CN207602597U - Solar cell module - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a solar cell assembly, which comprises a plurality of interconnected solar cells and a back plate supporting the solar cells. There are gaps between the plurality of solar cells; A black film on the substrate corresponding to the gap and a reflective area located between the black film, the solar cells are located on the upper part of the reflective area. The solar battery module of the utility model, on the one hand, reflects light to the solar battery sheet through the reflective area, improves its light energy utilization rate, and at the same time greatly reduces the photothermal effect of the back plate, and lowers the temperature of the module; on the other hand, it passes through the The black film corresponds to the gaps between the solar cell sheets and is exposed through the gaps, so that the overall appearance of the solar cell module can be black without using a completely black back sheet, thereby avoiding the need for a completely black back sheet. The temperature rise caused by the plate absorbing light from all directions.

Description

solar cell module

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a black solar cell assembly which can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells and reduce the temperature coefficient and working temperature.

Background technique

As shown in Figure 1, a conventional solar cell module 100', which uses a laminator to combine a back sheet 1', a first encapsulant film 2', a solar cell sheet 3', a second encapsulant film 4' and a transparent cover 5' laminated to one piece. Among them, the solar cell sheet 3', as a core component, has a decisive influence on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell module 100', and the back sheet 1', as a very important component, has a great influence on the photoelectric conversion efficiency and working efficiency of the solar cell module 100'. Temperature etc. have a certain influence.

With the rapid development of distributed photovoltaics, the output and requirements of photovoltaic modules suitable for roof installation are getting higher and higher, and black solar cell modules made of black backplane, black cells and black frames meet the needs of the majority of home users. Appearance requirements. Among them, the back plate 1' is black on both sides, and the low reflectivity to light makes the light utilization rate of the solar cell 3' low, and the heat dissipation of the back plate is poor, resulting in the photoelectric conversion efficiency and operating temperature of the solar cell module 100' It is greatly affected; the solar cell 3' basically uses the conventional single-sided light-receiving single crystal or polycrystalline cell shown in Figure 2, and its all-aluminum back field is not conducive to the penetration of front light and the absorption of back reflected light. The utilization rate of light is low.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved solar cell module to solve the above problems.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a black solar battery module which can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar battery sheet and reduce the temperature coefficient and working temperature.

In order to achieve the purpose of the above-mentioned utility model, the utility model provides a solar cell assembly, which includes a plurality of interconnected solar cells and a back plate supporting the solar cells, and there are gaps between the plurality of solar cells; its features That is: the backplane includes a substrate, a black film disposed on the substrate and corresponding to the gap, and a reflective area between the black films, and the solar cells are located above the reflective area.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the substrate is a white plate, and the reflective area is the white plate between the black coatings.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the substrate is a transparent plate or a white plate, and the reflective area is a reflective coating provided on the substrate.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the reflective coating is white.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the thickness of the black film is between 10 μm and 50 μm.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the black film is a black coating coated on the substrate or a black adhesive tape pasted on the substrate.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the thickness of the reflective coating is between 10 μm and 50 μm.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the solar cells are double-sided PERC cells.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the side of the PERC solar cell near the back plate has several aluminum grid lines, and there are gaps between the several aluminum grid lines for light to pass through; through the gaps or the solar cells The light passing through the gaps between the cells is reflected by the reflective area or the black coating, and passes through the gaps to be used by the cells again.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the solar cells are single-sided light-receiving cells.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the solar battery module of the utility model, on the one hand, reflects light to the solar battery sheet through the reflective area, improves its light energy utilization rate, and at the same time greatly reduces the photothermal effect of the back plate, and lowers the temperature of the module; On the other hand, the black film corresponds to the gaps between several solar cells and is exposed through the gaps, so that the overall appearance of the solar cell module can be made without using a completely black back sheet. Black, so as to avoid the temperature rise caused by the all-black backplane absorbing light from all directions.

Description of drawings

1 is an exploded schematic view of a conventional solar cell module;

Fig. 2 is a rear view of the solar battery sheet in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of the side of the back plate facing the solar cells of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a backboard in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell assembly of the present utility model adopting a single-sided light-receiving cell sheet, and the arrow in the figure indicates the propagation direction of the light;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the side of the solar battery sheet facing the back plate of the present invention;

Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the circled area in Figure 6;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module of the present invention adopting double-sided light-receiving PERC cells, and the arrows in the figure indicate the direction of light propagation.

specific embodiment

The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, these embodiments do not limit the present utility model, and any structural or functional changes made by those skilled in the art according to these embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Please refer to Fig. 3 to Fig. 8, the solar cell module of the present utility model includes a back plate 1, a first encapsulation film 2, a plurality of solar cell sheets 3 arranged at intervals, a second encapsulation film 4, and a transparent cover plate 5 and frame (not shown). There are gaps between several solar cells 3 .

The backplane 1 includes a substrate 15 , a black film 11 disposed on the substrate 15 and corresponding to the gap, and a reflective area 13 between the black films 11 . The reflective area 13 is in one-to-one correspondence with the shapes of several solar cells 3, and several of the solar cells 3 are correspondingly located on the upper part of the reflective area 13, and the reflective area 13 reflects light to the solar cell 3, improving Its light energy utilization rate greatly reduces the photothermal effect of the backplane 1 and lowers the temperature of the components; the black film 11 corresponds to the gaps between the solar cells 3 and is exposed through the gaps, without The use of the all-black backsheet can make the overall appearance of the solar cell module black, thereby avoiding the temperature rise caused by the all-black backsheet absorbing light from all directions.

As shown in Figures 3, 5 and 8, in one of the embodiments, the substrate 15 is a white plate, and the reflective area 13 is the white plate located between the black coatings 11, that is, the black plate is not provided. The white sheet material of the coating film 11 constitutes the reflective area 13 . The preparation method of the back sheet 1 is as follows: provide a white plate as the substrate 15, carry out patterned composition design according to the shape, spacing and string spacing of the solar cells 3, and set the corresponding gaps between the solar cells 3. The above-mentioned black film 11 forms the back plate 1 .

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in another embodiment, the substrate 15 is a transparent plate or a white plate, and the reflective area 13 is a reflective coating arranged on the substrate 15; the reflective coating can be Pasted white tape, the reflective coating can also be a white coating sprayed by spraying equipment. The preparation method of the back sheet 1 is as follows: provide a transparent board or a white board as the substrate 15, carry out patterned composition design according to the shape, spacing and string spacing of the solar cells 3, and place the corresponding position of the solar cells 3 A reflective coating is provided at the position, and the black coating film 11 is provided at the gap corresponding to the solar cells 3 . The thickness of the reflective coating is preferably between 10 μm and 50 μm. This is because if the reflective coating is too thin, the reflective effect will be poor; if the luminous coating is too thick, the cost will increase, and the thickness uniformity is difficult to control.

In the above two embodiments of the backplane 1 , the black coating 11 can be a black coating sprayed by spraying equipment or a black adhesive tape pasted on it. The thickness of the black film 11 is preferably between 10 μm and 50 μm. If the black coating 11 is too thin, it will bring great difficulties to processes such as spraying and pasting; and on a white plate, if the black coating 11 is too thin, the black effect will not be too good; If it is too thick, the cost will increase on the one hand, and the uniformity of thickness will be difficult to control on the other hand; If 11 is too thick, it will make the side of the backsheet 1 facing the solar battery sheet 3 have a more obvious height-to-bottom difference, which may cause more cracks when the solar battery sheet 3 is laid.

In addition, the above-mentioned black film and reflective coating are highly reflective coatings with reflective fillers, which can reduce the light absorption of the back sheet 1, increase the reflectivity of light, and further improve the absorption of reflected light by the solar cells 3. Among them, the highly reflective black coating is preferably prepared by mixing carbon black fillers and reflective fillers with polyolefin substrates, and the highly reflective white coating is preferably prepared by mixing reflective fillers with polyolefin substrates, and the reflective fillers can be carbon dioxide and the like.

In addition, the back plate 1 can also be filled with thermal conductivity additives. On the one hand, its thermal conductivity can be greatly improved, and the heat generated by the operation of the solar cells 3 can be quickly conducted, thereby reducing the operating temperature of the solar cells 3. ; On the other hand, it has a lower temperature coefficient, and when the solar cell module rises to the same temperature, the power loss is smaller. The thermal conduction aid may be one or more of nano-metal materials such as nano-metal particles, nano-metal wires, nano-metal tubes, and nano-metal sheets.

When the above-mentioned backboard 1 is a white board, it can be: (1) KPC composite board: PVDF fluorine film + PET board + white Coating coating composite backboard; (2) TPC composite board: PVF fluorine film + PET board + White Coating composite backboard; (3) PPC composite board: PET+PET+ white Coating composite backboard; (4) CPC composite board: Coating coating + PET+ white Coating composite backboard. At the same time, the above-mentioned thermal conductivity additive with high thermal conductivity can be mixed in the composite backplane.

The solar cell 3 of the present invention can be a cell 30 receiving light on one side, or a PERC (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) cell 32 receiving light on both sides.

FIG. 5 illustrates a light diagram when the battery sheet is a single-side light-receiving battery sheet 30, and the battery sheet 30 mainly receives light through the front side. Its back is an all-aluminum back field, which will block most of the light from penetrating. Only the light in the infrared band can penetrate the aluminum back field, and then reach the aluminum back field after being reflected by the reflective area 13. This part of the infrared band light After reflection, it will attenuate, only a small part of the light will be received by the cell, and most of it will be blocked by the all-aluminum back field, and the light will not be maximized.

When the cell 3 is a PERC cell 32 receiving light on both sides, as shown in Figure 6-8, the light can be received not only by the front side but also by the back side of the PERC cell 32. The side of the PERC battery sheet 32 close to the back plate 1 has several aluminum grid lines 31, and there is no aluminum back field at the several gaps 33 between the aluminum grid lines 31, and the light can pass through the PERC battery sheet through the gaps 33 32, and then pass through the gaps 33 between the aluminum grid lines 31 through the reflection of the reflective area 13 and be received and utilized by the PERC battery sheet 32 again. At the same time, part of the light passing through the gaps between the PERC cells 32 will reach the back of the PERC cells 32 again after being reflected by the black film 11 at the corresponding position on the back plate, and pass through several gaps 33 between the aluminum grid lines 31 again. It is received and utilized by PERC cells 32. When the cell 3 is a PERC cell 32 receiving light on both sides, the light from the front of the solar cell module 100 can be received by the cell 3 , and at the same time, the light reflected by the reflective area 13 and the black coating 11 will pass through the cell 3 The gap 33 on the back reaches the solar battery sheet 3 and is also utilized to improve its light utilization efficiency.

Under the same conditions, choose the solar cell module of the present utility model and totally 5 groups of samples with the conventional black solar cell module with the backboard of all black, compare as follows:

In the laminated backplane, the reflectivity of the black backplane N (black) = 2% to 4%, the reflectivity of the white backplane is N (white) = 50% to 80%, and the working temperature of the all black backplane assembly At T (black) = 60°C to 80°C. The area ratio of the reflective area 13 of the present utility model is n=85%～95%, so the reflectivity of the backboard 1 of the present utility model after lamination is about N=45%～80%, and the temperature of the backplane 1 is mainly The heat from the conversion of light, T*N≈T(black)*N(black), so the temperature of the solar cell module of the present utility model is about T≈35℃～55℃, compared with the components of the completely black backplane , the temperature is reduced by about 10-50%; please refer to Table 1 for specific sample value collection.

Table 1 The working temperature comparison of the utility model solar cell assembly and the conventional black solar cell assembly

The solar battery module of the utility model/°C Conventional black solar cell module/°C sample 1 45 78 sample 2 43 76 sample 3 48 73 Sample 4 46 75 Sample 5 45 74

Conventional black solar cell modules using single-sided light-receiving cells are calculated at 300W. If the preferred embodiment of the utility model is used, the black solar module with double-sided PERC cells 32 will be used, because the back of the double-sided PERC cells 32 will have about 5% light reinforcement, and then consider the advantages of the temperature of the aforementioned components, based on Every time the temperature of the module is lowered by 1°C, the power is increased by about 1W. Therefore, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power of the black solar module using double-sided PERC cells 32 will be increased by about 5% to 55%, as shown in Table 2. shown.

Table 2 The preferred embodiment of the utility model adopts double-sided PERC cells (hereinafter referred to as the preferred embodiment of the utility model)

Components) power comparison of black solar cell modules and conventional black solar cell modules

To sum up, the solar cell module 100 of the present utility model, on the one hand, corresponds to the gaps between the solar cells 3 through the black film 11 and exposes to the outside through the gaps, without using a completely black The back sheet 1 can make the overall appearance of the solar cell module 100 black, so as to avoid the temperature rise caused by the all-black back sheet absorbing light from all directions; Reflect light to the solar cell 3, improve its utilization rate of light energy, and at the same time greatly reduce the photothermal effect of the back plate 1, and reduce the temperature of the component; °C, compared with the conventional black solar cell module 100, the temperature is reduced by 10% to 50%, and the power is increased by 5% to 55%.

A series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions for the feasible embodiments of the present utility model, and they are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Embodiments or changes should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A solar cell assembly, comprising several interconnected solar cells and a back plate supporting the solar cells, there is a gap between some of the solar cells; it is characterized in that: the back plate includes a substrate, a set A black film is arranged on the substrate corresponding to the gap and a reflective area is located between the black film, and the solar cells are located on the upper part of the reflective area. 2 . The solar cell module according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a white sheet, and the reflective area is the white sheet between black coatings. 3 . 3. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a transparent plate or a white plate, and the reflective area is a reflective coating provided on the substrate. 4. The solar cell module according to claim 3, wherein the reflective coating is white. 5 . The solar cell module according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the black film is between 10 μm and 50 μm. 6 . The solar cell module according to claim 1 , wherein the black film is a black coating coated on the substrate or a black adhesive tape pasted on the substrate. 7 . 7. The solar cell module according to claim 3, wherein the reflective coating has a thickness between 10 μm and 50 μm. 8. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the solar cells are double-sided PERC cells. 9. The solar cell module according to claim 8, characterized in that: the side of the PERC battery sheet close to the back plate has several aluminum grid lines, and there are gaps between the several aluminum grid lines for light to pass through; The light passing through the slit or the gap between the solar cell sheets is reflected by the reflective area or the black coating, and passes through the slit to be used by the cell sheet again. 10. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell is a single-sided light-receiving cell.