CN206579727U - A kind of electrically propelled traction vehicle for being used to draw semitrailer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric tractor for towing a semi-trailer, which comprises a headstock, a frame, a chassis, an axle, an electrical system, wheels, a swing arm mechanism, and a traction seat lifting mechanism; the headstock is a driver's control area, An axle and two wheels are provided and fixed on the front end of the chassis; the chassis is provided with a crossbeam; the crossbeam is located at the end of the chassis, and both ends are fixed on the chassis to support the chassis; it is characterized in that the frame Including the left guard and the right guard; the left guard and the right guard are respectively located on the left and right sides of the frame, the left guard serves to protect the battery pack from external force collisions, and the right guard serves to protect the control box from external force collisions, and It is fixed on the frame by welding; the electric tractor uses the battery as the power reserve, which will not pollute the environment. At the same time, it has a traction seat and a swing arm mechanism, which greatly improves the working efficiency of the tractor.

Description

An electric tractor for towing a semi-trailer

technical field

The utility model relates to a tractor, which is an electric tractor for towing a semi-trailer, which is provided with an adjustable traction seat and a swing arm mechanism, and is suitable for a container terminal or a large-scale semi-trailer depot.

Background technique

With the globalization of the world economy, the trade transportation of various countries is becoming more and more intensive, and most of them are transported by large ocean-going freighters. This has certain requirements on the carrying capacity of the port. Most of the existing tractors are powered by diesel engines. Due to the dense cargo in the port, the speed of most tractors is only below 30KM/h. The lower speed makes the fuel consumption of the tractor higher and increases the emission of pollutants. In order to solve this problem, some manufacturers have developed tractors powered by hybrid oil and gas. Since natural gas requires supporting facilities and the price of natural gas is unstable, it is difficult to popularize and apply it.

With the rise of land prices, it is becoming more and more difficult for the government to grant land to enterprises. Semi-trailers produced by semi-trailer factories need to occupy a certain amount of space. How to reasonably arrange the newly produced semi-trailers is also a problem. Most manufacturers use forklifts for transportation. Forklifts are powered by diesel engines, which will cause serious pollution to the environment and also pose certain safety hazards.

Due to the above-mentioned reasons, the utility model patent adopts electric form, which is pollution-free, high-efficiency, energy-saving, and can effectively break through the narrow space restrictions of ports or semi-trailer depots, so that it can efficiently and conveniently park the semi-trailer in the shortest time. specified location.

Utility model content

Aiming at the shortcomings of the prior art, the utility model develops an electric tractor with flexibility, high efficiency, simple structure and small weight according to the characteristics of the electric tractor. The electric tractor uses the battery as the power reserve, which will not pollute the environment. At the same time, it has the function of lifting the traction seat and the swing arm mechanism, which greatly improves the working efficiency of the tractor.

The technical solution of the utility model to solve the problem is to design an electric tractor for towing a semi-trailer, including a headstock, a vehicle frame, a chassis, an axle, an electrical system, wheels, a swing arm mechanism, and a traction seat lifting mechanism; The front of the car is the driver's control area, which is provided with an axle and two wheels, and is fixed on the front end of the chassis; the chassis is provided with a beam; the beam is located at the end of the chassis, and the two ends are fixed on the chassis to support the chassis ; It is characterized in that the vehicle frame includes a left protection and a right protection; the left protection and the right protection are respectively located on the left and right sides of the vehicle frame, the left protection plays the role of protecting the battery pack from external force collisions, and the right protection plays the role of protection control The box is protected from external collisions and is fixed on the frame by welding.

The electrical system includes a battery pack, a control box, a drive motor, a protective cover and a battery switch; the battery pack is the source of all power for the tractor, including a control box, a drive motor and a controller, as well as an X-axis electric cylinder, a Y-axis electric cylinder and The power source of the Z-axis electric cylinder; the control box controls a pair of driving motors to rotate, drive the tractor forward when rotating forward, and drive the tractor backward when rotating reversely, the left driving motor rotates forward, and the right driving motor reverses to make the tractor move forward. Steering right, the driving motor on the left is reversed, and the driving motor on the right is turning forward to make the tractor turn to the left; the protective cover is installed on the left side of the rear of the front and welded to the front; the battery switch is installed on the lower part of the protective cover to control Opening of the battery; insulators are placed between the electrical components in the electrical system, the protective cover and the front of the car.

The axle is connected to the wheels on the left and right sides, and the drive motor drives the axle to rotate to drive the wheel to rotate; the drive motor is installed on the wheel and rotates with the rotation of the wheel, driving the tractor forward when rotating forward, and driving tractor when rotating reversely When the car moves backward, the left drive motor rotates forward and the right drive motor reverses to make the tractor turn to the right; the left drive motor reverses and the right drive motor rotates forward to make the tractor turn to the left; The end is the drive for the tractor to walk.

The swing arm mechanism includes a controller, support, No. 1 X-axis steel pipe, X-axis electric cylinder, No. 2 X-axis steel pipe, No. 1 Y-axis steel pipe, Y-axis electric cylinder, No. 2 Y-axis steel pipe, No. 1 Z-axis square Tube, Z-axis electric cylinder, No. 2 Z-axis square pipe, and bracket; the controller is installed at both ends of the frame to control the expansion and contraction of the X-axis electric cylinder, Y-axis electric cylinder, and Z-axis electric cylinder; the support is installed at the front end of the frame and fixed with it; the No. 1 X-axis steel pipe is symmetrically sleeved on the support and parallel to the frame; the two ends of the X-axis electric cylinder are respectively fixed by the No. 1 X-axis steel pipe and the No. 2 X-axis steel pipe. The swing arm structure can move on the X-axis; the No. 1 Y-axis steel pipe is fixed on the No. 2 X-axis steel pipe and is perpendicular to it; the two ends of the Y-axis electric cylinder are respectively fixed by the No. 1 Y-axis steel pipe and the No. 2 Y-axis steel pipe , the electric cylinder can be stretched, so that the swing arm mechanism can move on the Y-axis; the No. 1 Z-axis square tube is fixed on the No. 2 Y-axis steel pipe and is perpendicular to it; the two ends of the Z-axis electric cylinder are respectively covered by the No. 1 Z-axis The square tube and the No. 2 Z-axis square tube are fixed, and the electric cylinder can be stretched so that the swing arm mechanism can move on the Z-axis; the bracket is installed on the end of the No. Turn on the tube.

The fifth wheel lifting mechanism includes fifth wheel track, lower fifth seat plate, threaded sleeve, threaded shaft, upper vertical sleeve, fifth wheel seat plate assembly, No. 1 bevel gear, No. 2 bevel gear and rocker arm; the fifth wheel seat plate assembly It includes the upper fifth wheel board, support, fifth wheel and joystick; the fifth wheel track is welded on the upper wing plate of the frame, and there are several small holes on the inner side; the lower fifth wheel is lapped on the fifth wheel track, and there are correspondingly Small holes, the two are connected by bolts; a threaded sleeve is welded on both sides of the lower traction seat plate, and is on the center line of the lower traction seat plate; the threaded shaft is concentric with the threaded sleeve and meshed to move up and down; the upper vertical sleeve is welded on The upper traction seat plate is concentric with the threaded sleeve; the No. 1 bevel gear is installed on one end of the threaded shaft and fixed with a spline, and the gear meshes with the No. 2 bevel gear to realize the change of the rotation direction from horizontal to vertical; The bevel gear is installed on one end of the rocker arm and fixed with a spline, and the gear meshes with the No. 1 bevel gear; the rocker arm is fixed on the upper sleeve, and when the rocker arm is turned, the No. Rotate so that the threaded shaft can move up and down relative to the threaded sleeve; the support is fixed at the center of the upper traction plate; the traction seat is fixed on the support, and the centers of the two are on a straight line; When the lever is lifted, the trailer hitch pin and fifth wheel are fixed together.

When the rocker arm is rotated at the same angular velocity at the same time, the No. 2 bevel gear is driven to rotate, the No. 2 bevel gear meshes with the No. 1 bevel gear, and the No. 1 bevel gear rotates accordingly. The No. 1 bevel gear is fixed to the threaded shaft, and the threaded shaft Rotating in the direction of the Z axis, the threaded shaft engages with the threaded sleeve and generates displacement with the threaded sleeve, so that the traction seat plate assembly can realize the lifting function.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects of:

(1) Since the wheels are driven by the drive motor, traditional mechanisms such as the engine, gearbox and differential are canceled, which greatly reduces the quality and cost of the vehicle, which makes the tractor efficient and energy-saving.

(2) The lifting mechanism of the traction seat increases the versatility of the semi-trailer, and can be connected with trailers with different unloaded heights of the traction pin, which has good practical value.

(3) The swing arm mechanism uses three electric cylinders to realize the movement of the trailer in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions without starting the tractor, which has good practical value.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic right view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model electric tractor;

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model electric tractor;

Fig. 3 is a specific structural schematic diagram (partial cross-section) of the traction seat lifting mechanism of the electric tractor of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the partially enlarged schematic view of Fig. 3 (in the figure: 1, front; 2, vehicle frame; 21, left protection; 22, right protection; 3, chassis; 31, beam; 4, axle; 5, electrical system; 51 , battery pack; 52, control box; 53, drive motor; 54, protective cover; 55, battery switch; 6, wheel; 7, swing arm mechanism; 71, controller; 72, support; 73, No. 1 X-axis steel pipe ; 74. X-axis electric cylinder; 75. No. 2 X-axis steel pipe; 76. No. 1 Y-axis steel pipe; 77. Y-axis electric cylinder; 78. No. 2 Y-axis steel pipe; 79. No. 1 Z-axis square tube; 80. Z-axis electric cylinder; 81, No. 2 Z-axis square tube; 82, bracket; 9, traction seat lifting mechanism; 91, traction seat track; 92, lower traction seat plate; 93, threaded sleeve; 94, threaded shaft; 95 , Upper vertical sleeve; 96, traction seat plate assembly; 961, upper traction seat plate; 962, support; 963, traction seat; 964 joystick; 97, No. 1 bevel gear; 98, No. 2 bevel gear; 99, rocker arm).

detailed description

Provide the specific embodiment of the present utility model below. The specific embodiments are only used to further describe the utility model in detail, and do not limit the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

The utility model provides an electric tractor (referred to as an electric tractor, see Fig. 1-4) for towing a semi-trailer, comprising a front 1, a vehicle frame 2, a chassis 3, an axle 4, an electrical system 5, wheels 6, Swing arm mechanism 7, traction seat lifting mechanism 9.

The headstock 1 is the driver's control area, is provided with an axle and two wheels, and is fixed on the front end of the chassis. This structure is not the focus of the present utility model, and will not be described in detail.

The frame 2 includes a left guard 21 and a right guard 22 . The left guard 21 and the right guard 22 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the vehicle frame. The left guard 21 plays a role in protecting the battery pack 51 from external force collisions, and the right guard 22 plays a role in protecting the control box 52 from external force collisions. The mode of welding is fixed on the vehicle frame 2.

The chassis 3 is provided with a beam 31 . The beam 31 is located at the end of the chassis 3, and the two ends are fixed on the chassis to play the role of supporting the chassis.

Described electrical system 5 comprises battery pack 51, control box 52, drive motor 53, protective cover 54 and battery switch 55; The power source of the X-axis electric cylinder 74, the Y-axis electric cylinder 77 and the Z-axis electric cylinder 80; the control box 52 controls the rotation of a pair of driving motors 53, drives the tractor forward when rotating forward, and drives the tractor backward when rotating reversely, and the left side The forward rotation of the drive motor and the reverse rotation of the right drive motor make the tractor turn to the right, the reverse rotation of the left drive motor and the forward rotation of the right drive motor make the tractor turn to the left; the protective cover 54 is installed on the left side of the front rear, and Welded with the front; the battery switch 55 is installed in the lower part of the protective cover to control the opening of the battery 51; an insulator is placed between the electrical components in the electrical system 5 and the protective cover 54 and the front 1.

The axle 4 is connected to the wheels 6 on the left and right sides, and the axle 4 is driven to rotate by the drive motor 53, which drives the wheels 6 to rotate; the drive motor 53 is installed on the wheels and rotates with the rotation of the wheels, and drives the tractor forward when rotating , drive the tractor back when reversed, the left drive motor rotates forward, the right drive motor reverses to make the tractor turn right, the left drive motor reverses, and the right drive motor rotates forward to make the tractor turn left; Described wheel 6 is installed on axle shaft two ends, is the driving of tractor walking.

The swing arm mechanism 7 includes a controller 71, a support 72, a No. 1 X-axis steel pipe 73, an X-axis electric cylinder 74, a No. 2 X-axis steel pipe 75, a No. 1 Y-axis steel pipe 76, a Y-axis electric cylinder 77, and a No. 2 Y shaft. Shaft steel pipe 78, No. 1 Z-axis square pipe 79, Z-axis electric cylinder 80, No. 2 Z-axis square pipe 81, bracket 82; controller 71 is installed at both ends of the frame to control X-axis electric cylinder 74, Y-axis electric cylinder Cylinder 77, telescoping of Z-axis electric cylinder 80; support 72 is installed on the front end of vehicle frame 2 and fixed therewith; No. The two ends are respectively fixed by No. 1 X-axis steel pipe 73 and No. 2 X-axis steel pipe 75. The electric cylinder can be stretched, so that the swing arm structure 7 can move on the X-axis, so that the semi-trailer can move forward and backward; No. 1 Y-axis steel pipe 76 It is fixed on the No. 2 X-axis steel pipe 77 and is perpendicular to it; the two ends of the Y-axis electric cylinder 77 are respectively fixed by the No. 1 Y-axis steel pipe 76 and the No. 2 Y-axis steel pipe 78. The electric cylinder can be stretched, so that the swing arm mechanism 7 can move on the Y-axis, and the semi-trailer can move up and down; the No. 1 Z-axis square pipe 79 is fixed on the No. 2 Y-axis steel pipe 78, and is perpendicular to it; The tube 79 and the No. 2 Z-axis square tube 81 are fixed, and the electric cylinder can be stretched, so that the swing arm mechanism 7 can move on the Z-axis, and the front end of the semi-trailer can move left and right; the bracket 82 is installed on the No. 2 Z-axis square tube through the shaft. 81 end, can rotate on No. 2 Z-axis square tube 81, and bracket 82 lifts the lower wing plate of the longitudinal beam of the semi-trailer to realize the movement of the semi-trailer.

The traction seat lifting mechanism 9 comprises a traction seat track 91, a lower traction seat plate 92, a threaded sleeve 93, a threaded shaft 94, an upper vertical cover 95, a traction seat plate assembly 96, No. 1 bevel gear 97, No. 2 bevel gear 98 and rocker arm 99; the fifth seat plate assembly 96 includes an upper fifth seat plate 961, a bearing 962, a fifth seat 963 and a joystick 964; the fifth seat track 91 is welded on the upper wing plate of the vehicle frame 2, and there are several small hole; the lower traction seat 92 is lapped on the fifth traction seat track 91, and there are small holes corresponding to it, and the two are connected by bolts; two threaded sleeves 93 are welded on both sides of the lower traction seat plate 92, and at the center of the lower traction seat plate 92 On the line; the threaded shaft 94 is concentric with the threaded sleeve 93 and meshes with each other to move up and down; the upper vertical sleeve 95 is welded on the upper traction seat plate 961 and is concentric with the threaded sleeve 93; the No. 1 bevel gear 97 is installed on the threaded shaft 94 One end of the spline is used to fix it, and the gear meshes with the No. 2 bevel gear 98 to change the direction of rotation from horizontal to vertical. The No. 1 bevel gear 97 is meshed; the rocker arm 99 is fixed on the upper vertical sleeve 95. When the rocker arm is rotated, the No. 2 bevel gear 98 is driven to rotate, and the No. 1 bevel gear 97 is rotated at the same time, so that the threaded shaft 94 can be produced relative to the threaded sleeve 93. Move up and down; the support 962 is fixed on the center of the upper traction plate 961; the traction seat 963 is fixed on the support 962, and the centers of the two are on a straight line; the joystick 964 is on the side of the traction seat assembly 96, when the joystick is pulled, Secure the trailer hitch to the fifth wheel.

When the rocker arm 99 is rotated at the same angular velocity at the same time, the No. 2 bevel gear 98 is driven to rotate, and the No. 2 bevel gear 98 meshes with the No. 1 bevel gear 97, and the No. 1 bevel gear 97 rotates thereupon. The No. 1 bevel gear 97 and the screw thread The shaft 94 is fixed, and the threaded shaft 94 rotates in the direction of the Z axis. The threaded shaft 94 is engaged with the threaded sleeve 93 to generate a displacement with the threaded sleeve 93, so that the traction seat plate assembly 96 realizes the lifting function.

The unmentioned part of the utility model is applicable to the prior art.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of electrically propelled traction vehicle for being used to draw semitrailer, including headstock, vehicle frame, chassis, axletree, electrical system, wheel, pendulum Arm mechanism, traction seat elevating mechanism；The headstock is the control area of driver, is provided with an axletree and two wheels, and And it is fixed on the front end on chassis；The chassis is provided with crossbeam；Crossbeam is located at chassis end, and two ends are fixed on chassis, played The effect of support chassis；Characterized in that, the vehicle frame includes left protection and right protection；Left protection and right protection are located at car respectively The left and right sides of frame, left protection is played a part of protecting batteries to collide from external force, and right protection is played protection control cabinet and exempted from The effect collided by external force, and be fixed on by way of welding on vehicle frame；

The electrical system includes batteries, control cabinet, motor, protective cover and battery switch；Batteries are to lead Draw all power resources of car, including control cabinet, motor and controller and X-axis electric cylinder, Y-axis electric cylinder and Z axis electricity The power resources of dynamic cylinder；Control cabinet controls a pair of motor rotations, drives tractor to advance during rotating forward, traction is driven during reversion Car is retreated, and left side drive motor is rotated forward, right side drive motors reversion makes tractor turn to the right, left side drive motor reversion, the right side Side motor, which is rotated forward, makes tractor turn to the left；Protective cover be arranged on headstock rear left, and with headstock soldering；It is described to store Cell switch is arranged on protective cover bottom, controls the unlatching of battery；Electric elements and protective cover and headstock in electrical system Between be placed with insulator；

The axletree connects left and right sides wheel, is rotated by motor axle shaft, band motor car wheel rotation；The motor On wheel, rotated with the rotation of wheel, drive tractor to advance during rotating forward, drive tractor to retreat during reversion, Left side drive motor is rotated forward, right side drive motors reversion makes tractor turn to the right, left side drive motor reversion, right side driving electricity Machine, which is rotated forward, makes tractor turn to the left；The wheel is arranged on axletree two ends, is the driving of tractor walking；

The oscillating arm mechanisms include controller, support, X-axis steel pipe, X-axis electric cylinder, No. two X-axis steel pipes, a Y-axis steel Pipe, Y-axis electric cylinder, No. two Y-axis steel pipes, Z axis square tube, Z axis electric cylinder, No. two Z axis square tubes, a brackets；Controller is arranged on Vehicle frame two ends, control X-axis electric cylinder, Y-axis electric cylinder, Z axis electric cylinder it is flexible；Support is installed in vehicle frame front end and solid therewith It is fixed；A number X-axis steel pipe is symmetrically enclosed in support, and parallel with vehicle frame；X-axis electric cylinder two ends are respectively by an X-axis steel pipe and two Number X-axis steel pipe is fixed, and electric cylinder can be stretched, and swing arm structure is moved in X-axis；A number Y-axis steel pipe is fixed on two On number X-axis steel pipe, and it is normal thereto；Y-axis electric cylinder two ends are fixed by a Y-axis steel pipe and No. two Y-axis steel tube place respectively, electronic Cylinder can be stretched, and oscillating arm mechanisms is moved in Y-axis；A number Z axis square tube is fixed on No. two Y-axis steel pipes, and therewith Vertically；Z axis electric cylinder two ends are fixed by a Z axis square tube and No. two Z axis square tubes respectively, and electric cylinder can be stretched, and be made Oscillating arm mechanisms can be moved on Z axis；Bracket is arranged on No. two Z axis square tube ends by axle, can be rotated in No. two Z axis square tubes；

It is total that traction seat elevating mechanism includes traction seat track, lower traction seat board, thread bush, thread spindle, upper vertical set, traction seat board Into a, bevel gear, No. two bevel gears and rocking arm；The traction seat board assembly includes upper traction seat board, bearing, traction seat and behaviour Vertical pole；Traction seat track welding has several apertures in inner side on vehicle frame upper flange；Lower traction seat is overlapped on traction seat track On, correspond to also has aperture therewith, and both are bolted；Individual thread bush is welded on the both sides of lower traction seat board, and under Draw on seat board center line；Thread spindle is concentric with thread bush, and is meshed, and realization is moved up and down；Upper vertical set, which is welded on, to be led On introduction plate, and it is concentric with thread bush；Number bevel gear is arranged on one end of thread spindle, is allowed to fixed with spline, gear with No. two bevel gears are meshed, and realize direction of rotation from level to vertical change；Bevel gear is arranged on one end, is made with spline Fixation, gear is meshed with a bevel gear；Rocking arm is fixed on vertical set, when rotating rocking arm, drives No. two bevel gears to turn It is dynamic, while a bevel gear rotates, thread spindle opposite thread set is produced up and down motion；Bearing is fixed in towing plate The heart；Traction seat is fixed on bearing, and both centers are point-blank；Control stick is manipulated in traction seat assembly side when pulling During bar, trailer towing pin is set to be fixed together with traction seat；

When rotating rocking arm simultaneously with identical angular speed, No. two bevel gears are driven to rotate, No. two bevel gears and a bevel gear It is meshed, a bevel gear concomitant rotation a, bevel gear is mutually fixed with thread spindle, and thread spindle is rotated with Z-direction, thread spindle It is meshed with thread bush, produces displacement with thread bush, traction seat board assembly is realized elevating function.