CN207248397U - A kind of bridge pile foundation washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system - Google Patents
A kind of bridge pile foundation washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN207248397U CN207248397U CN201720991874.7U CN201720991874U CN207248397U CN 207248397 U CN207248397 U CN 207248397U CN 201720991874 U CN201720991874 U CN 201720991874U CN 207248397 U CN207248397 U CN 207248397U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of bridge pile foundation to wash away change real-time tracking monitoring system, including pile foundation and the bridge pier being arranged in pile foundation, data handling system is fixedly installed in the pier coping portion, the bridge pier, which is located at the position below the water surface, is fixedly installed the miniature osmotic pressure sensor of fiber grating, on the riverbed of the pile foundation bottom spherical heavy iron is equipped with the position close to pile foundation, the spherical heavy iron surface is provided with four fiber bragg grating pressure sensors and a miniature osmotic pressure sensor of fiber grating, and fibre optic gyroscope is equipped with inside the spherical heavy iron；Fixation is connected with pier coping portion by iron chain or steel wire at the top of the spherical heavy iron；The beneficial effects of the utility model are can be widely applied in science of bridge building safety monitoring environment that is newly-built or having built up, have the advantages that high-durability, it is high-precision, simple in structure, monitor in real time and be easy to engineering and lay.
Description
Technical field
It the utility model is related to field of measuring technique, and in particular to a kind of bridge pile foundation washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system
System.
Background technology
China mountains and rivers are numerous, rivers in length and breadth, be a bridge big country, with the development of science and technology, China at present no matter
It is bridge construction technology, or bridge quantity has all ranked among world forefront.The various extra-large bridges across Jiang Hai, and feature
Viaduct complete, handsome in appearance, overpass, build up like the mushrooms after rain.At present the whole nation highway bridge up to more than 100 ten thousand,
Each different times are built in respectively.
China's complex geologic conditions, many highways, railroad bridge are located on the lake of rivers sea, and the substructure of bridge is led to
Crossing underwater pile supports whole superstructure and vehicular load, underwater pile to subject the vertical load of all bridge structures, and
The change of soil pressure against piles then directly determines the size of bearing capacity of pile foundation.But inevitably, washing away for current can cause
Pile side soil Scour and Accretion, so that the soil pressure of a side can be influenced, therefore is broken by the lower caused bridge damnification of current scour effect at present
It is bad to have become bridge structural health monitoring issues that need special attention.
Bridge pile foundation is washed away and is monitored, current existing method formula is by retainer instrument monitoring and portable instrument
Monitoring, the principle of use have the method for sonar technique and multi-beam, are all mainly to measure the water surface to the depth between silt layer medium
Change.But these methods also have shortcoming：First, these methods real-time continuous can not be generally tested, it is necessary to periodically go out ship
It is observed, and is influenced caused by the reciprocal change of the complexity that erosion and deposition layer cannot be rejected, can not considers interface lower floor silt soil layer
Variable density, therefore can not accurately obtain whether pile foundation lateral earth pressure is changed.Second, this method cannot monitor
Bridge pile foundation nearside wash away caused by soil pressure change, what is obtained is that the landform of underwater large scale washes away evolution, and stake side is on the contrary
Test blindspot.
One kind is provided for the Complex Water Environment residing for current bridge scouring and the difficult point of flushing monitoring, the utility model
The real-time monitoring system that pile foundation of bridge pier washes away, can monitor the dynamic that bridge pile foundation washes away in real time, adaptive tracing supporting course, is picked
Except influence of the mud to monitoring, do not influence normal operation and the traffic of bridge, and with it is easy to operate, performance is stable, prison
The advantages that surveying accurate data.
This monitoring system uses fiber-optic grating sensor.The operation principle of fiber grating is to utilize the photosensitive of fiber optic materials
Property, the incident light field pattern that is concerned with is write by fibre core by the method for ultraviolet photoetching, the folding along fibre core axial direction is produced in fibre core
Rate cyclically-varying is penetrated, so as to form the phase grating in permanent space, it is acted on substantially in fibre core, and formation is one narrow
(transmission or reflection) wave filter or speculum of band.When a beam of broad spectrum light passes through fiber grating, meet fiber grating Bradley
The wavelength of glazing bar part will produce reflection, remaining wavelength continues to transmit through fiber grating.
Fiber grating have it is small, wavelength selectivity is good, from nonlinear effect influence, polarize it is insensitive, be easy to
Fibre system connection, easy to use and maintenance, bandwidth range is big, added losses are small, device miniaturization, coupling are good, can be with it
His optical fibre device such as merges into an organic whole at characteristic, and the fiber grating manufacture craft comparative maturity, is easily formed large-scale production, cost
It is low, therefore it has good practicality, this monitoring system uses fiber bragg grating pressure sensor, takes full advantage of fiber grating
Above-mentioned advantage, the shortcomings that overcoming traditional monitoring, preferably with present under water to the flushing monitoring of bridge pile foundation.
Utility model content
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides real-time tracking monitoring, monitoring accurately and reliably
A kind of bridge pile foundation washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system.
The technical solution of the utility model is as follows：
A kind of bridge pile foundation washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system, including pile foundation and the bridge pier that is arranged in pile foundation, its
It is characterized in that, data handling system is fixedly installed in the pier coping portion, and the bridge pier, which is located to fix at the position below the water surface, to be set
The miniature osmotic pressure sensor of fiber grating is equipped with, it is spherical heavy to be equipped with the riverbed of the bridge pier bottom at the position close to pile foundation
Iron, the spherical heavy iron surface are provided with four fiber bragg grating pressure sensors and a miniature osmotic pressure sensor of fiber grating,
Fibre optic gyroscope is equipped with inside the spherical heavy iron；Pass through iron chain or steel wire and pier coping portion at the top of the spherical heavy iron
Connection is fixed；Fiber grating miniature osmotic pressure sensor, fiber bragg grating pressure sensor and the fibre optic gyroscope pass through light respectively
Fine data cable is connected with data handling system circuit.
A kind of bridge pile foundation washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system, it is characterised in that the spherical heavy iron is adopted
With the steel ball of a diameter of 28-32cm, wall thickness 0.7-0.9cm, inside is hollow structure, and can be added inside it as needed
Extra pouring weight；The spherical heavy iron outer surface is equipped with HCA-108 roofing acrylic acid waterproof coating layers.
A kind of bridge pile foundation washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system, it is characterised in that the spherical heavy iron exists
Embedded depth on riverbed is 9-11cm.
A kind of bridge pile foundation washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system, it is characterised in that the spherical heavy iron is extremely
One is equipped with less.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the system is mainly for bridge pile foundation local environment feature and at this stage to bridge
Beam foundation scouring is unable to continuous monitoring and the present situation not applied in the river that The turbulent river crashes its way through, attached suitable for monitoring underwater pile in real time
The variation in water pressure closely caused by soil pressure against piles change caused by washing away and fluctuation in stage.The characteristics of the utility model, is both
The soil layer all thickness that back-silts can be monitored in real time, and can monitor the change in depth of scour hole in real time, while can supervised according to engineering demand
Measuring point is disposed about multiple monitoring devices, can be widely applied in science of bridge building safety monitoring environment that is newly-built or having built up,
Have the advantages that high-durability, it is high-precision, simple in structure, monitor in real time and be easy to engineering laying.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the spherical heavy iron of the utility model；
Fig. 3 is the monitoring flow chart of the utility model；
In figure：1- data handling systems, the spherical heavy iron of 2-, the miniature osmotic pressure sensor of 3- fiber gratings, 4- fiber grating pressures
Force snesor.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the utility model is further described.
As shown in Figs. 1-3, a kind of bridge pile foundation washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system, including data handling system 1, ball
Shape sinks the miniature osmotic pressure sensor 3 of iron 2, optical fibre optical fibre grating and fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 4.Spherical heavy iron 2, inner hollow,
A diameter of 30cm, wall thickness 0.8cm.Surface is provided with four fiber bragg grating pressure sensors 4 and a fiber grating is miniature oozes
Pressure sensor 3, inside are equipped with fibre optic gyroscope and can be according to requirement of engineering toward adding extra pouring weight, ball inside spherical heavy iron
Shape, which sinks iron 2, to be rolled with the formation of current scour and scour hole, wash away dynamic to bridge pile foundation with reference to gyroscope and carry out
Monitoring in real time；The top of spherical heavy iron 2 is fixed with steel strand wires or iron chain is connected to monitoring point bridge pier top surface, easy to recycle or under
Put；Multiple spherical heavy iron 2 can be thrown into by diverse location near pile foundation according to requirement of engineering, improve monitoring accuracy.
Gyroscope selects fibre optic gyroscope, is fixed at the centre of form of spherical heavy iron 2, is responsible for the rotation of the spherical heavy iron 2 of positioning
Angle is with monitoring rolling situation of the spherical heavy iron 2 in current scour and scour hole forming process, so that what fetching portion was washed away
Real-time current intelligence.When spherical heavy iron rotates, gyroscope can measure rotational angle, with reference to each cell pressure reading
The accurate buried depth of spherical heavy iron can be released.
The miniature osmotic pressure sensor 3 of fiber grating, shares two, and one is fixed on bridge pier, there is certain depth apart from the water surface
Degree, the fluctuation of water level is monitored by variation in water pressure, and data are reached data handling system 1 by optical fiber data line in real time；Separately
One is fixed on spherical 2 surface of heavy iron, be responsible for monitoring outside water pressure change and with the monitoring number of fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 3
According to comparing, and combine the buried depth that formula calculates spherical heavy iron 2.
Fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 4, fixed and spherical heavy 2 surface of iron are right with the rotation and rolling of spherical heavy iron 2
Extraneous soil pressure and water pressure are monitored in real time.
Data handling system 1 is fixed on the pile foundation of bridge pier of measuring point to be wirelessly transferred fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, passes through optical fiber
Data cable miniature with fiber grating osmotic pressure sensor 3, fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 4 and gyroscope are connected, by what is received
Data reach cloud database by being wirelessly transferred.Finally by computer to the miniature osmotic pressure sensor of fiber grating 3, optical fiber light
The data of grid voltage force snesor 4, which are contrasted and analyzed and combine the data of gyroscope, draws the real-time shape that bridge pile foundation washes away
Condition.
Data are reached data handling system 1 by the miniature osmotic pressure sensor 3 of fiber grating in the form of wavelength in real time；Wavelength
Pressure can be converted into by equation below：
ps=μp1Δλ2+μp2Δλ；
Δ λ=(λ-λ0)-μt(T-T0)；
In formula, μp1(Pa/nm)：Constant；
μp2(Pa/nm)：Constant；
λ0(nm)：The initial wavelength of the miniature osmotic pressure sensor of optical fibre optical fibre grating during measurement；
T0(℃)：Original ambient temperature during measurement；
λ(nm)：Wavelength during pressure measurement；
T(℃)：Environment temperature during pressure measurement；
μt(nm/℃)：Constant, is the ratio of wavelength shift value/temperature；
During by ordinary water level, the detection reading of the miniature osmotic pressure sensor 3 of fiber grating on bridge pier is denoted as ps0, will be because of tide
The monitoring reading for playing the miniature osmotic pressure sensor 3 of falling fiber grating is denoted as ps；Then have
Δps=ps-ps0；
Δ p in above formulasFor variation in water pressure value caused by fluctuation in stage.
The data of gained fluctuation in stage can be used for the analysis that is influenced on bridge pile foundation security and stability of SEA LEVEL VARIATION, and with light
The comparative analysis of fine 4 data of grating pressure sensor, rejects influence of the SEA LEVEL VARIATION to pressure sensor caused by tide bulge and fall；
Nearby hydraulic pressure force data can compare the spherical heavy iron 2 of gained with 4 monitoring data of fiber bragg grating pressure sensor, back-silt for calculating
The thickness of the layer and the distance on soil layer surface to the water surface.
Fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 4 can pass through formula with the wavelength readings in soil in water：
P=μp[(λ-λ0)-μt(T-T0)]；
In formula, μp(pa/nm)：Constant, is the ratio of cell pressure/wavelength；
Kt(nm/C°)：Constant, is the ratio of wavelength shift value/temperature；
λ0(nm)：Pressure fiber grating initial wavelength during measurement；
T0(nm)：External temp fiber grating initial wavelength during measurement；
λ(nm)：Wavelength during pressure measurement；
T(nm)：External temp optic fiber grating wavelength during pressure measurement；
Pressure is converted into, the data analysis integrated by the data of osmotic pressure sensor 3 miniature with fiber grating and power
The real time status washed away can be tried to achieve by learning parsing.
The design focal point of the utility model is as scour depth increase and the formation of scour hole, spherical heavy iron can occur
Roll, and stablize and riverbed holding force layer surface.By fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 4, dynamic monitoring washes away and back-silts in real time
Change.Obtain the unit weight γ (N/m of monitoring point supporting course soil3), internal friction angleEtc. data, and consider current scour to holding force
The influence of layer surface certain depth soil density, reduction coefficient is taken to γ
β (0 ＜ β≤1), the proportion using β γ as supporting course topsoil, the concrete numerical value of β is according to the soil of monitoring field
Matter determines.Consider the riverbed earthen feelings of monitoring point；In the case where the embedded depth of foundation for ensureing spherical heavy iron 2 is 10cm to heavy
The pouring weight quality additionally added inside iron is calculated：
G1+G2=FC+Ff.........①
In formula, G1Conduct oneself with dignity (N) for spherical heavy iron；
G2For the quality (N) of extra addition pouring weight；
FCFor the resistance (N) of soil；
FfFor the buoyancy (N) of water.
Ff=ρwgVRow.........②
In formula, ρwFor the density (N/m of water3)；
G is acceleration of gravity (N/kg)；
VRowFor the volume (m of spherical heavy iron3)。
With reference to soil mechanics, the sphere being buried in the earth to spherical heavy iron does integral and calculating：
In formula, γ ' (N/m3)：The effective unit weight of riverbed supporting course soil, takes γ '=β γ-γw；
z(m)：For integral and calculating point buried depth；
c(Pa)：For the cohesive strength of riverbed supporting course soil, non-cohesive soil c=0；
Kp：For coefficient of passive earth pressure,
By 2. with the extra weight G for adding pouring weight can be obtained in 3. substituting into 1.2。
The purpose that spherical heavy iron 2 designs certain just buried depth be in order to prevent spherical heavy iron 2 in riverbed holding force layer surface by water
Stream is washed away and rolled easily, influences monitoring data；The design combines monitoring point riverbed supporting course soil property situation, ensure that
In the case of scour depth is increased, spherical heavy 2 adaptive tracing of iron washes away supporting course, passes through fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 4
At the same time detect water, soil pressure, eliminate suspension mud and influence of the fluctuation in stage to flushing monitoring, under water wash away dynamic evolution into
Row accurately monitoring analysis in real time.
The movement of current is likely to result in phenomenon of back-silting, according to the fiber grating pressure sensing 4 on known spherical heavy iron 2
Device and the monitoring reading of the miniature osmotic pressure sensor 3 of fiber grating and spherical heavy 2 tilt angle alpha of iron, are divided into following three kinds of situations
Calculate the buried depth of spherical heavy iron.i：Without the soil layer that back-silts on spherical heavy iron.
Monitoring device adaptive tracing supporting course, according to design in the case where no overlying back-silts soil, spherical heavy iron 2
Embedded depth is 10cm.
The monitoring reading p of the miniature osmotic pressure sensor 3 of fiber grating is taken, holding force layer surface can be derived to normal by formula once
The distance h of the water surface of water level,
p-Δps=γwhw
B=d-10
Two formula of summary can be released：
H=(p- Δs ps)/γw+b
P (Pa) in formula：The pressure readings of the miniature osmotic pressure sensor 3 of fiber grating；
γw(N/m3)：The effective unit weight of water；
d(m)：The radius of spherical heavy iron 2；
Δps：Variation in water pressure value caused by fluctuation in stage；
ii：There is the soil that back-silts on spherical heavy iron 2, but the soil thickness that back-silts is not enough to cover spherical heavy iron 2.
Because the thickness of the layer that back-silts is smaller, therefore its compactness is smaller, therefore on the basis of supporting course specific gravity of soil γ, it is right
It takes reduction coefficient β, the proportion for the soil that back-silts using β γ as overlying.
The reading of fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 4 more than the soil layer that back-silts is the numerical value of extraneous water pressure, is passed through
Following formula can release the depth of water of the sensor present position：
p2-Δps=γwhw2.........④
Fiber bragg grating pressure sensor reading below the soil layer that back-silts is the combination of soil pressure and water pressure：
hw1=hw2+a.........⑥
A=Dsin α ... ... are 7.
It is comprehensive 4. 5. 6. 7., you can release sensor buried depth and spherical heavy iron buried depth：
z0=d (1-sin α)+z
In formula, p1(Pa)：The pressure readings of the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 4 to back-silt below soil layer；
p2(Pa)：The pressure readings of the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 4 to back-silt more than soil layer；
Δps：For variation in water pressure value caused by fluctuation in stage, on the basis of hydraulic pressure during ordinary water level；
c(Pa)：The cohesive strength of monitoring point supporting course soil, non-cohesive soil
C=0；
Kp：Coulomb coefficient of passive earth pressure,
γw(N/m3)：The effective unit weight of water；
γ′(N/m3)：The effective unit weight of riverbed supporting course soil, takes
γ '=β γ-γw；
D(m)：Spherical heavy iron diameter；
d(m)：Spherical heavy iron radius；
z(m)：Sensor buried depth；
z0(m)：Spherical heavy iron buried depth.
iii：Spherical heavy 2 are back-silted soil layer covering.
The thickness of the layer that considers to back-silt on spherical heavy iron 2 is larger, can use β=1, i.e., spherical 2 Soil Surrounding ratio of heavy iron refetches
For γ.
The pressure number of degrees of Fiber bragg grating osmometer 3：
p3-Δps=γwhw3.........⑧
hw1=hw3+a.........⑨
A=d sin α ... ... are 10.
It is comprehensive 5. 8. 9. 10., you can release the sensor buried depth and spherical heavy 2 buried depth of iron：
z0=d (1-sin α)+z
P in formula1(Pa).：The pressure readings of the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 4 to back-silt below soil layer；
p3(Pa)：The water pressure readings of the miniature osmotic pressure sensor 3 of optical fibre optical fibre grating；
Δps：Variation in water pressure value caused by fluctuation in stage, on the basis of hydraulic pressure during ordinary water level；
c(Pa)：The cohesive strength of monitoring point supporting course soil, non-cohesive soil c=0；
Kp：Coulomb coefficient of passive earth pressure,
γw(N/m3)：The effective unit weight of water；
γ′(N/m3)：The effective unit weight of riverbed supporting course soil, takes γ '=γ-γw；
D(m)：Spherical heavy iron diameter；
d(m)：Spherical heavy iron radius；
z(m)：Sensor buried depth；
z0(m)：Spherical heavy iron buried depth.
Comprehensive ii, iii, the distance h and the thickness of the layer t that back-silts of the water surface of ordinary water level to soil layer surface of back-silting：
H=hw1-z；
T=z0--10；
Monitoring device is thrown into the depth of water that the initial reading of sensor behind monitoring point releases and is denoted as initial depth h0, by after
The counted depth of water is denoted as h, then
H=h-h0；
In formula, H is the scoured pit's depth changing value monitored in real time required for monitoring device；
H and h0The influence of fluctuation in stage has been rejected, has been supporting course under ordinary water level or soil layer surface of back-silting to the water surface
Distance.
Monitoring method is as follows：
1) change of the extraneous water pressure of the miniature osmotic pressure sensor 3 of fiber grating monitoring in real time, and data are reached at data
Reason system 1.
2) fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 4, the change of the extraneous soil pressure of monitoring in real time and water pressure, and data are reached into number
According to processing system 1.
3) gyroscope in spherical heavy iron 2 monitors the motion state of spherical heavy iron in real time, and data are reached data processing
System 1.
4) data handling system 1, by the miniature osmotic pressure sensor 3 of optical fibre optical fibre grating, fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 4 and top
Data obtained by spiral shell instrument reach cloud database by being wirelessly transferred, computer data and image are integrated to score
Analysis, and combine formula and calculate, you can to restore the real time status of pile foundation scour.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of bridge pile foundation washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system, including pile foundation and the bridge pier that is arranged in pile foundation, it is special
Sign is that the pier coping portion fixed setting data handling system (1), the bridge pier, which is located to fix at the position below the water surface, to be set
The miniature osmotic pressure sensor of fiber grating (3) is equipped with, is equipped with the riverbed of the bridge pier bottom at the position close to pile foundation spherical
Heavy iron (2), spherical heavy iron (2) surface is provided with four fiber bragg grating pressure sensors (4) and a fiber grating is miniature
Osmotic pressure sensor (3), the spherical heavy iron (2) is internal to be equipped with fibre optic gyroscope；Locked at the top of the spherical heavy iron (2) by iron
Chain or steel wire are connected fixation with pier coping portion；The miniature osmotic pressure sensor of fiber grating (3), fiber bragg grating pressure sensor
(4) and fibre optic gyroscope is connected by optical fiber data line with data handling system (1) circuit respectively.
2. a kind of bridge pile foundation according to claim 1 washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system, it is characterised in that described
Spherical heavy iron (2) is using the steel ball of a diameter of 28-32cm, and wall thickness 0.7-0.9cm, inside is hollow structure, and can be according to need
Extra pouring weight is added inside it；Spherical heavy iron (2) outer surface is equipped with HCA-108 roofing acrylic acid water-repellent paints
Layer.
3. a kind of bridge pile foundation according to claim 1 washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system, it is characterised in that described
Embedded depth of the spherical heavy iron (2) on riverbed is 9-11cm.
4. a kind of bridge pile foundation according to claim 1 washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system, it is characterised in that described
Spherical heavy iron (2) is at least provided with one.
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ID=61879771
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107576427A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2018-01-12 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of bridge pile foundation washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system and its monitoring method |
| CN112082527A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-15 | 华北水利水电大学 | Real-time monitoring system and monitoring method for riverbed erosion depth |
-
2017
- 2017-08-09 CN CN201720991874.7U patent/CN207248397U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107576427A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2018-01-12 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of bridge pile foundation washes away change real-time tracking monitoring system and its monitoring method |
| CN107576427B (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2023-06-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Real-time tracking and monitoring system and monitoring method for scour variation of bridge pile foundation |
| CN112082527A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-15 | 华北水利水电大学 | Real-time monitoring system and monitoring method for riverbed erosion depth |
| CN112082527B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-12-24 | 华北水利水电大学 | Real-time monitoring system and monitoring method for riverbed erosion depth |
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