CN207454067U - Use for diesel engine Horizontal oil-gas separator - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of use for diesel engine Horizontal oil-gas separator, it includes housing (1) and filter core (2), filter chamber (3) and cushion chamber (4) are equipped in the housing (1), filter chamber (3) is located at the one side of cushion chamber (4) transverse direction, and filter chamber (3) is connected with cushion chamber (4)；The lower section of filter chamber (3) is equipped with the air inlet (5) for Gong being mixed on the housing (1), and air inlet (5) is connected by inlet channel (6) with filter chamber (3)；On the housing (1) top of cushion chamber (4) be equipped with gas outlet (7), and on housing (1) cushion chamber (4) lower section be equipped with oil return opening (8)；The filter core (2) is located in filter chamber (3), filter core (2) is loop configuration, the top of the interior inlet channel of the filter chamber (3) (6) is equipped with regulating valve (9), the outer diameter of regulating valve (9) is less than the internal diameter of filter core (2) but more than the internal diameter of inlet channel (6), and the regulating valve (9) is compared with inlet channel (6) eccentric setting；Compared with prior art, the utility model has the characteristics that oil-gas separation efficiency is higher and stability in use is preferable.

Description

Horizontal oil and gas separator for diesel engine

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of engine oil-gas separation, in particular to a horizontal oil-gas separator for diesel engines.

Background technique

The oil-air separator is connected next to the crankcase ventilation valve of the engine, because when the engine is working, the blow-by gas of the cylinder and the oil vapor will generate pressure, which will cause damage to the engine, so it needs to be vacuumed through the crankcase ventilation valve, because There is a large amount of oil vapor in the gas extracted by the crankcase ventilation valve, so the oil-gas separator mainly separates the oil vapor into oil and steam, so that the oil is collected by the pan and flows back to the engine for reuse, and the steam flows to the engine for re-combustion. Prevent direct entry into the atmosphere and cause air pollution.

The horizontal oil-gas separator for diesel engines in the prior art, such as the Chinese utility model with the application number 201510420038.9, discloses an oil-gas separator, which includes a housing which is provided with a mixed gas inlet, a first oil-gas separation chamber, a second The second oil-gas separation chamber, the third oil-gas separation chamber, the manifold interface channel, the turbine end interface channel, the mixed gas inlet is connected to the first oil-gas separation chamber, and the first oil-gas separation chamber is equipped with several first oil liquid baffles, Dynamic oil return chamber and first exhaust gas passage; oil and gas separation assembly, sealing cover plate, second oil return passage and second exhaust gas passage are arranged in the second oil and gas separation chamber, and several third oil liquids are arranged in the third oil and gas separation chamber Baffle plate, the third oil return channel, and the third exhaust gas channel; the above products are designed with multiple oil-air separation chambers, and each oil-air separation chamber is specially designed to cleanly separate oil and gas, effectively preventing oil from being sucked in engine; but there are technical problems such as complex structure and high manufacturing cost in the above-mentioned oil-gas separator. Also as the application number is 201620915813.8 Chinese utility model discloses a kind of oil-gas separator, comprises shell (1) and loam cake (2), is provided with hollow chamber in shell (1), in shell (1) ) is provided with partition one (3), and partition two (4) is arranged on the upper cover (2), and the hollow chamber is separated into a mixed gas by partition one (3) and partition two (4). A filter chamber (7) is provided between the air intake chamber (5) and the gas mixture separation chamber (6), the first partition (3) and the second partition (4), and the filter chamber (7) is provided with a filter Cotton (8), the bottom of the mixed gas inlet chamber (5) communicates with the mixed gas inlet (9), the bottom of the mixed gas separation chamber (6) communicates with the oil return port (10), and the mixture gas separation chamber ( 6) A valve seat (11) is arranged on the top, and the valve seat (11) is sealed and connected with the valve cover (12). ) communicates with the air outlet (13) arranged on the side of the valve seat (11), and a valve core assembly is arranged above the valve air outlet (14); although the whole is relatively simple and the preparation cost is low, due to the mixed gas The entry is straight from bottom to top, and the mixed gas can only enter the mixed gas separation chamber from one side of the mixed gas inlet cavity. In the case of disengagement, the mixed gas entering the mixed gas separation chamber will have a pressurizing effect, so that the flow rate of the mixed gas entering the mixed gas separation chamber will be faster, thereby reducing the efficiency of the mixed gas separation chamber for oil and gas separation. Furthermore, the Chinese utility model whose application number is 201520630355.9 discloses an oil-gas separator, which relates to the field of machinery manufacturing. It includes a PCV valve cover, a PCV valve base, a main shell, a filter element, a PCV valve diaphragm, a PCV valve spring, an O-ring, and a bracket insert; the PCV valve cover, the PCV valve base, and the main shell are closely connected in sequence Then, the side wall of the PCV valve base is provided with an air outlet, a PCV valve diaphragm is provided between the PCV valve cover and the air outlet of the PCV valve base, and a PCV valve diaphragm is provided between the PCV valve diaphragm and the PCV valve base. PCV valve spring, the side wall of the main housing is provided with a mixed air inlet, and the main housing is provided with a filter element and an oil return port at the lower part. The filter element includes a filter element shell, filter cotton, filter element regulating valve, filter element seat Filter element spring, filter element spring leaf, and filter element lower shell; however, this structure cannot be integrated with the cylinder head, and the air intake can only be side air intake, not lower air intake. The mixed gas passes through the filter element from one side, so this structure cannot be set to the Chinese utility model whose application number is 201620915813.8.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a horizontal oil-gas separator for diesel engines with high oil-gas separation efficiency and good service stability.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is to provide a horizontal oil-gas separator for diesel engines, which includes a housing and a filter element, the housing is provided with a filter cavity and a buffer cavity, and the filter cavity is located on the lateral side of the buffer cavity. And the filter chamber communicates with the buffer chamber; the bottom of the filter chamber on the housing is provided with an air inlet for mixing, and the air inlet communicates with the filter chamber through the air inlet passage; There is an air outlet, and an oil return port is provided under the buffer chamber on the shell; the filter element is located in the filter chamber, and the filter element is located in the ring structure, and a regulating valve is provided above the air inlet passage in the filter chamber, and the regulating valve The outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the filter element but larger than the inner diameter of the intake passage, and the regulating valve is arranged eccentrically relative to the intake passage.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

In the utility model, since the housing is provided with a filter cavity and a buffer cavity, the filter cavity is located on one lateral side of the buffer cavity, and the filter cavity communicates with the buffer cavity, and an air inlet for mixing is provided below the filter cavity on the housing, so that The air port communicates with the filter chamber through the air inlet channel; the air outlet is provided above the buffer chamber on the housing, and the oil return port is provided below the buffer chamber on the housing; the filter element is located in the filter chamber, and the filter element is a ring structure, filtering There is a regulating valve above the air inlet passage in the cavity. The outer diameter of the regulating valve is smaller than the inner diameter of the filter element but larger than the inner diameter of the air inlet passage. It needs to enter the buffer chamber from the bottom horizontally, and the gas must go out from the gas outlet above the buffer chamber, so that the gas stays in the buffer chamber for a long time, and then a small part of the oil remaining in the gas will also be separated in the buffer chamber , improve the efficiency of oil-gas separation; secondly, the regulating valve set eccentrically solves the problem that the regulating valve cannot be installed before while keeping the volume of the shell unchanged, which can effectively control the speed of the mixed gas and increase the filtering effect of the filter element. Control the crankcase pressure; moreover, after the mixed gas enters from the intake passage, it spreads around under the action of the regulating valve and directly rushes to the filter element, thereby further improving the oil-gas separation efficiency while improving the intake efficiency.

Further, the air inlet is located on the side of the air intake passage, and the lower end of the air intake passage is sealed; after such setting, not only can the splashed lubricating oil in the cylinder be prevented from directly entering the air intake passage, but also It can make the mixed gas in the cylinder have a collision process with the lower end of the intake passage first. During this collision process, part of the lubricating oil carried by the mixed gas will be separated, and the mixed gas after side entry will enter the intake passage. There will also be a direct collision with the wall of the intake passage, and part of the lubricating oil carried can be separated, so that the separation efficiency of oil and gas can be further improved.

Further, the inner wall of the lower end of the air intake passage is provided with a stepped surface, the stepped surface is set eccentrically, and the area of the stepped surface is 1/8 to 1/3 of the cross-sectional area of the air intake passage, and the height of the stepped surface is a It is 1~4mm; then after this setting, under the action of the step surface, a part of the gas at the bottom is blocked by the step surface and goes upward first, so that the airflow of other parts of the gas will not completely act on the step surface, thus making the progress The lubricating oil flowing down to the step surface on the inner wall of the air passage is not easily affected by the air flow and reverses upwards, but will directly return to the cylinder body from the air inlet, and the lubricating oil at the air inlet is within a certain height of the steps (If the height of the step surface is too high, it will seriously affect the unit air intake, and if it is too low, it will not be able to guide the bottom airflow and prevent the counterflow of lubricating oil at the air inlet), and it will not reverse upward under the action of the step surface, so as to ensure that the The lubricating oil at the gas port can flow back smoothly, and the returning lubricating oil can also solidify part of the oil and gas in the mixed gas, further improving the separation efficiency of oil and gas.

Further, the distance between the axis of the regulating valve and the axis of the intake passage is 1 to 5 mm; within this range, the effect of the mixture on the bonnet of the regulating valve is ideal, and it is not easy to have a unilateral intake air flow on the bonnet. In the case of a large impact and stuck, ensure the stability of the regulating valve.

Further, the regulating valve includes a valve seat and a valve cover, the lower end of the valve seat is fixed on the inner wall of the housing, and the distance between the axis of the valve seat and the axis of the intake passage is 1-5mm; the valve The cover is closed on the upper end surface of the valve seat; a guide block is provided inside the valve seat, and a slide hole is provided on the guide block, and a slide rod is provided at the lower end of the valve cover to slide with the slide hole. The end of the rod far away from the bonnet is provided with a limit block, and a return spring for resetting the bonnet is provided between the limit block and the guide block; the end of the slide rod far away from the bonnet is provided with a thread, and the limit block is screwed together At the end of the slide bar away from the bonnet; the regulating valve with this structure has a simple structure, fewer parts, is easy to assemble, and has better stability in use.

Further, the upper end surface of the valve seat is provided with at least two arc-shaped indentations, and the arc-shaped indentations are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the arc-shaped indentations extend along the radial direction of the valve seat, and the arc-shaped indentations are located on the valve seat. There are openings on the inner and outer walls of the seat, the angle between the arc-shaped indentation and the upper end surface of the valve seat is 0.5-5°, and the end of the arc-shaped indentation near the outer wall of the valve seat is higher than the arc-shaped indentation near the inner wall of the valve seat One end of the arc; after the arc-shaped concave is set, when the valve cover is in the closed state, the mixed gas can also enter the filter element for filtration, and once the air flow increases to a certain value, the valve cover can be opened, so that the regulating valve The range of use is wider, and the relatively less activity of the bonnet can make the service life of the spring longer; and the angle between the arc concave and the upper end surface of the valve seat is set, so that the solidification and collection of the arc concave The lubricating oil will flow to the inside of the valve seat, which not only prevents the blockage of the arc-shaped recess, but also allows the lubricating oil to return to the cylinder from the intake passage, reducing the influence of the lubricating oil on the filtration efficiency of the filter element, and also makes the Under the guidance of the arc-shaped concave, the mixed gas hits the filter element obliquely upward, so that the contact time between the mixed gas and the filter element is longer, and the separation efficiency of the mixed gas is also higher.

As a preference, there are eight arc-shaped indentations; after such arrangement, the air flow is relatively scattered, and the impact effect on the filter element is weak, preventing the filter element from being scattered or broken by the air flow, ensuring the efficiency and use of the filter element. life.

Further, the upper end surface of the valve seat is provided with an annular arc-shaped protrusion, and the axis of the arc-shaped protrusion is on the same line as the axis of the valve seat; The contact of the shaped protrusion is a line contact, and the bonding area is smaller, so it is less likely to be stuck under the action of lubricating oil, so as to ensure the working stability of the valve cover.

Further, a void is provided below the filter cavity in the housing, and the void communicates with the filter cavity, and the void is located on the side of the air intake channel away from the oil return port; after the void is set, not only can the housing It can also play a role in shock absorption during use, and after the lubricating oil accumulates in the air, it can also play a role in partially cooling the intake passage, so that the mixed gas in the intake passage More oil and gas are solidified to improve the separation efficiency.

Further, the oil return port is provided with a one-way valve, the one-way valve includes a one-way valve seat and a circular rubber valve plate, and the oil return port includes a collection hole, a flow hole and a Return hole, the aperture of the confluence hole is larger than the aperture of the return hole, the confluence hole is a trumpet-shaped hole, the aperture of the upper end of the confluence hole is larger than the aperture of the lower end of the confluence hole and smaller than the aperture of the confluence hole, and the aperture of the lower end of the confluence hole is larger than the aperture of the return hole , the lower end of the return hole is provided with a valve hole, and the aperture of the valve hole is larger than the aperture of the return hole, the one-way valve seat is connected to the lower end of the oil return port, the rubber valve plate is located in the valve hole, and the rubber valve The outer diameter of the sheet is larger than the aperture of the return hole, and a support ring for supporting the rubber valve sheet is provided in the one-way valve seat, and at least two through holes are arranged at one end of the support ring near the one-way valve seat, and the through holes are along the The support ring is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the arc surface transition is between the valve hole and the return hole; after the one-way valve is set, it can effectively prevent the mixed gas from entering the casing through the oil return port, thereby ensuring the stability of the gas outlet; Moreover, the check valve with this structure is simple in structure, has fewer parts, is easy to form, easy to install, and has low manufacturing cost. After the arc surface transition is set, when the rubber valve plate is lifted by the mixed gas, the rubber valve plate and the The arc surface transition surface contact is line contact, which can effectively prevent the bonding of the original surface contact, so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the rubber valve plate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a horizontal oil-gas separator for a diesel engine of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of part A in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a valve seat of a horizontal oil-gas separator for a diesel engine of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view along line B-B in Fig. 3 .

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a valve cover of a horizontal oil-gas separator for a diesel engine of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an efficiency analysis diagram of a horizontal oil-gas separator for a diesel engine of the present invention.

Among them, 1. Shell, 2. Filter element, 3. Filter chamber, 4. Buffer chamber, 5. Air inlet, 6. Air inlet passage, 7. Air outlet, 8. Oil return port, 81. Collection hole, 82 , confluence hole, 83, return hole, 84, valve hole, 9, regulating valve, 91, valve seat, 92, valve cover, 93, guide block, 94, slide hole, 95, slide rod, 96, limit block, 97, return spring, 98, arc concave, 99, arc convex, 10, step surface, 11, avoid air, 12, one-way valve seat, 13, rubber valve plate, 14, support ring, 15, through hole.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the utility model is further described.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the utility model provides a horizontal oil-gas separator for a diesel engine, which includes a housing 1 and a filter element 2, and the housing 1 is divided into upper and lower parts. Two parts, such setting is convenient for injection molding of the shell 1, the upper and lower parts are welded to form the shell 1, and the filter element 2 is an existing filter element; the shell 1 is provided with a filter cavity 3 and a buffer cavity 4, and the volume of the buffer cavity 4 It is 1.5 to 3 times the volume of the filter chamber 3, the filter chamber 3 is located on the lateral side of the buffer chamber 4, and the filter chamber 3 communicates with the buffer chamber 4; the bottom of the filter chamber 3 on the housing 1 is provided with an inlet for the mixed gas to enter The air port 5 and the air inlet 5 communicate with the filter cavity 3 through the air inlet channel 6. The mixed gas enters the air inlet channel 6 from the air inlet 5, and then the mixed gas enters the filter element 2, and the gas obtained after being filtered by the filter element 2 enters the filter chamber 3, the gas then enters the buffer chamber 4 and is discharged from the gas outlet 7; the housing 1 is provided with an air outlet 7 above the buffer chamber 4, and the housing 1 is provided with an oil return port 8 below the buffer chamber 4 , the oil filtered by the filter element 2 will flow from the bottom of the filter cavity 3 to the buffer cavity 4, and then flow back into the cylinder from the oil return port 8; the filter element 2 is located in the filter cavity 3, and the filter element 2 is an annular structure. 3. A regulating valve 9 is arranged above the air intake passage 6. The outer diameter of the regulating valve 9 is smaller than the inner diameter of the filter element 2 but larger than the inner diameter of the air intake passage 6. The regulating valve 9 is eccentrically arranged relative to the air intake passage 6.

The air inlet 5 is located on the side of the air inlet passage 6, the air inlet 5 is located on the side of the air inlet passage 6 away from the oil return port 8, and the lower end of the air inlet passage 6 is sealed, and the lower end of the air inlet 5 is connected to the air inlet passage 6. The bottom surface of the cylinder is even, so that the lubricating oil will flow back into the cylinder in time.

The inner wall of the lower end of the air intake channel 6 is provided with a stepped surface 10, the stepped surface 10 is eccentrically arranged, and the area of the stepped surface 10 is 1/8 to 1/3 of the cross-sectional area of the air intake channel 6, and the height a of the stepped surface 10 is 1 to 4mm (3.5mm in this example, it can also be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm or 4mm, etc.). The setting of the air inlet 5 and the step surface 10 on the side makes the force on the valve cover 92 more uniform when the regulating valve 9 is operated after the eccentric setting, so that the opening of the valve cover 92 is more flexible and smooth.

The distance between the axis of the regulating valve 9 and the axis of the intake passage 6 is 1-5mm.

The regulating valve 9 includes a valve seat 91 and a valve cover 92. The lower end of the valve seat 91 is fixed on the inner wall of the housing 1, and the distance between the axis of the valve seat 91 and the axis of the intake passage 6 is 1 to 5 mm (in this example, 2.5mm, also can be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm or 5mm etc.); Valve cover 92 is covered on the upper end surface of valve seat 91; hole 94, the lower end of the bonnet 92 is provided with a slide bar 95 that slides with the slide hole 94, and the end of the slide bar 95 far away from the bonnet 92 is provided with a limit block 96, and between the limit block 96 and the guide block 93 is provided for adjusting the valve. The return spring 97 that cover 92 resets; Slide bar 95 is provided with screw thread far away from one end of valve cover 92, and stopper 96 is screwed on slide bar 95 and is far away from one end of valve cover 92, and can be according to the use of different engines by stopper 96 like this According to the requirement, the restoring force of the return spring 97 is set differently.

The upper end face of valve seat 91 is provided with at least two arc-shaped concaves 98 (this example is eight, also can be two, three, five, six or ten etc.), and arc-shaped concaves 98 The radius of the corresponding circle is 3～9mm (this example is 5.5mm, also can be 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 8mm or 9mm etc.), the position place of arc concave 98 on the inner and outer walls of valve seat 91 is all provided with arc The radial projections are used to extend the length of the arc-shaped concave 98, so that the arc-shaped concave 98 has a more obvious effect on gas diversion, and at the same time, more solidified lubricating oil on the valve cover 92 can be collected , and the arc-shaped concave 98 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, the arc-shaped concave 98 extends radially along the valve seat 91, and the arc-shaped concave 98 opens on the inner and outer walls of the valve seat 91, and the arc-shaped concave 98 and the valve seat 91 The angle between the upper end faces is 0.5-5° (2.5° in this example, it can also be 0.5°, 1°, 2°, 3.5° or 5°, etc.), and the arc concave 98 is close to the valve seat 91 One end of the outer wall is higher than the end of the inner wall of the arc-shaped indentation 98 near the valve seat 91 .

The upper end surface of the valve seat 91 is provided with an annular arc-shaped protrusion 99 whose axis is on the same line as the axis of the valve seat 91 ; the arc-shaped protrusion 99 is divided into eight sections by the arc-shaped concave 98 .

The bottom of the filter cavity 3 in the housing 1 is provided with a space avoidance 11, the cross section of the space avoidance 11 is arc-shaped, and the center of the arc is on the axis of the air intake passage 6, and the space avoidance 11 communicates with the filter cavity 3, The space 11 is located on the side of the intake passage 6 away from the oil return port 8 .

There is a one-way valve at the oil return port 8. The one-way valve includes a one-way valve seat 12 and a circular rubber valve plate 13. The one-way valve seat 12 is screwed on the oil return port 8. The oil return port 8 is from top to bottom. The bottom includes a collection hole 81, a flow hole 82, and a return hole 83 in turn. The aperture of the collection hole 81 is greater than the aperture of the return hole 83, and the flow hole 82 is a horn-shaped hole. The aperture of the collection hole 81, the aperture of the lower end of the confluence hole 82 is greater than the aperture of the return hole 83, the lower end of the return hole 83 is provided with a valve hole 84, and the aperture of the valve hole 84 is greater than the aperture of the return hole 83, the one-way valve seat 12 is connected to the At the lower end of the oil return port 8, the rubber valve plate 13 is located in the valve hole 84, and the outer diameter of the rubber valve plate 13 is larger than the diameter of the return hole 83, and the one-way valve seat 12 is provided with a support ring 14 supporting the rubber valve plate 13 The end of the support ring 14 near the one-way valve seat 12 is provided with at least two through holes 15, so that the mixed gas entering the one-way valve seat 12 is not easy to be guided by the through holes 15 and is more likely to directly act on the rubber valve plate 13 On the other hand, the rubber valve plate 13 is more likely to be lifted up to play a blocking role. The through hole 15 is a square hole, and the through hole 15 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the support ring 14. The transition between the valve hole 84 and the return hole 83 is an arc surface. .

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the term "upper" is based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but should not be construed as limiting the claims. The utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and its specific structure is allowed to change, and all the various changes made within the protection scope of the independent requirements of the utility model are all within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A horizontal oil-gas separator for a diesel engine, which comprises a housing (1) and a filter element (2), characterized in that: the housing (1) is provided with a filter chamber (3) and a buffer chamber (4) , the filter cavity (3) is located on one lateral side of the buffer cavity (4), and the filter cavity (3) communicates with the buffer cavity (4); the filter cavity (3) on the housing (1) is provided with a mixing The air inlet (5) that enters, the air inlet (5) communicates with the filter chamber (3) through the air inlet passage (6); the top of the buffer chamber (4) on the described housing (1) is provided with an air outlet ( 7), and the housing (1) is provided with an oil return port (8) below the buffer cavity (4); the filter element (2) is located in the filter cavity (3), and the filter element (2) is an annular structure, so A regulating valve (9) is arranged above the air inlet passage (6) in the filter cavity (3), and the outer diameter of the regulating valve (9) is smaller than the inner diameter of the filter element (2) but greater than the inner diameter of the air inlet passage (6). The regulating valve (9) is arranged eccentrically relative to the intake passage (6). 2. The horizontal oil-gas separator for diesel engines according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air inlet (5) is located on the side of the air inlet passage (6), and the lower end of the air inlet passage (6) is sealed . 3. The horizontal oil-gas separator for diesel engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: a step surface (10) is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the air intake passage (6), and the step surface (10) is eccentrically arranged , and the area of the stepped surface (10) is 1/8 to 1/3 of the cross-sectional area of the air intake passage (6), and the height a of the stepped surface (10) is 1 to 4 mm. 4. The horizontal oil-gas separator for diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between the axis of the regulating valve (9) and the axis of the intake passage (6) is 1-5mm. 5. The horizontal oil-gas separator for diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the regulating valve (9) comprises a valve seat (91) and a valve cover (92), and the lower end of the valve seat (91) is fixed On the inner wall of the housing (1), and the distance between the axis of the valve seat (91) and the axis of the intake passage (6) is 1 to 5 mm; the valve cover (92) covers the valve seat (91) ) on the upper end face; the valve seat (91) is provided with a guide block (93), the guide block (93) is provided with a sliding hole (94), and the lower end of the valve cover (92) is provided with a slide The slide bar (95) that is slidably matched to the hole (94), the end of the slide bar (95) away from the valve cover (92) is provided with a limit block (96), and the limit block (96) and the guide block (93) A return spring (97) for resetting the bonnet (92) is provided between; the end of the slide bar (95) away from the bonnet (92) is provided with threads, and the stopper (96) is screwed on the slide bar ( 95) away from the end of the bonnet (92). 6. The horizontal oil-gas separator for diesel engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the upper end surface of the valve seat (91) is provided with at least two arc-shaped indentations (98), and the arc-shaped indentations ( 98) uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the arc-shaped indentation (98) extends radially along the valve seat (91), and the arc-shaped indentation (98) opens on the inner and outer walls of the valve seat (91), the arc-shaped indentation The angle between the inner concave (98) and the upper end surface of the valve seat (91) is 0.5-5°, and the end of the arc-shaped inner concave (98) near the outer wall of the valve seat (91) is higher than the arc-shaped inner concave (98) Near the end of the inner wall of the valve seat (91). 7. The horizontal oil-gas separator for diesel engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: there are eight arc-shaped indentations (98). 8. The horizontal oil-gas separator for diesel engines according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: the upper end surface of the valve seat (91) is provided with an annular arc-shaped protrusion (99), and the arc-shaped protrusion (99) 99) axis and the axis of valve seat (91) are on the same straight line. 9. The horizontal oil-gas separator for diesel engine according to claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that: a space avoidance (11) is provided below the filter cavity (3) in the housing (1), and the avoidance The air (11) communicates with the filter chamber (3), and the air avoidance (11) is located on the side of the air intake channel (6) away from the oil return port (8). 10. The horizontal oil-air separator for diesel engines according to claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that: the oil return port (8) is provided with a check valve, and the check valve includes a check valve seat (12) and a circular rubber valve plate (13), the oil return port (8) sequentially includes a collection hole (81), a flow hole (82) and a return hole (83) from top to bottom, and the collection hole (81 ) is greater than the aperture of the return hole (83), the confluence hole (82) is a trumpet-shaped hole, and the aperture at the upper end of the confluence hole (82) is greater than the aperture at the lower end of the confluence hole (82) and smaller than the aperture of the confluence hole (81) , the aperture of the lower end of the confluence hole (82) is greater than the aperture of the return hole (83), the lower end of the return hole (83) is provided with a valve hole (84), and the aperture of the valve hole (84) is greater than that of the return hole (83) The one-way valve seat (12) is connected to the lower end of the oil return port (8), the rubber valve plate (13) is located in the valve hole (84), and the outer diameter of the rubber valve plate (13) is larger than the return flow The diameter of the hole (83), the one-way valve seat (12) is provided with a support ring (14) supporting the rubber valve plate (13), and the support ring (14) is close to the side of the one-way valve seat (12). One end is provided with at least two through holes (15), and the through holes (15) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the support ring (14), and the valve hole (84) and the return hole (83) are arc surface transitions.