Background technology
Kitchen garbage is primarily referred to as resident's daily life and food processing in addition to this, catering service, unit are served the meals
The rubbish generated in activity.It is rich in nutritional ingredient in kitchen garbage, includes mainly starch, free sugar, protein, fat, fiber
Element and inorganic salts etc..Therefore, kitchen garbage is extremely apt to deteriorate, rotten, not only generates a large amount of toxin, distributes effluvium
Body goes back polluted-water and air, if so kitchen garbage cannot be handled timely, not only the influence city appearance of the city and environment are defended
It is raw, and can spread the disease, endanger daily life and health.
With advances in technology, as things go, mainly there are following several just processing to the processing of kitchen garbage
Mode:
1, Fertilizer Transformed is handled:At the main cripple including after aerobic compost and anaerobism natural pond of Fertilizer Transformed processing of kitchen garbage
Two kinds of reason, fertilizer is manufactured by compost and cripple.
2, fodder is handled:The fodder processing of kitchen garbage is to utilize to contain a large amount of organic matter in kitchen garbage, is led to
It crosses after crushing, be dehydrated to it, fermenting, drying, rubbish is transformed into the animal feed of high heat.
3, energy is handled:The energy processing of kitchen garbage includes mainly burning method, thermal decomposition method, anaerobism natural pond etc..
4, kitchen garbage alcoholic fermentation:After kitchen garbage is cleaned, fermentation manufacture alcohol is carried out to organic materials.
The above multiple technologies are made a general survey of, all include that pretreated step is carried out to kitchen garbage.That is, since kitchen garbage comes
Source is wide, complicated component, in order to be conducive to subsequent processing, needs to crush kitchen garbage and detach, but existing at present
Technology more in can not meet such demand.
Utility model content
In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of reduction hand labor is provided,
The pretreatment unit that kitchen garbage is crushed and is detached.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model is realized using following scheme:
A kind of utensil garbage pre-processing device, including grinding device and separator, the grinding device include feed inlet
And discharge port, the separator include inlet port and outlet port, the charging of the discharge port and separator of the grinding device
Mouth connects connection;It is corresponding with grinding device to be equipped with the automatic discharge unit that kitchen garbage be poured into grinding device feed inlet.
The single discharging of kitchen garbage usually has certain volume and weight, passes through the setting of automatic discharge unit, profit in the application
With the help of mechanical equipment, kitchen garbage is knocked down into grinding device, reduces hand labor.Put into the kitchen rubbish of grinding device
Rubbish realizes that crushing, the rubbish after crushing enter directly into separator under the action of grinding device, such as to insoluble solid
Gravel etc. is detached, and is not needed additional conveying mechanism and is carried out rehandling.
The grinding device includes interconnected upper chamber and lower chambers, and first disintegrator is equipped in the upper chamber
Structure, the bottom chamber are equipped with the second disintegrating mechanism, and the blade size of the first disintegrator structure is more than the second disintegrating mechanism
Big chip size so that the size of the material crushed by first disintegrator structure is more than the object crushed by the second disintegrating mechanism
The size of material;Grinding device feed inlet is arranged in upper chamber, and grinding device discharge port is arranged in lower chambers.
There are many sources of kitchen garbage, and complicated component, not of uniform size, this be to subsequent processing it is quite unfavorable,
So needing to crush processing to kitchen garbage, it is processed into suitably sized.But as mentioned, kitchen garbage
Complicated component is not of uniform size, if by once crush reach it is suitably sized make it is relatively difficult, disintegrating mechanism be easy by kitchen
Rubbish is blocked and is broken down.In the application, it is provided at least two disintegrating mechanisms, respectively first disintegrator structure and the second powder
Kitchen garbage is processed into large-sized crushed material, ruler in crushed material at this time by broken mechanism by the processing of first disintegrator structure
Very little difference substantially reduces, it is not easy to block the second disintegrating mechanism, by the processing of the second disintegrating mechanism, obtain the crushing of small size
Material, this is conducive to subsequent processing significantly.Above-mentioned upper chamber and lower chambers is that in contrast, installation first disintegrator structure is upper
Chamber, the second disintegrating mechanism of installation is lower chambers.Here the blade size for the first disintegrator structure addressed is more than second and crushes
The blade size of mechanism is interpreted as so that the size of the material crushed by first disintegrator structure is more than by the second pulverizer
The size for the material that structure crushes.
Since the application is using destruction step twice, smoothly lead to for the ease of the material after first break
Second is crossed to be crushed.Lower chambers unicom vertical with upper chamber, second disintegrating mechanism are positioned close to lower chambers discharging
The position of mouth.Due to lower chambers unicom vertical with upper chamber, material can smoothly reach the second crushing after first break
Mechanism reduces the resistance of material movement, avoids the accumulation of material.
Further, in order to improve crushing effect, the first disintegrator structure includes the first stationary knife group and the first movable cutter set,
The first stationary knife group includes fixed setting and spaced the first ledger-plate of polylith, and first movable cutter set includes rotatable
It is arranged and spaced the first cutting blade of polylith, the first ledger-plate and the first cutting blade is alternate is staggered;Second powder
Broken mechanism includes the second stationary knife group and the second movable cutter set, and the second stationary knife group includes fixed setting and spaced polylith the
Two ledger-plates, second movable cutter set include rotatable setting and spaced the second cutting blade of polylith, the second ledger-plate and
Second cutting blade is alternate to be staggered;The size of second ledger-plate is less than the first ledger-plate, the ruler of second cutting blade
It is very little to be less than the first cutting blade.
In theory, the quantity of moving knife is more, and the crushing effect of material is better, but the quantity of moving knife is more, drives dynamic
The driving mechanism quantity of knife is more, and the volume of equipment is bigger, and cost is higher.Furthermore in the position of close chamber inner wall, due to dynamic
The rotation of knife cannot be got too close to chamber inner wall, because causing the material at this position that cannot effectively crush.Therefore, originally
By the setting of stationary knife group in application, cost is both reduced, also ensures crushing effect.
Further, the first disintegrator structure includes two pair of first stationary knife group and two pair of first movable cutter set, and is in first
The mode of stationary knife group the-the first movable cutter set the-the first movable cutter set the-the first stationary knife group is arranged, the first cutting blade of two pair of first movable cutter set
Between alternate be staggered;Second disintegrating mechanism includes two pair of second stationary knife group and two pair of second movable cutter set, and is in second
The mode of stationary knife group the-the second movable cutter set the-the second movable cutter set the-the second stationary knife group is arranged, the second cutting blade of two pair of second movable cutter set
Between alternate be staggered.Since most of material is to be located at the indoor centre position of chamber, it is arranged two pairs in this position and moves
Knife group can effectively crush most of material, and stationary knife group is being arranged close to the position of chamber inner wall, can be to movable cutter set not
The material that can effectively crush crushes.
First ledger-plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of upper chamber, and first cutting blade is fixed in first rotating shaft,
The inner wall of the first rotating shaft and upper chamber is rotatablely connected(Such as realized by bearing).Second ledger-plate and lower chambers it is interior
Wall is fixedly connected, and second cutting blade is fixed in the second shaft, the inner wall rotation connection of second shaft and lower chambers.
In order to be efficiently separated to the material crushed from grinding device, the separator includes sand-settling device,
The sand-settling device is equipped with inlet port and outlet port, interior to be equipped with rabbling mechanism, and bottom is equipped with the impurity for collecting impurity and receives
Collect vessel, the longitudinal size that the impurity collects vessel is more than lateral dimension, and is equipped with discharge gate;The feed inlet of the sand-settling device
For the feed inlet of separator, discharge port is the discharge port of separator.Pass through the stirring cyclonic action of rabbling mechanism, gravel
Equal solid impurities sink to impurity and collect in vessel, and the longitudinal size that the impurity in the application collects vessel is more than lateral dimension, energy
It prevents these solid impurities from being rolled again, shortens the time of desanding.Preferably, it is in hollow posts that the impurity, which collects vessel,
Shape.
The sand-settling device includes upper shell and hypocentrum, and the impurity is collected vessel and is connected to the bottom of hypocentrum;Sand setting
Device discharge port is arranged on hypocentrum, and sand-settling device feed inlet is arranged on upper shell.Hypocentrum from top to bottom cross-sectional area by
Gradual change is small, under the action of eddy flow, can accelerate impurity and enter impurity collection vessel.Again since impurity collects the longitudinal size of vessel
More than lateral dimension, the impurity for entering impurity collection vessel is also not easy to roll again.
The rabbling mechanism includes longitudinally disposed agitating shaft, and the agitating shaft is from top to bottom alternate to be provided with multi-disc stirring
Blade, i.e. stirring blade are also that can the kitchen garbage in sand-settling device be more uniformly distributed, desanding effect is more in longitudinally disposed
It is good.Solid impurity enters impurity under the action of gravity and eddy flow and collects vessel, in order to prevent the position of stirring blade setting
Excessive eddy flow is generated to influence the sedimentation of impurity too close to the bottom of hypocentrum, and the stirring blade in bottom is under
The middle and upper part position of centrum is corresponding.It both ensure that dust removal rate in this way, guaranteed impurity-eliminating effect.
For automatic discharge unit, the automatic discharge unit includes the transporter that can carry kitchen garbage bucket
Structure, can be to the pneumatic clamping mechanism that kitchen garbage bucket is clamped, and pneumatic clamping mechanism is driven to rise and will be in dustbin
Kitchen garbage be poured into the hoisting mechanism of grinding device feed inlet.Kitchen garbage usually utilizes dustbin to contain, and therefore, passes through
The dustbin for containing kitchen garbage can be delivered to pneumatic clamping mechanism by the automatic discharge unit of the application, conveying mechanism, then
Pneumatic clamping mechanism is clamped dustbin, and dustbin is promoted to the position of grinding device feed inlet and will eaten by hoisting mechanism
Kitchen rubbish pours grinding device into, greatly reduces cost of labor.
Further, the conveying mechanism includes spaced a plurality of roller, and in symmetrically setting above roller
The a pair of conveyor belts set.A plurality of roller forms transporting flat, and dustbin is placed in roller, and the feed belt of both sides is to rubbish
It is barrel-shaped at clamping, with the running of feed belt, dustbin be delivered to start clamp system position, start clamp system immediately
Clamp dustbin.
Further, the pneumatic clamping mechanism includes pneumatic pinch folded arm.
Further, the hoisting mechanism includes driver(Including but not limited to hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder), the driver
Equipped with reciprocating drive rod, the reciprocating drive rod is longitudinally disposed, and top is equipped with a pair of of rolling bearing, is set around rolling bearing
There are driving chain, one end of the driving chain to be connect with pneumatic clamping mechanism, the other end is fixed irremovable;Further include being oriented to
Frame, the leading truck are equipped with guide groove, and the top of the guide groove is bent to grinding device feed inlet, the pneumatic pinch machine
Structure is moved along guide groove;The pneumatic clamping mechanism includes bottom end and fixed first frame in driving chain one end, top with
Second frame articulation so that the second frame can be using the top of the first frame as branch spot wobble;The bottom end of first frame passes through
Spring is connect with the side where the second frame bottom end, and the top of second frame is fixed with a pair of of clamp arm, the clamping
Arm is connect with air pump respectively, and second frame is equipped with can be along the guide runner that guide groove moves.Driver control drive rod
It moves back and forth, when driver control drive rod stretches out upwards, since driving chain one end is fixed irremovable, the other end is
It is connect with pneumatic clamping mechanism, therefore pneumatic clamping mechanism moves up under the promotion of driving chain along guide groove, pneumatic clamps
When tight mechanism kinematic is to guide groove knee, the kitchen garbage in dustbin is poured into grinding device.When driver control drives
When bar is retracted downwards, pneumatic clamping mechanism resets.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:
(1)The application realizes the carrying, crushing and separation whole flow process of kitchen garbage, and base is laid for subsequent processing
Plinth.
(2)Grinding device is crushed using two-stage, first by crushing material at large-sized material, then by crushing material at small ruler
Very little material avoids comminuting matter from blocking disintegrating mechanism, improves crush efficiency so that more organic matters are released from material
Come;First disintegrator structure and the second disintegrating mechanism are all made of the combination of stationary knife group and movable cutter set, in the premise for ensureing crushing effect
Under, reduce cost
(3)By being improved to sand-settling device, impurity collection vessel is designed to that longitudinal size is more than lateral dimension, can be prevented
The impurity for only entering impurity collection vessel is rolled-up again;Sand-settling device includes upper shell and hypocentrum, and hypocentrum connects impurity
Vessel is collected, the setting of hypocentrum can accelerate impurity and enter impurity collection vessel;Grinder, grinder are directly set on sand-settling device
Material after crushing is directly entered sand-settling device, avoids intermediate transfer process, improves efficiency.
Embodiment
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, a kind of utensil garbage pre-processing device, including grinding device 100 and separator 200, it is described
Grinding device 100 includes feed inlet 103 and discharge port, and the separator 200 includes inlet port and outlet port 231, the powder
The discharge port of crushing device 100 connects with the feed inlet of separator 200 to be connected to;Be equipped with corresponding with grinding device 100 can will eat
The automatic discharge unit 500 of kitchen rubbish input grinding device feed inlet 103.
The grinding device 100 includes the upper chamber 101 being interconnected and lower chambers 102, is equipped in the upper chamber 101
First disintegrator structure 110, the lower chambers 102 are interior to be equipped with the second disintegrating mechanism 120, the blade of the first disintegrator structure 110
Size is more than the blade size of the second disintegrating mechanism 120 so that the size of the material crushed by first disintegrator structure is more than
By the size for the material that the second disintegrating mechanism crushes;Grinding device feed inlet 103 is arranged in upper chamber 101, crushes dress
Discharge port is set to be arranged in lower chambers 102.
The first disintegrator structure 110 includes the first stationary knife group and the first movable cutter set, and the first stationary knife group includes fixing
It is arranged and spaced the first ledger-plate of polylith 111, first movable cutter set includes rotatable setting and spaced more
The first cutting blade of block 112, the first ledger-plate 111 and the first cutting blade 112 is alternate is staggered;Second disintegrating mechanism 120
Including the second stationary knife group and the second movable cutter set, the second stationary knife group includes fixed setting and spaced the second stationary knife of polylith
Piece 121, second movable cutter set include rotatable setting and spaced the second cutting blade of polylith 122, the second ledger-plate 121
It is alternate with the second cutting blade 122 to be staggered;The size of second ledger-plate is less than the first ledger-plate, second cutting blade
Size be less than the first cutting blade.
The first disintegrator structure 110 includes two pair of first stationary knife group and two pair of first movable cutter set, and is in the first stationary knife group-
The mode of first movable cutter set the-the first movable cutter set the-the first stationary knife group is arranged, alternate between the first cutting blade of two pair of first movable cutter set
It is staggered;Second disintegrating mechanism 120 includes two pair of second stationary knife group and two pair of second movable cutter set, and is in the second stationary knife
The mode of group the-the second movable cutter set the-the second movable cutter set the-the second stationary knife group is arranged, between the second cutting blade of two pair of second movable cutter set
It is alternate to be staggered.
First ledger-plate 111 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of upper chamber, and first cutting blade 112 is fixed on first turn
On axis 113, the first rotating shaft 113 and the inner wall of upper chamber 101 are rotatablely connected(Such as realized by bearing).Second stationary knife
Piece 121 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of lower chambers, and second cutting blade 122 is fixed in the second shaft 123, second shaft
123 are rotatablely connected with the inner walls of lower chambers 102.
The separator 200 includes sand-settling device, and the sand-settling device is equipped with inlet port and outlet port 231, and interior be equipped with is stirred
Mechanism is mixed, bottom is equipped with the impurity for collecting impurity and collects vessel 210, and the longitudinal size that the impurity collects vessel is more than
Lateral dimension, and it is equipped with discharge gate;The feed inlet of the sand-settling device is the feed inlet of separator, and discharge port is separator
Discharge port.
The sand-settling device includes upper shell 220 and hypocentrum 230, and the impurity collects the bottom of vessel 210 and hypocentrum 230
Portion is connected to;Sand-settling device discharge port 231 is arranged on hypocentrum 230, and sand-settling device feed inlet is arranged on upper shell 220.It is described heavy
Sand mechanical stirrer structure includes longitudinally disposed agitating shaft 241, from top to bottom alternate on the agitating shaft 241 to be provided with multi-disc stirring
Blade 242, the stirring blade in bottom are corresponding with the middle and upper part position of hypocentrum 230.
As shown in Fig. 3 ~ 7, the automatic discharge unit 500 includes the transport establishment that can carry kitchen garbage bucket
510, it can be to pneumatic clamping mechanism 520 that kitchen garbage bucket is clamped(Kitchen garbage is contained using dustbin 501), with
And it drives pneumatic clamping mechanism 520 to rise and the kitchen garbage in dustbin is poured into the hoisting mechanism of grinding device feed inlet
530。
The conveying mechanism 510 includes spaced a plurality of roller 511, and be symmetrical set above roller
A pair of conveyor belts 512, belt conveyor 512 are driven by motor 513.The dustbin 301 for containing kitchen garbage is located at feed belt
Between 312, feed belt is clamped dustbin, is moved with the movement of feed belt.
The hoisting mechanism 530 includes driver 531, and the driver 531 is equipped with reciprocating drive rod 532, described past
Compound drive rod 532 is longitudinally disposed, and top is equipped with a pair of of rolling bearing 533, and driving chain 534, institute are equipped with around rolling bearing
The one end for stating driving chain 534 is connect with pneumatic clamping mechanism 520, and the other end is fixed irremovable;Further include leading truck 540,
The leading truck 540 is equipped with guide groove 541, and the top of the guide groove 541 is bent to grinding device feed inlet, described pneumatic
Clamp system is moved along guide groove;The pneumatic clamping mechanism 520 includes bottom end and fixed first frame in driving chain one end
521, top is hinged with the second frame 522 so that the second frame 522 can be using the top of the first frame 521 as branch spot wobble;Institute
The bottom end for stating the first frame 521 is connect by spring 525 with the side where 522 bottom end of the second frame(Here side is to prop up
Point is line of demarcation), the top of second frame 522 is fixed with a pair of of clamp arm 523, the clamp arm 523 respectively with air pump
526 connections;Second frame 522 is equipped with can be along the guide runner 524 that guide groove moves.
Above-described embodiment is only the wherein specific implementation of the utility model, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Cannot the limitation to the utility model patent range therefore be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, various modifications and improvements can be made, these are apparent
Alternative forms belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.