CN207635639U - A kind of electric vehicle carbon dioxide heat-pump air-conditioning system - Google Patents
A kind of electric vehicle carbon dioxide heat-pump air-conditioning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN207635639U CN207635639U CN201721590279.9U CN201721590279U CN207635639U CN 207635639 U CN207635639 U CN 207635639U CN 201721590279 U CN201721590279 U CN 201721590279U CN 207635639 U CN207635639 U CN 207635639U
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 claims 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
本实用新型涉及车用空调技术领域，特别涉及一种二氧化碳热泵空调系统。一种电动汽车二氧化碳热泵空调系统，它具有制冷、制热两种工作模式；组成包括：压缩机、车室内换热器、中间换热器、车室外换热器以及气液分离器，该系统内的工质为二氧化碳；其中：所述中间换热器为套管式换热器，包括内管和外管，内管内为高温、高压热流，外管内为低温、低压冷流；本实用新型使用二氧化碳作为工质，环保，减缓了温室效应；本实用新型中所采用的中间换热器为套管式换热器，降低了平均放热温度，提高了平均吸热温度，使整个空调系统的功耗减少，制热效率增大。
The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle air conditioners, in particular to a carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner system. A carbon dioxide heat pump air-conditioning system for an electric vehicle, which has two working modes of cooling and heating; its components include: a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an intermediate heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a gas-liquid separator. The working fluid inside is carbon dioxide; wherein: the intermediate heat exchanger is a casing heat exchanger, including an inner tube and an outer tube, the inner tube is a high-temperature, high-pressure heat flow, and the outer tube is a low-temperature, low-pressure cold flow; the utility model Using carbon dioxide as a working medium is environmentally friendly and slows down the greenhouse effect; the intermediate heat exchanger adopted in the utility model is a casing heat exchanger, which reduces the average heat release temperature and increases the average heat absorption temperature, making the entire air conditioning system The power consumption is reduced and the heating efficiency is increased.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及车用空调技术领域，特别涉及一种二氧化碳热泵空调系统。The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle air conditioners, in particular to a carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner system.
背景技术Background technique
随着国家对于新能源汽车的重视，现在纯电动汽车的市场占有率逐年提高，已成为未来汽车的发展方向。但纯电动汽车没有传统燃油汽车的发动机余热可以利用，制热时只能依靠空调或者PTC制热。由于PTC对电动汽车的续航里程影响较大，故热泵空调正在逐渐得到应用。With the country's emphasis on new energy vehicles, the market share of pure electric vehicles has increased year by year, and it has become the development direction of future vehicles. However, pure electric vehicles do not have the engine waste heat of traditional fuel vehicles to use, and can only rely on air conditioning or PTC heating for heating. Since PTC has a greater impact on the cruising range of electric vehicles, heat pump air conditioners are gradually being used.
目前汽车空调系统的制冷剂主要为HFC-134a，虽然其ODP(臭氧消耗潜能)为零，但其GWP(全球变暖潜能值)高达1300。二氧化碳作为自然工质，其GWP仅为1，无毒不可燃，是未来理想制冷剂。At present, the refrigerant in automotive air-conditioning systems is mainly HFC-134a. Although its ODP (Ozone Depletion Potential) is zero, its GWP (Global Warming Potential) is as high as 1300. As a natural working medium, carbon dioxide has a GWP of only 1, is non-toxic and non-flammable, and is an ideal refrigerant in the future.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的是：提供一种能在纯电动汽车上实现制冷以及制热模式，同时所使用的工质为二氧化碳，对环境无污染的电动汽车二氧化碳热泵空调系统。The purpose of this utility model is to provide a carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioning system for electric vehicles that can realize refrigeration and heating modes on pure electric vehicles, and uses carbon dioxide as a working medium, and has no pollution to the environment.
本实用新型的技术方案是：一种电动汽车二氧化碳热泵空调系统：包括：压缩机、车室内换热器、中间换热器、车室外换热器以及装有二氧化碳的气液分离器；系统内的工质为二氧化碳；The technical solution of the utility model is: a carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioning system for an electric vehicle: comprising: a compressor, a heat exchanger inside the vehicle, an intermediate heat exchanger, an external heat exchanger outside the vehicle, and a gas-liquid separator equipped with carbon dioxide; The working medium is carbon dioxide;
所述中间换热器为套管式换热器，包括内管和外管；The intermediate heat exchanger is a casing heat exchanger, including an inner tube and an outer tube;
整体连接关系为：所述压缩机的进口与所述气液分离器相连，排气口与四通换向阀的A口相连；所述四通换向阀的D口与所述气液分离器相通；所述四通换向阀的B口与第一三通阀的A口连接，所述第一三通阀的B口与所述车室内换热器的一端连接；The overall connection relationship is: the inlet of the compressor is connected to the gas-liquid separator, the exhaust port is connected to the A port of the four-way reversing valve; the D port of the four-way reversing valve is separated from the gas-liquid The B port of the four-way reversing valve is connected with the A port of the first three-way valve, and the B port of the first three-way valve is connected with one end of the heat exchanger in the vehicle interior;
第一单向阀和第二单向阀并联后一端与所述车室内换热器相连，另一端与接入所述中间换热器的内管入口，其中所述第一单向阀的进水口与所述中间换热器相连，所述第二单向阀的进水口与所述车室内换热器相连；After the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the heat exchanger in the vehicle interior, and the other end is connected to the inner pipe inlet of the intermediate heat exchanger, wherein the inlet of the first one-way valve The water port is connected to the intermediate heat exchanger, and the water inlet of the second check valve is connected to the vehicle interior heat exchanger;
第四单向阀和第三单向阀并联后一端与所述中间换热器的内管出口相连，另一端与所述车室外换热器的一端相连，其中所述第四单向阀的进水口与所述中间换热器相连，所述第三单向阀的进水口与所述车室外换热器相连；After the fourth one-way valve and the third one-way valve are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the outlet of the inner pipe of the intermediate heat exchanger, and the other end is connected to one end of the vehicle outdoor heat exchanger, wherein the fourth one-way valve The water inlet is connected to the intermediate heat exchanger, and the water inlet of the third check valve is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger;
所述车室外换热器的另一端分为两路，一路与第二三通阀的A口相连，另一路与第三三通阀的B口相连；所述第二三通阀的B口接入中间换热器外管一端，所述第二三通阀的C口接入第一三通阀的A口与四通换向阀的B口之间的管路；所述第三三通阀的C口与四通换向阀的C口相连，所述第三三通阀的A口与所述第一三通阀C口均接入中间换热器外管的另一端。The other end of the outdoor heat exchanger of the vehicle is divided into two circuits, one of which is connected to the A port of the second three-way valve, and the other is connected to the B port of the third three-way valve; the B port of the second three-way valve Connect to one end of the outer pipe of the intermediate heat exchanger, and the C port of the second three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the A port of the first three-way valve and the B port of the four-way reversing valve; Port C of the one-way valve is connected to port C of the four-way reversing valve, and port A of the third three-way valve and port C of the first three-way valve are connected to the other end of the outer pipe of the intermediate heat exchanger.
在所述第一单向阀所在并联分支上设置有第一电子膨胀阀和第一压力传感器，通过所述第一压力传感器所检测的压力值调节所述第一电子膨胀阀的开口大小；A first electronic expansion valve and a first pressure sensor are arranged on the parallel branch where the first one-way valve is located, and the opening size of the first electronic expansion valve is adjusted by the pressure value detected by the first pressure sensor;
在所述第四单向阀所在并联分支上设置有第二电子膨胀和第二压力传感器，通过所述第二压力传感器所检测的压力值调节所述第二电子膨胀的开口大小。A second electronic expansion and a second pressure sensor are arranged on the parallel branch where the fourth one-way valve is located, and the opening size of the second electronic expansion is adjusted by the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor.
有益效果：Beneficial effect:
本实用新型使用二氧化碳作为工质，环保，减缓了温室效应；本实用新型中所采用的中间换热器为套管式换热器，降低了平均放热温度，提高了平均吸热温度，使整个空调系统的功耗减少，制热效率增大。The utility model uses carbon dioxide as a working medium, which is environmentally friendly and slows down the greenhouse effect; the intermediate heat exchanger adopted in the utility model is a casing heat exchanger, which reduces the average heat release temperature and increases the average heat absorption temperature, so that The power consumption of the whole air conditioning system is reduced and the heating efficiency is increased.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图并举实施例，对本实用新型进行详细描述。The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
参见附图1，一种电动汽车二氧化碳热泵空调系统，包括：压缩机1、车室内换热器4、中间换热器8、车室外换热器12以及装有气液分离器15，该系统采用二氧化碳作为工质。Referring to accompanying drawing 1, a kind of carbon dioxide heat pump air-conditioning system of electric vehicle comprises: compressor 1, interior heat exchanger 4, intermediate heat exchanger 8, exterior heat exchanger 12 and is equipped with gas-liquid separator 15, and this system Carbon dioxide is used as the working medium.
中间换热器8为套管式换热器，包括内管和外管，内管内为高温、高压热流，外管内为低温、低压冷流；在制冷及制热两种模式下，中间换热器8的内管、外管中的流体流动方向相反。The intermediate heat exchanger 8 is a casing heat exchanger, including an inner tube and an outer tube. The inner tube is a high-temperature, high-pressure heat flow, and the outer tube is a low-temperature, low-pressure cold flow; in the two modes of cooling and heating, the intermediate heat exchange The fluid flow directions in the inner tube and the outer tube of the device 8 are opposite.
整体连接关系为：压缩机1的进口与气液分离器15相连，排气口与四通换向阀2的A口相连；四通换向阀2的D口与气液分离器15相通；四通换向阀2的B口与第一三通阀3的A口连接，第一三通阀3的B口与车室内换热器4的一端连接。The overall connection relationship is: the inlet of the compressor 1 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 15, the exhaust port is connected to the A port of the four-way reversing valve 2; the D port of the four-way reversing valve 2 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 15; Port B of the four-way reversing valve 2 is connected to port A of the first three-way valve 3 , and port B of the first three-way valve 3 is connected to one end of the heat exchanger 4 in the vehicle interior.
第一单向阀6和第二单向阀7并联后一端与车室内换热器4相连，另一端与接入中间换热器8内管入口，其中在第一单向阀6所在并联分支上设置有第一电子膨胀阀5，第一单向阀6的进水口与中间换热器8相连，第二单向阀7的进水口与车室内换热器4相连。After the first one-way valve 6 and the second one-way valve 7 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the heat exchanger 4 inside the vehicle, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the inner pipe of the intermediate heat exchanger 8, wherein the parallel branch where the first one-way valve 6 is located The first electronic expansion valve 5 is arranged on it, the water inlet of the first one-way valve 6 is connected with the intermediate heat exchanger 8 , and the water inlet of the second one-way valve 7 is connected with the heat exchanger 4 inside the vehicle.
第四单向阀11和第三单向阀9并联后一端与中间换热器8的内管出口相连，另一端与车室外换热器12的一端相连，其中在第四单向阀11所在并联分支上设置有第二电子膨胀阀10，第四单向阀11的进水口与中间换热器8相连，第三单向阀9的进水口与车室外换热器12相连。After the fourth one-way valve 11 and the third one-way valve 9 are connected in parallel, one end is connected with the outlet of the inner pipe of the intermediate heat exchanger 8, and the other end is connected with one end of the outdoor heat exchanger 12, where the fourth one-way valve 11 is located. The parallel branch is provided with a second electronic expansion valve 10 , the water inlet of the fourth one-way valve 11 is connected with the intermediate heat exchanger 8 , and the water inlet of the third one-way valve 9 is connected with the outdoor heat exchanger 12 .
车室外换热器12的另一端分为两路，一路与第二三通阀13的A口相连，另一路与第三三通阀14的B口相连。第二三通阀13的B口接入中间换热器8外管一端，第二三通阀13的C口接入第一三通阀3的A口与四通换向阀2的B口之间的管路；第三三通阀14的C口与四通换向阀2的C口相连，第三三通阀14的A口与第一三通阀3C口均接入中间换热器8外管的另一端。The other end of the heat exchanger 12 outside the vehicle is divided into two circuits, one of which is connected with the A port of the second three-way valve 13, and the other is connected with the B port of the third three-way valve 14. Port B of the second three-way valve 13 is connected to one end of the outer pipe of the intermediate heat exchanger 8, port C of the second three-way valve 13 is connected to port A of the first three-way valve 3 and port B of the four-way reversing valve 2 The pipeline between; the C port of the third three-way valve 14 is connected to the C port of the four-way reversing valve 2, and the A port of the third three-way valve 14 and the first three-way valve 3C port are connected to the intermediate heat exchange The other end of the outer tube of device 8.
制热模式时：In heating mode:
四通换向阀2的A口与B口相通，C口和D口相通；第一三通阀3的A口与B口相通；第二三通阀13的A口与B口相通；第三三通阀14的A口与C口相通；气液分离器15内的二氧化碳气体经压缩机1增压升温后处于超临界状态，处于超临界状态的二氧化碳气体依次通过四通换向阀2的A口与B口、第一三通阀3的A口与B口进入车室内换热器4，对车室内散热，之后成为中温高压的二氧化碳经第二单向阀7进入中间换热器8的内管与中间换热器8的外管进行热交换，之后经第二电子膨胀阀10节流降压后变为低温低压气液混合物，低温低压气液混合物经过第四单向阀11进入车室外换热器12从车室外环境中吸热，吸热后，二氧化碳经第二三通阀13的A口与B口进入中间换热器8的外管与中间换热器8的内管中的中温高压的二氧化碳进行换热，再次吸热后的二氧化碳经第三三通阀14的A口与C口、四通换向阀2的C口与D口返回气液分离器15。Port A of the four-way reversing valve 2 communicates with port B, and port C communicates with port D; port A of the first three-way valve 3 communicates with port B; port A of the second three-way valve 13 communicates with port B; port A of the second three-way valve 13 communicates with port B; Port A of the three-way valve 14 communicates with port C; the carbon dioxide gas in the gas-liquid separator 15 is in a supercritical state after being pressurized and heated by the compressor 1, and the carbon dioxide gas in the supercritical state passes through the four-way reversing valve 2 sequentially The A port and B port of the first three-way valve 3 and the A port and B port of the first three-way valve 3 enter the vehicle interior heat exchanger 4 to dissipate heat in the vehicle interior, and then the medium-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide enters the intermediate heat exchanger through the second one-way valve 7 The inner pipe of 8 exchanges heat with the outer pipe of the intermediate heat exchanger 8, and then becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture after throttling and reducing pressure through the second electronic expansion valve 10, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture passes through the fourth one-way valve 11 Entering the outdoor heat exchanger 12 to absorb heat from the outdoor environment of the vehicle, after absorbing heat, carbon dioxide enters the outer pipe of the intermediate heat exchanger 8 and the inner pipe of the intermediate heat exchanger 8 through the A port and the B port of the second three-way valve 13. The medium-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide in the tube performs heat exchange, and the carbon dioxide after absorbing heat again returns to the gas-liquid separator 15 through ports A and C of the third three-way valve 14 and ports C and D of the four-way reversing valve 2 .
制冷模式时：In cooling mode:
四通换向阀2的A口与C口相通，B口与D口相通；第三三通阀14的B口与C口相通；第一三通阀3的B口与C口相通；第二三通阀13的B口与C口相通；气液分离器15内的二氧化碳气体经压缩机1增压升温后处于超临界状态，处于超临界状态的二氧化碳气体依次通过四通换向阀2的A口与C口、第三三通阀14的C口与B口进入车室外换热器12，与外界冷空气进行换热，然后经第三单向阀9进入中间换热器8的内管与中间换热器8的外管进行换热，之后通过第一单向阀6、第一电子膨胀阀5节流降压后进入车室内换热器4，从车室内吸热，再经过第一三通阀3进入中间换热器8的外管，与中间换热器8内管中的二氧化碳进行换热，最后经过第三三通阀14、四通换向阀2的B口与D口返回气液分离器15。Port A of the four-way reversing valve 2 communicates with port C, and port B communicates with port D; port B of the third three-way valve 14 communicates with port C; port B of the first three-way valve 3 communicates with port C; Port B of the two-way valve 13 communicates with port C; the carbon dioxide gas in the gas-liquid separator 15 is in a supercritical state after being pressurized and heated by the compressor 1, and the carbon dioxide gas in the supercritical state passes through the four-way reversing valve 2 sequentially A port and C port of the third three-way valve 14, and C port and B port of the third three-way valve 14 enter the outdoor heat exchanger 12, exchange heat with the outside cold air, and then enter the intermediate heat exchanger 8 through the third one-way valve 9 The inner pipe exchanges heat with the outer pipe of the intermediate heat exchanger 8, and then passes through the first check valve 6 and the first electronic expansion valve 5 to throttle and reduce pressure, then enters the heat exchanger 4 in the vehicle interior, absorbs heat from the interior of the vehicle, and then Enter the outer pipe of the intermediate heat exchanger 8 through the first three-way valve 3, exchange heat with the carbon dioxide in the inner pipe of the intermediate heat exchanger 8, and finally pass through the third three-way valve 14 and the B port of the four-way reversing valve 2 Return the gas-liquid separator 15 with port D.
上述两种工作模式中：由于压缩机1的作用，使二氧化碳在压缩机1出口的状态为超临界状态，由此二氧化碳从压缩机1出口进入的第一个换热器进行换热之后仍然为气体，并不会发生相变，系统为超临界循环。In the above two working modes: due to the action of the compressor 1, the state of the carbon dioxide at the outlet of the compressor 1 is in a supercritical state, so that the first heat exchanger where the carbon dioxide enters from the outlet of the compressor 1 is still in a supercritical state after heat exchange. The gas does not undergo a phase change, and the system is a supercritical cycle.
进一步的，在车室内换热器4与第一电子膨胀阀5之间的管路上设有压力传感器，在中间换热器8与第二电子膨胀阀10之间的管路上设有压力传感器；压力传感器用于检测管路中的压力，防止系统内压力过高。当压力传感器检测到系统内压力高于所允许的最高压力时，第一电子膨胀阀5或者第二电子膨胀阀10的开口的截面积增大，同时压缩机1转速降低，降低系统内压力。Further, a pressure sensor is provided on the pipeline between the vehicle interior heat exchanger 4 and the first electronic expansion valve 5, and a pressure sensor is provided on the pipeline between the intermediate heat exchanger 8 and the second electronic expansion valve 10; The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure in the pipeline to prevent the pressure in the system from being too high. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the system is higher than the allowable maximum pressure, the cross-sectional area of the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 5 or the second electronic expansion valve 10 increases, and at the same time the speed of the compressor 1 decreases to reduce the pressure in the system.
综上，以上仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本实用新型的保护范围。凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。To sum up, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
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| CN107990581A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-04 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of electric automobile carbon dioxide heat-pump air-conditioning system |
| CN110715477A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-01-21 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Compressed air heat exchange system |
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| CN107990581A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-04 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of electric automobile carbon dioxide heat-pump air-conditioning system |
| CN110715477A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-01-21 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Compressed air heat exchange system |
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