CN207350588U - A kind of microalgae biological air purifying device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses one kind can be widely applied to confined space（Such as automobile, high ferro, submarine and spacecraft）Microalgae biological air purifying device.The device is made of filter screen, light source, oxidation-adsorption layer and microalgae biology inner core；Gas is after strainer removes dust, the bulky grain pollutant such as hair, then acts on the sterilization of oxidation-adsorption layer through light source and remove formaldehyde, most afterwards through microalgae biology inner core by CO₂Fixed and releasing pure anion oxygen, while adsorb pellet（PM10）, fine grained pollutant（PM2.5）And increase air humidity.Described device is installed in the air-conditioning in space with air circulation more new function or fresh air system, not only meets space inner air-cleaning, while can provide pure anion oxygen.Because, as power, realizing that environmentally protective, air circulation is thorough, structure can be used in the air-conditioning in the spaces such as automobile, bus, high ferro, office building after slightly improving, and application prospect is extensive by existing ventilating system in space while air is updated.

Description

A kind of microalgae biological air purification device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering and processing engineering, and in particular relates to a microalgae biological air purification device suitable for air purification in places such as families, office places, public places and vehicles.

Background technique

In today's increasingly serious environmental problems, the atmospheric environmental problems caused by smog make people pay more and more attention to air quality. The decline in the air quality of the external environment is driving people to spend more and more time in confined spaces. In addition to general air pollutants in a closed environment, human activities will also produce many toxic substances, such as smoking, breathing, etc., especially nowadays more and more private cars, floating dust particles, bacteria and some harmful, Toxic gases and other indicators have exceeded the atmospheric environment outside the confined space. If people stay in this environment for a long time, they will not only experience dizziness, nausea and other discomforts, but may even induce some diseases. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a high-efficiency oxygen-producing air purification device.

In today's environment where people's requirements for quality of life continue to improve and they pay more and more attention to environmental issues, the demand for air purifiers has also risen linearly. However, the quality of commercially available air purifiers is uneven. Most of the purifiers are compound type. For the removal of particulate matter in the air, there are mainly mechanical filter type, electrostatic electret filter type, high-voltage electrostatic dust collection, etc., but they have various problems. For example, activated carbon is easy to adsorb. The capacity is overloaded, and it is not easy to regenerate. The filter type purifier cannot remove harmful gases and the cost is high. The degree of pollution of the filter screen is invisible, which leads to easy replacement and untimely replacement, which easily produces secondary pollution. At the same time, commercially available air purifiers use an external fan, which consumes a lot of energy and has a limited circulation range.

As one of the oldest photosynthetic microorganisms, microalgae gradually emerges in air purification due to its short growth cycle, high photosynthetic efficiency, and high adsorption strength. Microalgae can effectively absorb a large number of suspended particles in the air and maintain air humidity. In addition, the biggest advantage of microalgae is that they can absorb and transform CO ₂ in the air through their own photosynthesis, and release oxygen to improve air quality.

Song Hao and others applied for a patent "A Microalgae Oxygen Bar Mediated Air Purification Device" (CN201410469519.4), and proposed an air purification device using microalgae as a purification medium. Its design is relatively bulky, which is not convenient for use in cars and other confined spaces, and its design is limited to simple cleaning of the air, and it does not have a corresponding removal design for harmful microorganisms such as bacteria and harmful substances such as formaldehyde in the air. It is impossible to fully purify the air.

"An air purifier based on microalgae to remove PM2.5" (CN201510095463.5) applied by Kunshan Qingxu Environmental Technology Co., Ltd. uses spraying algae liquid as the purification method, which is bulky and consumes a lot of energy. In real life It is inconvenient to implement and use, and the scope of application is limited.

The technical problems to be solved by the utility model are: to overcome the disadvantages of the commercially available air purifiers such as large energy consumption, inability to produce oxygen independently, and invisible replacement of filter screens. Provide a convenient and feasible microalgae biological air purification device that can not only fix _CO2 to release negative ion oxygen, but also increase air humidity, and can sterilize and remove formaldehyde.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to solve the above problems, based on the characteristics of high photosynthetic efficiency of microalgae, fast growth rate, high adsorption strength, etc., to provide a microalgae biological air purification device suitable for use in confined spaces such as office places, public places, and vehicles . The device can not only effectively reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air, release a large amount of fresh negative ion oxygen, but also reduce inhalable particulate matter (PM10), fine particle pollutants (PM2.5), humidify, and remove formaldehyde.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A microalgae biological air purification device, which mainly includes a filter screen, an oxidation adsorption layer, a microalgae biological inner core and a light source, the light source is arranged between the microalgae biological inner core and the oxidation adsorption layer and mainly acts on the oxidation adsorption layer and Microalgae bio-core. After the gas passes through the filter to remove large particle pollutants such as dust and hair, the light source acts on the oxidation adsorption layer to sterilize and remove formaldehyde, and then releases pure negative ion oxygen through the microalgae bio-core carbon fixation, absorbing inhalable particulate matter (PM10), fine particles Particulate pollutants (PM2.5), increase air humidity.

In the above solution, the filter screen has multiple layers and is located at the front or the end of the device. To achieve the effect of blocking dust, hair and other large particle pollutants and microorganisms. The filter screen is composed of various forms of filter screens and filter membranes with various pore sizes. The filter screen includes and is not limited to various primary effect, medium effect, and high-efficiency filters, such as: dust collection filter (HEPA filter), activated carbon filter, nano silver filter, non-woven filter, synthetic fiber filter net etc.

In the above solution, the light source acts on the oxidative adsorption layer and the microalgae bio-inner core. It includes a visible light source and an ultraviolet light source. The visible light source includes but not limited to fluorescent lamps, LEDs, and incandescent lamps. The ultraviolet light source is an ultraviolet lamp. The top, and the UV lampshade is designed into a 90-degree arc, which ensures that the ultraviolet rays can cover the entire oxidation adsorption layer through the reflection of the lampshade and will not irradiate the inner layer of microalgae, so that the growth of algae will not be destroyed and the excitation light can be achieved The catalyst removes formaldehyde and kills bacteria and viruses at the same time.

In the above solution, the oxidation adsorption layer is a kind of material with the function of sterilizing and removing formaldehyde. There are and are not limited to various types of photocatalytic materials. The carrier materials include but are not limited to airgel, various fibers, activated carbon, etc. The photocatalytic materials include and are not limited to metal oxides and sulfides, such as titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ), zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO ₂ ), zirconium dioxide (ZrO ₂ ), cadmium sulfide (CdS), etc. A variety of oxide sulfide semiconductors, including various doped photocatalysts.

In the above solution, the microalgae biological inner core is a purification layer mainly composed of microalgae. Microalgae attach to the material in the form of adhesion, adsorption or cell immobilization. The materials mentioned include and are not limited to aluminum, iron, copper, stainless steel and other metals and their derivative materials, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other renewable materials, coarse cloth, cotton cloth, linen, nylon and other fabrics, and various Fiber, PVA, sponge and other composite materials, bioceramics and other materials that can be used for cell immobilization. And the species of microalgae include but not limited to Chlorella Sp., Cylindrotheca Sp., Diatom, Nitzschia Sp., schizochytrium Sp. ), Dunaliella (dunaliella), Scenedesmus Sp., Nannochloris Sp., Chlamydomonas Sp., Tetraselmis Sp., Eudorina sp. Sp.) etc.

The innovations and beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: microalgae biological air purification is introduced into the air purification system in the confined space, combined with the sterilization and formaldehyde removal effects of ultraviolet lamps and photocatalysts, while removing toxic and harmful substances, sustainable Fix CO ₂ , provide negative ion oxygen, absorb PM2.5 and PM10, and increase gas humidity. The introduction of the microalgae biological air purification device on the basis of the original air conditioner or ventilation device achieves the effect of air purification while being green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 work flow diagram of the utility model microalgae biological air purification device;

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of each part of the structure of the microalgae biological air purification device;

The front view of the structure of the microalgae biological air purification device in Fig. 3;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A part in accompanying drawing 3;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of part B in accompanying drawing 4; Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of part C in accompanying drawing 4;

In Fig. 7 embodiment 1, the oxygen content changes within one hour between the experimental group and the matched group;

The particle concentration change of the experimental group and the control group within one hour in Fig. 8 embodiment 2;

Icons in the picture: 1. External filter box, 2. Microalgae biological inner core, 3. Oxidation adsorption layer, 41. Ultraviolet lamp, 42LED energy-saving lamp, 5. Air intake grille, 6. Primary filter, 7. Microorganisms filter membrane.

Detailed ways

The development of the microalgae biological air purification device will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The utility model includes but is not limited to this embodiment.

As shown in Figure 1: a microalgae biological air purification device, which mainly includes a filter screen, an oxidation adsorption layer, a microalgae biological inner core and a light source. The specific process of air purification by the device is as follows: After the gas passes through the filter to remove large particle pollutants such as dust and hair, the light source acts on the oxidation adsorption layer to sterilize and remove formaldehyde, and then releases pure negative ion oxygen through the microalgae bio-core carbon fixation , Adsorb inhalable particulate matter (PM10), fine particle pollutants (PM2.5), and increase air humidity.

Example 1:

In this example, the vehicle is used as the application scene, combined with the internal circulation of the air conditioner in the vehicle, the microalgae biological air purification device is installed at the air intake grille of the internal circulation of the vehicle, and the airgel loaded with _TiO2 is used as the oxidation adsorption layer As the material, PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) is used as the microalgae adherent material. Airgel acts as a TiO ₂ carrier, and its high porosity makes it easier for air to penetrate. At the same time, it plays a thermal insulation effect and provides a more suitable growth environment for microalgae.

As shown in Figure 2-6, the device mainly includes an external filter box 1, a replaceable microalgae bio-inner core 2, and a replaceable oxidation adsorption layer 3. Wherein the external filter box 1 includes an air intake grille 5 and an initial effect filter 6 and a microbial filter membrane 7 attached thereto. A replaceable microalgae biological inner core 2 and a replaceable oxidation adsorption layer 3 are inserted in the external filter box 1 . The light supply system uses LED energy-saving lamps 4-2 and ultraviolet lamps 4-1, and the LED energy-saving lamps 4-2 are used for the microalgae biological inner core 2, and the ultraviolet lamps 4-1 are only used for the oxidation adsorption layer 3. In this embodiment, the lampshade of the ultraviolet lamp 4-1 is specially designed, and the ultraviolet lamp 4-1 is installed on the top of the external filter intake grid box, between the microalgae biological inner core 2 and the oxidation adsorption layer 3, and The ultraviolet lampshade is designed into a ninety-degree arc, which ensures that the ultraviolet rays can cover the entire oxidation adsorption layer through the reflection of the lampshade and will not irradiate the inner layer of microalgae, so as not to damage the growth of algae. LED energy-saving lamps 4-2 installation It is located at the bottom of the external filter air intake grille box, between the microalgae bio-inner core and the oxidation adsorption layer. LED energy-saving lamps provide a light source for the growth of microalgae, ensure the normal growth of microalgae, and improve the efficiency of oxygen production and adsorption.

In this embodiment, in actual use, it is only necessary to connect the light power supply to the car cigarette lighter and turn on the power supply, and at the same time turn on the internal circulation of the car. When the color of the attached microalgae changes, the replacement of the microalgae biological inner core can ensure Purification efficiency. At the same time, the PVA material used in this embodiment can be cleaned and recycled after replacement, so as to achieve the purpose of environmental protection.

The method of attaching PVA in this embodiment is: (1) A very small amount of medium liquid is dripped through the back or inside of the attached porous material so that the algae cells are in a semi-dry and wet state (2) A piece of PVA film is suspended in a cylindrical glass chamber and given a certain light intensity. (3) After about one day, the PVA can be inserted into the device after attaching a layer of green microalgae.

In order to verify the effect of this device, our research group used PVA as a microalgae adherent material to conduct oxygen production experiments.

The change of oxygen content was measured for one hour in a closed 7.8L space, the experiment was repeated three times and a set of blank controls was made.

Table a. Oxygen content changes within one hour (unit: %vol)

Group 1 time/min 0 15 30 45 60 Oxygen content/% 16.9 17.2 17.3 17.5 17.3 Group 2 time/min 0 15 30 45 60 Oxygen content/% 16.7 17 17.1 17.2 17.1 group 3 time/min 0 15 30 45 60 Oxygen content/% 16.7 16.9 17 17.1 17.3 Blank control group time/min 0 15 30 45 60 Oxygen content/% 16.7 16.6 16.7 16.8 16.7

According to the chart, the oxygen content can increase by 0.6% vol in this experiment in a 7.8L confined space for one hour, which has good oxygen production efficiency.

Example 2:

In this example, the vehicle is used as the application scene, combined with the internal circulation of the air conditioner in the vehicle, the microalgae biological air purification device is installed at the air intake grille of the internal circulation of the vehicle, and the airgel loaded with _TiO2 is used as the oxidation adsorption layer As the material, PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) is used as the microalgae adherent material. Airgel acts as a TiO ₂ carrier, and its high porosity makes it easier for air to penetrate. At the same time, it plays a thermal insulation effect and provides a more suitable growth environment for microalgae.

As shown in Figure 2-6, the device mainly includes an external filter box 1, a replaceable microalgae bio-inner core 2, and a replaceable oxidation adsorption layer 3. Wherein the external filter box 1 includes an air intake grille 5 and an initial effect filter 6 and a microbial filter membrane 7 attached thereto. A replaceable microalgae biological inner core 2 and a replaceable oxidation adsorption layer 3 are inserted in the external filter box 1 . The light supply system uses LED energy-saving lamps 4-2 and ultraviolet lamps 4-1, and the LED energy-saving lamps 4-2 are used for the microalgae biological inner core 2, and the ultraviolet lamps 4-1 are only used for the oxidation adsorption layer 3. In this embodiment, the lampshade of the ultraviolet lamp 4-1 is specially designed, and the ultraviolet lamp 4-1 is installed on the top of the external filter intake grid box, between the microalgae biological inner core 2 and the oxidation adsorption layer 3, and The ultraviolet lampshade is designed into a ninety-degree arc, which ensures that the ultraviolet rays can cover the entire oxidation adsorption layer through the reflection of the lampshade and will not irradiate the inner layer of microalgae, so as not to damage the growth of algae. LED energy-saving lamps 4-2 installation It is located at the bottom of the external filter air intake grille box, between the microalgae bio-inner core and the oxidation adsorption layer. LED energy-saving lamps provide a light source for the growth of microalgae, ensure the normal growth of microalgae, and improve the efficiency of oxygen production and adsorption.

In this embodiment, in actual use, it is only necessary to connect the light power supply to the car cigarette lighter and turn on the power supply, and at the same time turn on the internal circulation of the car. When the color of the attached microalgae changes, the replacement of the microalgae biological inner core can ensure Purification efficiency. At the same time, the PVA material used in this embodiment can be cleaned and recycled after replacement, so as to achieve the purpose of environmental protection.

In order to verify the effect of this device, our research group used gauze as a microalgae adherent material to conduct experiments on removing PM2.5 and PM10.

The particle concentration change was measured within one hour in a closed 7.8L space, the experiment was repeated three times and a set of blank controls was made.

Table b. Changes in particle concentration within one hour (unit: μg/m ³ )

Group 1 time/min 0 12 twenty four 36 48 60 PM2.5/μg/m3 1996 897 289 106 46 twenty one PM10/μg/m3 3589 1623 525 192 79 37 Group 2 time/min 0 12 twenty four 36 48 60 PM2.5/μg/m3 1996 882 242 90 48 19 PM10/μg/m3 3589 1600 446 179 66 35 Group 3 time/min 0 12 twenty four 36 48 60 PM2.5/μg/m3 1996 899 266 98 47 twenty one PM10/μg/m3 3589 1612 485 185 72 38 Blank control group time/min 0 12 twenty four 36 48 60 PM2.5/μg/m3 1996 1996 1996 1996 982 403 PM10/μg/m3 3589 3589 3589 3589 1778 536

As shown in the graph, this embodiment is tested in a 7.8L confined space for one hour, and the removal rate of PM2.5, PM10, etc. can reach more than 95% within one hour, and has good particle removal efficiency.

Example 3:

In this example, the vehicle is used as the application scene, combined with the internal circulation of the air conditioner in the vehicle, the microalgae biological air purification device is installed at the air intake grille of the internal circulation of the vehicle, and the airgel loaded with _TiO2 is used as the oxidation adsorption layer As the material, PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) is used as the microalgae adherent material. Airgel acts as a TiO ₂ carrier, and its high porosity makes it easier for air to penetrate. At the same time, it plays a thermal insulation effect and provides a more suitable growth environment for microalgae.

As shown in Figure 2-6, the device mainly includes an external filter box 1, a replaceable microalgae bio-inner core 2, and a replaceable oxidation adsorption layer 3. Wherein the external filter box 1 includes an air intake grille 5 and an initial effect filter 6 and a microbial filter membrane 7 attached thereto. A replaceable microalgae biological inner core 2 and a replaceable oxidation adsorption layer 3 are inserted in the external filter box 1 . The light supply system uses LED energy-saving lamps 4-2 and ultraviolet lamps 4-1, and the LED energy-saving lamps 4-2 are used for the microalgae biological inner core 2, and the ultraviolet lamps 4-1 are only used for the oxidation adsorption layer 3. In this embodiment, the lampshade of the ultraviolet lamp 4-1 is specially designed, and the ultraviolet lamp 4-1 is installed on the top of the external filter intake grid box, between the microalgae biological inner core 2 and the oxidation adsorption layer 3, and The ultraviolet lampshade is designed into a ninety-degree arc, which ensures that the ultraviolet rays can cover the entire oxidation adsorption layer through the reflection of the lampshade and will not irradiate the inner layer of microalgae, so as not to damage the growth of algae. LED energy-saving lamps 4-2 installation It is located at the bottom of the external filter air intake grille box, between the microalgae bio-inner core and the oxidation adsorption layer. LED energy-saving lamps provide a light source for the growth of microalgae, ensure the normal growth of microalgae, and improve the efficiency of oxygen production and adsorption.

In this embodiment, in actual use, it is only necessary to connect the light power supply to the car cigarette lighter and turn on the power supply, and at the same time turn on the internal circulation of the car. When the color of the attached microalgae changes, the replacement of the microalgae biological inner core can ensure Purification efficiency. At the same time, the PVA material used in this embodiment can be cleaned and recycled after replacement, so as to achieve the purpose of environmental protection.

In order to verify the effect of this device, our research group used canvas as a microalgae wall material to conduct humidity change experiments.

Measure the humidity change within one hour in a closed 7.8L space, repeat the experiment three times and make a set of blank controls.

Table c. Humidity change within one hour (unit: %)

Group 1 time/min 0 12 twenty four 36 48 60 humidity(%) 60 63 68 71 72 73 Group 2 time/min 0 12 twenty four 36 48 60 humidity(%) 60 64 66 67 69 71 Group 3 time/min 0 12 twenty four 36 48 60 humidity(%) 65 70 73 74 75 76 Blank control group time/min 0 12 twenty four 36 48 60 humidity(%) 58 58 58 57 57 57

According to the data, the humidity increase effect is more obvious, and it has a good humidification function.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of microalgae biological air purifying device, it is characterised in that mainly including filter screen, oxidation-adsorption layer, microalgae biology Inner core and light source, the light source, which is arranged between microalgae biology inner core and oxidation-adsorption layer, mainly acts on oxidation-adsorption layer and micro- On algae biology inner core, the filter screen has multilayer and positioned at most preceding and last, the microalgae biology inner core of air cleaning unit It is the purifying layer based on microalgae, microalgae is attached on material in the form of adherent, absorption or cell fixation, the material Have and be not limited to aluminum, be iron, copper, stainless steel, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, coarse cloth, cotton, burlap, nylon, PVA, sponge and bioceramic.

2. microalgae biological air purifying device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the filter screen by filter screen and The filter membrane of multiple aperture is formed, and the filtering web form includes and is not limited to just effect, middle effect, high efficiency particulate air, the filtering Net is specially：Dust strainer, active carbon filter screen, nano silver filtering net, non-woven fabrics filter screen or synthetic fibers filter screen.

3. microalgae biological air purifying device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the light source includes sunlight Source, artificial visible light source and ultraviolet source.

4. microalgae biological air purifying device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the manually visible light source bag Include but be not limited to fluorescent lamp, LED light, incandescent lamp.

5. microalgae biological air purifying device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the ultraviolet source is ultraviolet lamp And oxidation-adsorption layer is acted only on, the ultraviolet lamp is arranged in the top between microalgae biology inner core and oxidation-adsorption layer, And ultraviolet lamp cover is designed to 90 degree of arc.

6. microalgae biological air purifying device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the oxidation-adsorption layer is one Class has the material of sterilization function of removing formaldehyde.

7. microalgae biological air purifying device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the oxidation-adsorption layer have and Catalysis material is not limited to, its carrier material has and is not limited to aeroge, each fiber, activated carbon.

8. microalgae biological air purifying device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the catalysis material has and not It is limited to metal oxide and sulfide, the metal oxide and sulfide are specially：Titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, two Zirconium oxide or cadmium sulfide, while including adulterating photochemical catalyst.

9. microalgae biological air purifying device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the microalgae algae include but Chlorella, barrel mast Trentepohlia are not limited to, diatom, diamond shape algae, pot algae is split, is Dunaliella, scenedesmus, Nannochloropsis oculata, Chlamydomonas, flat Algae, empty ball Trentepohlia.