CN207537316U - A kind of biofiltration device for handling rainwater or city domestic sewage - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biological filter device for treating rainwater or urban domestic sewage, which comprises a biological filter area and an overflow well; layer and drainage pipe layer; the overflow well is arranged on one side of the biological filtration area, and a second water outlet, a baffle plate and a first water outlet are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the first water outlet and the first water outlet The second water outlet is separated by a baffle; a perforated pipe is arranged in the drain pipe layer; one end of the perforated pipe is closed, and the other end communicates with the first water outlet through a connecting pipe; A circular hole; the biological filtration area also includes a drain pipe; one end of the drain pipe protrudes from the water inlet layer, and the other end communicates with the second water outlet of the overflow well. The device realizes the biological treatment of rainwater or urban domestic sewage, and improves the sewage treatment effect.

Description

A biological filter device for treating rainwater or urban domestic sewage

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of environmental protection design of sewage treatment, in particular to a biological filter device for treating rainwater or urban domestic sewage.

Background technique

At present, my country is suffering from the deterioration of the water environment, and the untreated discharge of rainwater or urban domestic sewage is a major factor causing the deterioration of the water environment. Due to air pollution, rainwater contains excessive nitrogen, sulfur compounds and heavy metal substances. If these pollutants are not treated and discharged, these pollutants will accumulate and flow into groundwater or surface water, causing water pollution. At the same time, urban domestic water contains suspended solids, organic matter and inorganic substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and untreated drainage will also cause serious pollution to water bodies. The existing rainwater or urban domestic sewage treatment devices are mainly based on physical settlement and chemical purification, the treatment effect is not good and secondary pollution is prone to occur.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem to be solved: the utility model overcomes the problems of poor treatment effect and easy secondary pollution in the above-mentioned prior art, and provides a biological filter device for treating rainwater or urban domestic sewage.

Technical solution: a biological filtration device for treating rainwater or urban domestic sewage, including a biological filtration area and an overflow well; the biological filtration area is sequentially provided with an inlet layer, a packing layer, a transition layer, a submerged layer and Drainage pipe layer; the overflow well is arranged on one side of the biological filter device, and a second water outlet, a baffle and a first water outlet are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the first water outlet and the second outlet The water outlet is separated by a baffle; the biological filtration device also includes a drain pipe; one end of the drain pipe protrudes from the water inlet layer, and the other end communicates with the second water outlet of the overflow well; perforations are provided in the drain pipe layer tube; one end of the perforated tube is closed, and the other end communicates with the first water outlet through a connecting tube; round holes are arranged around the perforated tube.

Preferably, the biological filtration device also includes a pretreatment area located on the other side of the biological filtration area; the pretreatment area is provided with a water inlet pipe, an oxygenation tank, a water outlet pipe, a ceramsite box and a water outlet in sequence through pipelines; the The bottom of the ceramsite box is connected to the water outlet pipe, and the top is provided with a water outlet, which communicates with the water inlet layer.

Preferably, the oxygenation tank uses an air pump to oxygenate it, and a stirring device is installed inside it, so that the sewage or rainwater can be fully mixed with the air to promote the nitrification reaction.

Preferably, the ceramsite box is filled with 5-10mm ceramsite, and the sewage enters from the bottom of the ceramsite box and is discharged from the top, so that an anaerobic zone is formed in the ceramsite box to promote denitrification reaction; at the same time, the ceramsite box It has a pre-filtering effect on rainwater or urban domestic sewage, which can filter out larger particulate impurities in rainwater or urban domestic sewage, and prevent large particulate matter from clogging the biological filter device.

Preferably, the filler in the filler layer is sand, zeolite and wood chips, the volume ratio is 18:1:1, and the thickness is 500mm; the filler in the transition layer is medium sand, and the particle size ranges from 0.5-1mm , with a thickness of 100mm; the submerged layer filler is coarse sand with a particle size range of 1-2mm and a thickness of 300mm; the drainage pipe layer filler is gravel with a thickness of 300mm.

Preferably, the packing layer is provided with two first partitions and a second partition which are mutually inclined up and down, and the first partition and the second partition are inclined in different directions.

Preferably, the angle of inclination between the first partition and the second partition and the horizontal plane is 5°-8°.

Preferably, the length of the drain pipe protruding from the packing layer can be adjusted according to the water level.

Preferably, aquatic plants are planted on the top of the packing layer; the aquatic plants are emergent plants such as quinces, calamus, etc.; the aquatic plants have a strong ability to absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and play a role in biological filtration devices. to biological purification.

Beneficial effects: ①The device is equipped with a pretreatment area, and by connecting the oxygenation tank and the ceramsite box, the sewage or rainwater passes through the pretreatment area and continuously passes through the oxygen-enriched area and the anaerobic area to promote the sewage nitrification and denitrification reactions, and to Sewage or rainwater is pretreated to increase the filtration efficiency and effectively prevent the clogging of the biological filtration device. ②This device, through the synergistic purification effect of the interception of the packing layer, chemical adsorption and biological purification, can remove suspended solids and total phosphorus in sewage with a removal rate of 98% and 85%, respectively, and a removal rate of ammonia nitrogen of 72%. The removal rate of ions is over 90%. ③When the device works normally, there is an immersion area at the bottom of the overflow well, which ensures that the perforated pipe is in an anaerobic state and prevents the growth of aerobic bacteria. ④The overflow well is equipped with two water outlets, which can achieve the effect of discharging filtered water and untreated sewage separately, so as to prevent secondary pollution caused by mixed discharge of perforated pipes. ⑤ The device has high sewage treatment efficiency, low cost, and is convenient for large-scale promotion.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the biological filter device.

In the figure: water inlet pipe 1, oxygenation tank 2, water outlet pipe 3, packing layer 4, transition layer 5, ceramsite box 6, drainage pipe layer 7, submerged layer 8, biological filtration area 9, perforated pipe 10, connecting pipe 11 , the first water outlet 12, the second water outlet 13, the baffle 14, the second partition 15, the overflow well 16, the first partition 17, the drain pipe 18, the water inlet layer 19, and the water outlet 20.

Detailed ways

Example 1

A biological filter device for treating rainwater or urban domestic sewage, including a biological filter area 9 and an overflow well 16;

The biological filtration zone 9 is sequentially provided with a water inlet layer 19, a packing layer 4, a transition layer 5, a submerged layer 8 and a drainage pipe layer 7 from top to bottom; the packing layer 4 is filled with sand, zeolite and wood chips, and the volume ratio 18:1:1, with a thickness of 500mm, for physical interception and chemical adsorption of rainwater or urban sewage; 5 fillers in the transition layer are medium sand, with a particle size of 0.5-1mm and a thickness of 100mm; the submerged layer 8 The filler is coarse sand, the particle size range is 1-2mm, and the thickness is 300mm; the filler of the drainage pipe layer 7 is gravel, and the thickness is 300mm; the drainage pipe layer 7 is provided with a perforated pipe 10; the perforated pipe 10 The upper part is provided with a group of circular holes, one end of which is closed, and the other end communicates with the first water outlet 12 of the overflow well 16 through the communication pipe 11 .

The overflow well 16 is arranged on one side of the biological filtration area 9, and the overflow well 16 is provided with a second water outlet 13, a baffle plate 14 and a first water outlet 12 sequentially from top to bottom; the first water outlet 12 and the second water outlet 13 are separated by a baffle 14; the communication pipe 11 is placed obliquely between the first water outlet 12 of the overflow well 16 and the perforated pipe 10, and the communication pipe acts as a communicator during the working process. There is always an immersion zone in the lower part of the biological filtration zone 9 to ensure that the perforated tube 10 is in an anaerobic state and prevent the growth of aerobic bacteria. The second water outlet 13 communicates with the water inlet layer 19 through the water discharge pipe 18; the water discharge pipe 18 is buried in the biofiltration area 9, and the length of the water inlet layer 19 stretched out by the water discharge pipe 18 can be adjusted according to the water inlet layer. 19. Adjust the height of the water level.

During operation, the sewage overflows in the water inlet layer 19 and gradually infiltrates into the packing layer 4; the suspended particles, nutrients and metal pollutants therein are removed under the action of the packing. Enter the transition layer 5 through the packing layer 4, and the water flow enters the submerged layer 8 through a simple stay in this area, and the submerged layer 8 uses the water pressure to press the water flow into the perforated pipe 10 in the drainage pipe layer 7, and the perforated pipe 10 The connecting pipe 11 communicates with the first water outlet 12 of the overflow well 16, and the purified water flows out of the device through the first water outlet 12 of the overflow well 16.

When there is too much water coming into the device, by adjusting the length of the drain pipe 18 protruding from the water inlet layer 19, the sewage directly flows out of the device through the drain pipe 18 and the second water outlet 13 of the overflow well 16. During this process, the device is normally filtered The process of sewage does not interfere with each other, thereby preventing secondary pollution caused by mixed discharge of the perforated pipe 10 .

Example 2

This device is further improved on the basis of embodiment 1 device:

A pretreatment area is provided on the other side of the biological filtration area 9, and the pretreatment area is provided with a water inlet pipe 1, an oxygenation tank 2, an outlet pipe 3 and a ceramsite box 6 in turn through pipelines, and the water inlet pipe 1 is connected to the urban underground drainage The pipe network, the lower part of the ceramsite box 6 is connected to the water outlet pipe 3, and the upper part is connected to the water inlet layer 19 of the biological filtration area 9. The ceramsite box 6 is provided with suitable ceramsite, and the ceramsite box is filled with 5-10mm ceramsite. grain. The oxygenation pool 2 uses an air pump to oxygenate it, and at the same time, a stirring device is installed inside the oxygenation pool 2, so that rainwater or urban domestic sewage can be fully mixed with air to promote nitrification.

The sewage enters the ceramsite box 6 after the precipitation and speed reduction treatment in the oxygenation tank 2 , and under the action of water pressure, the sewage overcomes the gravity to the ceramsite box 6 and flows into the water inlet layer 19 through the water outlet 20 . Sewage enters from the bottom of the ceramsite box 6 and is discharged from the top, so that an anaerobic zone is formed in the ceramsite box 6 to promote denitrification; at the same time, the ceramsite box 6 has a pre-filtering effect on sewage or rainwater, and can filter out rainwater or Larger particles of impurities in urban domestic sewage prevent clogging of biological filtration devices.

When the concentration of water pollutants in the inlet pipe 1 increases, it is necessary to reduce the flow rate of the inlet water, increase the residence time of the sewage in the pretreatment area, increase the aeration power of the oxygenation tank 2, and increase the frequency of replacing the ceramsite in the ceramsite box 6 .

Example 3

On the basis of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 device, this device is further improved:

The packing layer 4 is provided with two partitions that are inclined up and down, the first partition 17 and the second partition 15 are inclined in different directions, and the angle of inclination of each partition and the horizontal plane angle is 5°-8°, the partition design in the packing layer 4 increases the seepage diameter of the sewage in the packing layer 4 and improves the filtering effect.

Example 4

Sewage treatment is carried out on the basis of the device in Example 1. The processing results are shown in Table 1

Table 1. Change results of various indicators of sewage treatment

From the results in the above table, it can be seen that the removal rate of suspended solids and total phosphorus in sewage reached 98% and 85% respectively, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen reached 72%, and the removal rate of heavy metal ions reached more than 90%.

The above is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of biofiltration device for handling rainwater or city domestic sewage, it is characterised in that including biofiltration area (9) and Overflow well (16)；The biofiltration area (9) includes into water layer (19), packing layer (4), transition zone (5), floods floor (8), row Water pipe layer (7) and tapping pipe (18), wherein, into water layer (19), packing layer (4), transition zone (5), flood layer (8) and draining tube layer (7) it sets gradually from top to bottom；The overflow well (16) is set on the side of the biofiltration area (9)；The overflow well (16) It is equipped with the second water outlet (13), baffle (14) and the first water outlet (12) successively from top to bottom；First water outlet (12) with Second water outlet (13) is separated by baffle (14)；Perforated pipe (10) is equipped in the draining tube layer (7)；The perforated pipe (10) one end is closed, and the other end is communicated by communicating pipe (11) with first water outlet (12)；Perforated pipe (10) surrounding Equipped with circular hole；Described tapping pipe (18) one end is stretched out into water layer (19), the second water outlet (13) of the other end and overflow well (16) It communicates.

2. a kind of biofiltration device for handling rainwater or city domestic sewage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： The biofiltration device is further included set on the pretreating zone of biofiltration area (9) opposite side；The pretreating zone passes through pipeline It is equipped with water inlet pipe (1), oxygenation pond (2), outlet pipe (3), haydite case (6) and water outlet (20) successively；Haydite case (6) bottom Outlet pipe (3) is connected, top is equipped with water outlet (20)；The water outlet (20) communicates with described into water layer (19).

3. a kind of biofiltration device for handling rainwater or city domestic sewage according to claim 2, it is characterised in that： Oxygenation pond (2) is oxygenated using inflator pump to it, is internally provided with agitating device.

4. a kind of biofiltration device for handling rainwater or city domestic sewage according to claim 2, it is characterised in that： The haydite of filling 5-10mm in the haydite case (6).

5. a kind of biofiltration device for handling rainwater or city domestic sewage according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist In：About the two pieces first partitions (17) being angled relative to each other and second partition (15) are equipped in described filler layer (4)；Described first every Plate (17) and the second partition (15) are tilted to different directions.

6. a kind of biofiltration device for handling rainwater or city domestic sewage according to claim 5, it is characterised in that： The angle of inclination angle with horizontal plane of the first partition (17) and the second partition (15) is 5 ° -8 °.

7. a kind of biofiltration device for handling rainwater or city domestic sewage according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist In：The length that the tapping pipe (18) stretches out packing layer (4) can be adjusted according to water level.

8. a kind of biofiltration device for handling rainwater or city domestic sewage according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist In：Described filler layer (4) top planting aquatic plants；The water plant is Lythrum salicaria or calamus.