CN206895217U - Potato harvest and residual film recovery combine machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The combined operation machine for potato harvesting and residual film recovery provided by the utility model breaks through the practice of other potato harvesting machines that only dig without collecting plastic film, and adopts a new mechanism, that is, through a two-stage conveying mechanism, the soil and potatoes are conveyed by a shaking mechanism in the first stage The lower layer of the movement, the straw and the plastic film move on the upper layer of the first-level conveying shaking mechanism, and the soil and potatoes conveyed by the shaking mechanism fall after the first-level conveying, and the straw and the plastic film move upward along the second-level conveying mechanism, and the plastic film is rolled. The collecting device collects the stalks and throws them back to the field. Since the stalks fall out behind the potatoes, it is avoided to bury the stalks in the ground and interfere with picking up the potatoes. At the same time, separating the mulch film straw from the soil and potato mixture is beneficial to the conveying and shaking device to better separate the potatoes from the soil and recover the residual film. The utility model has moderate volume, light weight, simple and exquisite hierarchical structure, convenience and flexibility, and improves working efficiency.

Description

Combined operation machine for potato harvesting and residual film recovery

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a combined operation machine for potato harvesting and residual film recovery.

Background technique

In recent years, the potato planting industry has developed rapidly, and the output has increased year by year, resulting in huge economic benefits. At present, potatoes in our country are mainly excavated by hand and semi-mechanized. Many potato harvesting machines in China directly dig out potatoes, let them return to the field together with straw, plastic film, etc., and then rely on manual sorting, which is labor intensive. very huge. Therefore, the development of the potato industry is limited to a certain extent. At the same time, during the excavation process of this excavation method, the fallen soil will bury the potatoes, straw, and plastic film in the field, which brings economic losses to the farmers and also brings additional labor burdens to the farmers.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to propose a combined operation machine for potato harvesting and residual film recovery with simple structure and the function of residual film recovery in view of the shortcomings of existing potato harvesting machines.

Adopt following technical scheme for solving the technical problem of the present utility model:

A combined operation machine for potato harvesting and residual film recovery, including a frame and a transmission mechanism, a ground wheel mechanism is installed at the rear of the frame, a crossbeam is installed at the front end of the frame, and a traction suspension device is provided on the crossbeam. A gearbox is installed in the middle of the crossbeam, and a film-moving shovel is installed below the crossbeam. A fractional screen is installed obliquely on the rear frame of the film-lifting shovel. The fractional screen includes a soil-shaking chain, and the soil-shaking chain It is composed of rubber belts and support rods at equal distances. The earth-shaking chain is set between the first driving shaft and the first driven support roller, and the first driven support roller is installed on the frame behind the film lifting shovel. Above, the first support roller is installed on the frame behind the first driven support roller, the first support roller is located below the soil shaking chain, and the frame above the first support roller is installed with The second support roller, the second support roller is installed in the middle of the shaker chain, and the second fixed shaft is installed on the frame behind the second support roller, and the two ends of the second fixed shaft are provided with shaking wheels , the second fixed axis is located in the middle of the shaking chain, the shaking wheel is a three-cylinder structure, and the central axes of the three cylinders form a triangle with an arbitrary angle of 120° on the same plane perpendicular to it. Periodic meshing of soil chains produces shaking. The first driving shaft is installed on the rear frame of the second fixed shaft, and plum blossom wheels are installed on both sides of the first driving shaft. The clearance between them is matched; the first driving shaft is installed on the frame at the oblique bottom, the lower end of the first driving shaft is provided with a second driven support wheel, and the second driven support wheel is mounted on the frame above the rear A second driving shaft is installed, sprockets are installed on both sides of the second driving shaft, a number of equidistant round wheels are installed on the second driving shaft, and support rods are equidistantly arranged on the round wheels, A residual film conveying mechanism is obliquely installed between the second driven support wheel and the second driving shaft, and the residual film conveying mechanism includes a large-pitch chain, and second support rods with equal spacing are installed on the chain, so Iron wires are arranged between the second support rods, and a small frame is arranged on the rear of the frame below the rear of the second driving shaft, and a residual film collecting device is installed on the small frame.

The residual film collection device includes a roll film shaft, on which a cone barrel and a roll film thorn are installed, and the roll film thorn is adsorbed on a fixed hole of the cone barrel, and the roll film thorn includes a cone The bottom of the cone thorn is equipped with a magnet, and the magnet is fixed on the cone thorn by screws. One end of the film roll shaft is connected with the short shaft, and the other end of the film roll shaft is connected with the roll film removal device. Cooperate.

The film roll removal device includes large pitch bolts, the large pitch bolts are installed on the film roll shaft, the top of the large pitch bolts is engaged with one end of the film roll shaft, and the residual film is controlled by rotating the large pitch bolts Disassembly of the collection device.

The transmission mechanism includes a driving sprocket, the driving sprocket is installed on the output shaft of the gearbox, a crossbeam is installed at the front end of the frame, a traction suspension device is provided on the crossbeam, and a gearbox is installed in the middle of the crossbeam , the driving sprocket is connected with the first driving sprocket through a chain, the first driving sprocket is installed on one side of the first driving shaft, and the first driving shaft outside the first driving sprocket is installed with a second Two sprockets, the second sprocket is connected with the second driving sprocket by a chain, the second driving sprocket is installed on one side of the second driving shaft, and the second driving shaft inside the second driving sprocket A third sprocket is installed on the top, and the third sprocket is connected with the fourth sprocket through a chain, and the fourth sprocket is installed on the short shaft.

The ground wheel mechanism includes a walking wheel, a height adjustment handwheel, a screw mandrel, a screw cap, a ground wheel frame, and a ground wheel shaft. It is installed on one end of the ground wheel shaft, and the other end of the ground wheel shaft is equipped with a walking wheel, the screw rod is matched with the screw mandrel, and the height adjustment handwheel is installed at the other end of the screw mandrel.

The bottom of the beam is provided with a first fixed shaft, the first fixed shaft is equipped with a film lifting shovel through a large shovel frame, and the two ends of the first fixed shaft are provided with adjustment devices for adjusting depth, and the adjustment device is controlled by bolts. control.

The frame and the small frame are connected by bolts, with the bolt as the center, and the small frame can be adjusted from 0° to 45° along the slot holes of the bolts.

The joint operation machine for potato harvesting and residual film recovery researched by this utility model breaks through the practice of other potato harvesting machines that only dig without collecting plastic film, and adopts a new mechanism, that is, through a two-stage conveying mechanism, the soil and potatoes are conveyed by a shaking mechanism in the first stage The lower layer of the movement, the straw and the plastic film move on the upper layer of the first-level conveying shaking mechanism, and the soil and potatoes conveyed by the shaking mechanism fall after the first-level conveying, and the straw and the plastic film move upward along the second-level conveying mechanism, and the plastic film is rolled. The collecting device collects, and the stalks are thrown back to the field. Since the stalks fall out behind the potatoes, it is avoided to bury the stalks in the ground and interfere with picking up the potatoes. At the same time, separating the mulch film straw from the soil and potato mixture is beneficial to the conveying and shaking device to better separate the potatoes from the soil and recover the residual film. The utility model has the advantages of moderate volume, light weight, simple and exquisite hierarchical structure, convenience and flexibility, reduces the labor intensity of staff, and improves work efficiency at the same time.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the transmission structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of residual film delivery mechanism of the present utility model;

Fig. 5 is the structure schematic diagram of shaking soil chain of the present utility model;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a residual film collecting device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the roll film thorn of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the roll film dismantling device of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the vibrating wheel of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the ground wheel mechanism of the present invention.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of combined operation machine of potato harvesting and residual film recovery comprises frame 29, and beam 5 is installed at the front end of said frame 29, and traction suspension device 4 is welded on the beam 5, and the middle part of beam is installed There is a gearbox 6, the first fixed shaft 28 is installed under the beam, the first fixed shaft 28 is equipped with a film shovel 1 through a support rod 30, and a fractional screen 2 is installed behind the film shovel 1, and the film shovel 1 is located at The front end of the crossbeam 5 and the two ends of the first fixed shaft 28 are welded with an adjusting device 27 for adjusting the depth, and the adjusting device is controlled by a bolt 26. The rear frame 29 of the film lifting shovel 1 is obliquely installed with 2, and the fractional screen 2 includes The soil shaking chain 43, as shown in Figure 5, the soil shaking chain 43 is composed of the rubber belt 3 and the support rod 7 at equal distances, and the soil shaking chain 43 is set between the first driving shaft 21 and the first driven support roller 36 , the first driven support roller 36 is installed on the frame 29 at the rear of the film shovel 1, and the first support roller 35 is installed on the frame 29 behind the first driven support roller 36, and the first support roller 35 is positioned at the shaking Below the soil chain 43, the second support roller 34 is installed on the frame 29 above the first support roller 35 rear, and the second support roller 34 is installed in the middle of the earth shaking chain 43, and the machine at the second support roller 34 rear Shaking wheel 33 is installed on the frame 29, and shaking wheel 33 is installed on the vibrating shaft 32, and vibrating shaft 32 is positioned at the middle of shaking soil chain 43, and shaking wheel 33 is as shown in Figure 9, and described shaking wheel 33 is three cylindrical structures, The arbitrary angle of the triangle formed by the central axes of the three cylinders on the same plane perpendicular to it is 120°, which is periodically meshed with the earth-shaking chain 3 to generate shaking, and the first drive shaft 21 is installed on the frame 29 behind the vibration shaft 32 , the two sides of the first drive shaft 21 are equipped with plum blossom wheels 8, the teeth of the plum blossom wheels 8 are located in the gaps of the soil shaking chain 43 to form a fit, and the second driven support is installed on the frame 29 obliquely below the first drive shaft 24 Wheel 20, the second drive shaft 16 is installed on the frame 29 above the back of the second driven support wheel 20, and the both sides of the second drive shaft 16 are equipped with sprocket wheels 11, and equidistant distribution is installed between sprocket wheels 11. Round wheel 38, round wheel 38 prevents residual film from being involved and wound on the second drive shaft 16. On the round wheel 38, support rods 37 at equal intervals are welded, and a residual film conveying mechanism is obliquely installed between the second driven supporting wheel 20 and the second driving shaft 16. As shown in Figure 4, the residual film conveying mechanism includes large joints Distance from chain 12, on chain 12, the equal second support bar 10 of spacing is installed, is welded with iron wire 39 on the second support bar 10, and on the frame 29 of second drive shaft 16 rear bottom, is installed with the machine that fixes roll film device. The frame 45, the frame 29 and the frame 45 are connected by the first bolt 44 and the second bolt 46. With the first bolt 44 as the center, the frame 45 can carry out lateral 0° to 45° along the slot hole of the second bolt 46. Adjustment, a residual film collection device is installed on the frame 45, as shown in Figure 6, the residual film collection device includes a film roll shaft 41, and a cone barrel 14 and a film roll thorn 13 are installed on the film roll shaft 41, and the film roll barb 13 is adsorbed on the fixed hole position of the cone barrel 14, as shown in Figure 7, the roll film thorn 13 includes the cone thorn 13-1, and the bottom of the cone thorn 13-1 is equipped with a magnet 13-2, and the magnet 13-2 is connected by a screw 13-3 is fixed on the cone spine 13-1, and the magnet 13-2 sucks the cone spine 13-1, so that the cone spine 13-1 can be pulled out when the residual film is removed, and the left end of the film roll shaft 41 and the short axis 15 is connected and matched by bolts, and the right end of the film roll shaft 41 cooperates with the film roll removal device. The top end of the pitch bolt 42 is engaged with the right end of the film winding shaft 41 , and the disassembly of the residual film collecting device is controlled by rotating the bolt 42 . As shown in Figure 10, the ground wheel mechanism is installed in the rear of the frame 29, and the ground wheel mechanism includes a walking wheel 19, a height adjustment hand wheel 9, a screw mandrel 47, a wire rod 48, a ground wheel frame 49, a ground wheel shaft 50, and a ground wheel frame 49 is installed in the square steel of frame 29 rears, and the upper end of ground wheel frame 49 welds wire to take off 48, and the lower end welds an end of ground wheel shaft 50, and the other end of ground wheel shaft 50 is installed walking wheel 19, and an end of screw mandrel 47 is installed on wire On the 48, the height adjustment handwheel 9 is welded on the other end of the screw mandrel 47. The height adjustment hand wheel 9 adjusts the height of the ground wheel mechanism by turning left or right, and cooperates with the three-point suspension to adjust the depth of entry into the soil, which also has a limited deep effect. As shown in Fig. 3, transmission mechanism comprises driving sprocket 25, and driving sprocket 25 is installed on the output shaft 24 of gearbox 6, and driving sprocket 25 is connected with first driving sprocket 23 by chain, and described first driving chain Wheel 23 is installed on one side of the first drive shaft 21, and second sprocket wheel 22 is installed on the first drive shaft 21 outside the first drive sprocket wheel 23, and second sprocket wheel 22 is connected with the second drive sprocket wheel 17 by chain , the second driving sprocket 17 is installed on one side of the second driving shaft 16, the second driving shaft 16 inside the second driving sprocket 17 is equipped with a third sprocket 18, the third sprocket 18 is connected with the chain through the chain The fourth sprocket 31 is connected, and the fourth sprocket 31 is installed on the short shaft 15 .

The whole working process: as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the driving sprocket 25 is connected with the first driving sprocket 23 by a chain, the second sprocket 22 is connected with the second driving sprocket 17 by a chain, the third sprocket 18 is connected with the first driving sprocket The four sprockets 31 are connected by chains. When the equipment is being pulled forward, the film removing shovel 1 goes deep into the ground to raise the potatoes and mulch straw soil, and the power output by the gearbox 6 is transmitted to the first driving sprocket 23 through the driving sprocket 25. The first driving sprocket 23 drives the plum blossom teeth 8 to move, and the plum blossom teeth 8 drive the soil shaking chain 43 to move, and the soil shaking chain 43 drives the movement of the vibrating wheel 33, and the soil shaking chain 43 transports the soil clods, potatoes and mulch stalks to the rear, A part of soil block then falls back to cultivated land through the gap of shaking soil chain 43, and another part of soil potato then refers to the gap between shaking soil chain 43 and the residual film conveying mechanism at the top of shaking soil chain 43 and falls back to cultivated land. The local film and stalks drop onto the residual film conveying mechanism at the top of the soil shaking chain 43, the second driving sprocket 17 of the remaining film conveying mechanism is connected with the second sprocket 22, and the second sprocket 22 transmits power to the second driving sprocket. Sprocket 17, the second driving sprocket 17 strongly drives the residual film conveying mechanism to move, and the residual film and straw are conveyed to the rear. When the residual film and straw move to the top of the residual film conveying mechanism, the third sprocket 18 and the fourth The sprocket 31 is connected by a chain, the third sprocket 18 sends strong power to the fourth sprocket 31, and the fourth sprocket 31 is brought to the residual film collection device to rotate, and the film roll thorn 13 inserts the plastic film, and under the drive of the rotation The plastic film is wound on the cone barrel 14, and finally the stalks are thrown back to the field while the plastic film is collected.

Claims (7)

1. A potato harvesting and residual film reclaiming combined operating machine, comprising a frame and a transmission mechanism, a ground wheel mechanism is installed at the rear of the frame, a crossbeam is installed at the front end of the frame, and a traction suspension is provided on the crossbeam, A gearbox is installed in the middle of the crossbeam, and it is characterized in that: a film lifting shovel (1) is installed under the crossbeam (5), and a branch is installed on the rear frame (29) of the film lifting shovel (1). type sieve (2), the sub-type sieve (2) includes a soil-shaking chain (43), and the soil-shaking chain (43) is composed of rubber belts (3) and support rods (7) equidistantly, the The shaker chain (43) is set between the first drive shaft (21) and the first driven support roller (36), and the first driven support roller (36) is installed on the machine behind the film lifting shovel (1). On the frame (29), the first support roller (35) is installed on the frame (29) behind the first driven support roller (36), and the first support roller (35) is located on the shaker chain (43 ), the second support roller (34) is installed on the frame (29) behind and above the first support roller (35), and the second support roller (34) is installed on the shaker chain (43) In the middle of the second support roller (34), the second fixed shaft (32) is installed on the frame (29) behind the second support roller (34), and the two ends of the second fixed shaft (32) are provided with shaking wheels (33), The second fixed shaft (32) is located in the middle of the shaking chain (43), the shaking wheel (33) is a three-cylinder structure, and the central axes of the three cylinders form a triangle on the same plane perpendicular to it. The arbitrary angle is 120°, and it periodically engages with the shaker chain (43) to generate shaking. The first driving shaft (21) is installed on the rear frame (29) of the second fixed shaft (32). The first driving shaft A plum blossom wheel (8) is installed on both sides of the shaft (21), and the tooth position of the plum blossom wheel (8) is matched with the clearance of the earth-shaking chain (43); the first drive shaft (21) is installed obliquely below On the frame (29), the lower end of the first driving shaft (21) is provided with a second driven support wheel (20), and the frame (29) above the second driven support wheel (20) is A second driving shaft (16) is installed, sprocket wheels (11) are installed on both sides of the second driving shaft (16), and several circular wheels ( 38), the round wheel (38) is provided with support rods (37) at equal intervals, and a residual film conveying mechanism is installed obliquely between the second driven support wheel (20) and the second driving shaft (16), The residual film conveying mechanism includes a large-pitch chain (12), on which second support rods (10) with equal spacing are installed, and iron wires (10) are arranged between the second support rods (10). 39), a small frame (45) is arranged on the rear and lower frame (29) of the second driving shaft (16), and a residual film collecting device is installed on the small frame (45). 2. A combined operation machine for potato harvesting and residual film recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the residual film collecting device includes a film roll shaft (41), and the top of the film roll shaft (41) is installed There are cone barrels (14) and film thorns (13), the film thorns (13) are adsorbed on the fixed holes of the cone barrel (14), and the film thorns (13) include cone thorns (13- 1), the bottom of the thorn (13-1) is equipped with a magnet (13-2), and the magnet (13-2) is fixed on the thorn (13-1) by a screw (13-3), One end of the film roll shaft (41) is connected to the short shaft (15), and the other end of the film roll shaft (41) is matched with the film roll removal device. 3. A combined operation machine for potato harvesting and residual film recovery according to claim 2, characterized in that: the roll film removal device includes large-pitch bolts (42), and the large-pitch bolts (42) are installed On the film roll shaft (41), the top end of the large-pitch bolt (42) is engaged with one end of the film roll shaft (41), and the disassembly of the residual film collection device is controlled by rotating the large-pitch bolt (42). 4. A combined operation machine for potato harvesting and residual film recovery according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the transmission mechanism includes a driving sprocket (25), and the driving sprocket (25) is installed on the transmission On the output shaft (24) of the box (6), a beam (5) is installed at the front end of the frame (29), the beam (5) is provided with a traction suspension device (4), and the middle part of the beam (5) A gearbox (6) is installed, the driving sprocket (25) is connected with the first driving sprocket (23) through a chain, and the first driving sprocket (23) is installed on one of the first driving shaft (21) side, the second sprocket (22) is installed on the first driving shaft (21) outside the first driving sprocket (23), and the second sprocket (22) is connected with the second driving sprocket ( 17) connection, the second driving sprocket (17) is installed on one side of the second driving shaft (16), and the second driving shaft (16) inside the second driving sprocket (17) is installed with the second Three sprockets (18), the third sprocket (18) is connected to the fourth sprocket (31) through a chain, and the fourth sprocket (31) is installed on the short shaft (15). 5. A combined operation machine for potato harvesting and residual film recovery according to claim 4, characterized in that: the ground wheel mechanism includes a walking wheel (19), a height adjustment hand wheel (9), a screw rod (47) , wire cap (48), ground wheel frame (49), ground wheel shaft (50), the ground wheel frame (49) is installed on the frame (29), and the upper end of the ground wheel frame (49) is installed with a wire cap (48), the lower end is installed on one end of the ground wheel shaft (50), and the other end of the ground wheel shaft (50) is equipped with a running wheel (19), and the threaded cap (48) cooperates with the screw mandrel (47), and the threaded The other end of bar (47) is installed height adjustment handwheel (9). 6. A combined operation machine for potato harvesting and residual film recovery according to claim 5, characterized in that: a first fixed axis (28) is provided under the beam (5), and the first fixed axis ( 28) The film lifting shovel (1) is installed through the large shovel frame (30), the two ends of the first fixed shaft (28) are provided with an adjustment device (27) for adjusting the depth, and the adjustment device (27) is composed of a bolt ( 26) Control. 7. A combined operation machine for potato harvesting and residual film recovery according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: the frame (29) and the small frame (45) are composed of the first bolt (44) and the second Two bolts (46) are connected, with the first bolt (44) as the center, the small frame (45) can be adjusted laterally from 0° to 45° along the slotted hole of the second bolt (46).