle formed with outer（5）With superheater or reheater piping（3）Inner wall between distance be 2.5~4mm.
8. the device according to claim 1 for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking, which is characterized in that the oxygen
Change skin anti-block apparatus（2）Length be superheater or reheater piping（3）The 1/5~1/3 of height.
9. the device according to claim 1 for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking, which is characterized in that it is described go out
Mouth header（4）With outlet section（33）Junction be provided with oxide skin collection device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721806674.6U CN207815295U (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2017-12-21 | A kind of device for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721806674.6U CN207815295U (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2017-12-21 | A kind of device for preventing superheater and reheater oxide skin from blocking |
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| CN207815295U true CN207815295U (en) | 2018-09-04 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107990302A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-04 | 华电电力科学研究院 | A kind of device and method for preventing superheater and the blocking of reheater oxide skin |
-
2017
- 2017-12-21 CN CN201721806674.6U patent/CN207815295U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107990302A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-04 | 华电电力科学研究院 | A kind of device and method for preventing superheater and the blocking of reheater oxide skin |
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