CN207054145U - A kind of straw chopper in small, broken bits - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a straw crushing and returning machine. The straw fine crushing machine includes a frame body, a pick-up part and a crushing part. The pick-up part and the crushing part are both arranged in the frame body. The hammer claws cooperate to pick up the fixed knife set, and the crushing part includes a crushing knife shaft, a crushing hammer arranged on the crushing knife shaft, and a crushing fixed knife set matched with the crushing hammer. The straw is picked up and crushed at least twice under the joint action of the picking part and the crushing part, so that the straw meets the requirement of returning to the field.

Description

A kind of straw crushing and returning machine

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a straw crushing and returning machine.

Background technique

Straw returning has many advantages such as improving soil structure, increasing soil organic matter, improving soil fertility, and eliminating air pollution caused by straw burning. It has gradually become popular and produced good economic, ecological and social benefits.

At present, the main method of returning corn stalks to the field in dry farming areas in northern my country is: corn harvesting machinery crushes the stalks and throws them on the surface while harvesting corn ears, and then plows them into the soil with rotary tillage machinery in the later stage, in order to achieve the goal of rotting and decomposing the stalks. Purpose. This is currently the simplest method of returning straw to the field, and it is also the model that is vigorously promoted and used most in various places. However, due to limitations of working time and working conditions, mainstream corn harvesting machines focus on high-speed and high-efficiency harvesting of corn ears from design to operation, and the crushing of straw cannot really meet the requirements of straw returning to the field. The main manifestations are: 1. The crushed straw is too long (4-10 cm) and too thick, and it is scattered and concentrated. When the soil is prepared by rotary tillage in the later stage, the concentrated straw that is too thick cannot be turned into the soil and the rake is not solid, which affects the quality of land preparation; 2. When sowing, straw hinders sowing, resulting in lack of seedlings and broken ridges; 3. Too long and too thick straw cannot rot for a long time, causing the soil to hang in the air, hindering the upward transmission of deep soil moisture, and affecting the emergence or growth of seedlings.

Utility model content

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a finely crushed straw returning machine to solve the problem that the straw crushed by the existing straw returning equipment is too long.

(2) Technical solution

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides a straw crushing and returning machine, including: a frame body;

The pick-up part is arranged on the inner side of the frame body. The pick-up part includes a pick-up cutter shaft, a pick-up hammer claw and a fixed pick-up knife group. The two ends of the pick-up cutter shaft are rotatably fixed on the frame body. The pick-up hammer claws are set on the pick-up knife shaft at staggered intervals, the pick-up fixed knife set includes a plurality of pick-up fixed knives, and a plurality of the pick-up fixed knives are arranged at intervals inside the frame body, the pick-up knife When the shaft rotates, it drives the pick-up hammer claw to rotate, and makes the pick-up hammer claw pass through the interval of picking up the fixed knife;

The crushing part is arranged on the inside of the frame, and the crushing part includes a crushing knife shaft, a crushing hammer and a crushing fixed knife group. The two ends of the crushing knife shaft are rotatably fixed on the frame, and the crushing The hammer blades are arranged on the crushing knife shaft in a staggered interval, the crushing fixed knife set includes a plurality of crushing fixed knives, and a plurality of the crushing fixed knives are arranged at intervals inside the frame body, and the crushing knife shaft rotates At this time, the crushing hammers are driven to rotate, and the crushing hammers are allowed to pass through the gap between the crushing fixed knives.

Preferably, a deflector is further provided between the picking-up part and the crushing part, and a space is left between the upper part of the deflector and the upper wall of the frame body.

Preferably, the deflector is a concave arc plate, and the concave arc surface faces the pick-up portion.

Further, it also includes a grass raking part, and the grass raking part includes a plurality of raking grass tines arranged at intervals, one end of each grass raking tine is fixed on the deflector, and the other end extends out of the housing .

Preferably, the stalk fine crushing and returning machine also includes a crushing screen for screening stalks;

The crushing screen comprises a plurality of longitudinal sieve bars and a plurality of horizontal sieve bars, the plurality of longitudinal sieve bars are arranged at intervals, the plurality of horizontal sieve bars are all perpendicular to the longitudinal sieve bars, and the plurality of horizontal sieve bars are arranged between, When the crushing knife shaft rotates, the crushing hammers pass through the gaps between the longitudinal screen bars.

Preferably, a plurality of tooth-shaped protrusions are arranged at intervals on each of the longitudinal screen bars.

Preferably, the distance between two adjacent longitudinal screen bars is 3 cm; the distance between two adjacent horizontal screen bars is 2 cm.

Preferably, the pick-up hammer claw is hinged on the pick-up cutter shaft.

Preferably, the crushing hammer is hinged on the crushing knife shaft.

Preferably, the crushing hammer includes a connecting block and a plurality of crushing blades, the plurality of crushing blades are arranged on the connecting block at intervals, and the connecting block is hinged to the crushing knife shaft.

Preferably, the straw crushing and returning machine further includes a power transmission system, and the power transmission system includes a main gearbox, a picking-up transmission part and a crushing transmission part, and the picking-up transmission part and the crushing transmission part are respectively arranged on the frame sides of the body;

Wherein, the pick-up transmission part includes a pick-up drive pulley and a pick-up driven pulley, the pick-up drive pulley is connected to the first output shaft of the main gearbox, and the pick-up driven pulley is connected to the pick-up knife The shaft is connected, and the picking-up driving pulley and the picking-up driven pulley are connected through a picking-up synchronous belt;

The crushing transmission part includes a crushing driving pulley and a crushing driven pulley, the crushing driving pulley is connected with the second output shaft of the main gearbox, and the crushing driven pulley is connected with the crushing knife shaft , the crushing driving pulley and the crushing driven pulley are connected by a crushing synchronous belt.

Preferably, the stalk fine crushing machine also includes:

Stirring cage, arranged on the inside of the frame, the stirring cage includes a spiral stirring cage shaft and a stirring cage shell, the two ends of the spiral stirring cage shaft are rotatably fixed on the frame body, and the stirring cage shell The body covers the spiral stirring cage shaft, and the upper side of the stirring cage shell is provided with a straw inlet, and the crushed straw flying out of the crushing part enters the stirring cage through the straw inlet. Cage, said stirring cage housing is also provided with a stalk outlet;

A fan, the fan includes a fan housing and a fan impeller arranged in the fan housing, the fan housing is provided with a fan inlet and a fan outlet;

The inlet of the fan is set correspondingly to the outlet of the stalk, and the spiral cage shaft transports the stalk that enters the cage to the outlet of the straw, and enters the fan housing through the inlet of the fan. .

Preferably, a fan pumping cylinder is provided at the outlet of the fan for transporting the crushed straw to a designated location.

Preferably, the helical cage stirring shaft includes a left-handed blade of the cage shaft, a right-handed blade of the cage shaft, and a gear tooth of the cage shaft arranged between the left-handed blade and the right-handed blade of the cage shaft.

Preferably, the stalk finely crushing and returning machine also includes a power transmission system, and the power transmission system includes a main gearbox, a picking-up transmission part, a crushing transmission part, a cage-stirring transmission part and a fan transmission part;

Wherein, the pick-up transmission part includes a pick-up drive pulley and a pick-up driven pulley, the pick-up drive pulley is connected to the first output shaft of the main gearbox, and the pick-up driven pulley is connected to the pick-up knife The shaft is connected, and the picking-up driving pulley and the picking-up driven pulley are connected through a picking-up synchronous belt;

The pulverizing transmission part includes a pulverizing driving pulley and a pulverizing driven pulley, the pulverizing driving pulley is connected with the second output shaft of the main gearbox, and the pulverizing driven pulley is connected with the pulverizing knife shaft. One end is connected, and the crushing driving pulley and the crushing driven pulley are connected through a crushing synchronous belt;

The cage-stirring transmission part includes a cage-stirring driving pulley and a cage-stirring driven pulley, the cage-stirring driving pulley is connected to the other end of the crushing knife shaft, and the cage-stirring driven pulley is connected to the screw The cage shaft is connected, and the cage driving pulley and the cage driven pulley are connected through a cage synchronous belt.

The fan transmission part includes a fan power cardan shaft, a fan driving pulley and a fan driven pulley, one end of the fan power cardan shaft is connected to the third output shaft of the main gearbox, and the other end is connected to the The driving pulley of the fan is connected, the driven pulley of the fan is connected with the power input shaft of the fan, and the driving pulley of the fan is connected with the driven pulley of the fan through a synchronous belt of the fan.

(3) Beneficial effects

The above-mentioned technical scheme of the utility model has the following advantages: the finely crushed straw returning machine provided by the utility model includes a frame body, a picking part and a crushing part, and both the picking part and the crushing part are arranged in the frame body, wherein the picking part includes a picking knife Shaft, the pick-up hammer claw set on the pick-up knife shaft and the fixed knife set matched with the pick-up hammer claw, the crushing part includes the crushing knife shaft, the crushing hammer set on the crushing knife shaft and the crushing hammer matched with the crushing hammer Fixed knife group. The straw is picked up and crushed at least twice under the joint action of the picking part and the crushing part, so that the straw meets the requirement of returning to the field.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a stalk finely crushed returning machine according to the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a stalk finely crushed returning machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of another angle of the straw finely crushed field returning machine according to the embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a pick-up cutter shaft and pick-up hammer claws of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a pulverizing knife shaft and a pulverizing hammer according to an embodiment of the utility model;

Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic view of part A of the figure;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a deflector and a raking tine according to an embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a crushing screen according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part B of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the straw finely crushed returning machine according to the second embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stalk finely crushed returning machine according to the third embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a three-helix cage stirring shaft in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the straw finely crushed returning machine according to the third embodiment of the utility model.

In the figure: 1: frame body; 11: upper panel of frame body; 12: left panel of frame body; 13: right panel of frame body; 2: pick-up part; 21: pick-up knife shaft; 22: pick-up hammer claw; 23 : picking up fixed knife group; 231: picking up fixed knife; 3: crushing part; 31: crushing knife shaft; 32: crushing hammer; 321: connecting block; 322: crushing blade; 33: crushing fixed knife group; 331: crushing Knife; 4: Broken screen; 41: Longitudinal screen bars; 411: Tooth-like protrusions; 42: Horizontal screen bars; : the first output shaft; 73: the second output shaft; 74: the third output shaft; 8: pick up the transmission part; 81: pick up the driving pulley; 82: pick up the driven pulley; 83: pick up the timing belt; 9: smash Transmission part; 91: crushing drive pulley; 92: crushing driven pulley; 93: crushing synchronous belt; 10: reversing gearbox; 100: suspension frame; 200: main drive cardan shaft; 300: fan transmission part; 301 : fan driving pulley; 302: fan driven pulley; 303: fan synchronous belt; 304: fan power cardan shaft; 400: stirring cage; 401: stirring cage shell; 4011: straw inlet; 4012: straw Exit; 402: spiral cage shaft; 4021: left-handed blade of the cage shaft; 4022: right-handed blade of the cage shaft; 4023: gear teeth of the cage shaft; 500: fan; 501: fan casing; 5011: fan inlet; 502: Fan impeller; 503: Fan pumping cylinder; 504: Fan power input shaft; 600: Stirring cage transmission part; 601: Stirring cage driving pulley; 602: Stirring cage driven pulley; 603: Stirring cage synchronous belt.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described The embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention. Novel and simplified descriptions do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a A detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it may be an internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model in specific situations.

Embodiment one

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the finely crushed straw returning machine provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a frame body 1, a picking part 2 and a crushing part 3, wherein the picking part 2 and the crushing part 3 are arranged in the frame body 1, Specifically, the frame body 1 is a shell structure with an open bottom.

The pick-up part 2 includes a pick-up cutter shaft 21, a pick-up hammer claw 22 and a fixed pick-up knife group 23, and the two ends of the pick-up cutter shaft 21 are respectively connected with the frame body left enclosure 12 and the frame right enclosure 13 through bearings, so that the pick-up cutter shaft 21 can rotate relative to the frame body 1 , and a plurality of pick-up hammer claws 22 are arranged on the pick-up knife shaft 21 in a staggered interval. Preferably, the pick-up hammer claws 22 are hinged and fixed on the pick-up knife shaft 21 .

Preferably, the pick-up fixed knife group 23 is arranged at the front corner of the frame body upper panel 11, and the pick-up fixed knife set 23 includes a plurality of pick-up fixed knives 231, and a plurality of pick-up fixed knives 231 are arranged on the inner side of the frame body 1 at intervals , when picking up cutter shaft 21 to rotate, drive picking up hammer claw 22 to rotate, form annular airflow, realize stalk picking up. When the pick-up hammer claw 22 passes through the area where the fixed knife group 23 is located, the pick-up hammer claw 22 passes through the interval of the pick-up fixed knife 231, so that the pick-up hammer claw 22 and the pick-up fixed knife 231 form a strong shearing force, which has The straw with tough fiber characteristics has a very good crushing effect, and realizes the primary crushing of the straw.

Preferably, when the pick-up hammer claw 22 passes through the pick-up fixed knife group 23, the depth of the pick-up hammer claw 22 to pick up the fixed knife 231 is 1cm-3cm, and more preferably, the depth to the pick-up fixed knife 331 is 2cm.

Further, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, picking up hammer claw 22 is hingedly fixed on picking up cutter shaft 21, makes picking up hammer claw when working, stalk is subject to gravity and shear force simultaneously, improves crushing effect.

In one embodiment, the pick-up hammer claw 22 is a wide-section, high-mass, claw-toothed structure, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent pick-up hammer claws 22 is 5 cm. On the shaft 21, such a structure makes the picking knife shaft 21 form a greater impact force after high-speed rotation, and the annular airflow formed by the agitation is stronger, which is beneficial to the picking up and rolling adsorption of straw. The multiple pick-up fixed knives 231 of the pick-up fixed knife group 23 are arranged at a distance of 5 cm between the pick-up knife shaft 21 and the upper panel 11 of the frame, and there is a 2 cm intersection between the claw teeth of the pick-up hammer claw 22 and the pick-up fixed knives. depth, and the teeth of the pick-up hammer claw 22 pass through the middle of the distance between the adjacent pick-up fixed knives 231. After the pick-up knife shaft 21 rotates at a high speed, the claw teeth of the pick-up hammer claw and the pick-up fixed knife form a shearing motion. The structure is designed with the characteristics of tough fibers, so that the straw is subjected to the double force of impact and shear during the picking process.

The crushing part 3 comprises a crushing knife shaft 31, a crushing hammer 32 and a crushing fixed knife group 33, wherein the two ends of the crushing knife shaft 31 are respectively connected with the frame body right wall 13 of the frame left wall 12 through bearings, so that the crushing knife The shaft 31 can rotate relative to the frame body 1 , and a plurality of pulverizing hammers 32 are arranged on the pulverizing blade shaft 31 in a staggered interval. Preferably, the pulverizing hammers 32 are hinged and fixed on the pulverizing blade shaft 31 .

Preferably, the crushing fixed knife group 33 is arranged at the rear side corner of the frame upper panel 11, and the crushing fixed knife group 33 includes a plurality of crushing fixed knives 331, and the plurality of crushing fixed knives 331 are arranged on the inner side of the frame body 1 at intervals , when the crushing knife shaft 31 rotates, it drives the crushing hammers 32 to rotate, and when the crushing hammers 32 pass through the area where the crushing fixed knife group 23 is located, the crushing hammers 32 pass through the gap between the crushing fixed knives 331, so that the crushing hammers 32 forms stronger shearing force with pulverizing fixed knife 331.

Preferably, when the crushing hammer 32 passes through the crushing fixed knife set 33 , the crushing hammer 32 penetrates into the space between the crushing fixed knives 331 to a depth of 1 cm-3 cm, more preferably, the depth to the space between the crushing fixed knives 331 is 2 cm.

In this embodiment, the crushing hammer 32 includes a connection block 321 and a plurality of crushing blades 322 , the plurality of crushing blades 322 are arranged in parallel on the connection block 321 at intervals, and the connection block 321 is hinged and fixed on the crushing blade shaft 31 .

Although the larger stalks of most of the sizes can be rotated to the crushing fixed knife group 33 through the crushing hammer blade 32 and are crushed again, in order to avoid the larger stalks of some sizes directly falling to the ground, in some embodiments, further Ground, crushing screen 4 is set at the downside of pulverizing part 3, is used to prevent that longer stalk directly returns to the field. Specifically, the two ends of the crushing screen 4 are fixed on the frame body left wall 12 and the frame body right wall 13, and the longer straws fall on the crushing screen 4 and are taken away again by the crushing hammers 32 rotating at high speed. smash.

Preferably, the cross section of the crushing screen 4 is arc-shaped, so that the distances between each segment of the crushing screen 4 and the crushing shaft 31 or the crushing hammer 32 are the same, and the time for the crushing hammer 2 to be on the crushing screen 4 is increased.

In the present embodiment, the crushing screen 4 includes a plurality of longitudinal screen bars 41 and a plurality of transverse screen bars 42, and the plurality of longitudinal screen bars 41 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and preferably, the longitudinal screen bars 41 are arc-shaped sheets, and the horizontal screen bars 42 is perpendicular to the vertical screen bar 41, and a plurality of vertical screen bars 41 are connected together, and a plurality of horizontal screen bars 42 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the horizontal screen bar 42 is cylindrical, and when the crushing knife shaft 31 rotates, each crushing blade 321 Pass through the interval between two adjacent longitudinal screen bars 41, and go deep into the interval to prevent stalks from accumulating and blocking the broken screen 4 at this place. 1cm-3cm, more preferably, the depth into the longitudinal mesh bar 41 is 2cm.

Preferably, the distance between two adjacent longitudinal screen bars 41 is 3 cm; the distance between two adjacent horizontal screen bars 42 is 2 cm.

In the present embodiment, the crushing blades 321 arranged at five intervals pass through five intervals of the longitudinal sieve bar 41, so that the longer stalks can be crushed better.

Further, in order to improve the crushing effect, as shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, a plurality of tooth-shaped protrusions 411 are arranged at intervals on each longitudinal screen bar 41 to block larger stalks, and cooperate with the crushing hammer 32 The blocked stalk is pulverized again.

Further, the crushed straw returning machine of this example transmits power to the pick-up cutter shaft 21 and the crushing cutter shaft 31 through the power transmission system, so as to provide power for the picking-up part 2 and the crushing part 3 to realize picking up and crushing.

Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the power transmission system includes a main gearbox 7, a pick-up transmission part 8 and a crushing transmission part 9, wherein the main gearbox 7 includes a first input shaft 71, a first output The shaft 72 and the second output shaft 73, the first output shaft 71 is connected with the rear output power shaft of the tractor through the main transmission cardan shaft 200, and the first output shaft 72 and the second output shaft 73 are used for power output. The pick-up transmission part 8 is located on the left side of the frame body 1 , and the crushing transmission part 9 is located on the right side of the frame body 1 .

Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the pickup transmission part 8 includes a pickup driving pulley 81 and a pickup driven pulley 82, wherein the pickup driving pulley 81 is connected with the first output shaft 72 of the main gearbox 7, Picking up driven pulley 82 is connected with picking up cutter shaft 21, and picking up driving pulley 81 is connected with picking up driven pulley 82 by picking up synchronous belt 83.

The pulverizing transmission portion 9 comprises a pulverizing driving pulley 91 and a pulverizing driven pulley 92, wherein the pulverizing driving pulley 91 is connected with the second output shaft 73 of the main gearbox 7, and the pulverizing driven pulley 92 is connected with the pulverizing knife shaft 31 , The crushing driving pulley 91 is connected with the crushing driven pulley 92 through the crushing synchronous belt 93 .

In another embodiment, the pickup drive pulley 81 is sequentially connected to the first output shaft 71 through a power transfer shaft and a power cardan shaft. The crushing driving pulley 91 is connected with the second output shaft 72 through the power transfer shaft and the power cardan shaft in turn.

Of course, the picking unit and the crushing unit may not use the power transmission system, but use separate power systems to provide power. Since there are many ways to realize this solution in the prior art, so no details are given here.

It should also be noted that the shafts not mentioned in this embodiment can use structures such as adapter shafts and cardan shafts as required, and the above structures are all mature prior art, and will not be repeated here.

Further, in order to improve the efficiency of picking up stalks, as shown in Figure 2, preferably, a deflector 5 is set between the picking part 2 and the crushing part 3, and the two ends of the deflector 5 are respectively fixed on the left side of the frame body. On the coaming plate 12 and the right coaming plate 13 of the frame body, and also leave a certain interval between the top of the deflector plate 5 and the upper coaming plate 11 of the frame body, so that the crushing part 3 and the picking part 2 are communicated.

Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7, the deflector 5 is a concave arc-shaped plate, and the concave arc faces the direction of the pick-up cutter shaft 21. The effect is to form a high-speed air circulation, and the straw roll is adsorbed to the pick-up part 2, and then enters the crushing part 3 under the action of the frame wall.

Further, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 7, a rake part is provided on the lower side of the deflector 5, and the rake part includes a plurality of rake teeth 6 arranged at intervals, the rake teeth 6 are elastic, The stalks in the furrow and the stalks that have not been picked up can be hugged under the pick-up cutter shaft, so that these stalks can be picked up smoothly.

When in use, the rear power shaft of the tractor drives the main gearbox 7 through the main drive cardan shaft 200, and the main gearbox 7 drives the pickup drive pulley 81 and the crushing drive pulley 91 to rotate through the first output shaft 72 and the second output shaft 73 respectively. , and then drive to pick up the cutter shaft 21 and crush the cutter shaft 31 to rotate, make the picking up the cutter shaft 21 and the crushing cutter shaft 31 rotating speeds reach 2220 rpm, pick up the stalk that the hammer claw 22 hits on the ground at a high speed, and preliminarily pulverize the stalk , and utilize the air circulation formed by high-speed rotation to carry the initially pulverized stalk roll into the pick-up part 2, and rotate synchronously with the pick-up hammer claw 22, pick up the fixed knife group 23, the stalk is crushed again, and then the stalk The rod enters the crushing part 3, and under the joint action of the crushing hammer blade 32 and the crushing fixed knife group 33, the stalk is crushed again, and the stalk that reaches the requirement of returning to the field passes through the crushing sieve 4 to complete the returning of the stalk to the field. The bigger stalk of size falls on the crushing screen 4, and is pulverized again by crushing hammer blade 32, especially the stalk that is stopped by the tooth-shaped projection 411 on the crushing screen 4, and the crushing hammer blade 32 cooperates with the tooth-shaped projection 411 , the blocked stalks are pulverized again, and the stalks basically meet the requirements of returning to the field after being pulverized many times.

Embodiment two

As shown in Figure 10, the second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the similarities will not be repeated. The difference is that in order to make the main gearbox 7 smaller, two main gearboxes whose output shafts turn inconsistently will be used. Case 7, for such main gearbox 7, as shown in Figure 10, in the present embodiment two, reversing gear box 10 is set on frame body right turn plate 13, and crushing driving pulley 91 passes through reversing gear box 10 and the first The two output shafts 73 are connected, that is, after the pulverizing transmission part 9 is reversed by the reversing gear box 10, the direction of rotation of the pulverizing driving pulley 91 and the second output shaft 73 is opposite, but the pulverizing knife shaft 31 can be connected to the picking up knife shaft 21. The direction of rotation remains the same.

It should be noted that the reversing gear box 10 can also be installed on the side where the pick-up transmission part 8 is located, that is, by changing the rotation direction of the pick-up knife shaft 21, the pick-up knife shaft 21 and the crushing knife shaft 31 can keep the same rotation direction.

Embodiment three

The third embodiment is basically the same as the first or second embodiment, and the similarities will not be repeated. The difference is that, as shown in FIG. The spiral cage shaft 402 and the cage housing 401, the two ends of the spiral cage shaft 402 are rotatably fixed on the frame left panel 12 and the frame right panel 13 of the frame body 1, and the cage housing 401 covers The spiral cage shaft 402 is arranged to prevent the stalk from directly falling to the ground.

Further, the upper side of the stirring cage housing 401 is provided with a stalk inlet 4011, and the crushed stalks flying out from the crushing part 3 enter the stirring cage 400 by the straw inlet 4011, and the stirring cage housing 401 is also provided with a straw inlet 4011. The rod outlet 4012, the spiral cage shaft 402 stirs the stalk and transports the stalk to the stalk outlet 4012. Under the stirring effect of the spiral cage shaft 402, the stalks are evenly sprinkled on the ground by the sieve holes, and the stalks enter the blower fan.

In this embodiment, the spiral cage shaft 402 and the cage housing 401 work together to complete straw transportation, and discharge the airflow inside the body to form a circulation of the airflow.

Preferably, the straw outlet 4012 is arranged on the side of the cage housing 401, and is positioned in the middle of the axial direction, as shown in Figure 12, the left side of the spiral cage shaft 402 is provided with a left-handed blade 4021 of the cage shaft, and the right side is provided with Stir cage shaft right-handed blade 4022, be provided with in the middle part and stir cage shaft shifting tooth 4023, stir cage shaft left-handed blade 4021 and stir cage shaft right-handed blade 4022 can stir the stalk of cage housing 401 left side and right side respectively and transport to The middle part of the spiral stirring cage shaft 402, the stirring cage shaft shifting tooth 4023 assists to get the stalk out of the stalk outlet 4012.

Further, as shown in Figure 11, a crushing screen 4 is set on the lower side of the pulverizing part 3 to prevent long straw from directly returning to the field. The crushed stalk enters the stirring cage 400 after screening from the crushing screen 4. The specific structure and function of the crushing screen 4 are basically the same as those described in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

The stalk inlet 4011 of the cage housing 401 can fully accommodate the crushing sieve 4, that is, the stalks screened out in the sieve holes of the crushing sieve 4 can all be entered into the cage 400 for stirring.

As shown in Figure 11, a fan 500 is provided on the frame body 1 or other components near the frame body 1, which includes a fan housing 501, a fan impeller 502 arranged in the fan housing 501, specifically, the fan housing 501 is provided with Fan inlet 5011 and fan outlet are arranged, and fan inlet 5011 is set correspondingly with stalk outlet 4012, and the corresponding setting here refers to that stalk outlet 4012 and fan inlet 5011 are connected and arranged, so that the stalk in the stirring cage 400 passes through the stalk outlet 4012 and fan inlet 5011 are sucked into the fan, and then output from the fan outlet.

As shown in Figure 11, preferably, a fan pumping cylinder 503 is provided at the outlet of the fan. The stalk is transported to the raised ridge to return the stalk to the field.

In addition, the fan pumping cylinder 503 can also directly transport the crushed stalks to the following vehicle or to a collection bin (not shown) on the returning machine to facilitate the collection of stalks to make feed or fertilizer. This kind cooperates with following vehicles or self-contained collection bins to carry out straw crushing and collection, which in essence makes the straw fine crushing and returning machine realize the purpose of straw crushing and collection.

Wherein, the collection bin can be arranged on the frame body 1, and its collection port is arranged correspondingly to the outlet of the blower fan, and can directly collect the stalk discharged by the outlet of the fan fan. Any position on the returning field machine corresponding to the pumping cylinder, utilizes the fan pumping cylinder 503 to send the stalks to the collection bin.

As shown in Figure 11 and Figure 13, this embodiment also provides a power transmission system for the field returning machine of this embodiment, the power transmission system includes a main gearbox 7, a pick-up transmission part 8, a crushing transmission part 9, Stir cage transmission part 600 and blower fan transmission part 300 wherein, picking up transmission part 8 and described pulverization transmission part 9 are respectively arranged on both sides of frame body 1, and stirring cage transmission part 600 and picking up transmission part 8 are positioned at the same side of frame body 1 , the main gearbox 7 includes a first input shaft 71, a first output shaft 72, a second output shaft 73 and a third output shaft 74, and the first output shaft 71 is connected with the rear output power shaft of the tractor through the main drive cardan shaft 200 .

Concretely, pick-up drive unit 8 comprises pick-up driving pulley 81 and pick-up driven pulley 82, and pick-up driving pulley 81 is connected with the first output shaft 72 of main gearbox 7, and picks up driven pulley 82 and picks up cutter shaft 21 Connect, pick up driving pulley 81 and pick up driven pulley 82 and connect by picking up synchronous belt 83.

The pulverizing transmission section 9 comprises a pulverizing driving pulley 91 and a pulverizing driven pulley 92, the pulverizing driving pulley 91 is connected with the second output shaft 73 of the main gearbox 7, and the pulverizing driven pulley 92 is connected with one end of the pulverizing knife shaft 31 , The crushing driving pulley 91 and the crushing driven pulley 92 are connected by a crushing synchronous belt 93 .

The cage-stirring transmission part 600 includes a cage-stirring driving pulley 601 and a cage-stirring driven pulley 602, the cage-stirring driving pulley 601 is connected to the other end of the crushing knife shaft 31, and the cage-stirring driven pulley 602 is connected to the spiral cage-stirring shaft 102 Connect, stir cage driving pulley 601 and stir cage driven pulley 602 by stirring cage synchronous belt 603 and connect.

The fan transmission part 300 includes a fan power cardan shaft 304, a fan driving pulley 301 and a fan driven pulley 302. One end of the fan power cardan shaft 304 is connected with the third output shaft 74 of the main gearbox 7, and the other end is worn It is fixed on the fan driving pulley 301 , the fan driven pulley 302 is connected with the fan power input shaft 304 , and the fan driving pulley 301 and the fan driven pulley 302 are connected through the fan timing belt 303 .

Of course, the transmission part of the fan can also be connected with the cage shaft 402 through a synchronous pulley, which will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that, the transmission system in this embodiment can also use a reversing gearbox to change the transmission direction as described in Embodiment 2, and details will not be repeated here.

In summary, the finely crushed straw returning machine provided by the embodiment of the utility model includes a frame body, a picking part, a crushing part, a crushing screen and a power transmission system. The pick-up part and the crushing part are set in the frame body. The pick-up part includes the pick-up knife shaft, the pick-up hammer claw set on the pick-up knife shaft and the fixed knife set matched with the pick-up hammer claw. The crushing hammer on the top and the crushing fixed knife set matched with the crushing hammer. Under the joint action of the picking part, the crushing part and the crushing screen, the straw is crushed many times to meet the requirements of returning to the field.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. and range.

Claims (14)

1. A stalk finely crushing returning field machine is characterized in that, comprising: frame; The pick-up part is arranged on the inner side of the frame body. The pick-up part includes a pick-up cutter shaft, a pick-up hammer claw and a fixed pick-up knife group. The two ends of the pick-up cutter shaft are rotatably fixed on the frame body. The pick-up hammer claws are set on the pick-up knife shaft at staggered intervals, the pick-up fixed knife set includes a plurality of pick-up fixed knives, and a plurality of the pick-up fixed knives are arranged at intervals inside the frame body, the pick-up knife When the shaft rotates, it drives the pick-up hammer claw to rotate, and makes the pick-up hammer claw pass through the interval of picking up the fixed knife; The crushing part is arranged on the inside of the frame, and the crushing part includes a crushing knife shaft, a crushing hammer and a crushing fixed knife group. The two ends of the crushing knife shaft are rotatably fixed on the frame, and the crushing The hammer blades are arranged on the crushing knife shaft in a staggered interval, the crushing fixed knife set includes a plurality of crushing fixed knives, and a plurality of the crushing fixed knives are arranged at intervals inside the frame body, and the crushing knife shaft rotates At this time, the crushing hammers are driven to rotate, and the crushing hammers are allowed to pass through the gap between the crushing fixed knives. 2. The straw crushing and returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a deflector is provided between the picking part and the crushing part, and the upper part of the deflector is connected to the upper enclosure of the frame. There is a gap between them. 3. The straw fine crushing and returning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: it also includes a grass raking part, and the grass raking part includes a plurality of grass raking teeth arranged at intervals, and each grass raking spring tooth has a uniform end It is fixed on the deflector, and the other end protrudes out of the frame. 4. The stalk finely crushing and returning machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it also includes a crushing screen for screening stalks; The crushing screen comprises a plurality of longitudinal sieve bars and a plurality of horizontal sieve bars, the plurality of longitudinal sieve bars are arranged at intervals, the plurality of horizontal sieve bars are all perpendicular to the longitudinal sieve bars, and the plurality of horizontal sieve bars are arranged between, When the crushing knife shaft rotates, the crushing hammers pass through the gaps between the longitudinal screen bars. 5 . The straw crushing and returning machine according to claim 4 , wherein a plurality of tooth-shaped protrusions are arranged at intervals on each of the longitudinal sieve bars. 6 . 6. The straw crushing and returning machine according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: the distance between two adjacent longitudinal screen bars is 3 cm; the distance between two adjacent horizontal screen bars is 3 cm. The spacing is 2 cm. 7. The fine straw crushing and returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pick-up hammer claw is hinged on the pick-up cutter shaft. 8. The straw finely crushing and returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing hammer is hinged on the crushing knife shaft. 9. The straw finely crushing and returning machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: the crushing hammer comprises a connecting block and a plurality of crushing blades, and the plurality of crushing blades are arranged on the connecting block at intervals, so that The connecting block is hinged to the crushing knife shaft. 10. The straw fine crushing and returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a power transmission system, the power transmission system includes a main gearbox, a picking-up transmission part and a crushing transmission part, the picking-up transmission part and the crushing transmission part The crushing transmission parts are respectively arranged on both sides of the frame body; Wherein, the pick-up transmission part includes a pick-up drive pulley and a pick-up driven pulley, the pick-up drive pulley is connected to the first output shaft of the main gearbox, and the pick-up driven pulley is connected to the pick-up knife The shaft is connected, and the picking-up driving pulley and the picking-up driven pulley are connected through a picking-up synchronous belt; The crushing transmission part includes a crushing driving pulley and a crushing driven pulley, the crushing driving pulley is connected with the second output shaft of the main gearbox, and the crushing driven pulley is connected with the crushing knife shaft , the crushing driving pulley and the crushing driven pulley are connected by a crushing synchronous belt. 11. The straw fine crushing and returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes: Stirring cage, arranged on the inside of the frame, the stirring cage includes a spiral stirring cage shaft and a stirring cage shell, the two ends of the spiral stirring cage shaft are rotatably fixed on the frame body, and the stirring cage shell The body covers the spiral stirring cage shaft, and the upper side of the stirring cage shell is provided with a straw inlet, and the crushed straw flying out of the crushing part enters the stirring cage through the straw inlet. Cage, said stirring cage housing is also provided with a stalk outlet; A fan, the fan includes a fan housing and a fan impeller arranged in the fan housing, the fan housing is provided with a fan inlet and a fan outlet; The inlet of the fan is set correspondingly to the outlet of the stalk, and the spiral cage shaft transports the stalk that enters the cage to the outlet of the straw, and enters the fan housing through the inlet of the fan. . 12. The finely crushed straw returning machine according to claim 11, characterized in that: a fan pumping cylinder is provided at the outlet of the fan for transporting the crushed straw to a designated position. 13. The finely crushed straw returning machine according to claim 11, characterized in that: the spiral cage shaft comprises a left-handed blade of the cage shaft, a right-handed blade of the cage shaft, and a left-handed blade arranged on the cage shaft and a left-handed blade of the cage shaft The stirring cage shaft shifting teeth between the right-handed blades of the stirring cage shaft. 14. The straw crushing and returning machine according to claim 11, characterized in that: it also includes a power transmission system, and the power transmission system includes a main gearbox, a picking transmission part, a crushing transmission part, a cage stirring transmission part and a fan transmission department; Wherein, the pick-up transmission part includes a pick-up drive pulley and a pick-up driven pulley, the pick-up drive pulley is connected to the first output shaft of the main gearbox, and the pick-up driven pulley is connected to the pick-up knife The shaft is connected, and the picking-up driving pulley and the picking-up driven pulley are connected through a picking-up synchronous belt; The pulverizing transmission part includes a pulverizing driving pulley and a pulverizing driven pulley, the pulverizing driving pulley is connected with the second output shaft of the main gearbox, and the pulverizing driven pulley is connected with the pulverizing knife shaft. One end is connected, and the crushing driving pulley and the crushing driven pulley are connected through a crushing synchronous belt; The cage-stirring transmission part includes a cage-stirring driving pulley and a cage-stirring driven pulley, the cage-stirring driving pulley is connected to the other end of the crushing knife shaft, and the cage-stirring driven pulley is connected to the screw The cage shaft is connected, and the cage driving pulley and the cage driven pulley are connected through the cage synchronous belt; The fan transmission part includes a fan power cardan shaft, a fan driving pulley and a fan driven pulley, one end of the fan power cardan shaft is connected to the third output shaft of the main gearbox, and the other end is connected to the The driving pulley of the fan is connected, the driven pulley of the fan is connected with the power input shaft of the fan, and the driving pulley of the fan is connected with the driven pulley of the fan through a synchronous belt of the fan.