CN206719317U - A kind of four-wheel drive fork truck - Google Patents
A kind of four-wheel drive fork truck Download PDFInfo
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- CN206719317U CN206719317U CN201720375146.3U CN201720375146U CN206719317U CN 206719317 U CN206719317 U CN 206719317U CN 201720375146 U CN201720375146 U CN 201720375146U CN 206719317 U CN206719317 U CN 206719317U
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- spindle nose
- driving axle
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of four-wheel drive fork truck, including body construction, located at the anterior work door frame of body construction and the drive system located at body construction bottom, transmission system, steering, hydraulic system and power system, body construction is provided with the air cleaner that can cross the impurity such as the dust contained in air filtering, excessive impurity is avoided to enter the abrasion of aggravation part in engine, Universal drive axis mechanism is provided between the corresponding hub side semiaxis of differential mechanism on fork truck rear driving axle, rear driving axle both ends are provided with articulated structure steering.Steering enables fork truck steerable drive wheel when turning to reach ± 80 ° of steering range, and radius of turn is smaller, and fork-truck steering is flexible, is adapted to and is worked in narrow environment；Also, when the wide-angle that fork truck carries out 80 ° turns to, transmission system makes steerable drive wheel still have driving force, improves the climbing capacity of fork truck, is adapted to and is more worked in road conditions in rugged environment；And safeguard few.
Description
Technical field
It the utility model is related to fork truck field, more particularly to a kind of four-wheel drive fork truck.
Background technology
Fork truck refers to load and unload member pallet cargo, stacking and short distance transport, the various wheels of weight transport operation
Formula carrying vehicle.Existing fork truck mostly be using rear steering, front driving structure, the structure in the unloaded state, the weight of fork truck
Centre-of gravity shift state light before weight, climbing capacity are poor after amount is distributed as；Moreover, when fork truck empty wagons traveling marsh road, gravel road,
In the case that the road conditions such as slight slope road, hill path, Xue Lu, unrestrained water route are more severe, the adhesive force of forklift front wheel is difficult to ensure that, is easily caused
Forklift front wheel is skidded and situations such as the causing to cast anchor that run out of steam, and is not suitable with the use of hollow muddy road；It is existing have after drive
Fork-truck steering angular range within ± 35 °, cause that fork truck radius of turn is larger, fork-truck steering very flexible so that fork truck
It is extremely limited in actual applications because working environment is narrow.
And because fork truck is mostly field work, working environment dust is more, and the service life of forklift engine is relatively low.
A kind of steering driving structure of vehicle is disclosed in Patent No. ZL201620189371.3 patent, gear is used in the structure
Engagement with rack is so as to driving moment steering, and the structural stability is poor, and more easy to wear into rack after dust, and this is all
Causing the service life of fork truck reduces.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model, which is to provide one kind, has ± 80 ° of steerings, reduces fork truck radius of turn,
Steering flexibility is improved, and turns to and keeps driving force simultaneously, improves forklift front wheel adhesive force, reduces and safeguards, improving fork truck makes
With a kind of four-wheel drive fork truck in life-span.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution adopted in the utility model is：
A kind of four-wheel drive fork truck, including body construction, located at the anterior work door frame of body construction, located at body construction
Internal drive system, hydraulic system and power system and the transmission system and steering located at body construction bottom；Its
It is characterised by：The body construction includes vehicle body and the ceiling located at vehicle body upper front part, and seat, seat are provided with the ceiling
Front is provided with operating mechanism, is provided with the air cleaner for being fixed on ceiling above the seat, the ceiling rear is provided with opening
Muffler backwards；It is whole that the drive system includes engine, the hydraulic pitch device for connecting engine output end and support
Body construction and in rectangular layout four fork truck wheels, the fork truck wheel is interior to be provided with hub side semiaxis, the air inlet of the engine
Mouth is connected with the gas outlet of air cleaner；The transmission system includes the forerunner of the two fork truck wheel hub side semiaxis in connection front
Dynamic bridge and the rear driving axle for connecting the two fork truck wheel hub side semiaxis in rear, the differential mechanism of the front driving axle and rear driving axle
Connected respectively by two output ends of front propeller shaft and inter-axle shaft and hydraulic pitch device, the differential mechanism on the rear driving axle
Universal drive axis mechanism is provided between corresponding hub side semiaxis, the Universal drive axis mechanism arrives along its power intake
Output extreme direction is disposed with active joint, the first drive block, middle joint, the second drive block, driven joint, and adjacent
Connection forms polynary articulated structure from beginning to end between above-mentioned two part, the axis where the jointed shaft of adjacent articulated structure it is vertical but
Non-intersect, the output end of differential mechanism is connected with active joint, and hub side semiaxis is connected with driven joint；The steering passes through
On rear driving axle, the steering includes being respectively hinged at the spindle nose at rear driving axle both ends in tube-in-tube structure, consolidated rocker
The steering arm being scheduled on spindle nose and the bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder being fixed on rocker, the telescopic end of the bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder are hinged
There is the steering contiguous block of arc, the steering contiguous block is hinged with steering arm into angle, and the hub side semiaxis is pacified by bearing
In spindle nose, the axis and spindle nose and the diameter parallel of rear driving axle entirety after be hinged of the bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder, and it is two-way
The footpath of hydraulic jack is to the midline with the footpath of rear driving axle to the midline in same perpendicular, and spindle nose is by bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder
Stretching motion and rotate, make hub side semiaxis that there is ± 80 ° of rotary freedom；The output end of the hydraulic system and two-way liquid
Compressing cylinder input connects；The output end of the power system and the input of engine connect；The operating mechanism and hydraulic pressure
System and the input of power system connect.
Further technical scheme is：Lower section at left and right sides of the vehicle body, which is equipped with, makes operator trample into ceiling
Interior pedal, the pedal are netted engraved structure.
Further technical scheme is：The bearing of the steering arm and spindle nose and spindle nose and the hinge of rear driving axle end
Place is met to overlap.
Further technical scheme is：Transparent windshield is provided with front of the ceiling.
Further technical scheme is：Limiting steering structure, limiting steering mechanism bag are provided with the spindle nose
Include the gag lever post for being arranged on spindle nose both sides and be arranged on the wear plate of rear driving axle both sides, it is spacing after spindle nose rotation exceedes ± 80 °
Bar contacts to form limiting steering structure with wear plate.
It is using beneficial effect caused by above-mentioned technical proposal：
The utility model air cleaner can cross the impurity such as the dust contained in air filtering, avoid excessive impurity from entering hair
The abrasion of aggravation part, steering are connected using articulated structure in motivation, and stability is good, is hardly damaged, and are reduced and are safeguarded, carry
The high service life of fork truck；
Steering enables fork truck steerable drive wheel when turning to reach ± 80 ° of steering range, radius of turn compared with
Small, fork-truck steering is flexible, is adapted to and is worked in narrow environment；
Also, when the wide-angle that fork truck carries out 80 ° turns to, transmission system makes steerable drive wheel still have driving force,
The climbing capacity of fork truck is improved, is adapted to and is more worked in road conditions in rugged environment.
Brief description of the drawings
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model；
Fig. 2 is another structural representation of the present utility model；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that the utility model rear driving axle is connected with steering；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the utility model Universal drive axis mechanism；
Fig. 5 is the theory structure schematic diagram of the utility model hydraulic pitch device.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model is carried out clear
Chu, it is fully described by, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present utility model, rather than whole
Embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those skilled in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
The every other embodiment obtained, belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
Many details are elaborated in the following description in order to fully understand the utility model, but this practicality is new
Type can also be different from other manner described here using other to be implemented, and those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to this reality
With doing similar popularization in the case of new intension, therefore the utility model is not limited by following public specific embodiment.
As shown in figures 1-4, a kind of four-wheel drive fork truck, including body construction, the work door frame located at body construction front portion
201st, the drive system inside body construction, hydraulic system and power system and the power train located at body construction bottom
System and steering.
The body construction includes vehicle body 101 and the ceiling 102 located at the upper front part of vehicle body 101, is set in the ceiling 102
There is seat 103, the front of seat 103 is provided with operating mechanism 104, including steering wheel, pull bar and display instrument etc., the seat 103
Top is provided with the air cleaner 106 for being fixed on ceiling 102, and the rear of ceiling 102 is provided with the muffler 105 of opening backwards,
Muffler 105 can eliminate noise and tail gas caused by each system in vehicle body 101, avoid polluting environment, and improve
The usage comfort of operator.
The drive system includes engine 301, the hydraulic pitch device 302 for connecting the output end of engine 301 and support
Whole body construction and in rectangular layout four fork truck wheels 303, two, front are driving wheel, and two, rear drives to turn to
Wheel, fork truck wheel 303 is air tyre, is used suitable for unexpected complex road condition, and hub side semiaxis 501 is provided with the fork truck wheel 303,
The air inlet of the engine 301 is connected with the gas outlet of air cleaner 106, and air cleaner 106 can be crossed in air filtering
The impurity such as the dust contained, excessive impurity is avoided to enter the abrasion of aggravation part in engine 301, also, air cleaner 106
Located at fork truck top, away from fork truck chassis, the air on top more cleans, for entering the air cleanliness in engine 301
It is higher, and also advantageously improve the service life of air cleaner 106.Engine 301 provides power, wherein fluid power for fork truck
Torque converter 302 is the special hydraulic pitch device of forklift, and the list that more common fork truck uses drives gearbox, the special fluid torque-converter of forklift
For four-wheel drive, moment of torsion is big, it is light and handy, easy, good by property to manipulate.As shown in figure 5, hydraulic pitch device 302 includes hydraulic moment changeable
Device assembly 1, assembly of hydraulic torque converter 1 rotate, and promote auxiliary input gear 2 to drive first gear 3 to rotate, and then carry its own
Hydraulic oil pump work, by inlet valve, into torque-converters, fuel feeding is so that primary input gear 4 rotates hydraulic oil pump, and clutch is not
In the case of work, primary input gear 4 drives the gear 15 of second gear 16 and the 3rd to dally.When the manipulation valve of operating mechanism 104 will
Hydraulic oil, which is directed in forward gear clutch 12, makes its work, and the 3rd gear 15 drives the 6th gear 9 by forward gear clutch axle 8
Rotated with the 5th gear 11, so as to which the 5th gear 11 drives the first output end 10 of output shaft 13 and the second output end 14 advancing
Gear works；When hydraulic oil is directed at by the manipulation valve of operating mechanism 104 makes its work in reverse clutch 5, second gear 16 is logical
Crossing reverse clutch axle 7 drives the 4th gear 6 and the 5th gear 11 to rotate, so as to the first of the 5th gear 11 drive output shaft 13
The output end 14 of output end 10 and second works in reverse gear position.
The power that the transmission system provides drive system is transferred on fork truck wheel 303, is advanced for fork truck and is provided power,
And provide driving force when being turned to for steerable drive wheel.Transmission system includes the two hub side semiaxis 501 of fork truck wheel 303 in connection front
Front driving axle 509 and connect the hub side semiaxis 501 of two, rear fork truck wheel 303 rear driving axle 510, the front driving axle
509 and differential mechanism two by front propeller shaft 507 and inter-axle shaft 508 with hydraulic pitch device 302 respectively of rear driving axle 510
Output end (i.e. the first output end 10 and the second output end 14) connects, and the differential mechanism on the rear driving axle 510 is corresponding
It is provided with Universal drive axis mechanism between hub side semiaxis 501, the Universal drive axis mechanism is along its power intake to output end
Direction is disposed with active joint 502, the first drive block 503, middle joint 504, the second drive block 505, driven joint
506, and connection from beginning to end forms polynary articulated structure, the jointed shaft place of adjacent articulated structure between adjacent above-mentioned two part
Axis it is vertical but non-intersect, the output end of differential mechanism is connected with active joint 502, hub side semiaxis 501 and driven joint 506
Connection.
The active joint 502 and driven joint 506 are all the universal-joint fork for being provided with single be hinged axis hole, described the
One drive block 503 and the second drive block 505 are the rectangular block shape structure for being respectively arranged with two hinge holes, and hinge hole is in drive block
It is in through hole shape to go up, and the axis of two hinge holes is vertical but non-intersect on the first drive block 503 and the second drive block 505, described
Middle joint 504 is the double universal joint fork structure that left and right ends are respectively arranged with hinge hole, and middle joint 504 is two universal
Connection, the be hinged axially bored line of the both sides universal-joint fork of middle joint 504 are mutually perpendicular to section fork back-to-back.The steering is steering
Driving wheel provides steering force when turning to.By rocker 401 on rear driving axle 510, the steering includes steering
The spindle nose 402 at the both ends of rear driving axle 510, the steering arm 403 being fixed on spindle nose 402 and solid are respectively hinged in tube-in-tube structure
The bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder 405 being scheduled on rocker 401, the telescopic end of the bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder 405 are hinged with the steering company of arc
Block 404 is connect, the steering contiguous block 404 is hinged with steering arm 403 into angle, and the hub side semiaxis 501 is installed by bearing
In spindle nose 402, the axis that the axis and spindle nose 402 of the bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder 405 are overall after be hinged with rear driving axle 510 is put down
OK, and bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder 405 footpath to the midline with the footpath of rear driving axle 510 to the midline in same perpendicular, spindle nose 402
Rotated by the stretching motion of bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder 405, make hub side semiaxis 501 that there is ± 80 ° of rotary freedom.
Steering at work, is stretched by the telescopic end of bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder 405, steering arm 403 and contiguous block 404
Relative transmission, steering arm 403 drive spindle nose 402 to turn to, because telescopic end one end of bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder 405 extends one end contracting
It is short, so that hub side semiaxis 501 drives two steerable drive wheels to be turned to equidirectional, it is all to turn clockwise or counterclockwise
It is dynamic；It is stopped when the telescopic end of bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder 405 resets, spindle nose 402 also resets, so that the band of hub side semiaxis 501
Steerable drive wheel and turn to and reset, move on.Steering uses the articulated structure for turning to contiguous block 404 and steering arm 403,
Compared compared with rack and pinion engagement structure, stability is good, is hardly damaged, and reduces and safeguards.
Because the first drive block 503 and the second drive block 505 extend the distance between each joint so that each joint it
Between can not interfere, and by the first drive block 503 and the second drive block 505 respectively with middle joint 504 and driving and driven
Joint 502,506 forms four groups of steering shaft structures, wherein the joint of the first drive block 503 and its both sides forms the first universal joint,
The joint of second drive block 505 and its both sides forms the second universal joint so that Universal drive axis mechanism, which adds up steering, to be reached
±80°。
At the same time, by four groups of jointed shafts on Universal drive axis mechanism, can continue input from active joint 502
Power be transmitted on the hub side semiaxis 501 being connected with driven joint 506, vehicle wheel rotation is kept when realizing steering whereby
Effect, make steerable drive wheel that there is driving force, fork truck can smoothly turn, and steerable drive wheel and fork truck wheel is dead when avoiding turning to
Point produces, and improves flexible performance of the fork truck in narrow space.
The output end of the hydraulic system is connected with the input of bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder 405；The output of the power system
End is connected with the input of engine 301；The operating mechanism 104 is connected with hydraulic system and the input of power system.Liquid
Pressure system and power system provide power source for drive system and steering.
Preferably, the lower section of the left and right sides of vehicle body 101, which is equipped with, makes operator trample into the pedal in ceiling 102
107, the pedal 107 is netted engraved structure.On the one hand because fork truck vehicle body is higher, pedal 107 can be with easy to operation
Person enters the operation that ceiling 102 enters fork；On the other hand, because the working environment of fork truck is mostly field, operator's sole meeting
A large amount of soil are speckled with, by the pedal of netted engraved structure, part soil can be scraped, be advantageous to the cleaning in operating room
Degree.
Preferably, active joint 502, middle joint 504 and driven joint 506, two-by-two distance between the end of part
At least 1mm, in use, Universal drive axis mechanism is because rotating, vibrating, stress, heated when deforming, and is arranged on drive block
Gap between universal-joint fork is avoided that the articulated structure on Universal drive axis mechanism on adjacent component is stuck, to ensure to drive
Bridge transmission is normally carried out.
Steering arm 403 overlaps with the bearing of spindle nose 402 with spindle nose 402 with the hinged place of the end of rear driving axle 510, makes axle
The driving force of first 402 rotation is smaller.Spindle nose 402 is provided with arc gap with the connection end of rear driving axle 510, is easy to spindle nose 402 to rotate.
The front of ceiling 102 is provided with transparent windshield, avoids in windy day, and dust storm enters the eye of operator
It is interior, normal operating is influenceed, improves the security of operation.
Limiting steering structure is provided with spindle nose 402, the limiting steering mechanism includes the limit for being arranged on the both sides of spindle nose 402
Position bar 406 and be arranged on the wear plates 407 of the both sides of rear driving axle 510, after the rotation of spindle nose 402 exceedes ± 80 °, gag lever post 406 with
The contact of wear plate 407 forms limiting steering structure.Wear plate 407 is located on same circular arc with gag lever post 406, flat where this circular arc
Face is vertical with the axis of spindle nose 402 and the jointed shaft of rear driving axle 510, and the center of circle of circular arc overlaps with the axis of jointed shaft, makes
Obtain the gag lever post 406 when spindle nose 402 redirect to extreme position and contact spacing cooperation with the formation of wear plate 407.Avoid steering angle
It is excessive and cause the uncontrolled situation of vehicle movement to occur, while avoid spindle nose 402 from directly being contacted with rear driving axle 510 and hit
The problem of hitting, ensure spindle nose 402 and on spindle nose 402 tire, wheel hub security.
It the above is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, anyone is according to content of the present utility model to the utility model
A little simple modification, deformation and the equivalent substitution made each falls within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of four-wheel drive fork truck, including body construction, located at the anterior work door frame (201) of body construction, located at car body
Drive system, hydraulic system and the power system of inside configuration and the transmission system and steering system located at body construction bottom
System；It is characterized in that：
The body construction includes vehicle body (101) and the ceiling (102) located at vehicle body (101) upper front part, the ceiling (102)
It is interior to be provided with seat (103), operating mechanism (104) is provided with front of seat (103), is provided with above the seat (103) and is fixed on top
The air cleaner (106) of canopy (102), ceiling (102) rear are provided with the muffler (105) of opening backwards；
The drive system includes engine (301), the hydraulic pitch device (302) for connecting engine (301) output end and branch
Whole body construction and in rectangular layout four fork truck wheels (303) are supportted, hub side semiaxis is provided with the fork truck wheel (303)
(501), the air inlet of the engine (301) is connected with the gas outlet of air cleaner (106)；
The transmission system include two fork truck wheel (303) the hub side semiaxis (501) in connection front front driving axle (509) and
Connect the rear driving axle (510) of two, rear fork truck wheel (303) hub side semiaxis (501), the front driving axle (509) and rear-guard
The differential mechanism of dynamic bridge (510) passes through two of front propeller shaft (507) and inter-axle shaft (508) and hydraulic pitch device (302) respectively
Output end is connected, and universal biography is provided between the corresponding hub side semiaxis (501) of the differential mechanism on the rear driving axle (510)
Movable shaft mechanism, the Universal drive axis mechanism along its power intake to output extreme direction be disposed with active joint (502),
First drive block (503), middle joint (504), the second drive block (505), driven joint (506), and adjacent above-mentioned two
Connection forms polynary articulated structure from beginning to end between part, and the axis where the jointed shaft of adjacent articulated structure is vertical but non-intersect,
The output end of differential mechanism is connected with active joint (502), and hub side semiaxis (501) is connected with driven joint (506)；
By rocker (2) on rear driving axle (510), the steering includes distinguishing in tube-in-tube structure the steering
The spindle nose (402) for being hinged on rear driving axle (510) both ends, the steering arm (403) being fixed on spindle nose (402) and it is fixed on pendulum
Bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder (405) on frame (401), the telescopic end of the bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder (405) are hinged with the steering company of arc
Connect block (404), the steering contiguous block (404) is hinged with steering arm (403) into angle, the hub side semiaxis (501) by
Bearing is arranged in spindle nose (402), and axis and spindle nose (402) and the rear driving axle (510) of the bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder (405) are cut with scissors
Connect the diameter parallel of rear entirety, and the footpath of bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder (405) to the midline the footpath with rear driving axle (510) to the midline same
In one perpendicular, spindle nose (402) rotates by the stretching motion of bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder (405), makes hub side semiaxis (501)
With ± 80 ° of rotary freedom；
The output end of the hydraulic system is connected with the input of bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder (405)；
The output end of the power system is connected with the input of engine (301)；
The operating mechanism (104) is connected with hydraulic system and the input of power system.
A kind of 2. four-wheel drive fork truck according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：At left and right sides of the vehicle body (101)
Lower section, which is equipped with, makes operator trample into the pedal (107) in ceiling (102), and the pedal (107) is netted hollow out
Structure.
A kind of 3. four-wheel drive fork truck according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The steering arm (403) and spindle nose
(402) bearing overlaps with spindle nose (402) with the hinged place of rear driving axle (510) end.
A kind of 4. four-wheel drive fork truck according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is provided with front of the ceiling (102) saturating
Bright windshield.
A kind of 5. four-wheel drive fork truck according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is provided with and turns on the spindle nose (402)
To position limiting structure, the limiting steering mechanism includes being arranged on the gag lever post (406) of spindle nose (402) both sides and driven after being arranged on
The wear plate (407) of bridge (510) both sides, after spindle nose (402) rotation exceedes ± 80 °, gag lever post (406) connects with wear plate (407)
Touch and form limiting steering structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720375146.3U CN206719317U (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2017-04-11 | A kind of four-wheel drive fork truck |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720375146.3U CN206719317U (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2017-04-11 | A kind of four-wheel drive fork truck |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN206719317U true CN206719317U (en) | 2017-12-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201720375146.3U Active CN206719317U (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2017-04-11 | A kind of four-wheel drive fork truck |
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| CN (1) | CN206719317U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110759286A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-02-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Forklift overhead guard and forklift with same |
-
2017
- 2017-04-11 CN CN201720375146.3U patent/CN206719317U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110759286A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-02-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Forklift overhead guard and forklift with same |
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