CN207586731U - A kind of aspherical optical element grinding attachment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of aspherical optical element grinding attachments, including power module, handheld unit, MCP, numerical control display unit, PLC, I/O mouthfuls, NC, output module, input module, driving device, servo motor, velocity measuring module, position angle detection module, alarm module, PLC connection numerical control display units are connect by bus with I/0 mouthfuls；I/0 mouthfuls of NC connections, output module connection drive module, drive module connection motor；Velocity measuring module connects each motor with position angle detection module, inputs a signal into input module；Input module connects I/0 mouthfuls, and by bus, rotating speed and angular signal are fed back to PLC；The design and realization of the utility model aspherical optical element grinding control device, improve grinding accuracy, can increase substantially the performance and quality of product, promote the miniaturization of product, enhance interchangeability of parts.

Description

A kind of aspherical optical element grinding attachment

Technical field

The utility model is related to improved optical element grinding attachment, a kind of specifically aspherical optical element grinding fills It puts.

Background technology

The processing and detection of aspherical optical element are that the development of restriction aspherical optical element technology and the main of application are asked Topic, shows as processing, characterization processes equipment technology falls behind, the precision of Large diameter aspheric surface polishing domestic at present processing and Efficiency is horizontal close to developed country's same period, but due to the efficient precise grinding forming technique and accelerated surface that do not have to polish preamble Bright technical support is thrown, causes the processing of aspherical optical element that can not form the technology of complete set, while give finally There are sizable allowance for precise polished processing, increase the workload of polishing, it is aspherical to constrain Large diameter The popularization and application of processing technology, Ultraprecision Machining are the processing methods to grow up from nineteen sixties, most The characteristics of big is the New TownMovement (novel bearing, guide rail, transmission device, Micro-displacement Technique etc.) in integrated application Administration ＆ Mechanical Development, with And the precision and level of mechanical processing are increased substantially on the basis of the new technologies such as hyundai electronics, measurement, computer, add to machinery The limit of work precision --- nano-scale challenge is the crystallization of electromechanical integration, oneself develops as mechanical manufacturing technology at present One of important directions, why modern mechanical industry improves machining accuracy, can be significantly main reason is that improving precision The performance and quality of product are improved, promotes the miniaturization of product, enhances interchangeability of parts, in a sense, ultraprecise Processing technology is responsible for the important mission for supporting newest scientific and technological progress, is one of national strategic technology.

Utility model content

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the utility model provides a kind of aspherical optical element grinding attachment, content is according to track The principle of forming manufacturing aperture aspherical optical elements specifically does the work of the following aspects：

1st, the research of non-spherical element machining locus and process control technology：

(1) workpiece spindle movement relation research；

(2) control of device power-on and power-off sequence；

(3) control of handheld unit；

2nd, the design of feeding electric control gear is completed：

For control the feed arrangement conveniently, safely, fast and accurately realize feeding.

By practical operation and the requirement according to optical element processing technology, control panel is designed, and further set Entire control device is counted.

According to the precision of machine tool feed using hollow shaft servo motor, composite drive workbench realizes microfeed, servo Axis measures feed accuracy by high-accuracy Circular gratings and feeds back to computer, realizes precision feeding, and the control to ensure device Precision employs the closed loop feedback that grating displacement sensor realizes position.

To achieve these goals, the utility model is using technical solution：A kind of aspherical optical element grinding attachment Including power module, handheld unit, MCP, numerical control display unit, PLC, I/O mouthfuls, NC, output module, input module, drive Dynamic device, servo motor, velocity measuring module, position angle detection module, alarm module.

Using Siemens's 840D numerical control devices and 611D driving devices.

Power module is HHU, MCP, numerical control display unit, PLC provide power supply；

PLC connection numerical control display units are connect with I/0 mouthfuls by bus, feedback signal are connected alarm module.

I/0 mouthfuls of NC connections export PLC results to output module, output module connection drive module, drive module connection Motor, to control the rotating speed of motor and position.

Velocity measuring module connects each motor with position angle detection module, inputs a signal into input module.

Input module connects I/0 mouthfuls, and by bus, rotating speed and angular signal are fed back to PLC.

Selected, 611D completes workpiece spindle A, rotary shaft C, grinding wheel spindle B, linear axis X, Y coordination fortune as drive module Dynamic, wherein rotary shaft, linear axis X, Y three-shaft linkage, workpiece spindle, grinding wheel spindle B are often moved.

Selected, 840D numerical control devices mainly complete the function of management software, and control device Software for Design mainly includes PLC The design of program and the design of CNC program are controlled, wherein PLC control program design mainly has device primary control program to design, manually Programming, device power-on and power-off programming are controlled, CNC NC Programmings mainly have display programming, keyboard scan journey Sequence design, Communication Programming, programming of testing the speed.

Selected, power module has 24V power supplys, 220V power modules, 380V power supply three parts.

Selected, 24V power supplys are MCP, handheld unit and PLC interface module provide stable power supply.

Selected, 220V power supplys are mainly electric cabinet fan, power outlet, illumination offer control power supply.

It is selected, 380V power supplys five water cooling, filtering, liquid cooling, oil return, hydraulic pressure water cooling peripheral equipment motors in order to control Power supply is provided.

Selected, the pulse enable signal (terminal 63 and 9) of power module, controller enable signal (terminal 64 and 9) is interior Portion's contactor enable signal (terminal 48 and 112), these enable signal break-makes are all to control realization by PLC program.

Selected, keyboard and display module of the numerical control display unit as device.

Selected, PLC cores in order to control, when device is run, NCU units will be fed before and after X-axis before and after feed speed, Y-axis Speed, A shaft-like works diameter, B axle grinding wheel speed, C Shaft angles give PLC by I/O oral instructions, PLC according to setting parameter, according to Position signal, angular signal, the speed signal of detection send out control signal to servo motor drive module, make X-axis, Y-axis and return Turn the C axis coordinated movements of various economic factors, complete grinding PLC and provide each axis feeding signal.

Selected, servo drive is 611D numeric type driving devices.

Selected, spindle motor is driven by 6SN1123-1AA00-0LA1 drive modules.

Selected, X, Y, rotating shaft C and grinding wheel spindle B motors are driven respectively by two pieces of 6SN1123-1AA00-0BA1.

Selected, grinding wheel spindle servo motor is 1FE1052-6WK10-1BA0.

Selected, the AC servomotor that X, Y, C axis are matched is 1FT6064-1AF71-4AG1.

Selected, main shaft reverses motor 1FW6090-9RA10-1KC2 for built-in type.

Selected, power module carries out the receiving of data with NCU and transmission is swapped by device bus, connects Mode is that NCU interfaces (X172) are connected with servo power supply module interface (X351).

Selected, main shaft drives module carries out the receiving of data with NCU and transmission is swapped by device bus With driving bus come what is realized, connection mode is that NCU interfaces (X172) are connected with main shaft drives module interface (X351).

Selected, velocity measuring module measures the rotating speed of workpiece rotary shaft A for high-precision disk light beam encoder, it uses Incremental optical-electricity encoder measures grinding wheel rotary shaft B rotating speeds, for X-axis and Y-axis, other than the closed-loop control of position, respectively Motor again carry encoder, it can be achieved that speed and the double-closed-loop control of displacement.

Selected, position angle detection module measures the position of workpiece A and grinding wheel B for linear grating ruler, and disk magnetic grid is compiled Code device measures the angular displacement of grinding wheel rotating shaft C.

Selected, alarm module includes device alarm and user's alarm.

The design and realization of the utility model aspherical optical element grinding control device, improve grinding accuracy, can be with The performance and quality of product are increased substantially, promotes the miniaturization of product, enhances interchangeability of parts.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 grinding control device block diagrams；

Fig. 2 is power supply connection figure；

Fig. 3 is servo power supply wiring diagram；

Fig. 4 is drive module and X, y-axis motor connection figure；

Fig. 5 is drive module and B, C axle motor connection figure；

Fig. 6 is drive module and A spindle motor connection figures；

Fig. 7 is PLC control loop connection figures；

Fig. 8 is device main control flow chart；

Fig. 9 is power-on and power-off flow chart；

Figure 10 controls program chart for handwheel.

Specific embodiment

The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and the embodiment of the utility model includes But it is not limited to the following example.

Aperture aspherical grinding machine is typical electromechanical integrated product, there is mechanical mechanism and electrical control two large divisions's structure Into.Machinery is basis, and electronics is soul, and " machine " and " electricity " organically combines together, the two interdependence, indispensable, the two The automation of grinding process could be realized by cooperating.

It is carried out in two steps in High-precision aspheric grinding：Initial manufacture and compensation process, according to its measurement data come It determines the amount of feeding of motor, completes processing, grinding control device as shown in Figure 1 is driven by Siemens's 840D numerical control devices, 611D The compositions such as device, detection feedback device, control device are by input-output equipment, numerical control device (NC devices), may be programmed Controller (PLC), driving device, detection device composition, electrical control gear are driven using Siemens's 840D numerical control devices and 611D Dynamic device, control device can control five driving motors simultaneously by extension, wherein the core component of 840 numerical control devices be NC and PLC device, NC (Numerical Control) are digital control both numerical controls.It is to pass through certain algorithm pair according to NC programs Cutting tool path is controlled, and PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is programmable logic controller (PLC).It It is that control execution unit, CNC (Computer Numerical are gone according to the control logic programmed according to input signal Control it is) computer numerical control (CNC), CNC devices carry out interpolation operation by computer, formed preferable according to the program of input Movement locus.The position data that interpolation calculates is output to servo unit, and control motor drives executing agency, processes institute The element needed.It works under the monitoring of PLC, PLC will not only monitor NC, also monitor external execution unit.This grinding machine will CNC is asked to can control five axis (three feed shafts X, Y, C, two rotary shafts A, B).A kind of aspherical optical element grinding attachment, Including power module, handheld unit, MCP, numerical control display unit, PLC, I/O mouthfuls, NC, output module, input module, drive Dynamic device, servo motor, velocity measuring module, position angle detection module, alarm module, using Siemens's 840D numerical control devices And 611D driving devices, the power module have 24V power supplys, 220V power modules, 380V power supply three parts；The 24V power supplys Stable power supply is provided for MCP, handheld unit and PLC interface module；The predominantly electric cabinet fan of the 220V power supplys, power supply are inserted Seat, illumination provide control power supply；Water cooling, filtering, liquid cooling, oil return, hydraulic pressure water cooling five are outer in order to control for the 380V power supplys Peripheral equipment motor provides power supply；Keyboard and display module of the numerical control display unit as device；PLC cores in order to control The heart, when device is run, NCU units turn feed speed, A shaft-like works diameter, B axle grinding wheel before and after feed speed, Y-axis before and after X-axis Speed, C Shaft angles give PLC by I/O oral instructions, PLC according to setting parameter, according to the position signal, angular signal, speed of detection Signal is spent, control signal is sent out to servo motor drive module, makes X-axis, Y-axis and the revolution C axis coordinated movements of various economic factors, completes grinding PLC Provide each axis feeding signal；The X-direction is that workbench moves forward and backward direction；The Y direction workbench side-to-side movement side To；The C axis directions are grinding wheel gyratory directions；The B axle direction is grinding wheel swaying direction；The A axis directions are workpiece rotations Direction；The velocity measuring module gives the speed feedback of the rotating speed of X-axis motor, the rotating speed of y-axis motor, B axle motor to input mould Block；The input module gives PLC by I/O oral instructions；The position angle detection module is by the corner of C axle motor, A spindle motors Position feedback to input module, input module gives PLC by I/O oral instructions；The alarm module includes device and alarms and use It alarms at family；Described device is alarmed and operation information is automatically performed by NC；User's alarm carries out the operation of lathe and state Monitoring；The design and realization of the utility model aspherical optical element grinding control device, improve grinding accuracy, can be substantially Degree improves the performance and quality of product, promotes the miniaturization of product, enhances interchangeability of parts.

As shown in Fig. 2, power supply is divided into three parts：24V power supplys, 220V power supplys, 380V power supplys three parts composition, 24V power supplys Respectively MCP, OP010 and PLC interface module provide stable power supply, and 220V power supplys are mainly electric cabinet fan, power outlet, photograph Bright to provide control power supply, five water cooling, filtering, liquid cooling, oil return, hydraulic pressure water cooling peripheral equipment motors provide 380V in order to control Power supply.

As shown in figure 3, can servo power supply feed-in module power to 611D drive modules is decided by that its pulse enables letter Number (terminal 63 and 9), controller enable signal (terminal 64 and 9), inside contactor enable signal (terminal 48 and 112), these Enable signal break-make is all to control realization by PLC program.Its electric sequence is inside contactor enable signal, pulse Enable signal, controller enable signal.

Servomechanism installation (Servo System) is one kind in automaton, and commonly used closed loop controlling structure is controlled Certain state of controlled device processed can automatically, continuously, accurately reappear the changing rule of input signal, be usually used in fast Speed, accurate position controls and speed control occasion, and the connection mode of drive part and motor is also to influence to add in servomechanism installation An important factor for work precision, as shown in Figure 4,5, 6, X-axis motor 1FT6064-1AF71-4AG1 connection digital drive modules

The A1 pins of 6SN1123-1AA00-0BA1/6SN1118-0DJ23-0AA1 and X411 pins, y-axis motor 1FT6064-1AF71-4AG1 connection digital drive modules

The A2 pins of 6SN1123-1AA00-0BA1/6SN1118-0DJ23-0AA1 and X412 pins, grinding wheel B axle motor 1FE1052-6WK10-1BA0 connection digital drive modules

The A1 pins of 6SN1123-1AB00-0BA1/6SN1118-0DK23-0AA1 and X411 pins turn round C axle motor 1FT6064-1AF71-4AG1 connection digital drive modules

The A2 pins of 6SN1123-1AB00-0BA1/6SN1118-0DK23-0AA1 and X412 pins, workpiece A spindle motors 1FW6090-0PA10-1KC2 connection digital drive modules

The A1 pins of 6SN1123-1AA00-0LA1/6SN1118-0DJ23-0AA1 and X411 pins, will by encoder The tach signal and position signal of a motor, feed back to PLC.

The PLC designs of Siemens's 840D numerical control devices are embedded in 840D using STEP7 language, STEP7 programming softwares Structure has adhered to the design philosophy of Siemens's hardware, still using modular construction, including：Sequence block (SB), tissue block (OB), Functional block (FB, FX), program block (PB), data block (DB) etc. as shown in fig. 7, after hardware connects, start to carry out device When PLC program is debugged, must be requested that make primary (PLC) total clear or general reset to device.After the completion of PLC is always clear, PLC program It is debugged.The PLC of SINUMERIK 840D uses SIMATIC S7-300.So debugging software is STEP 7.

Always clear operating procedure is as follows by PLC：

1st, by PLC starting switches S4 → " 2 "PS lantern festivals are bright.

2nd, S4 → " 3 " and keep about 3 seconds until PS lamps it is bright again；The lamp went out again bright by PS.

3rd, within 3 seconds, operations described below S4 " 2 " → " 3 " → " 2 " are performed quickly；PS lamps first dodge, rear and bright, and PF lamps are bright.

4th, etc. PS and PF lamps are bright, and S4 → " 0 " PS and PF lamps go out, and PR lamps are bright.

By the programing function of PLC, PLC program can be handled the signal of NCU, lathe and machine tools control panel, The real time monitoring to emergent stop signal and excess of stroke signal is realized simultaneously, completes the location control to reference axis.

As shown in figure 8, the grinding of aperture aspherical optical elements is broadly divided into two parts：Curve calculates and grinding control Whether system, position detecting device put 1, if it is not, back to initial, if so, carrying out pulse enables judgement；Pulse, which enables, to be judged as It is no, then back to initially, if being judged as YES, enabled into line control unit；Controller, which enables, to be judged as NO, then is returned to initially, If being judged as YES, carry out repairing item and effectively judge；It repaiies item to be effectively judged as NO, then back to initially, if being judged as YES, carries out Position, velocity measuring simultaneously calculate, and carry out data processing, carry out rotary shaft C axis, linear axis Y-axis, straight line X-axis, grinding wheel spindle B axle, work Then the motion control of part axis A axis carries out grinding wheel and trims, workpiece sensing and data processing are carried out, then compensation reprocessing.

Device power-on and power-off sequence is critically important, and otherwise module is easily burnt.The main terminals of power module will have PLC's It exports to control its sequence.Control signal has：Inside contactor signal；Pulse enable signal；Intelligent control signal.Wherein T48 It is inside contactor control terminal, T63 is pulse enable signal terminal, and T64 is control enable signal terminal.Power-on and power-off sequence is such as Shown in Fig. 9, electric sequence is：

Open main power switch；

Discharge emergency stop switch；

Terminal 48 powers on, inside contactor action；

Terminal 63 powers on, and pulse enables action；

Terminal 64 powers on, and controls enabled action；

It is lower electricity sequence be：

After main shaft stops, by emergency stop switch；

64 times electricity of terminal；

Terminal 63 powers on；

48 times electricity of terminal；

Turn off main power switch.

This grinding attachment is five-axle linkage device, and handwheel is made to enable the I37.4 that switch connects PLC output module；Handwheel times Rate switchs the I36.6, I36.7, I37.0 for connecing PLC output module；The conversion of each axis meets I37.1, the I37.2 of PLC output module, I37.3；Handwheel output point can utilize the output signal of lathe, be separately controlled in programming, handwheel box control lathe is grasped manually It is as shown in Figure 10 to make program chart, driving is ready to, and without thermal drivers alarm and power supply OK, sees whether handwheel connects, next Progress axis choosing, i.e., 8,9,10 in figure.Handwheel does not connect if display 000 on PLC, and 110 handwheels do not work, and 010 Z axis is then selected, 011 selects X-axis, and 111 select Y-axis, 101 4 axis of selection, 001 5 axis of selection.Then to selected axis into Row multiplying power selects.F1 is 1 times of rate, and F2 is 10 times of rates, and F3 is 100 times of rates.

According to above-described embodiment, utility model can be realized well.

Obvious the utility model specific implementation is not limited by aforesaid way, as long as employing the method structure of the utility model Think and the improvement of the various unsubstantialities of technical solution or not improved the design of the utility model and technical solution directly should For other occasions, it is within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of aspherical optical element grinding attachment, including power module, handheld unit, MCP, numerical control display unit, PLC, I/O mouthfuls, NC, output module, input module, driving device, servo motor, velocity measuring module, position angle detection mould Block, alarm module；

Using Siemens's 840D numerical control devices and 611D driving devices；

Power module is HHU, MCP, numerical control display unit, PLC provide power supply；

PLC connection numerical control display units are connect with I/0 mouthfuls by bus, feedback signal are connected alarm module；

I/0 mouthfuls of NC connections export PLC results to output module, output module connection drive module, drive module connection electricity Machine, to control the rotating speed of motor and position；

Velocity measuring module connects each motor with position angle detection module, inputs a signal into input module；

Input module connects I/0 mouthfuls, and by bus, rotating speed and angular signal are fed back to PLC.

2. aspherical optical element grinding attachment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the 611D driving devices, For completing workpiece spindle A, rotary shaft C, grinding wheel spindle B, linear axis X, Y coordinated movement of various economic factors, wherein rotary shaft, tri- axis of linear axis X, Y connection Dynamic, workpiece spindle, grinding wheel spindle B are often moved；

The 840D numerical control devices are used to complete the management of software, and device software designs the design and CNC for including PLC control program The design of program, wherein PLC control program design include the design of device primary control program, manual control procedures design, above and below device Electric programming；CNC NC Programmings include display programming, keyboard scan programming, Communication Programming, test the speed Programming.

3. aspherical optical element grinding attachment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the power module includes 24V power supplys, 220V power supplys, 380V power supply three parts；

The 24V power supplys are MCP, handheld unit and PLC interface module provide stable power supply；

The 220V power supplys are mainly electric cabinet fan, power outlet, illumination offer control power supply；

Five water cooling, filtering, liquid cooling, oil return, hydraulic pressure water cooling peripheral equipment motors provide electricity to the 380V power supplys in order to control Source.

4. aspherical optical element grinding attachment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pulse of power module enables The break-make of signal, the break-make of controller enable signal, the break-make of inside contactor enable signal are controlled by PLC program It realizes.

5. aspherical optical element grinding attachment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the numerical control display unit packet Include keyboard and display module；Alarm module includes device alarm and user's alarm.

6. aspherical optical element grinding attachment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that PLC cores in order to control, device During operation, NCU units are by feed speed, A shaft-like works diameter, grinding wheel B axle grinding wheel speed, C before and after feed speed, Y-axis before and after X-axis Shaft angle gives PLC by I/O oral instructions, and PLC believes according to the parameter of setting according to the position signal, angular signal, speed of detection Number, control signal is sent out to servo motor drive module, makes X-axis, Y-axis and the revolution C axis coordinated movements of various economic factors, grinding PLC is completed and provides Each axis feeds signal；

Servo-driven module is 611D numeric type driving devices；

Spindle motor is driven by 6SN1123-1AA00-0LA1 drive modules；

X-axis, Y-axis, revolution C axis and grinding wheel B axle motor are driven respectively by two pieces of 6SN1123-1AA00-0BA1；

Grinding wheel B axle servo motor is 1FE1052-6WK10-1BA0；

The AC servomotor that X-axis, Y-axis, C axis are matched is 1FT6064-1AF71-4AG1；

Main shaft reverses motor 1FW6090-9RA10-1KC2 for built-in type.

7. aspherical optical element grinding attachment according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the power module and NCU The receiving and transmission for carrying out data are swapped by device bus, and connection mode is NCU interfaces and servo power supply module Interface is connected.

8. aspherical optical element grinding attachment according to claim 6, which is characterized in that main shaft drives module and NCU Receiving and the transmission for carrying out data are realizing with driving bus of being swapped by device bus, and connection mode is NCU Interface is connected with main shaft drives module interface.

9. aspherical optical element grinding attachment according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the velocity measuring module packet Disk light beam encoder and incremental optical-electricity encoder are included, turning for workpiece rotation A axis is measured using high-precision disk light beam encoder Speed measures grinding wheel rotation B axle rotating speed using incremental optical-electricity encoder, for X-axis and Y-axis, in addition to position closed-loop control with Outside, respective motor carries encoder, it can be achieved that speed and the double-closed-loop control of displacement again.

10. aspherical optical element grinding attachment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the position angle detection Module includes linear grating ruler and disk magnetic grid encoder, and the position of workpiece rotation A axis and grinding wheel B axle is measured using linear grating ruler It puts, the angular displacement of grinding wheel revolution C axis is measured using disk magnetic grid encoder.