CN206801974U - Heat pump system - Google Patents
Heat pump system Download PDFInfo
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- CN206801974U CN206801974U CN201720610343.9U CN201720610343U CN206801974U CN 206801974 U CN206801974 U CN 206801974U CN 201720610343 U CN201720610343 U CN 201720610343U CN 206801974 U CN206801974 U CN 206801974U
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- spiral
- point
- agent structure
- guiding channel
- guide passage
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Abstract
It the utility model is related to heat pump system, the pump housing of fluid media (medium) is filled with including inside, the both ends of the pump housing have medium inlet and media outlet respectively, it is characterised by, the pump housing includes the overall agent structure in double-layer spiral cannula-like, and rely on and be formed at the spiral Inner guide passage in the agent structure and spiral outer flow-guiding channel, the spiral Inner guide passage is interval in inside and outside agent structure inside spin wall with the spiral outer flow-guiding channel；Electric heating element sealing is embedded in the agent structure inside spin wall and reserved in hole position, and the agent structure inside spin wall is provided with fluid through-hole.The utility model heat utilization efficiency improves more than 25%, and structure is simpler rationally, sturdy and durable non-maintaining, miscellaneous without friction vibrations, noiseless and chemical dirt, has wide range of applications.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of energy conversion device, specifically, be it is a kind of can will be in heat energy a part it is straight
Switch through the heat pump system for turning to hydraulic energy, promoting heat energy utilization, belong to technical field of heat exchange device.
Background technology
The device changed and transmitted currently used for heat energy mainly includes heat pump, heat pipe, mechanical pump, electric heater etc..Such heat
Although switch can change transferring heat energy, all there is big, low, complicated, energy the exchange of heat utilization efficiency of consuming energy
With the critical defect of transport deficiency.
China is the poor country of per capita resources, but it is huge to waste especially energy waste.It is single to be analyzed from coal consumption, from
1,000,000,000 tons of 90 years, hundred million tons are increased to more than 40 in 2015, and with the development of urbanization, the demand of coal can be continual
Increase, therefore produce resource and accelerate many unfavorable factors such as exhaustion, air, water and soil pollution exacerbation, have a strong impact on that China is sustainable
Development strategy and the health of the people.
By taking the flood irrigation formula collective heating that northern China warming is taken as an example, according to statistics, China's annual winter is used to supply
Warm coal consumption reaches 1,500,000,000 tons, and rough Statistics waste 1/2 coal every year, and power consumption is quite big, waste is caused to resource, to ring
Border causes pollution.
Publication number CN2112025U is applicant in the utility model patent of application in 1992, and its patent name is " vortex
Formula guide pump ".Technology contents disclosed in the patent mainly solve the problems, such as heat carrier medium from disorder to order, but due to
Heat power supply device is located at outside the pump housing, only axial diversion part, therefore guide pump energy transfer and conversion disclosed in the technical scheme
Rate is relatively low.
Hereafter, applicant is directed to such thermal pump research that can convert heat energy into hydraulic energy always.
On August 11st, 2004, applicant have applied for the utility application of a kind of entitled " thermal pump ", and it authorizes public
Announcement number is CN100410548C.Technical scheme disclosed in the patent is based on previous " eddy current type guide pump ", there is provided a kind of structure
More rationally, transmitting and converting energy velocity faster, energy-conservation and the more preferable heat exchange transfer device of heat-transfer effect.Its structure is main
It is that heat power supply device and axial diversion part have been sequentially arranged in the pump housing, and footpath is devised between pump housing inwall and axial diversion part
To conducting element.Heat is strengthened with this and hands over heat and transmission effect.
Hereafter, above-mentioned " thermal pump " in application process, still there is some technology drawbacks, through studying its main cause
Be pump body design axial diversion and radial direction flow-guiding structure connecting it is bad, offer one is difficult to the heat-conducting medium of its inside
Individual successional axial circulation space, the damping that medium is subject to is bigger, thus it is continuous in the pump housing to result in heat-conducting medium
Property not strong, axial thrust deficiency, circulation ability is poor, heat utilization rate deficiency, and hydraulic energy caused by the pump housing is difficult to meet actual
Power demand.
In view of above-mentioned background, applicant by concentrating on studies for many years, proposes the heat pump system of the application again.
The content of the invention
The utility model is aimed to solve the problem that for rate of heat exchange existing for existing thermal pump is low, consume energy big, seriously polluted, resource
The major technique defect such as waste, so provide it is a kind of have scientific structure design rationally, transmitting and converting heat energy speed faster, it is inorganic
Tool frottage and noise, obvious energy conservation, the heat pump system of high-efficiency environment friendly.
To solve the above problems, technical scheme is used by the utility model：
Heat pump system, including the internal pump housing 3 for being filled with fluid media (medium), the both ends of the pump housing 3 have medium respectively
Entrance 1 and media outlet 2, are characterized in that, the pump housing 3 includes the overall agent structure 4 in double-layer spiral cannula-like, with
And rely on and be formed in the agent structure 4：
Spiral Inner guide passage 4-1, is axially formed in the middle part of the agent structure 4, and its one end enters with the medium
Mouth 1 communicates, and the other end communicates with the media outlet 2；
Spiral outer flow-guiding channel 4-2, coiled coil are kept in the periphery of the spiral Inner guide passage 4-1 and with it
The same hand of spiral；The spiral Inner guide passage 4-1 is respectively separated in body junction with the spiral outer flow-guiding channel 4-2
Inside and outside structure inside spin wall 4-3；
Electric heating element 5, sealing is embedded in the agent structure inside spin wall 4-3 and reserved in hole position, to the agent structure
And its fluid media (medium) in the spiral Inner guide passage 4-1 of both sides and spiral outer flow-guiding channel 4-2 provides heating；
The agent structure inside spin wall 4-3 be provided be used to connecting the spiral Inner guide passage 4-1 with it is spiral
Outer flow-guiding channel 4-2 fluid through-hole 4-4.
The spiral Inner guide passage 4-1 and the spiral cross sectional shapes of outer flow-guiding channel 4-2 in the axial direction can be
Continuous wave section or continuous toothed segment；
When the spiral Inner guide passage 4-1 and the cross sectional shapes of spiral outer flow-guiding channel 4-2 in the axial direction are company
During continuous wave section, the wave section has a trough low spot X, and the both sides high point adjacent with the trough low spot X defines respectively
For primary peak high point Y and secondary peak high point Y1, to pass through trough low spot X and primary peak high point Y two vertical axises respectively
The intersection point of line is origin O, then OY is more than zero, and the origin O to the trough low spot X distance OX should be less than two adjacent troughs
The distance between low spot XX1, it is arc, the trough low spot X and institute between the trough low spot X and primary peak high point Y
It is straightway or arc to state between secondary peak high point Y1；
When the spiral Inner guide passage 4-1 and the cross sectional shapes of spiral outer flow-guiding channel 4-2 in the axial direction are company
During continuous toothed segment, the toothed segment has a tooth root point Z, and the both sides high point adjacent with the tooth root point Z is respectively defined as
One crown point H and the second crown point H1；Using pass through respectively tooth root point Z and the first crown point H two vertical axis intersection point to be former
Point O, then the distance between origin O to the first crown point H should be greater than zero, i.e. OH ＞ 0；The origin O is between the tooth root point Z
Distance OZ be more than or equal to zero or less than zero, i.e. OZ >=0 or OZ ＜ 0；The origin O to the distance between tooth root point Z OZ should be small
In the distance between two adjacent tooth root points ZZ1, i.e. OZ< ZZ1；It is straight between the tooth root point Z and the first crown point H
Line segment, it is straightway between the tooth root point Z and the second crown point H1.
The spiral outer flow-guiding channel 4-2 is formed at encloses the helix tube intracavitary set by the agent structure 4, outside it
Week is coated by agent structure outer sleeve 4-5 and sealed.
Further, in order to strengthen the heat-insulating property of the pump housing 3, the outer wall of the outer sleeve 4-5 is coated with thermal insulation separation
Thermosphere 7；The shell body 8 as overcoat is provided with the periphery of the heat insulation layer 7.
As preferable structure, the fluid through-hole 4-4 is provided with two, is opened in respectively and is adjacent to medium inlet 1 and is situated between
On the agent structure inside spin wall 4-3 of matter outlet 2；
The agent structure 4 of the pump housing 3 is using superconduction temperature ceramic material；The electric heating element 5 is using electric heating
Silk；The fluid media (medium) is using water；
The spiral Inner guide passage 4-1, spiral outer flow-guiding channel 4-2 and electric heating element 5 are in the whole pump housing 3
The hand of spiral and lead angle are consistent.
The both sides end face of the pump housing 3 is respectively equipped with sealing ring 9.
A kind of heating plant or heat abstractor, are characterized in that, using above-mentioned heat pump system, the heating plant
Or heat abstractor can be boiler, floor heating, bed accessory or water heater.
A kind of heat pump system of the present utility model, with heat pump, heat pipe, mechanical pump, the electricity using traditional heat exchange method
The heat-exchange devices such as hot device are compared, and heat utilization efficiency greatly improves, in the existing heating power with axial diversion part and radial direction conducting element
On the basis of pump, heat utilization efficiency is improved more than 25%, is characterized in that structure is simpler rationally, sturdy and durable non-maintaining, nothing
Friction vibrations, noiseless and chemical dirt are miscellaneous, have wide range of applications, scientific and technological vitality is lasting, available for health care bed accessory, floor heating, electricity
The heat utilization mode such as the numerous areas such as water heater, boiler improvement, alternative collective's heating, air-conditioning, suitable for occupying family, enterprises and institutions' list
Position, the home for the aged, frontier defense polar region card institute, spaceship etc. need to change all areas of life condition.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Heat pump system half section structure diagram of the present utility model；
Fig. 2：The cross-sectional shapes of embodiment 1 are the flow-guiding channel structural representation of wave section；
Fig. 3：The cross-sectional shapes of embodiment 2 are the flow-guiding channel structural representation of wave section
Fig. 4：The cross-sectional shapes of embodiment 3 are the flow-guiding channel structural representation of toothed segment；
In figure, 1, medium inlet, 2, media outlet, 3, the pump housing, 4, agent structure, 4-1, spiral Inner guide passage,
4-2, spiral outer flow-guiding channel, 4-3, agent structure inside spin wall, 4-4, fluid through-hole, 4-5, agent structure outer sleeve, 5,
Electric heating element, 7, heat insulation layer, 8, shell body, 9, sealing ring, X, trough low spot, Y, primary peak high point, Y1, secondary peak
High point, O, origin, Z, tooth root point, H, the first crown point, H1, the second crown point.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing 1-4 is described in detail below to the utility model heat pump system below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of heat pump system, fluid is filled with media outlet 2, inside with medium inlet 1, the other end by one end
The pump housing 3 of medium, and surround the heat insulation layer 7 of the periphery of the pump housing 3 and shell body 8 combines, wherein the pump
The agent structure 4 of body 3 uses superconduction temperature ceramic material, and it is integrally in double-deck screw-casing tubulose, around the agent structure 4
Shape and structure, form the spiral Inner guide passage 4-1 and spiral outer flow-guiding channel 4-2 of the pump housing 3, inside and outside two spiral shells
The flow-guiding channel of rotation forms the spiral stream guidance passage of bilayer in the agent structure of axial direction；Wherein, the spiral Inner guide
Passage 4-1 is located at the middle part of the agent structure 4, encloses to set by the agent structure inside spin wall 4-3 of helically structure and forms, one
End is connected with the medium inlet 1, and the other end is connected with the media outlet 2；The spiral outer flow-guiding channel 4-2 bases
Formd in the agent structure inside spin wall 4-3 in the periphery of the spiral Inner guide passage 4-1 and keep same spiral shell with it
Revolve the outer layer helical duct in direction；By agent structure inside spin wall 4-3 intervals between inside and outside two layers of spiral stream guidance passage.Described
Agent structure inside spin wall 4-3 uniformly offers the reserved string holes for burying electric heating element 5, and the reserved string holes is with same
Spiral angle and direction are coiled in the agent structure inside spin wall 4-3, and the heating wire sealing as electric heating element 5 is embedded in
In the reserved string holes, heating is provided to the fluid media (medium) in the flow-guiding channel to inside and outside two layers.In the spiral stream guidance of bilayer
Offer to penetrate the fluid through-hole 4-4 of two guide layers on agent structure inside spin wall 4-3 between passage, the fluid leads to
Hole 4-4 is provided with two, is respectively provided at medium inlet and at media outlet.The spiral Inner guide passage 4-1 and spiral
The cross sectional shapes of outer flow-guiding channel 4-2 in the axial direction are continuous wave section；The wave section has a trough low spot X, with institute
State the adjacent both sides high points of trough low spot X and be respectively defined as primary peak high point Y and secondary peak high point Y1, to pass through ripple respectively
The intersection point of paddy low spot X and primary peak high point Y two vertical axis is origin O, then OY is more than zero, the origin O to the ripple
Paddy low spot X distance OX should be less than the distance between two adjacent trough low spots XX1, the trough low spot X and first wave peak height
It is arc between point Y, is straightway between the trough low spot X and the secondary peak high point Y1.It is described spirally to lead outside
Circulation road 4-2 is helically coiled in the luminal structure of agent structure inside spin wall 4-3 periphery, its periphery by agent structure outside
Sleeve 4-5 cladding sealings.Sealed in the both ends of the surface of the pump housing 3 provided with sealing ring 9.The spiral Inner guide passage 4-1,
The hand of spiral in the whole pump housing 3 of spiral outer flow-guiding channel 4-2 and electric heating element 5, lead angle are consistent.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are
The spiral Inner guide passage 4-1 and the spiral cross sectional shapes of outer flow-guiding channel 4-2 in the axial direction are continuous
Wave section, the wave section has a trough low spot X, and the both sides high point adjacent with the trough low spot X is respectively defined as
One crest high point Y and secondary peak high point Y1, to pass through the intersection point of tooth root point Z and the first crown point H two vertical axis respectively
For origin O, then OY is more than zero, and the origin O to trough low spot X distance OX should be less than between two adjacent trough low spots
Distance XX1, be arc between the trough low spot X and primary peak high point Y, the trough low spot X and second ripple
It is arc between peak height point Y1.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are
The spiral Inner guide passage 4-1 and the spiral cross sectional shapes of outer flow-guiding channel 4-2 in the axial direction are continuous
Toothed segment；The toothed segment has a tooth root point Z, and the both sides high point adjacent with the tooth root point Z is respectively defined as the first tooth
Cusp H and the second crown point H1；Using respectively pass through tooth root point Z and the first crown point H two vertical axis intersection point as origin O,
Then the distance between origin O to the first crown point H should be greater than zero, i.e. OH ＞ 0；The origin O between the tooth root point Z away from
It is more than or equal to zero or less than zero from OZ, i.e. OZ >=0 or OZ ＜ 0；The origin O to the distance between tooth root point Z OZ should be less than two
The distance between individual adjacent tooth root point ZZ1, i.e. OZ< ZZ1；It is straightway between the tooth root point Z and the first crown point H,
It is straightway between the tooth root point Z and the second crown point H1.
The course of work and design principle of heat pump system of the present utility model are explained in detail below：
The medium inlet 1 of heat pump system of the present utility model and media outlet 2 are connected with heat abstractor, formation is
The connection in series-parallel loop of one closing.When the fluid heat-conductive water in this loop is in natural balanced state, the water in loop is in
The non-cycling state of static order, its interior energy are in unordered disorderly state；And when 5 electrified regulation of electric heating element, hydrone
There occurs violent motion change, interior energy on microcosmic to increase severely, and hydrone is outer in spiral Inner guide passage 4-1 and spirally to lead
Under the structure function for the double-layer spiral pipeline that circulation road 4-2 is formed, there occurs continuous axial eddy and radial whirl, generate
Orderly axial movement, produces hydraulic thrust therefrom, caused similar under axial eddy and the synergy of radial whirl
The spiral vortex of cyclone, the pump housing is generated pumping effect to interior media, promote medium from medium inlet direction to medium
Export direction flows.In whole work process, the temperature difference between the electric heating element and medium of the thermal pump is bigger, the stream of medium
Speed is faster, and pumping effect is better, that is, the suction size pumped is directly proportional to temperature difference size.
Heat pump system of the present utility model, by the double-layer spiral shape flow-guiding channel formed on the pump housing, in the pump housing
The fluid media (medium) in portion provides a continuity by force and can produce the axial diversion space of pumping effect, by the rotation of fluid media (medium)
Transhipment turn changes the orderly axial linear movement of heat carrier into, and in this process, fluid media (medium) is forced in the pump housing
Property flowing, under microstate, the disordered motion of fluid media (medium) molecule gradually changes to the orderly direction of motion.
Heat energy is converted into the ability of hydraulic energy by heat pump system of the present utility model compared with traditional heat-exchanger rig
Greatly improve, heat energy loss is small in transfer process, and utilization rate is high.This bright thermal pump is except that can apply in existing heat pump, heat
Outside the involved field of pipe, additionally it is possible to be widely used in the field for being not allow for mechanical friction and chemical contamination, such as people
On bed accessory used.Because this thermal pump can by the use of water as medium, and without any mechanical friction in running, so
Noise is not produced, is the most ideal device currently used for bed accessory heating.
It our experiments show that, thermal pump of the present utility model is applied to the heating of bed accessory heat sink, bed body can be made to radiate
The surface temperature of plate reaches more than 40 degree, then the power consumption of diel is only equivalent to 15 watts of bulb diels less than 0.4 degree
Power consumption.If thermal pump of the present utility model be applied on existing electric heating hot water, at least economize on electricity 20%-25%.Such as
The utility model thermal pump is used for the heat exchange transfer devices such as boiler, radiator by fruit, and it is left that energy-saving effect will improve 20%
It is right.
According to experimental verification, heat pump system of the present utility model given below is with traditional heating mode in various indexs
Performance comparison：
。
Claims (10)
1. heat pump system, including the internal pump housing for being filled with fluid media (medium)（3）, the pump housing（3）Both ends respectively have be situated between
Matter entrance（1）And media outlet（2）, it is characterised by, the pump housing（3）Including the overall agent structure in double-layer spiral cannula-like
（4）, and rely on and be formed at the agent structure（4）On：
Spiral Inner guide passage（4-1）, it is axially formed in the agent structure（4）Middle part, its one end enters with the medium
Mouthful（1）Communicate, the other end and the media outlet（2）Communicate；
Spiral outer flow-guiding channel（4-2）, coiled coil is in the spiral Inner guide passage（4-1）Periphery and kept with it
The same hand of spiral；The spiral Inner guide passage（4-1）With the spiral outer flow-guiding channel（4-2）It is respectively separated in master
Body structure internal screw spirotheca（4-3）Inside and outside；
Electric heating element（5）, seal and be embedded in the agent structure inside spin wall（4-3）In reserved hole position, to the agent structure
And its spiral Inner guide passage of both sides（4-1）With the spiral outer flow-guiding channel（4-2）Interior fluid media (medium), which provides, to be added
Heat；
The agent structure inside spin wall（4-3）It is provided with and is used to connect the spiral Inner guide passage（4-1）With the spiral shell
Rotating outer flow-guiding channel（4-2）Fluid through-hole（4-4）.
2. heat pump system as claimed in claim 1, is characterised by
The spiral Inner guide passage（4-1）With spiral outer flow-guiding channel（4-2）Cross sectional shape in the axial direction is continuous
Wave section or continuous toothed segment.
3. heat pump system as claimed in claim 2, is characterised by
The spiral Inner guide passage（4-1）With spiral outer flow-guiding channel（4-2）Cross sectional shape in the axial direction is continuous
Wave section, the wave section has a trough low spot（X）, with the trough low spot（X）Adjacent both sides high point defines respectively
For primary peak high point（Y）With secondary peak high point（Y1）, to pass through trough low spot respectively（X）With primary peak high point（Y）'s
The intersection point of two vertical axis is origin（O）, then the distance between origin to primary peak high point Y is more than zero, i.e. OY ＞ 0；It is described
Origin O to the trough low spot X distance OX should be less than the distance between two adjacent trough low spots XX1, i.e. OX<XX1；It is described
It is arc between trough low spot X and primary peak high point Y, is between the trough low spot X and the secondary peak high point Y1
Straightway or arc.
4. heat pump system as claimed in claim 2, is characterised by
The spiral Inner guide passage（4-1）With spiral outer flow-guiding channel（4-2）Cross sectional shape in the axial direction is continuous
Toothed segment, the toothed segment has a tooth root point（Z）, with the tooth root point（Z）Adjacent both sides high point is respectively defined as
Crown point（H）With the second crown point（H1）；To pass through tooth root point respectively（Z）With the first crown point（H）Two vertical axis
Intersection point is origin（O）, then origin（O）To the first crown point（H）The distance between should be greater than zero, i.e. OH ＞ 0；The origin（O）
To the tooth root point（Z）The distance between（OZ）More than or equal to zero or less than zero, i.e. OZ >=0 or OZ ＜ 0；The origin（O）Extremely
Tooth root point（Z）The distance between（OZ）It should be less than the distance between two adjacent tooth root points（ZZ1）, i.e. OZ< ZZ1；The tooth root
Point（Z）With the first crown point（H）Between be straightway, the tooth root point（Z）With the second crown point（H1）Between be
Straightway.
5. the heat pump system as described in claim 3 or 4, is characterised by
The spiral outer flow-guiding channel（4-2）It is formed at by the agent structure（4）The helix tube intracavitary set is enclosed, outside it
Week is by agent structure outer sleeve（4-5）Cladding sealing.
6. heat pump system as claimed in claim 5, is characterised by
The agent structure outer sleeve（4-5）Outer wall be coated with heat insulation layer（7）；In the heat insulation layer（7）It is outer
Week is provided with the shell body as overcoat（8）, the pump housing（3）Both sides end face be respectively equipped with sealing ring（9）.
7. heat pump system as claimed in claim 6, is characterised by
The fluid through-hole（4-4）Provided with two, it is opened in is adjacent to medium inlet respectively（1）And media outlet（2）Main body
Structure internal screw spirotheca（4-3）On.
8. heat pump system as claimed in claim 7, is characterised by
The pump housing（3）Agent structure（4）Using superconduction temperature ceramic material；The electric heating element（5）Using electricity
Heated filament, the fluid media (medium) is using water.
9. heat pump system as claimed in claim 8, is characterised by
The spiral Inner guide passage（4-1）, spiral outer flow-guiding channel（4-2）And electric heating element（5）In the whole pump housing（3）
In the hand of spiral and lead angle be consistent.
10. using heat pump system described in claim 1-9 any claims as the heating plant of supplying heat source or radiating dress
Put.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720610343.9U CN206801974U (en) | 2017-05-27 | 2017-05-27 | Heat pump system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720610343.9U CN206801974U (en) | 2017-05-27 | 2017-05-27 | Heat pump system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206801974U true CN206801974U (en) | 2017-12-26 |
Family
ID=60743264
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720610343.9U Withdrawn - After Issue CN206801974U (en) | 2017-05-27 | 2017-05-27 | Heat pump system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206801974U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106989072A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-07-28 | 牟省先 | Heat pump system |
| CN107036149A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-11 | 牟省先 | A kind of thermal pump floor heating device |
-
2017
- 2017-05-27 CN CN201720610343.9U patent/CN206801974U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106989072A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-07-28 | 牟省先 | Heat pump system |
| CN107036149A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-11 | 牟省先 | A kind of thermal pump floor heating device |
| CN106989072B (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2019-05-24 | 牟省先 | Heat pump system |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20171226 Effective date of abandoning: 20190524 |
|
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |