CN207558268U - A kind of device of solar energy thermo-electric generation for science popularization demonstration - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of device of solar energy thermo-electric generation for science popularization demonstration provided by the utility model, including：For the light source assembly of simulated solar irradiation；For the thermo-electric generation component of power generation below the light source assembly, including heat collector and the collecting plate being placed in below the heat collector, and the marginal portion of the heat collector and the collecting plate is in thermal insulation layer；Multigroup galvanic couple group being made of P-type semiconductor and N-type semiconductor, the heat sink being placed in below the galvanic couple group and the cooling assembly being placed in below the heat sink being placed in below collecting plate；The energy-storage battery being connected by LED light strip with the galvanic couple group；Pass through the flow direction of LED light strip simulative display electric current, size.This device can clearly reproduce the composition of solar energy temperature difference generating set；It is flowed to by LED light strip analog current, there is good dynamic characteristic, science popularization can be carried out towards numerous teenagers from thermoelectric generation principle, broad masses is helped quickly to understand thermoelectric generation.

Description

A solar temperature difference power generation device for popular science demonstration

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of thermoelectric power generation, in particular to a solar thermoelectric power generation device used for popular science demonstration.

Background technique

Faced with the increasingly severe energy crisis and environmental pressure, on the one hand, people adjust the energy structure and increase the development and utilization of new energy, which is the so-called "open source"; on the other hand, they adopt new technologies and new processes to continuously improve energy utilization. rate, especially intensified on low-grade heat sources that are ubiquitous in nature. Solar thermoelectric power generation is an effective form of rationally utilizing low-grade heat sources for power generation. It is of great practical significance to carry out popular science education on solar thermoelectric power generation. Popular science exhibits are the carrier of popular science education and directly determine the effect of popular science. At present, there is a lack of popular science exhibits on the principle of thermoelectric power generation in the field of popular science of solar thermoelectric power generation. The science popularization display has a single function and a static display.

Most of the existing science popularization exhibits are application scenarios of thermal power generation, and there is a lack of systematic science popularization of solar thermal technology principles. Existing popular science exhibits mainly focus on the application scenarios of temperature difference to help young people understand the application of solar thermal power generation. The main exhibit is the roof Solar temperature difference model, vehicle exhaust temperature difference power generation model, generator waste heat temperature difference model, etc. The design scheme of such exhibits is composed of static temperature difference model and application scene model components. Application situation. In view of this, it is necessary to design a popular science demonstration device for solar thermal power generation to help the general public, especially young people, learn and master the basic principles of solar thermal power generation, cultivate young people's interest in exploring solar thermal power generation, and establish the awareness of energy conservation in the whole society.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a device of solar thermoelectric power generation for popular science demonstrations, and help the general public, especially young people, to learn and master the basic principles of solar thermoelectric power generation.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides a solar thermoelectric power generation device for popular science demonstration, including:

Light source components for simulating sunlight;

The thermoelectric power generation assembly under the light source assembly for generating electricity includes a heat collector and a heat collection plate placed under the heat collector, and the edges of the heat collector and the heat collection plate are embedded in the insulation In the thermal layer; a plurality of sets of galvanic couple groups composed of P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors placed under the heat collecting plate, a heat dissipation plate placed under the galvanic couple sets, and a cooling assembly placed below the heat radiating plate;

An energy storage battery connected to the galvanic couple group through an LED strip; wherein, the flowing direction and brightness of the LED strip are used to simulate the direction and magnitude of the current.

Wherein, the refrigeration assembly includes:

water pump;

a water storage tank communicated with the water pump;

A cooling fin communicated with the water storage tank and the water pump; wherein the cooling fin has a cavity for water to flow through.

Wherein, the light source assembly includes:

Slidable guide rail;

a support frame supporting the slidable guide rail;

A simulated dynamic sun light source suspended on the slidable guide rail.

Wherein, the energy storage battery includes an LED light strip whose lighting height is related to the electric quantity.

Wherein, the device also includes:

It is connected in parallel with the energy storage battery, and is used for providing a stable power supply voltage boost circuit for the energy storage battery.

Wherein, the device also includes:

It is connected in parallel with the energy storage battery, and is used for a load circuit that utilizes electric energy to complete a set function when the energy storage battery is discharged.

Wherein, the device also includes:

The temperature sensors are respectively placed between the heat collecting plate and the galvanic couple group and between the heat dissipation plate and the galvanic couple group for collecting temperature data.

Wherein, the device also includes:

An electronic screen that receives and presents temperature data.

The utility model provides a solar thermoelectric power generation device for popular science demonstrations, comprising: a light source assembly for simulating sunlight; a thermoelectric power generation assembly located below the light source assembly for power generation, including a heat collector and a The heat collecting plate under the heat collector, and the edges of the heat collector and the heat collecting plate are embedded in the heat insulation layer; multiple groups of P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors placed under the heat collecting plate A galvanic couple group composed of semiconductors, a heat dissipation plate placed under the galvanic couple group, and a cooling assembly placed under the radiating plate; an energy storage battery connected to the galvanic couple group through an LED light strip; The simulation shows the flow direction and magnitude of the current. This device can clearly reproduce the composition of the solar thermoelectric power generation device; it simulates the current flow through the LED strip, and has good dynamic characteristics.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description It is only an embodiment of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a kind of device structure schematic diagram of the solar thermoelectric power generation device that is used for popular science demonstration provided by the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage battery provided by the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another solar thermoelectric power generation device used for popular science demonstration provided by the utility model;

Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a DC/DC boost circuit provided by the utility model.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described The embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar thermoelectric power generation device for popular science demonstration provided by the utility model;

The device may include a light source component for simulating sunlight, a thermoelectric power generation component and an energy storage battery.

Wherein, the thermoelectric power generation assembly located under the light source assembly for generating electricity includes a heat collector and a heat collecting plate placed under the heat collector, and the edges of the heat collector and the heat collecting plate are embedded In the heat insulation layer; multiple groups of galvanic couples composed of P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors placed under the heat collector, heat sinks placed below the galvanic couples, and cooling panels placed below the heat sink components;

An energy storage battery connected to the galvanic couple group through an LED strip; wherein, the flowing direction and brightness of the LED strip are used to simulate the direction and magnitude of the current.

Further, the light source assembly may include a slidable guide rail 100 , a support frame 101 supporting the slidable guide rail 100 , a simulated dynamic solar light source 102 suspended on the slidable guide rail 100 , and the like. Among them, in order to be able to simulate the temperature brought by sunlight as much as possible, the angle and intensity of the light source should be similar to the sunlight as much as possible. The supporting frame is hinged with the supporting surface, so as to allow the supporting frame to rotate in a plane perpendicular to the supporting surface, so as to better simulate sunlight.

The simulated dynamic solar light source 102 can be a light bulb or other easily controllable light-emitting and heating elements, so that manual adjustment of the lighting position or control component to adjust the brightness of the light bulb can be realized to change the temperature of the hot end.

The thermoelectric power generation component needs to include at least a heat collection unit, a power generation unit and a refrigeration unit. The heat collection unit includes a heat collector 201 placed below the hot end and a heat collector plate 202 placed below the heat collector 201 , and edges of the heat collector 201 and the heat collector plate 202 are embedded in the heat insulation layer 203 . The heat insulation layer is a cylindrical structure, which does not limit the shape of the cross section of the cylindrical structure. It can be circular (corresponding to the cylinder) or any irregular shape, but the circular heat is more uniform and the heat collection effect is better. good. The heat-collecting structure adopted by the heat collector 201 can be a bowl-shaped structure without a "bowl bottom", or a circular platform wall structure, etc., so that the heat is more uniform and the service life is longer. The bottom of the heat collector 201 is connected to the heat insulation layer 203, and it is best to seal the connection to maximize heat collection. It is also possible to make the bottom of the heat collector 201 embedded in the heat insulation layer like the heat collecting plate 202 . The heat collecting unit can better collect the temperature of the hot end and have a better display effect.

The power generation unit includes a galvanic couple group composed of multiple sets of P-type semiconductors 303 and N-type semiconductors 304 placed below the heat collecting plate 202 (Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram, only two groups are shown, but actually multiple groups). One end of 303 is positive, and one end of N-type semiconductor 304 is negative.

Refrigerated assemblies consist of elements that can be cooled. Preferably, it may include a fan 403 blowing air to the heat sink 402 shown in Figure 1, a water pump 405 and a water storage tank 404 connected to the water pump through a water pipe, wherein the heat sink 402 is connected to the water pipe, that is, the heat sink has a water flow for passing through The cavity allows the water pumped by the water pump 405 to pass through. The purpose is to reduce the air temperature and water temperature by accelerating the air flow rate, and then further reduce the temperature of the cold end by using the circulating water to realize the temperature difference. It is worth noting that, in order to make the diagram display more clearly, the heat sink 402, the fan 403, the water storage tank 404 and the water pump 405 are used in FIG. A preferred embodiment is shown in the figures.

The energy storage battery assembly 500 is an energy storage battery, and of course a battery pack can be used to store electricity. Further, the energy storage battery 500 may include an LED light strip whose lighting height is related to lighting. Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the power of the energy storage battery can be divided into 10% intervals, which can dynamically and clearly display power fluctuations. When the energy storage battery is charging, the LED light strip rises and lights up, and the power is displayed. At this time, the current direction is a4→positive pole→negative pole→a7; when the energy storage battery is discharged, the LED light strip will light up and display the power; at this time, the current direction is a7→negative pole→positive pole→a4; further, A battery warning sign light can be set. When the power drops below 10%, the yellow warning light will be on; when the power is higher than 90%, the yellow warning light will be on. It has a very good popularization effect, and the popularization value is very high.

It is worth mentioning that the entire circuit of the solar thermoelectric power generation device is replaced by the LED light strip 300, and the direction and magnitude of the current are simulated through the flow and flashing direction and brightness of the LED light strip, and the display effect is better. The current flow in the LED strip 300 when generating electricity is shown by the arrow in the figure.

Further, the device may also include a control component assembly, which may include an STM32 minimum system, a light source drive circuit, an LED drive circuit, and a refrigeration component drive circuit. STM32 chooses STM32F407ZGT6; LED chooses LED5050, using STM32 I/O port combined with MOSFTET to drive, LED brightness is realized by adjusting the duty cycle of PWM wave generated by I/O port, flow speed and direction are adjusted by adjusting the interval time of cyclic logic displacement and The direction is realized; the water pump motor is driven by 12V kamoer KPP-B, and the I/O port of STM32 combined with MOSFTET is used for drive control; the light source can be powered by AC-220V, and the STM32 outputs PWM control signals through an I/O port, which is driven by a triode The relay controls the brightness of the simulated dynamic solar light source 102; the touch screen can choose ATK-7TFTLD V2, the interface includes voltage, current, power, power parameter display, voltage curve, current curve, power curve, start and stop button, light position tracking button, light Strength simulation button. The control component component can control the operation of the light source component and the cooling component, as well as the magnitude and direction of the current in the entire power generation circuit (this step is mainly realized by controlling the charge and discharge of the energy storage battery).

Based on the above-mentioned embodiment, as a preferred embodiment. Referring to FIG. 3 , FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another solar thermoelectric power generation device used for popular science demonstration provided by the present invention. It is also possible to place a temperature sensor 304 between the heat collecting plate 202 and the galvanic couple group and between the heat sink 401 and the galvanic couple group, for respectively collecting the temperature data of the hot end and the cold end and controlling the current correlation data by the control component displayed on an electronic screen (not shown in the figure). Further, the electronic screen can be a touch screen, and the user can click on the touch screen to view real-time parameters, and can also change related parameters to observe corresponding component changes. For example, when the user wants to increase the current, he clicks on the corresponding increase current function box on the touch screen. At this time, the control component will operate to increase the brightness of the bulb at the hot end and the power of the fan and water pump at the cold end to expand the power of the hot end and the cold end. The temperature difference between the ends, and then the small lights in the LED strip will become brighter, and the effect of science popularization will be better.

Based on the above-mentioned embodiment, as a preferred embodiment. Also see Figure 3, a boost circuit and load circuit can also be added. The role of the booster circuit is to provide a stable voltage for the energy storage battery, because the voltage generated by thermoelectric power generation is usually unstable. The load circuit is mainly to realize the power generation through the temperature difference component and the energy storage battery to use the electric energy to complete the setting function, such as powering the light bulb. The purpose of this move is to show the role of solar thermal power generation and the benefits it brings, and play a better role in popularizing demonstrations. Preferably, the boost circuit may be a DC/DC boost circuit. As shown in Figure 3, the positive and negative poles of the DC/DC boost circuit 400 are connected to the P-type semiconductor 303 and the N-type semiconductor 304 through the circuit, and the DC/DC boost circuit 400 is connected in parallel with the energy storage battery 500 and the load circuit 501 respectively. In order to realize that the PN galvanic couple group generates electricity and then the electric energy is input into the energy storage battery 500 after being boosted by the DC/DC booster circuit 400 . The load circuit 501 here only includes a light bulb, of course, it can also be other loads, which is not limited here. When the energy storage battery is discharged, it supplies power to the load circuit. At this time, the process of the energy storage battery power decline can be seen through the LED light strip.

Specifically, the implementation principle of the DC/DC boost circuit 400 can be shown in FIG. 4 . The triangular wave generation module and the constant generation module inside the control component are driven by a comparator outputting a pulse width modulated wave, and the PWM signal controls the corresponding M switch. When the PWM outputs a high level, the switch M is turned on. At this time, the LED light strip flows in the direction of L1-L2-L6-L5, and the inductor L is charged. The light strip on the inductor L becomes brighter and brighter, and at the same time, the current flow direction of the rear end is changed. For L3-L4-L8-L7, the capacitor C supplies power to the back-end load, and the lamp glows; when the PWM output is low, the switch M is turned off, and the current flow direction is L1-L2-L3-L7-L6-L5 and L1 -L2-L3-L4-L8-L7-L6-L5. At this time, the power supply voltage and the inductor L voltage are superimposed to charge C together to realize the voltage rise, and provide energy to the load, and the lamp glows.

Based on the above technical solution, the embodiment of the utility model provides a solar thermoelectric power generation device for popular science demonstrations, which can clearly reproduce the composition of the solar thermoelectric power generation device; the current flow direction is simulated by LED strips, which has good dynamic characteristics and can For the majority of young people, start from the principle of thermoelectric power generation technology to popularize science, and help the general public quickly understand thermoelectric power generation technology.

The above is a detailed introduction of the solar thermoelectric power generation device provided by the utility model for popular science demonstration. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present utility model, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made to the utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall into the protection of the claims of the utility model. within range.

Claims (8)

1. A device for solar thermoelectric power generation for popular science demonstration, characterized in that it comprises: Light source components for simulating sunlight; The thermoelectric power generation assembly for power generation under the light source assembly includes a heat collector and a heat collection plate placed under the heat collector, and the edges of the heat collector and the heat collection plate are embedded in the insulation In the thermal layer; a plurality of sets of galvanic couple groups composed of P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors placed under the heat collecting plate, a heat dissipation plate placed under the galvanic couple sets, and a cooling assembly placed below the heat radiating plate; An energy storage battery connected to the galvanic couple group through an LED strip; wherein, the flowing direction and brightness of the LED strip are used to simulate the direction and magnitude of the current. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the refrigeration assembly comprises: water pump; a water storage tank communicated with the water pump; A cooling fin communicated with the water storage tank and the water pump; wherein the cooling fin has a cavity for water to flow through. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the light source assembly comprises: Slidable guide rail; a support frame supporting the slidable guide rail; A simulated dynamic sun light source suspended on the slidable guide rail. 4 . The device according to claim 3 , wherein the energy storage battery comprises an LED light strip whose lighting height is related to electric power. 5. The device according to claim 4, further comprising: It is connected in parallel with the energy storage battery, and is used for providing a stable power supply voltage boost circuit for the energy storage battery. 6. The device according to claim 5, further comprising: It is connected in parallel with the energy storage battery, and is used for a load circuit that utilizes electric energy to complete a set function when the energy storage battery is discharged. 7. The device according to claim 6, further comprising: The temperature sensors are respectively placed between the heat collecting plate and the galvanic couple group and between the heat dissipation plate and the galvanic couple group for collecting temperature data. 8. The device according to claim 7, further comprising: An electronic screen that receives and presents temperature data.