CN207776847U - A negative pressure booster perforating device for oil and gas wells - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a negative pressure synergistic perforation device for oil and gas wells, which relates to the perforation field of oil and gas wells, comprising: a pressure guiding and detonating mechanism; one end of the pressure guiding and detonating mechanism is connected with one end of a discharge mechanism, The other end of the pressure guide and detonation is connected to the first detonation mechanism, the other end of the discharge mechanism is connected to the oil pipe, and the outside of the discharge mechanism has a piston protection body; the discharge mechanism has a first flow channel, The piston protection body has a second flow channel; the pressure guiding and detonating mechanism is used to control the communication between the first flow channel and the second flow channel, the annular liquid in the well enters into the tubing, and control The first detonating mechanism detonates the perforation. It can solve the cumbersome process, complicated construction, high construction cost, small negative pressure difference, high blowout risk, and insignificant oil increase effect of the conventional static negative pressure perforation method; and the small negative pressure difference of the conventional dynamic negative pressure perforation The problem of short action time and cumbersome construction process.

Description

A negative pressure booster perforating device for oil and gas wells

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of oil and gas well perforation, in particular to a negative pressure synergistic perforation device for oil and gas wells.

Background technique

Conventional static negative pressure perforation is to reduce the height of the liquid column by pulling out the liquid in the wellbore before perforation, so as to reduce the pressure of the perforated interval and realize static negative pressure perforation. This negative pressure perforation method is cumbersome , the construction is complicated, the construction cost is high, the negative pressure difference is small, the risk of blowout is large, and the oil increase effect is not obvious; the conventional dynamic negative pressure perforation uses a special dynamic pressure reduction device to reduce the perforation layer at the moment when the perforation opens the formation. The negative pressure perforation method can achieve negative pressure perforation. The negative pressure difference is small, the negative pressure action time is short, and the construction process is cumbersome.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the utility model provides a negative pressure synergistic perforation device for oil and gas wells, to solve the conventional static negative pressure perforation method with cumbersome process, complicated construction, high construction cost, small negative pressure difference, and high blowout risk. The effect of increasing oil is not obvious; and conventional dynamic negative pressure perforation has small negative pressure difference, short negative pressure action time and cumbersome construction technology.

The utility model provides a negative pressure synergistic perforation device for oil and gas wells, comprising:

Pressure guiding and detonating mechanism;

One end of the pressure guide and detonation mechanism is connected to one end of the discharge mechanism, the other end of the pressure guide and detonation is connected to the first detonation mechanism, the other end of the discharge mechanism is connected to the oil pipe, and the discharge mechanism The outer side has a piston protection body;

The discharge mechanism has a first flow channel, and the piston protector has a second flow channel;

The pressure guide and detonation mechanism is used to control the communication between the first flow channel and the second flow channel, the annulus liquid in the well enters the tubing, and control the first detonation mechanism to detonate the perforation.

Preferably, the pressure guiding and detonating mechanism includes: a pressure guiding mechanism and a detonating mechanism;

There is a hydraulic input channel between the pressure guiding mechanism and the detonating mechanism;

The pressure guide mechanism is used to control the communication between the first flow channel and the second flow channel according to the pressure of the hydraulic input channel, so that the annular fluid in the well enters the tubing;

The detonating mechanism is used for the pressure of the hydraulic input channel to control the first detonating mechanism to detonate the perforation.

Preferably, the pressure guiding mechanism includes: an upper firing pin, the upper end of which has a second detonating mechanism;

The detonating mechanism includes: a lower firing pin, the lower end of which has the first detonating mechanism;

The upper firing pin and the lower firing pin are connected through a pressure-sensitive mechanism;

The pressure sensing mechanism is used to disconnect the upper firing pin and the lower firing pin according to the pressure of the hydraulic input channel.

Preferably, the pressure guiding and detonating mechanism further includes: a detonation casing, the casing has the hydraulic input passage, the upper end of the detonation casing has the upper firing pin, and the lower end of the detonation casing Has the lower firing pin.

Preferably, the upper end of the second detonation mechanism has an air pressure conduction channel, and the upper end of the air pressure conduction channel has the discharge mechanism;

The air pressure conduction channel is used to control the upward sliding of the discharge mechanism in the piston protection body, so as to communicate the first flow channel with the second flow channel.

Preferably, the upper end of the second detonation mechanism has a delay pyrotechnic assembly, and the upper end of the delay pyrotechnic assembly is the air pressure conduction channel.

Preferably, the second detonating mechanism is placed in a cock, one end of the cock is the upper firing pin, and the other end of the cock has a gland;

The gland is used to fix the second detonating mechanism.

Preferably, the upper firing pin is clamped in the limit mechanism;

The limiting mechanism is used to prevent the upper firing pin from falling.

Preferably, the outer wall of the piston protection body also has a hydraulic balance channel;

The hydraulic balance passage is used to control the movement of the discharge mechanism in the piston protection body according to the pressure outside the piston protection body and the pressure difference between the pressure guide and detonation mechanism, and connect the first flow passage and the The second channel is connected or not connected.

Preferably, there is a shearing mechanism between the discharge mechanism and the piston protection body;

The shearing mechanism is used for fixed connection or disconnection of the discharge mechanism with the piston protection body.

The utility model at least has the following beneficial effects:

The utility model provides a negative pressure synergistic perforation device for oil and gas wells, which releases the liquid above the perforation layer into the oil pipe, reduces the liquid column pressure of the perforation layer, and thus realizes a large negative pressure difference and long action time. Longer dynamic negative pressure perforation can improve oil and gas well productivity.

Description of drawings

Through the following description of the embodiments of the utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above-mentioned and other purposes, features and advantages of the utility model are more clear, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative pressure synergistic perforating device for oil and gas wells according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following describes the present invention based on examples, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the following detailed description of the present utility model, some specific details are described in detail. However, those skilled in the art can also fully understand the utility model for the parts that are not described in detail.

In addition, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the provided drawings are only for illustrating the purpose, features and advantages of the present utility model, and the drawings are not actually drawn to scale.

At the same time, unless the context clearly requires, the words "include", "include" and other similar words in the entire specification and claims should be interpreted as an inclusive meaning rather than an exclusive or exhaustive meaning; that is, "include but not limited to the meaning of ".

Fig. 1 is the utility model embodiment. As shown in Figure 1, a negative pressure boosted perforating device for oil and gas wells includes: a pressure guiding and detonating mechanism; one end of the pressure guiding and detonating mechanism is connected to one end of the discharge mechanism (that is, the discharge piston 6), The other end of the pressure guiding and detonation is connected with the first detonating mechanism (that is, the lower detonating detonator 35), the other end of the discharge mechanism (that is, the discharge piston 6) is connected with the oil pipe, and the discharge mechanism (that is, the discharge piston 6) ) has a piston protection body 1 on the outside; the discharge mechanism (that is, the discharge piston 6) has a first flow channel (that is, the liquid guide hole 8), and the piston protection body 1 has a second flow channel (that is, the hydraulic conduction hole 10) ; The pressure guiding and detonating mechanism is used to control the communication between the first flow channel (that is, the liquid guide hole 8) and the second flow channel (that is, the hydraulic conduction hole 10), the annular liquid in the well enters the tubing, and controls the first The blasting mechanism (ie, the lower blasting detonator 35) initiates the perforation.

In Fig. 1, the pressure guiding and detonating mechanism includes: the pressure guiding mechanism and the detonating mechanism; there is a hydraulic input channel (that is, the hydraulic input hole 30) between the pressure guiding mechanism and the detonating mechanism; (that is, the hydraulic pressure input hole 30) controls the communication between the first flow channel (that is, the liquid guide hole 8) and the second flow channel (that is, the hydraulic conduction hole 10), and the annular liquid in the well enters the tubing; the detonation mechanism, The pressure for the hydraulic input channel (ie, the hydraulic input hole 30 ) controls the first blasting mechanism (ie, the lower blasting detonator 35 ) to initiate the perforation.

In Fig. 1, the pressure guiding mechanism includes: an upper firing pin 25, and the upper end of the upper firing pin 25 has a second detonation mechanism (that is, the upper detonation detonator 20); the detonation mechanism includes: a lower firing pin 28, the lower firing pin 28 The lower end has a first detonating mechanism (that is, the lower detonating detonator 35); the upper firing pin 25 and the lower firing pin 28 are connected by a pressure-sensitive mechanism (that is, the shear pin 29); the pressure-sensitive mechanism (that is, the shear pin 29) ), for disconnecting the upper firing pin 25 and the lower firing pin 28 according to the pressure of the hydraulic input channel (ie, the hydraulic input hole 30 ).

In Fig. 1, the pressure guiding and detonating mechanism also includes: a detonating shell 33, the shell 33 has a hydraulic input channel (that is, a hydraulic input hole 30), the upper end of the detonating shell 33 has an upper firing pin 25, and the detonating shell 33 There is a lower striker 28 at the lower end.

In Fig. 1, the upper end of the second detonating mechanism has an air pressure conduction channel (i.e., the air pressure conduction hole 14), and the upper end of the air pressure conduction flow channel (i.e., the air pressure conduction hole 14) has a discharge mechanism (i.e., the discharge piston 6); The conduction channel (that is, the air pressure conduction hole 14) is used to control the discharge mechanism (that is, the discharge piston 6) to slide upward in the piston protection body 1, so that the first flow channel (that is, the liquid guide hole 8) and the second The flow passages (ie, the hydraulic transmission holes 10 ) communicate.

In FIG. 1 , the upper end of the second detonation mechanism (ie, the upper detonating cap 20 ) has a delay pyrotechnic component 17 , and the upper end of the delay pyrotechnic component 17 has an air pressure conduction channel (ie, the air pressure conduction hole 14 ).

In Fig. 1, the second detonating mechanism (that is, the upper detonator detonator 20) is placed in the cock 22, one end of the cock 22 is the upper firing pin 25, and the other end of the cock 22 has a gland (that is, the lower detonator gland 36); The gland (ie, the lower detonator gland 36 ) is used to fix the second detonating mechanism (ie, the upper detonator 20 ).

In FIG. 1 , the upper firing pin 25 is clamped in the limiting mechanism (ie, the limiting sleeve 24 ); the limiting mechanism (ie, the limiting sleeve 24 ) is used to prevent the upper firing pin 25 from falling.

In Fig. 1, there is also a hydraulic balance passage (that is, hydraulic balance hole 12) on the outer wall of the piston protection body 1; The pressure difference of the detonation mechanism controls the movement of the discharge mechanism (that is, the discharge piston 6) on the piston protection body 1, and connects the first flow channel (that is, the liquid guide hole 8) and the second flow channel (that is, the hydraulic conduction hole 10) Or disconnected.

In Fig. 1, there is a shear mechanism (that is, shear ring 5) between the discharge mechanism and the piston protection body 1; the shear mechanism (that is, shear ring 5) is used for the discharge mechanism (that is, the discharge piston 6) Fixed connection or disconnection with the piston protection body 1 .

Specifically, a negative pressure synergistic perforating device for oil and gas wells, comprising: a piston protection body 1, a first fixed pin 2, a first sealing ring 3, a second fixed pin 4, a shear ring 5, and a drain piston 6. The second sealing ring 7, the liquid guide hole 8, the third sealing ring 9, the hydraulic transmission hole 10, the thirteenth sealing ring 11, the hydraulic balance hole 12, the fourth sealing ring 13, the air pressure transmission hole 14, the delay joint 15. The fifth sealing ring 16, the delay pyrotechnic assembly 17, the sixth sealing ring 18, the upper detonator pressure cap 19, the upper priming detonator 20, the seventh sealing ring 21, the cock 22, the eighth sealing ring 23, the limit sleeve 24. Upper firing pin 25, ninth sealing ring 26, tenth sealing ring 27, lower firing pin 28, shear pin 29, hydraulic input hole 30, hydraulic guide hole 31, eleventh sealing ring 32, detonating shell 33 , the twelfth sealing ring 34, the following detonator detonator 35 and the lower detonator pressure cap 36.

In Fig. 1, the piston protection body 1 is a hollow structure, the outer side of the piston protection body 1 has a liquid guide hole 8, the inside of the piston protection body 1 has a discharge piston 6, and the hydraulic conduction hole 10 on the outside of the discharge piston 6, the discharge flow The piston 6 is fixed on the inner side of one end of the piston protection body 1 through the fixing pin (namely, the first fixing pin 2 and the second fixing pin 4); the cross-sectional view of the drain piston 6 is a concave structure, and the base of the concave structure is a cylindrical structure The piston protection body 1 outside the base has a hydraulic balance hole 12, and the hollow circular wall on the upper side of the base of the concave structure has a hydraulic conduction hole 10.

In Fig. 1, the base of the bleeder piston 6 has a time-delay joint 15, and the cross-sectional view of the time-delay joint 15 is a convex structure. For the base of the discharge piston 6, the lower side of the air pressure conduction hole 14 is a delay pyrotechnic assembly 17, and the delay pyrotechnic assembly 17 is in the base of the delay joint 15 (that is, the outside of the base of the delay joint 15 is inward Bending to form a convex part of a convex structure); the base of the delay joint 15 has an extension downward, and the extension is connected with the detonation shell 33.

In Fig. 1, the detonation shell 33 has a hydraulic input hole 30, and the upper end of the detonation shell 33 accommodates the upper firing pin 25, and the lower end of the detonation shell 33 accommodates the lower firing pin 28; There is a groove at the connecting end of the needle 28 and the upper firing pin 25, the non-needle end of the upper firing pin 25 is in the groove of the lower firing pin 28, and the lower firing pin 28 passes through the groove wall of the groove and the shear pin 29 and the upper firing pin 25 connection; there is a hydraulic guide hole 31 between the groove and the tip of the lower firing pin 28, and the hydraulic guide hole 31 communicates with the hydraulic input hole 30. When the pressure of the hydraulic guide hole 31 reaches the pressure that the shear pin 29 can bear or the setting When the pressure is constant, the shear pin 29 is disconnected, and the lower firing pin 28 is separated from the upper firing pin 25.

In Fig. 1, there is a limit sleeve 24 between the lower firing pin 28 and the detonating shell 33, the cross-sectional view of the lower firing pin 28 is a cross structure, the upper end of the cross structure is a tip, and the lower end of the cross structure passes through the limit sleeve 24 And connected with the lower firing pin 28 through the groove of the lower firing pin 28, the limit sleeve 24 has a bend inward, and the inner diameter of the bending place is smaller than the inner diameter before bending (that is, the inner boss), and the lower firing pin 28 The inline shapes on the left and right sides of the cross structure are hung on the inner boss, and the lower section of the inner boss is in contact with the bottom of the groove of the lower firing pin 28 .

In Fig. 1, the inside of the detonating shell 33 and the top of the upper firing pin 25 also have a cock 22, the inside of the cock 22 has an upper detonator 20, and the upper end of the upper detonator 20 has an upper detonator pressure cap 19, and an upper detonator pressure cap One end of 19 fixes detonating detonator 20 by cock 22, and the other end of upper detonator pressure cap 19 has time-delay pyrotechnic assembly 17.

In FIG. 1 , the inside of the detonating shell 33 and the lower end of the lower firing pin 28 have a lower detonating cap 35 , and the lower detonating cap 35 is fixed by a lower cap 36 of the detonating cap.

Combined with Fig. 1, the assembly process of a negative pressure synergistic perforation device for oil and gas wells of the present invention is briefly described: the utility model is applied to the perforation process of oil and gas wells, and the upper part is connected with the oil pipe when it is used in the well, and the lower part is connected with the jetting. Hole gun connection. The drain piston 6 is sealed by the first seal ring 3, the second seal ring 7, the third seal ring 9, the thirteenth seal ring 11, the fourth seal ring 13, the first fixed pin 2 and the second fixed pin 4 and After the shear ring 5 is positioned, it is placed in the piston protection body 1; the upper end of the delay joint 15 is sealed and connected to the lower part of the piston protection body 1 in the form of a thread through the fifth sealing ring 16; the delay pyrotechnic assembly 17 is sealed by the sixth sealing ring. The ring 18 is sealed and connected with the delay joint 15 in the form of threads; the upper detonator 20 is sealed and placed inside the cock 22 through the seventh sealing ring 21, and is fixed by the upper detonator gland 19; the cock 22 is fixed on the detonation shell by threads 33 upper end; the detonating shell 33 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the detonating joint 15 through the eighth sealing ring 23; The ring 27 is placed on the upper end of the detonating shell 35; the lower firing pin 28 is sealed and placed on the lower end of the detonating shell 33 through the eleventh sealing ring 32; the upper firing pin 25 and the lower firing pin 28 are connected by a shear pin 29; the lower detonating detonator 35 Place the lower end of the detonation shell 33 through the sealing of the twelfth sealing ring 34, and fix with the lower detonator gland 36.

In conjunction with Fig. 1, the working principle of the utility model is briefly explained: when detonating the perforating gun and starting the negative pressure delay mechanism are required, the ground is pressurized at the wellhead, and the liquid enters from the perforated hydraulic input hole 30 on the detonating shell 33, Then enter through the hydraulic guide hole 31 on the lower firing pin 28, and when the pressure reaches the design pressure, the shear pin 29 is cut off, and the lower firing pin 28 goes down and hits the lower detonator 35 to detonate the perforating gun connected to the lower part; the upper firing pin 25 goes up Hit the upper detonator 20, start the delay pyrotechnic assembly 17, apply pressure to the bottom of the discharge piston 6 through the air pressure conduction hole 14 on the delay joint 15, and balance it by the hydraulic balance hole 12 on the piston protection body 1, Cut off the fixed pin 2 and the fixed pin 4, and the drain piston 6 moves upward, so that the hydraulic conduction hole 10 on the drain piston 6 communicates with the liquid guide hole 8 on the piston protection body 1, so that the annular liquid in the well enters the oil pipe, Therefore, the liquid pressure in the perforated interval is reduced at the moment of perforation, and negative pressure synergistic perforation is realized.

The utility model double-clicks the needle (the upper firing pin 25 and the lower firing pin 28) and the delay scheme of the pyrotechnic assembly (the delay pyrotechnic assembly 17), which opens the discharge channel within a certain period of time after perforation, reducing the perforation layer. The pressure of the fluid column in the well in the section can cause negative pressure backflow in the perforation tunnel, which relieves the compaction caused by perforation, cleans the perforation tunnel, and improves the productivity of the oil and gas well. The utility model can replace the existing static negative pressure perforation and dynamic negative pressure perforation techniques, the construction process is simple, the construction cost is low, and it has the characteristics of large negative pressure difference, long negative pressure action time and obvious oil increasing effect.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only to express the embodiment of the utility model, and its description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as limiting the patent scope of the utility model. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. without departing from the concept of the utility model, all of which belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the scope of protection of the utility model patent should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A negative pressure synergistic perforation device for oil and gas wells, characterized in that it comprises: Pressure guiding and detonating mechanism; One end of the pressure guide and detonation mechanism is connected to one end of the discharge mechanism, the other end of the pressure guide and detonation is connected to the first detonation mechanism, the other end of the discharge mechanism is connected to the oil pipe, and the discharge mechanism The outer side has a piston protection body (1); The discharge mechanism has a first flow channel, and the piston protection body (1) has a second flow channel; The pressure guide and detonation mechanism is used to control the communication between the first flow channel and the second flow channel, the annulus liquid in the well enters the tubing, and control the first detonation mechanism to detonate the perforation. 2. A negative pressure synergistic perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure guiding and detonating mechanism includes: a pressure guiding mechanism and a detonating mechanism; There is a hydraulic input channel between the pressure guiding mechanism and the detonating mechanism; The pressure guide mechanism is used to control the communication between the first flow channel and the second flow channel according to the pressure of the hydraulic input channel, so that the annular fluid in the well enters the tubing; The detonating mechanism is used for the pressure of the hydraulic input channel to control the first detonating mechanism to detonate the perforation. 3. A negative pressure synergistic perforation device for oil and gas wells according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure guiding mechanism includes: an upper firing pin (25), the upper end of the upper firing pin (25) has a second detonating mechanism; The detonating mechanism includes: a lower firing pin (28), the lower end of the lower firing pin (28) has the first detonating mechanism; The upper firing pin (25) and the lower firing pin (28) are connected through a pressure-sensitive mechanism; The pressure sensing mechanism is used to disconnect the upper firing pin (25) and the lower firing pin (28) according to the pressure of the hydraulic input channel. 4. A negative pressure synergistic perforation device for oil and gas wells according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure guide and detonation mechanism also includes: a detonation casing (33), the casing (33) has the hydraulic input channel, and the upper end of the detonation casing (33) has the upper firing pin (25 ), the lower end of the detonating shell (33) has the lower firing pin (28). 5. A negative pressure synergistic perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the second detonation mechanism has an air pressure conduction channel, and the upper end of the air pressure conduction channel has the discharge mechanism; The air pressure conduction flow channel is used to control the upward sliding of the discharge mechanism in the piston protection body (1), so as to communicate the first flow channel with the second flow channel. 6. A negative pressure synergistic perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end of the second detonation mechanism has a delayed pyrotechnic assembly (17), and the upper end of the delayed pyrotechnic assembly (17) is the air pressure conduction channel. 7. A negative pressure synergistic perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second detonating mechanism is placed in the cock (22), one end of the cock (22) is the upper firing pin (25), and the other end of the cock (22) has a gland; The gland is used to fix the second detonating mechanism. 8. A negative pressure synergistic perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper firing pin (25) is clamped in the limit mechanism; The limit mechanism is used to prevent the upper firing pin (25) from falling. 9. A negative pressure synergistic perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is also a hydraulic balance channel on the outer wall of the piston protection body (1); The hydraulic balance channel is used to control the movement of the discharge mechanism in the piston protection body (1) according to the pressure outside the piston protection body (1) and the pressure difference between the pressure guide and detonation mechanism, The first channel is in communication with the second channel or not. 10. A negative pressure synergistic perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a shear mechanism between the discharge mechanism and the piston protection body (1); The shearing mechanism is used for fixed connection or disconnection of the discharge mechanism with the piston protection body (1).