CN207585136U - A kind of new type solar energy heating/refrigeration system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is related to solar energy application more particularly to a kind of new type solar energy heating/refrigeration systems.The system includes heat/cool terminal, heat collector, heat-storing device, chilled water system and control system, the heat-storing device is multiple tank cascaded structure, intermediate heat storage can water inlet is connect with heat collector return pipe, and water outlet is connect with heat/cool terminal water supplying pipe, refrigeration unit warm water feed pipe；Both sides heat storage can water inlet is connect with heat/cool terminal return pipe, refrigeration unit warm water return pipe, and water outlet is connect with heat collector feed pipe；The heat collector includes an at least heat pipe type flat plate collector, is equipped with automatic dust removing apparatus on every heat collector, automatic dust removing apparatus is connect with control system.The utility model integrated level is high, small, and collecting efficiency height is, it can be achieved that small area heating and refrigeration, is suitable for home use.It simultaneously can be according to irradiation situation automatic control dust removing, it is ensured that the absorptivity of heat collector plate face.

Description

A New Solar Heating/Cooling System

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of solar energy applications, in particular to a novel solar heating/cooling system.

Background technique

As a natural resource with abundant reserves on the earth, solar energy has been widely used in the fields of power generation and heating due to its cleanness, environmental protection and renewability. Especially solar water heater products have been widely used in daily production and life. But for utilizing solar energy to realize the heating and cooling of buildings, because there are still some problems, cause can not be popularized and applied. The problems are mainly reflected in: 1. The system integration is not high, the structure is too large, it is not convenient to install on the building, and it cannot be used in a small area; 2. The heat collection efficiency of the traditional flat plate collector is low and the heat loss is large; 3. The heat storage device It is a single tank, mixed with hot and cold water, which leads to large fluctuations in the water temperature of the supply terminal; 4. The dust accumulation on the surface of the collector is judged manually and dust is removed, which affects the operating efficiency. In addition, the existing heating/cooling terminal structure requires high water supply temperature, slow terminal start-up speed, and the refrigeration unit used has high warm water temperature and low energy efficiency.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a new solar heating/cooling system with high integration, small footprint and heating/cooling area, high heat collection efficiency, and quick start terminal.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

A new type of solar heating/refrigeration system, including a heating/cooling terminal, a heat collector, a heat storage device, a cold water system and a control system, the cold water system includes a refrigeration unit and a cooling tower, the cooling water supply pipeline of the refrigeration unit, the cooling The water return pipeline is connected to the cooling tower, and the heating/cooling terminal is connected to the heat storage device and the refrigeration unit through a three-way valve. The heat storage device is a multi-tank series structure, and the water inlet of the intermediate heat storage tank is connected to the return pipe of the heat collection device. , the water outlet is connected to the water supply pipe of the heating/cooling terminal and the warm water supply pipe of the refrigeration unit; the water inlet of the heat storage tank on both sides is connected to the return water pipe of the heating/cooling terminal and the warm water return pipe of the refrigeration unit, and the water outlet is connected to the water supply pipe of the heat collector connection; the cold water supply pipe of the refrigeration unit is connected to the heating/cold terminal water supply pipe through an electric three-way valve, and the cold water return pipe is connected to the heating/cold terminal return water pipe through a three-way valve; the heat collecting device includes at least one heat pipe type plate Heat collectors, each heat collector is equipped with an automatic dust removal device, and the automatic dust removal device is connected with the control system.

The heating/cooling terminal of the utility model is respectively connected to the heat storage device and the cold water system through the electric three-way valve, and the switching between heating and cooling is realized through the opening and closing of the electric three-way valve. The heat storage tank of the utility model adopts a multi-tank series structure, and the intermediate heat storage tank is specially used to store heat source water, recover high-temperature water returned from the heat collector, provide it to the heating terminal for heating in winter, and serve as a lithium bromide refrigeration unit in summer Provide warm water at a constant temperature. The return water of the heating/cooling terminal and refrigeration unit is first connected to the heat storage tanks on both sides, which can ensure the constant water temperature of the middle heat storage tank and provide a stable heat source for the heating terminal and refrigeration unit. The heat collecting device of the utility model adopts a heat pipe type flat plate heat collector, and the heat pipe is seamlessly connected by micro-channels into a plate structure, and its surface is filled with a new type of high-efficiency selective absorption coating, which has a super high absorption rate; the heat exchange of the heat collector The surface is only the wall of the cold end of the heat pipe. Compared with the traditional flat collector, the heat loss is very small; the heat collection efficiency is higher than that of the traditional collector, and the intercept efficiency can reach more than 85%.

In order to ensure the normal and uninterrupted operation of the heating/cooling system, the utility model also needs electric heating assistance, that is, electric heating modules are provided in each heat storage tank. During the sunny day, the solar energy provides the system heat source, and at night, the power grid valley power is used to provide the system heat source, and the excess heat is stored in the heat storage tank.

In addition, in order to fully absorb the heat in the circulating water and store it in the heat storage device, the heat storage tanks on both sides are equipped with porous paraffin phase change energy storage elements. The return water of the heating/cooling terminal and the refrigeration unit is passed into the heat storage tanks on both sides, and the paraffin phase change energy storage element is used to further absorb the heat in the water, and then the water is input into the heat collection device for heating.

Preferably, the refrigerating unit adopts a low-temperature hot water type lithium bromide refrigerating unit. The power of this unit is small, and when the inlet temperature of the warm water changes within the range of 70-60°C, it can realize refrigeration. The COP value of the refrigerator can reach more than 0.8, and the cooling capacity is less than 30kW. The warm water temperature is the lowest value among existing lithium bromide refrigerators. The miniaturization of operating parameters reduces system operating requirements and realizes small-area refrigeration.

Further, the heat collecting device is provided with a pyranometer on the inclined surface of the heat collector array, and the pyranometer is connected with the control system for monitoring the real-time radiation value. The control system can analyze the real-time heat collection data based on the monitoring data, and can memorize the best heat collection efficiency under different irradiation conditions. When the heat collection efficiency monitored by the control system is lower than the set value, it will immediately issue a cleaning command to the dust removal device. Start operation, clean the collector plate surface, can maximize the absorption rate of the collector plate surface.

Further, the heating/cooling terminal includes multiple heating/cooling units, each unit includes an electric valve, a flow divider and a capillary network, and the electric valve is arranged on the water supply pipe of the unit. Through the above structural settings, the heating/cooling terminal can realize modular control, select the opening and closing of each unit according to the needs, and realize the sub-regional regulation of heating and cooling. At the same time, the terminal is set as a radiator, which has the advantage of low start-up temperature, and the heating can be realized when the water supply temperature is above 25°C, thereby realizing the rapid start-up of the terminal.

Further, circulation pumps are provided on the heating/cooling terminal water supply pipes, the heat collector water supply pipes, and the refrigeration unit warm water supply pipes. The heat collecting device of the utility model has the ability of automatic optimization. After analyzing the heat collecting efficiency according to the historical operation data of the system, the optimal circulation flow rate of the heat collecting working medium under different meteorological conditions is obtained, and then the analysis results are memorized. During the normal operation of the system, According to different meteorological conditions, the speed of the circulating pump is changed by frequency conversion, so as to achieve the purpose of variable flow and energy saving.

In order to realize the stable supply of cold water, the cold water supply pipe of the refrigerating unit is provided with a buffer water tank, and the cold water output by the refrigerating unit is pre-stored.

Further, the heat storage device is also provided with a tap water inlet pipeline and a tap water drainage pipeline. The tap water inlet pipeline is used for initial water injection and water replenishment during the operation period, and the tap water drainage pipeline is used for drainage during the maintenance period or maintenance period, so as to maintain and clean the interior of the heat storage device.

In order to prevent the heat collection pipeline from freezing and cracking when the outdoor temperature is low, it is necessary to return all the water in the heat collection device to the heat storage tank during the day and night when the solar irradiance is low. Therefore, the water supply pipe of the heat collection device is equipped with An electric three-way valve, the other end is connected with the heat storage device through the return pipe. When the return water is needed, the system automatically controls the electric three-way valve, so that the heat collecting device communicates with the heat storage tank through the return pipe.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

1. The utility model has the advantages of high integration, small volume and high heat collection efficiency, which can realize heating and cooling in a small area, and is suitable for family use.

2. The terminal of the utility model starts quickly and can be controlled in a modular manner.

3. The utility model can automatically control the dedusting device according to the irradiation situation to ensure the absorption rate of the heat collector plate surface.

4. The utility model adopts multiple heat storage tanks, and the high temperature water and the low temperature water are stored separately, which ensures the constant temperature of the heat source water.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system composition of the present utility model;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the heat storage device and its external pipeline structure;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal perspective structure of the heat storage device;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat collecting device and its external pipeline;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the heating/cooling terminal and its external pipeline structure;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cold water system and its external pipeline structure;

In the figure, 1. Heat collection device, 2. Water supply pipe for heat collection device, 3. Return water pipe for heat collection device, 4. Intermediate heat storage tank, 5. Warm water return pipe, 6. Warm water supply pipe, 7. Cooling tower, 8 . Cooling water supply pipeline, 9. Cooling water return pipeline, 10. Refrigeration unit, 11. Cold water return pipe, 12. Cold water supply pipe, 13. Electric three-way valve, 14. Heating/cooling terminal return pipe, 15. Heating/cold terminal, 16. Heating/cold terminal water supply pipe, 17. Heat storage tanks on both sides, 18. Water treatment equipment, 19. Porous paraffin phase change energy storage element, 20. Electric heating module, 21. Storage tanks on both sides Water inlet of heat tank, 22, water outlet of heat storage tank on both sides, 23, water inlet of middle heat storage tank, 24, water outlet of middle heat storage tank, 25, electric valve, 26, capillary pipe network, 27, diverter, 28, Circulation pump, 29, heat pipe type flat plate heat collector, 30, automatic dust removal device, 31, pyranometer, 32, return pipe, 33, buffer water tank.

Detailed ways

The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.

A new type of solar heating/cooling system, including a heating/cooling terminal, a heat collecting device, a heat storage device, a cold water system and a control system. As shown in Figure 3, the heat storage device includes three heat storage tanks connected in series, namely the middle heat storage tank 4 and the heat storage tanks 17 on both sides. The top of the middle heat storage tank 4 is provided with a water inlet 23 and the bottom is provided with an outlet. A water inlet 24 and a pair of water inlets 21 and water outlets 22 are respectively provided on the side walls of the heat storage tanks on both sides. The three heat storage tanks are all provided with an electric heating module 20 for auxiliary heating at night by using valley electricity. The heat storage tanks 17 on both sides are equipped with porous paraffin phase change energy storage elements 19 for further absorbing heat in the return water. As shown in Figure 2, the heat storage device is also connected with a tap water inlet pipeline and a tap water drainage pipeline, and the tap water inlet pipeline is used for the initial water injection of the system and water replenishment during operation. The tap water inlet pipeline is provided with a water treatment device 18, which purifies the incoming tap water, prevents hard water from scaling in the capillary network of the heating terminal, and prevents pipeline blockage. The tap water drainage pipeline is used for drainage during the maintenance period or maintenance period.

As shown in Figure 4, the heat collecting device 1 is composed of a plurality of heat pipe type flat plate heat collectors 29 to form a heat collector array, each heat collector is provided with a set of automatic dust removal device 30, the inclined surface of the heat collector array There is also a pyranometer 31 for real-time monitoring of solar radiation. The pyranometer 31 is connected to the control system to feed back radiation data. The automatic dust removal device 30 is connected to the control system to receive control instructions. The control system can analyze the real-time heat collection data based on the monitoring data, and can memorize the best heat collection efficiency under different irradiation conditions. When the heat collection efficiency monitored by the control system is lower than the set value, it will immediately issue a cleaning command to the dust removal device. Start to run and clean the collector plate. (The analysis and statistical data process of the above control system belongs to the prior art and is not an improvement of the utility model. The improvement of the utility model is to set an automatic dust removal device and a pyranometer, and realize the automatic switch of the dust removal device according to the irradiation data.) The heat device communicates with the heat storage device through its water supply pipe 2 and return pipe 3 . The water supply pipe 2 is provided with an electric three-way valve, and the other end of the electric three-way valve is connected with the heat storage device through a return pipe 32 . Under normal circumstances, the electric three-way valve is in the water supply state, and the heat collection device is connected to the heat storage device through the water supply pipe to supply water to the heat collection device; but in some special working conditions, the electric three-way valve needs to be converted to the return water state , return the water in the heat collector to the heat storage tank. There are two specific working conditions:

Working condition 1: When the control system detects that the temperature difference between the supply and return water of the heat collector is less than a certain set value for more than 15 minutes, and the ambient temperature is lower than 0°C, and the above two conditions are met at the same time, the system controls the circulation on the water supply pipe of the heat collector The pump stops running, the electric three-way valve turns to the water return state, and the system returns water. This working condition is to prevent the ambient temperature from freezing and cracking the heat collecting pipeline.

Working condition 2: When the control system detects that the temperature difference between the supply and return water of the heat collector is less than a certain set value, and the operation period is at a certain moment in the afternoon (this moment is after the moment when the critical irradiance occurs, it can be called a critical moment, When the irradiance is lower than the critical irradiance, the solar energy absorbed by the heat collection process of the heat collection system is less than the power consumption of the pump, and the heat collection device does not need to continue to run, and the acquisition of the critical moment can be carried out monthly or seasonally), and the current If the season is winter, the system controls the circulating pump to stop running, the electric three-way valve turns to the water return state, and the system returns water; if the current season is summer, the system only controls the circulating pump to stop running, the electric three-way valve does not operate, and the system does not return water. water. This working condition is to shut down the heat collecting device when the solar radiation is low to prevent energy waste, and at the same time prevent the pipeline from freezing and cracking the pipeline in winter.

As shown in Figure 5, the heating/cooling terminal 15 includes a plurality of independently controlled heating/cooling units, each unit is provided with a flow divider 27 and a capillary network 26 distributed in a demarcated area, and each unit is connected to the heating unit. Electric valves 25 are provided on the branch water supply pipes connected to the main water supply pipes of the /cold terminal to control the on-off of each unit and the main water supply pipe, so as to realize the sub-module control of the heating/cold terminal.

As shown in Fig. 6, the cold water system includes a refrigeration unit 10 and a cooling tower 7, and the refrigeration unit adopts a low-temperature hot water lithium bromide refrigeration unit. The cooling water supply pipeline 8 and the cooling water return pipeline 9 of the refrigerating unit are connected with the cooling tower.

The connecting pipelines between the various components of the system are shown in Figure 1. The water supply pipe 2 of the heat collection device is connected to the water outlet 22 of the heat storage tank on both sides, and the return pipe 3 of the heat collection device is connected to the water inlet 23 of the middle heat storage tank. The heat source water heated by the heat collector first enters the intermediate heat storage tank for storage. The heating/cooling terminal water supply pipe 16 is connected to the water outlet 24 of the intermediate heat storage tank and the cold water supply pipe 12 of the refrigeration unit through the electric three-way valve 13, and the heating/cooling terminal return pipe 14 is connected to the heat storage tanks on both sides through the electric three-way valve 13. The water outlet 21 is connected with the cold water return pipe 11 of the refrigerating unit. When the three electric three-way valves are opened, valve ports 1 and 3 are connected, and the heating/cooling terminal is connected to the heat storage device to realize the heating mode. When the electric three-way valve is closed, valve ports 1 and 2 are connected, the heating/cooling terminal is connected to the cold water system, and the cooling mode is switched. The warm water supply pipe 6 of the refrigerating unit is connected to the water outlet 24 of the intermediate heat storage tank, the warm water return pipe 5 of the refrigerating unit is connected to the water inlet 21 of the heat storage tanks on both sides, and the heat storage device provides warm water as a refrigerant for the refrigerating unit.

A set of circulation pump 28 and a filter valve are provided on the water supply pipe 2 of the heat collector, the water supply pipe 16 of the heating/cooling terminal and the warm water supply pipe 6 of the refrigerating unit, and the rotation speed of the circulation pump can be controlled by frequency conversion, thereby controlling the flow of each pipeline. In addition, these pipelines are also equipped with flowmeters, pressure gauges and thermometers and other detection instruments to detect the fluid flow state data in each pipeline and transmit the data to the control system to facilitate monitoring of the heating/cooling process.

When the utility model is in use, the control system can be used to realize automatic control, and the indoor temperature adjustment is also designed to be intelligently controlled. There are multiple temperature monitoring points reasonably planned in each indoor area, and the entire heating/cooling area is divided into multiple independent areas, and zone control is implemented. There are three types of control methods: automatic control, local manual control and remote manual control.

Winter heating period: the system switches to the heating mode. When there are people in the room, the temperature range is set to 18°C-22°C. After the temperature reaches 22°C, the control system issues a command to stop the heating circulation pump to stop heating. When there is no one in the room, the system can automatically sense and the heating circulation pump stops running. At this time, it is enough to ensure that the indoor temperature is higher than 5°C. When the user returns to the room, the terminal cycle can be opened in advance through remote APP operation, and a suitable indoor temperature can be set in advance. Temperature, in order to achieve the purpose of preheating in advance, which can further improve the comfort of the human body.

Summer cooling period: the system is switched to cooling mode. When there are people in the room, the temperature range is set to 24°C-28°C. When the indoor temperature is higher than 28°C, the control system will issue a command to adjust the flow of the cold water circulation pipeline to reduce the bypass The opening of the pipeline valve increases the flow of cold water entering the refrigeration terminal. When the indoor temperature reaches 24°C, the control system issues a command to reduce the flow of cold water entering the refrigeration terminal to reduce cooling capacity consumption. When there is no one in the room, the system can automatically sense, and the control system will issue a cold machine stop command. When the user returns to the room, the terminal cycle can be opened in advance through remote APP operation, and the appropriate indoor temperature can be set in advance to achieve the purpose of cooling in advance. Further improve human comfort.

The electric heating module provided by the utility model can not only be started at night, but also can be started during the day when necessary, except that it can be started at night. When the weather condition is bad during the day in winter, if the terminal inlet temperature is lower than 30°C, the electric heating will be turned on; in summer, if the daytime weather condition is bad, if the temperature of the warm water inlet of the chiller is lower than 68°C, the electric heating will be turned on.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of new type solar energy heating/refrigeration system, including heat/cool terminal (15), heat collector (1), heat-storing device, cold Water system and control system, the chilled water system include refrigeration unit (10) and cooling tower (7), the cooling water of refrigeration unit Pipeline (8), cooling water return pipe road (9) are connect with cooling tower, and heat/cool terminal (15) passes through electric T-shaped valve (13) and heat accumulation Device is connected with refrigeration unit, it is characterised in that：The heat-storing device be multiple tank cascaded structure, intermediate heat storage can water inlet (23) It is connect with heat collector return pipe (3), water outlet (24) supplies water with heat/cool terminal water supplying pipe (16), refrigeration unit warm water Manage (6) connection；Both sides heat storage can water inlet (21) connects with heat/cool terminal return pipe (14), refrigeration unit warm water return pipe (5) It connects, water outlet (22) is connect with heat collector feed pipe (2)；The cold water supplying pipe (12) of refrigeration unit is by triple valve with supplying Warm/cold terminal water supplying pipe (16) connection, cold-water return pipe (11) are connect by triple valve with heat/cool terminal return pipe (14)； The heat collector (1) includes an at least heat pipe type flat plate collector (29), and automatic dust removing dress is equipped on every heat collector (30) are put, automatic dust removing apparatus is connect with control system.

2. new type solar energy heating/refrigeration system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is equipped in each heat storage can Electrical heating module (20).

3. new type solar energy heating/refrigeration system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In both sides heat storage can (17) Equipped with porous type wax phase change energy-storage travelling wave tube (19).

4. new type solar energy heating/refrigeration system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The refrigeration unit (10) Using Low Temperature Thermal water type BrLi chiller.

5. new type solar energy heating/refrigeration system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The heat collector is collecting Hot device array tilt face is equipped with pyranometer (31), and pyranometer is connect with control system, for monitoring real-time irradiation value.

6. new type solar energy heating/refrigeration system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The heat/cool terminal (15) including multiple heat/cool units, each unit includes motor-driven valve (25), current divider (27) and capillary network (26), electricity Dynamic valve is set on the feed pipe of the unit.

7. new type solar energy heating/refrigeration system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Heat/cool terminal water supplying pipe (16), heat collector feed pipe (2), be equipped with circulating pump (28) on refrigeration unit warm water feed pipe (6).

8. new type solar energy heating/refrigeration system according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：The refrigeration unit Cold water supplying pipe is equipped with buffer tank (33).

9. new type solar energy heating/refrigeration system according to claims 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：The heat accumulation dress It puts and is additionally provided with tap water inlet pipe road and tap water discharge pipe line.

10. new type solar energy heating/refrigeration system according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that：Heat collector supplies water There are one electric T-shaped valve, the other end to be connect Guan Shangshe by return duct (32) with heat-storing device.