CN207695701U - A kind of ladder drill mill for processing kidney slot - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a stepped drilling and milling cutter for processing waist-shaped holes, which can solve the problems of low processing efficiency, high tool cost and poor processing quality in the traditional method of drilling first and then milling holes. It includes a knife handle and a knife body coaxially arranged at the front end of the knife handle. It is characterized in that: the knife body includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder connected concentrically from front to back, and the diameter D1 of the first cylinder is smaller than the second cylinder. The diameter of the cylinder is D2. The first cylinder is the drill head, and the second cylinder is the milling cutter. The first cylinder is provided with two helical chip removal main grooves extending in the axial direction to form two edges on the first cylinder. side, and the two chip removal main grooves on the first cylinder extend to the second cylinder along the way, and the second cylinder is provided with two spiral chip removal auxiliary grooves, and the two chip removal main grooves on the second cylinder are connected with the two chip removal grooves. The chip removal secondary flutes are spaced apart along the circumferential direction so that the outer circumference of the second cylinder forms a first peripheral edge and a second peripheral edge at intervals.

Description

A Step Drilling and Milling Cutter for Machining Waist Holes

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical processing, in particular to a stepped drilling and milling cutter for processing waist-shaped holes.

Background technique

Waist hole is a special positioning hole, which is often used to adjust the mutual position of parts when assembling baffles, positioning plates, templates, etc. The processing of traditional waist-shaped holes is mostly to drill a circular hole on the workpiece first, and then insert a milling cutter into the circular hole to move laterally, and expand the circular hole into a waist-shaped hole through the side edge of the milling cutter; , low efficiency, and because it uses large margin transverse milling, when using conventional milling cutters for processing, it often vibrates severely, easily chipping or even breaking the blade, which leads to higher tool costs for processing; and using this The waist-shaped hole processed by this traditional processing method has poor surface quality of the hole wall, many burrs on the edge of the hole, and serious dimensional accuracy, which cannot meet the processing quality requirements.

Utility model content

In view of the above problems, the utility model provides a stepped drilling and milling cutter for processing waist-shaped holes, which can solve the problems of low processing efficiency, high tool cost, poor processing quality and problems existing in the traditional method of drilling first and then milling.

The technical solution is a stepped drill and milling cutter for machining waist-shaped holes, which includes a tool handle and a cutter body coaxially arranged at the front end of the handle, and is characterized in that: the cutter body includes a front-to-back concentric A first cylinder and a second cylinder connected as one, the diameter D1 of the first cylinder is smaller than the diameter D2 of the second cylinder, the first cylinder is a drill head, and the second cylinder is a milling cutter portion, so Two helical main chip removal grooves extending axially are opened on the first cylinder so as to form two edges on the first cylinder, and the two main chip removal grooves on the first cylinder extend along the trend to In the second cylinder, two helical chip removal secondary grooves are provided on the second cylinder, and the two chip removal main grooves and the two chip removal secondary grooves on the second cylinder are circumferentially spaced so that The outer periphery of the second cylinder forms a first peripheral edge and a second peripheral edge at intervals.

Further, the core thickness d1 of the two chip removal main grooves on the second cylinder is 0.25D1-0.35D1, the core thickness d2 of the two chip removal auxiliary grooves is 0.55D2-0.65D2, and d1<d2 .

Further, the rake faces of the two second peripheral edges on the second cylinder respectively form an included angle with the line connecting the tips of the two first peripheral edges counterclockwise and and The following conditions and

Further, the back of the second peripheral edge is provided with a first relief surface, a second relief surface and a third relief surface which are sequentially connected, and the first relief surface is a squeezed margin and squeezed The light land width d3 is 0.02-0.08 mm, and the relief angle formed by the first relief surface and the tangent line at the edge of the cylinder ranges from 2° to 5°.

Further, the front end of the edge of the first cylinder is provided with a tool tip chamfer, and the cutting edge transition of the main edge formed by the two edges of the first cylinder and the front face adopts a plane with a passivation width a Passivation structure, the chamfering of the knife tip adopts an arc-shaped passivation structure with a passivation width b, and the passivation width a of the main edge is greater than the passivation width b at the chamfering of the knife tip.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) It combines the drill bit and the milling cutter into one tool, that is, the drill head of the first cylinder can satisfy the axial drilling, and the milling cutter part of the second cylinder can meet the function of radial milling, so that one-time processing can Forming the waist-shaped hole, it can greatly improve the processing efficiency and reduce the tool cost;

(2) The main chip removal groove can ensure sufficient chip removal space, and the second cylinder is equipped with a chip removal main groove and a chip removal auxiliary groove at the same time, and the core thickness of the chip removal main groove and the chip removal auxiliary groove is different. In this way, the number of milling edges can be increased, and the processing efficiency can be further improved;

(3) The included angle formed by the rake faces of the two second peripheral edges on the second cylinder along the counterclockwise direction and the line connecting the tips of the two first peripheral edges and The angles are not equal, that is, the cutting edge adopts an unequal design, so that it can generate alternating cutting frequency during cutting, so that it is not easy to resonate with the machine tool, and then effectively suppress the tool vibration during milling, avoiding tool vibration. Vibration damage to the tool greatly improves the service life of the tool and further reduces the cost of the tool;

(4) There is a squeeze land on the second peripheral edge of the second cylinder, so it can effectively improve the vertical lines on the surface of the hole wall, and the flank surface of the second peripheral edge adopts a multi-cutter design, which can effectively improve the cutting edge. Strength, thereby effectively improving the processing quality;

(5) The plane passivation width of the main edge of the first cylinder is not equal to the arc passivation width at the chamfer of the tool tip, which can ensure the strength of the main edge without weakening the sharpness of the tool tip, thereby effectively reducing the Orifice burrs further guarantee the processing quality.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of a step drill milling cutter for processing waist-shaped holes of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged cross-sectional structure along the direction of A-A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of enlarged structure at I place among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the first cylindrical part in a stepped drill and milling cutter for processing waist-shaped holes of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure along B-B in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along C-C in Fig. 4 .

Reference signs: 10-knife handle, 20-knife body, 21-first cylinder, 211-edge, 212-knife tip chamfering, 22-second cylinder, 221-first week edge, 222-second week Edge, 2221-first flank, 2222-second flank, 2223-third flank, 31-chip removal main groove, 32-chip removal auxiliary groove.

Detailed ways

See Fig. 1, a kind of utility model is used for processing the stepped drill milling cutter of waist-shaped hole, and it comprises the tool handle 10 that diameter is D3 and the cutter body 20 that is coaxially arranged at the front end of tool handle 10, and cutter body 20 includes from forward The first cylinder 21 and the second cylinder 22 that are concentrically connected into one body, the diameter D1 of the first cylinder 21 is smaller than the diameter D2 of the second cylinder 222, the first cylinder 21 is a drill head, the second cylinder 22 is a milling cutter portion, and the second cylinder 22 is a milling cutter. A cylinder 21 is provided with two helical main chip removal grooves 31 extending axially so as to form two edges 211 on the first cylinder, and the two main chip removal grooves 31 on the first cylinder 21 extend along the trend To the second cylinder 22, the second cylinder 22 is provided with two helical chip removal auxiliary grooves 32 and the two chip removal main grooves 31 and the two chip removal auxiliary grooves 32 on the second cylinder 22 are set at intervals along the circumferential direction The outer periphery of the second cylinder 22 is spaced to form a first peripheral cutting edge 221 and a second peripheral cutting edge 222; in this embodiment, the two secondary flutes 32 extend forward to the first cylinder 21 in a spiral manner, serving as the second peripheral cutting edge of the drill head. Only two edges 16 on a cylinder 21 participate in cutting as cutting edges, and the two first peripheral edges 221 and two second peripheral edges 222 on the second cylinder 22 as the milling cutter portion all participate in cutting as cutting edges. Thereby, processing efficiency can be improved.

As shown in Fig. 2, the core thickness of the two chip removal main flutes 31 on the second cylinder 22 is d1 = 0.25D1-0.35D1, which can ensure the smooth discharge of a large amount of iron chips when the drill bit of the first cylinder is cutting; the two chip removal grooves The core thickness d2 of the auxiliary groove 32 = 0.55D2 ~ 0.65D2, and d1 < d2, can increase the rigidity of the tool; in actual production applications, different core thicknesses can be selected according to different diameters and manufacturing difficulties to adapt to different processing materials and working conditions.

As shown in Fig. 2, the rake faces of the two second peripheral edges 222 on the second cylinder 22 form an included angle with the line connecting the tips of the two first peripheral edges 221 in the counterclockwise direction. and and The following conditions Thereby forming the unequal design of the milling peripheral edge of the second cylinder 22, and The difference between the two included angles can be adjusted according to different diameters and tooth widths.

See Fig. 3, the edge back of the second peripheral edge 222 on the second cylinder 22 is provided with a first flank 2221, a second flank 2222 and a third flank 2223 connected in sequence, the first flank 2221 is a squeeze land and the width d3 of the squeeze land is 0.02-0.08mm. The vibration pattern of the hole wall can be effectively improved by setting the squeeze land; The angle range is 2°～5°; the relief angle α is designed with a small relief angle, which can effectively increase the edge wedge angle and improve the edge strength; the relief angle of the second flank 2222 and the third flank 2223 depends on the material characteristics to select.

See Fig. 4, the front end of the edge 211 of the first cylinder 21 is provided with a tool tip chamfer 212, and the transition between the two edges 211 of the first cylinder 21 and the cutting edge of the main edge formed by the front surface adopts a passivation width of The planar passivation structure of a, see Fig. 5, it can shovel and solve the defect of the microscopic gap of the tool edge after sharpening. In Fig. 5, the E surface is the rake face, and the F face is the flank face; The arc-shaped passivation structure with passivation width b, as shown in Figure 6, and the passivation width a of the main edge is greater than the passivation width b at the chamfer of the tool tip, which can ensure the strength of the main edge without weakening the tool tip Sharpness can effectively reduce orifice burrs; the passivation width a and b can be adjusted according to the material of the processed part and the feed rate.

The specific implementation of the utility model has been described in detail above, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model creation, and cannot be considered as limiting the implementation scope of the utility model creation. All equal changes and improvements made according to the invention scope of the utility model should still belong to the scope covered by the patent of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of ladder drill mill for processing kidney slot comprising handle of a knife (10) and the same knife for being located in the handle of a knife front end Body (20), it is characterised in that：The cutter hub (20) includes the first cylinder (21) and second to link into an integrated entity with one heart from front to back Cylinder (22), the diameter D1 of first cylinder (21) are less than the diameter D2 of second cylinder (22), first cylinder (21) it is bit head, second cylinder (22) is milling cutter portion, and offering two on first cylinder (21) axially extends Spiral chip removal major trough (31) to form two seamed edges (211) on the first cylinder, and on first cylinder (21) Two chip removal major troughs (31) take advantage of a situation and extend to second cylinder (22), second cylinder (22) is equipped with two spiral shapes Chip removal pair slot (32) and second cylinder (22) on two chip removal major troughs (31) and two chip removal pair slots (32) circumferentially Interval opens up so that the outer weekly interval of second cylinder (22) forms first week sword (221), second week sword (222).

2. a kind of ladder drill mill for processing kidney slot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Second circle Core the thickness d1=0.25D1~0.35D1, the core thickness d2=of two chip removal pairs slot (32) of two chip removal major troughs (31) on column 0.55D2~0.65D2, and d1 ＜ d2.

3. a kind of ladder drill mill for processing kidney slot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Second circle The rake face of upper two of column (22) the second week sword (222) respectively in the counterclockwise direction with two first week sword (221) knife The line of point forms angleWith WithMeet the following conditionsAnd two angle differential seat angle

4. a kind of ladder drill mill for processing kidney slot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The second week The land of sword (222) is equipped with sequentially connected major first flank (2221), the second flank (2222) and third flank (2223), the major first flank (2221) is burnishing-in land and burnishing-in margin width d3 is 0.02~0.08mm, described first The angular range for the relief angle α that flank (2221) is formed with tangent line at cylinder cutting edge is 2 °~5 °.

5. a kind of ladder drill mill for processing kidney slot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First circle Seamed edge (211) front end of column (21) is equipped with point of a knife chamfering (212), two seamed edges (211) of first cylinder (21) and front end Use passivation width for the coplanar passivation structure of a at the switching of the cutting edge for the main sword that face is formed, the point of a knife chamfering (212) uses It is passivated the arc surface formula passivating structure that width is b, and main sword passivation width a is more than passivation width b at point of a knife chamfering.