CN206556504U - The armament systems being made up of multisection type barrel and fluid forces spin bullet - Google Patents

The armament systems being made up of multisection type barrel and fluid forces spin bullet Download PDF

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CN206556504U
CN206556504U CN201720042609.4U CN201720042609U CN206556504U CN 206556504 U CN206556504 U CN 206556504U CN 201720042609 U CN201720042609 U CN 201720042609U CN 206556504 U CN206556504 U CN 206556504U
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bullet
volute
hole
spin
core
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朱锐泷
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Abstract

A kind of armament systems being made up of multisection type barrel and fluid forces spin bullet, by setting volute hole or volute groove to guide propellant combustion gas at bullet rear portion or afterbody, and combined it with multisection type barrel, allow bullet to form spin by hydrodynamics mode, and cut without relying on rifling.Thus attempt while the high gun pressure high initial speed lower resistance of smoothbore is realized, moreover it is possible to obtain bullet spin, and reduce the cost of barrel and bullet.

Description

The armament systems being made up of multisection type barrel and fluid forces spin bullet
Technical field
The utility model be related to it is a kind of volute groove or volute hole be set at bullet rear portion or afterbody, and with multisection type barrel phase The armament systems of cooperation, are related to the weapons with pipes such as rifle, big gun, war industry field.
Background technology
At present, various weapons with pipes system except heavy caliber smooth bore big gun etc. a few be smoothbore in addition to, most bases This is all rifle armament systems.
Rifle armament systems bring it about rotation to the extruding and friction of bullet by rifling, and then realize that bullet is flying Stabilization during row.But this mode necessarily leads to severe friction and the cutting of bullet and rifling, cause bullet to export kinetic energy and reduce, Simultaneously also because the projection of rifling that barrel is difficult to is closed by bullet or bearing band, thus propellant combustion gas is revealed, and further leads Energy loss is caused, and this rifling is raised also make it that barrel bearing capacity is not high, the difficulty of manufacture is big, cost is high, short life, Especially huge friction and cutting often make it that barrel is easily rubescent during continuous shooting, and once rubescent, and rifling softens can not be after Continuous cutting extruding bullet, bullet can not rotate, and ballistic qualities then decline rapidly.
Therefore, the utility model provides a kind of technical scheme, by setting volute groove or whirlpool at bullet rear portion or afterbody Shape hole, and the armament systems being engaged with multisection type barrel, allow bullet to be spinned by propellant combustion gas thrust.So as to exempt Severe friction and cutting with rifling so that propellant powder energy is converted into bullet kinetic energy as far as possible, and reduces gun barrel cost, increase The persistence of service life and firepower.
Meanwhile, according to current various Discarding Sabot technical schemes, it is combined with preceding solution on its basis, sent out Understand a kind of new Discarding Sabot, emission system and hulling method.
The technical problem to be solved
Current bullet keeps flight attitude to reduce resistance mainly by rotation, and allows bullet to rotate at present only squeezing by rifling Pressure and friction allow bullet to rotate, and this method has various shortcoming, but the centuries is that to be difficult to find to continue to use reason always Other modes allow bullet effectively to rotate, while possessing enough initial velocity.
The utility model is attempted by a kind of new barrel configuration, projectile structure and method, by fluid mechanics principle Non- barrel and bullet room machine action principle, rotation bullet can also be twisted by allowing propellant combustion gas to push directly on bullet advance, and be allowed Bullet possesses enough pace and rotating speed, it is to avoid because with causing energy loss the severe friction of rifling, extruding, cutting, And gun barrel difficulty of processing is reduced, cost is reduced, extends the life-span.
Simultaneously as existing weapons with pipes system, its barrel and bullet have huge interaction, and it is this mutual Effect, often just will can suddenly discharge, the suddenly change of this bullet stress state, often until bullet projects barrel mouthful Influence can be produced on the athletic posture of bullet and track, and then influence point of impact precision, the utility model is attempted by new body Tubular construction, the stress state of bullet can progressively be discharged, so as to motion caused by avoiding bullet stress state suddenly change Projectile attitude and the adverse effect of track.And this barrel configuration, moreover it is possible to a part of combustion gas is discharged in advance, so as to avoid a large amount of Combustion gas, after being smothered by bullet suddenly when muzzle is concentrated and discharged, disturbance of its reaction force to barrel.
Moreover, on the basis of above-mentioned technical problem is solved, it is combined with existing bullet tropsch technology, by empty in bullet support Chamber and bullet core afterbody set corresponding taper, constitute a kind of tapered sleeve structure, have invented a kind of more simple Discarding Sabot of structure, hair System, and a kind of hulling method immediately rearward are penetrated, current Discarding Sabot is further solved, bullet support is complicated, bullet support bullet core connection side Formula is complicated, and shelling mode is complicated, the problem of causing cost high, and influence to play core precision.
Utility model content
The invention mainly includes:
The bullet 1. a kind of fluid forces spin, it is characterised in that including:At the rear portion or afterbody of bullet or bullet support, surround The bullet or bullet wire mandrel are symmetrical arranged or are uniformly arranged volute groove or/and volute hole(Or oblique hole), the volute hole Including through hole or/and blind hole.When fluid is by the volute groove or/and volute through hole, the bullet is promoted to produce spin.
The volute groove or volute hole are around the bullet or play the mandrel heart and be symmetrical arranged or be uniformly arranged, quantity be 2 or More, each face of the volute groove, including pressure face or suction surface can be plane or curved surface, and the curved surface includes one or many The bending of individual dimension;The volute hole is inclined hole, and the section in hole includes various forms, such as circle, oval or other forms, the one of hole Individual opening is volute through hole when being passed through bullet from another position, not passed in bullet bottom surface or afterbody or rear side When be volute blind hole, its axis and bullet axis antarafacial are simultaneously in a certain angle, and it is straight that form, which includes straight hole or curved hole, i.e. axis, Line or curve, the curve can be the bendings of one or more dimensions, i.e., the bending in curved hole includes the curved of one or more dimensions It is bent;
The diameter of volute hole everywhere can be change, and the bullet includes various bullets, shell, and by various Torpedo, guided missile for launching through fluid forces etc..
The bullet 2. a kind of fluid forces spin, it is characterised in that including:There is filler to block the volute groove or whirlpool Shape through hole;The filler can be decomposed rapidly at high temperature, with unimpeded the volute groove or volute through hole, and guide fluid, than Such as powder gas, pass therethrough, to promote, twist rotation bullet;Or energetic material, the material containing energy are set in the volute blind hole Material is so fast to be not higher than propellant powder used in the bullet, and bullet is revolved so as to promote and twist so as to sustained combustion injection combustion gas.
The bullet 3. a kind of fluid forces spin, it is characterised in that including:By first layer and steel core, or only steel core, only have Steel core is so-called all steel bullet.
The bullet 4. a kind of fluid forces spin, it is characterised in that including:Part to the steel core or all steel bullet or Whole to be handled, the processing includes the one or more in coating, coating, heat treatment.It is described to handle for changing steel core One or more in the attribute on surface, including plasticity, elasticity, seal, finish, coefficient of friction, anticorrosive property.
The bullet 5. a kind of fluid forces spin, it is characterised in that including:Bullet surface, around axle center be provided with one or The projection of a plurality of bearing band or similar bearing band, the volute groove or volute through hole for setting or being uniformly arranged around the bullet axisymmetrical Positioned at the bearing band or the rear of projection, or pass from below through all or part of bearing band or projection.
The bullet 6. a kind of fluid forces spin, it is characterised in that including:In the volute groove or volute through hole, pass through Bearing band is extruded to block the volute groove or volute through hole;When the bearing band recovers, the volute groove or volute through hole are unimpeded, stream Body flows through the volute groove or volute through hole to promote bullet to advance or rotate.
The mortar system of bullet 7. a kind of use body tube of smooth bore and fluid forces spin, it is characterised in that including:Stream Between the part or all of composition of body promotion spin bullet and body tube of smooth bore, the body tube of smooth bore and fluid forces spin bullet Gap coordinates, and the fluid forces spin bullet is launched by the body tube of smooth bore.
8. one kind spin bullet rifle armament systems, it is characterised in that including:Fluid forces spin bullet and rifle body Pipe, what the rifle barrel and the fluid forces spinned bullet partly or entirely constituted tight fit, including was full of cooperation, passed through The rifle barrel launches the fluid forces spin bullet.
9. a kind of multisection type barrel, it is characterised in that including:A sections and B sections or/and C sections, this three sections are rifle pipe or cunning Thorax pipe, described A sections is more than described A sections with the part or all of composition tight fit of bullet, including interference fit, the C diameters, and Coordinate with the part or all of composition gap of the bullet, B sections of its diameter becomes larger.
Described A sections is also referred to as forerunner's section, and described B section is also referred to as changeover portion, described C section can also be referred to as it is stubborn revolve section or Gap coordinates section.
Forerunner section and the transition twisted between rotation section can be ladder transition, sloped transition, arcwall face transition, or specific Surface blending, allow barrel diameter progressively to expand, above-mentioned various transition refer to crosses in the profile of axis in the transition portion, excessively Partial curve abbreviation transition curve, is presented ladder, oblique line, camber line or specific curves.
The length of changeover portion can be chosen with correlation computations and testing as needed, can be very long or very short, the mistake Crossing section can be very long until near barrel mouthful, barrel can also only include forerunner's section, changeover portion if necessary.
10. a kind of multisection type barrel, it is characterised in that including:Can also be again with a contracting larynx section after A sections.The contracting larynx Section refers to barrel diameter and first reduced, and then recovers or continue again to expand.
11. a kind of use multisection type barrel transmitting nonfluid promotes the armament systems of spin bullet, it is characterised in that bag Include:Multisection type barrel and nonfluid promote spin bullet, and launching the nonfluid by the multisection type barrel promotes spin bullet Ball, the dependence barrel that the nonfluid promotes spin bullet and includes various bores is launched, rifle, the shell ball rotated by rifling, with And the bullet of fin stabilization, such as bullet of fin stabilization Discarding Sabot etc. are leaned on without spin.
12. a kind of armament systems for launching fluid forces spin bullet by multisection type barrel, including barrel and bullet, its It is characterised by, including:Barrel is multisection type barrel, and bullet is fluid forces spin bullet.
13. a kind of armament systems for launching fluid forces spin bullet by multisection type barrel, it is characterised in that the stream Body promotes volute through hole or volute blind hole on spin bullet to be volute groove, volute through hole, one kind in volute blind hole or its group Close, the one or more set in volute groove, volute through hole, volute blind hole can be combined by being included on a bullet.
14. a kind of fluid forces spinning stability cone tail shelling ammunition, including bullet support and bullet core, are characterised by, including:
The afterbody for playing core is thin taper after preceding thick, or with the thin truncated cone-shaped in thick rear end before tapered;
The bullet support is around described bullet core or bullet support axisymmetrical or is uniformly arranged, and it is overall in hollow shape or cup-shaped, Including bottom drain cup-shaped, and hollow shape or cup-shaped, including bottom drain cup-shaped hollow parts carry it is corresponding with playing core afterbody before it is thick after Thin taper, the bullet support is enclosed on as tapered sleeve, from back to front on the bullet core, and after thorax is gone out, to the bullet core rear Shelling, the bottom drain cup-like structure, which refers to glass bottom, to be had for ventilative through hole or groove.
A kind of fluid forces spinning stability cone tail shelling ammunition, including bullet support and bullet core, are characterised by, including:
Bullet support rear portion or afterbody are symmetrical arranged or are uniformly arranged volute groove or/and volute hole around bullet or bullet wire mandrel.
The volute hole includes volute through hole or/and volute blind hole, is set around bullet or bullet support axisymmetrical or uniform Set, as before, quantity is 2 or more, the pressure of the volute groove to the set-up mode in the volute groove or volute hole Power face and suction surface can be plane or curved surface;The curved surface includes the bending of one or more dimensions;The volute hole It can be 2 or more, form includes straight hole or curved hole, the bending in curved hole includes the bending of one or more dimensions.
16. a kind of spinning stability cone tail shelling ammunition, including bullet support and bullet core, are characterised by, including:In bullet support and bullet core Between have bonding agent, including an Energetic binding agent, the bonding agent bonding force it is smaller or at high temperature bonding force can reduce rapidly or Disappear.
The bullet support is integrally in hollow shape or cup-shaped, including bottom drain cup-shaped.And the hollow parts of bullet support are carried with playing core tail Thick rear thin taper before portion is corresponding.
Now cup bottom can bear powder gas thrust, promote and play core, and bottom surface can also set ventilative through hole or grid, In order to avoid vacuum is produced during shelling between bullet support and bullet core, influence smoothly shelling.
17. a kind of fluid forces spinning stability bores tail Discarding Sabot, it is characterised in that including:Play backing or/and bullet support wall is adopted Use elastomeric material.
When using cup-like structure, including during bottom drain cup-like structure, play backing or/and bullet support wall can also be using elastic material Material, during bullet support promotes bullet core so in thorax, plays backing portion and has generation compression, bullet support can produce deformation, go out thorax Combustion gas thrust disappears afterwards, plays the pressure between backing portion and bullet core and bullet support deformation still has, therefore bullet support and bullet core can phases Mutually promote, while bullet backing promotes bullet core to continue forward, bullet support shells backward, and such as same catapult ejects bullet, and Windage completes shelling together.
18. a kind of fluid forces spinning stability bores tail Discarding Sabot, it is characterised in that including:Pit is arranged at the bullet core bottom, Playing backing portion then has the projection for heading into the pit.
19. a kind of fluid forces spinning stability bores tail Discarding Sabot, it is characterised by, including:The bullet core base wells have cone Degree, the bullet support bottom protrusion has taper corresponding with playing core pit;Or in raised set key and the keyway again with pit face Or similar projection and groove;Or the pit and projection are processed into cylinder, and in the cylindrical pit and projection It is upper that the inner or outer spline or similar structures being oriented to, the axially opposed motion limited location of inside and outside spline of the guiding, along axle are set Run back, can freely deviate from;Or the through hole or groove leaked out is set again in bullet support bottom protrusion described above, it is described The inside and outside spline being oriented to can also process taper, deviate from during in order to counter motion, limited location during relative motion.
20. a kind of fluid forces spinning stability bores tail Discarding Sabot, it is characterised in that the bullet core base wells and the bullet Support bottom protrusion has 2 or more, and uniformly or is symmetrical arranged all around the bullet core or bullet axis, and each bullet Ask bottom protrusion to correspond to the pit of a bullet core bottom, or set ventilative again in bullet support bottom protrusion described above Through hole or groove.
When the above-mentioned cup-shaped of use, including during bottom drain cup-like structure, similar key and key are set again with pit face in the projection The projection and groove of groove, can prevent from playing between core and bullet support and skid, smoothly twist rotation and play core.The advantage of this cone tail Discarding Sabot exists In the projection or groove of stress, including volute groove and volute hole are ensuring all in the pit for playing core bottom or in bullet support While smoothly twisting rotation bullet core, the surface texture for playing core will not be destroyed, the aerodynamic appearance for playing core is maintained to greatest extent, Ensure the range and precision of bullet core.
21. a kind of fluid forces spinning stability bores tail Discarding Sabot armament systems, it is characterised by, including:Multisection type barrel, and Spinning stability bores tail Discarding Sabot.
22. a kind of bore the armament systems that tail Discarding Sabot launches sub-calibre nonfluid promotion spin bullet with spinning stability, its It is characterised by, including:Multisection type barrel, and spinning stability cone tail Discarding Sabot, the spinning stability bore the bullet core bag of tail Discarding Sabot The nonfluid for including various sub-calibres promotes spin bullet.
23. a kind of bullet spinning techniques, it is characterised in that including:Fluid forces spin bullet;Flowed through by fluid described Volute groove or/and volute hole on fluid stream overspin bullet, promote or/and twist the rotation fluid forces spin bullet.
A kind of 24 bullet spinning techniques, it is characterised in that including:
Multisection type barrel, is selected so that hair by the parameter to the multisection type barrel and bullet volute groove or volute hole The precursor energy and rotating energy that medicine energy is penetrated in bullet are allocated, or/and determine the direction of rotation of bullet;
Selected by the parameter for the bullet that spinned to the multisection type barrel and fluid forces so that propellant powder energy is in bullet Precursor energy and rotating energy between be allocated, or/and determine bullet direction of rotation;
The parameter in barrel and bullet the volute groove or volute hole includes:The quantity in volute groove or volute hole, diameter, height Degree, length, various inclination angles, radian, curvature, shape and the multisection type barrel total length, forerunner's segment length, twist rotation segment length, One or more in transition section length, easement curve and contracting larynx size, shape.
25. a kind of spinning stability bores the hulling method of tail Discarding Sabot, it is characterised in that including:
1), the afterbody for playing core is thin taper after preceding thick, or with the thin truncated cone-shaped in thick end before tapered;
2) the bullet support sets or is uniformly arranged around the bullet core or the bullet axisymmetrical, and overall is in hollow shape or cup Shape, including bottom drain cup-shaped, and hollow shape or cup-shaped, including bottom drain cup-shaped hollow parts carry with it is described bullet core afterbody it is corresponding Preceding thick rear thin taper;
3) the bullet support is as tapered sleeve, after the bullet core to protheca on the bullet core, and after thorax is gone out, rearward Shelling.
Length and taper size wherein with tapered part bullet core and bullet support can be arranged as required to, to protect Demonstrate,prove bullet support and play the contact surface of core, there is sufficiently large frictional force to be easy to bullet support smoothly to twist rotation and play core.
26. a kind of spinning stability bores the hulling method of tail Discarding Sabot, it is characterised in that including:
The bullet support rear portion or afterbody are symmetrical arranged or are uniformly arranged volute groove or volute around core or bullet axis is played Hole.
Bullet support is surrounded centered on axle center symmetric design, bottom or the bullet of rear portion one or bullet wire mandrel, around bullet or bullet core Axis is symmetrical arranged or is evenly arranged with the manner aforesaid volute groove or volute hole, and quantity is 2 or more, the pressure of the volute groove Power face and suction surface can be plane or curved surface;The volute through hole can be 2 or more, and form includes straight hole or curved Hole, the bending in curved hole includes the bending of one or more dimensions.
When bullet is in thorax, due to the promotion of propellant powder being closed, bullet support is pinched at bullet core as tapered sleeve On, and carry out twisting rotation to playing core by the frictional force between bullet support and bullet core when by twisting rotation section;
After bullet leaves gun muzzle, because bullet support windage is much larger than core is played, existing various bullet support has various pockets at present Wind is designed, and due to the symmetry of bullet support, therefore bullet support meeting sabot relative is to the movement of its rear, is achieved in shelling, and because For exist it is preceding thick after thin taper, therefore influence of the de-hulling process to playing core is minimum, it is described in the utility model before and after, except referring in particular to Out using bullet before, after bullet bottom is.
27. a kind of spinning stability bores the hulling method of tail Discarding Sabot, it is characterised in that including:In the bullet support and described There is bonding agent between bullet core, bonding force can be reduced or disappeared rapidly the bonding agent at high temperature.So on the one hand it is readily transported, On the one hand shelling is not interfered with.
28. a kind of spinning stability bores the hulling method of tail Discarding Sabot, it is characterised in that including:The bullet core bottom has recessed Then there is the projection for heading into the pit in hole, the bullet backing portion, and the bullet support uses hollow-core construction, cup-like structure, including bottom drain cup Shape or figure spike-like structures.The bullet support is arranged on the bullet core from back to front, and the completion shelling from front to back after thorax is gone out.
A kind of method of bullet 29. use body tube of smooth bore transmitting fluid forces spin, it is characterised in that including:Fluid is pushed away Dynamic spin bullet and body tube of smooth bore, the part or all of composition gap of the body tube of smooth bore and fluid forces spin bullet is matched somebody with somebody Close, the fluid forces spin bullet is launched by the body tube of smooth bore.
30. a kind of method that use multisection type barrel transmitting nonfluid promotes spin bullet, it is characterised in that including:It is many Segmentation barrel and nonfluid promote spin bullet, and launching the nonfluid using the multisection type barrel promotes spin bullet, institute Stating nonfluid promotes spin bullet to include various bores by barrel transmitting, the rifle rotated by rifling, shell bullet, and irrotationality Turn the bullet by fin stabilization, such as bullet of fin stabilization Discarding Sabot etc..
A kind of method of bullet 31. use rifle barrel transmitting fluid forces spin, it is characterised in that including:It is any foregoing Fluid forces spin bullet, and the bullet that spins with the fluid forces part or all of composition tight fit, including interference The rifle barrel of cooperation, the fluid forces spin bullet is launched by the rifle barrel.
Principle explanation
When the volute hole for setting volute groove or setting is volute through hole, in multisection type body tube of smooth bore forerunner section, bullet with Barrel at least a portion is tight fit, including is interference fitted, therefore can close the enough forerunner's speed of propellant combustion gas acquisition, is arrived At least a portion of stubborn rotation section, bullet and barrel is that gap coordinates, and powder gas air-flow can be from each volute groove or each volute Flowed through in through hole, the axial force produced by it, direction is identical, promotes bullet forward together;Radial load produced by it is mutually supported Disappear, the peripheral force produced by it is overlapped mutually, allow bullet to be rotated to a direction around its axle center, so as to realize oneself of bullet Rotation, both can with it is left-handed can also dextrorotation.
When the volute hole is blind hole, only there is opening in rear end, and transmitting is not higher than filled with burn rate in the blind hole The energetic material of the right speed of propellant powder used in the bullet includes gunpowder, and the energetic material can be by bonding agent, preferably containing energy Binding agent, such as collodion etc., are fixed in blind hole.After percussion, the energetic material sustained combustion in blind hole can be in drive section Promote bullet forward, also can twist rotation bullet in stubborn rotation section, go out same can twist after thorax and revolve bullet, while the combustion gas produced can be supplemented Pressure drag before and after the vacuum at bullet rear, reduction bullet.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical proposal
In general, because in the technical program, the rotation of bullet is pushed directly on by propellant combustion gas, thus avoid with Violent extruding, friction and the cutting of rifling and barrel, therefore, propellant powder energy can reduce loss, simultaneously as without convex The rifling risen, body tube of smooth bore can more preferably agree with bullet or bearing band, and closed propellant combustion gas, therefore in the case of equal propellant powder Gun pressure is higher, is more beneficial for lifting bullet kinetic energy.
The specific advantageous effects of the technical scheme include one or more in following content:
1. because body tube of smooth bore rifle barrel relative with the interaction of bullet is substantially reduced, therefore the energy of powder gas Bullet kinetic energy can be converted to more, range is improved under equal powder charge so as to realize;
2. the remote hyperline thorax barrel of body tube of smooth bore voltage endurance capability, is conducive to extension barrel life and develops bigger power ammunition;
3. barrel manufacture difficulty is reduced, cost is low, long lifespan;
4. because body tube of smooth bore rifle barrel relative with the interaction of bullet is substantially reduced, therefore barrel heating can be obvious Lower, especially continuous shooting when, gun barrel is difficult rubescent, even if rubescent, the influence to trajectory is also smaller, and firepower continuation can be more Good, the briquettability weapon such as this machine gun, machine gun for continuously launching for a long time needs is even more important.
5. body tube of smooth bore inner wall smooth does not have a rifling, and with the effect very little of bullet, therefore do not have coppering, carbon deposit etc. and ask Topic, safeguards very simple light;
6. because body tube of smooth bore rifle barrel relative with the interaction of bullet is substantially reduced, and its effect with bullet Power is constant, is no longer the alternating force that rifle barrel is acted on bullet, therefore the bounce of muzzle can be significantly reduced during percussion, especially be connected It is even more so during continuous percussion, therefore running fire precision can be higher than rifle weapon, muzzle stability during this running fire to using force certainly Device is very valuable.
7. because the multisection type body tube of smooth bore does not have rifling and inner wall smooth, therefore only there is phase interaction with bullet in forerunner's section With, and active force is much smaller than rifle barrel, while barrel inwall agrees with bullet profile, can closed gunpowder without big deformation Combustion gas, therefore become simple to the structural requirement of bullet, can save lead set related process and material, only need to bullet on pair with Bore wall contact portion is by first or coating, coating or is heat-treated, it might even be possible to directly use clean steel bullet, so that aobvious Work reduces cost, and improves productivity ratio.
In the case of less demanding, it might even be possible to consider to increase using without only showing to do to it by the solid clean steel bullet of first Plus the heat treatment of plasticity, or only carry out all or part of coating or coating to the clean steel bullet, such as copper, meanwhile, because No longer to be needed without the violent interaction with rifling, therefore by first and clad material as commonly being emphasized by first material Plasticity, therefore material selection range is more wide, so as to further reduce cost.
8. due to possessing spinning capability, therefore when the technical scheme is applied into Discarding Sabot, without fin stabilization, thus Its shelling mode directly can from behind be shelled, this greatly simplifies the structure for causing bullet support using core taper and windage is played, Shelling mode is also more simple, and significantly reduces influence of the de-hulling process to bullet core, while because volute groove and volute hole are all in bullet In support, the profile for playing core can be with unaffected, or only has pit playing core bottom surface, therefore play core and can keep good air Dynamic performance, base wells can also improve afterbody turbulent flow, pressure drag before and after reduction, but also can use heavy caliber propellant powder And barrel, launch subcaliber ammunition, so as to obtain great range, the machine gun for pursuing range that is particularly suitable for use in, machine gun, antiaircraft gun, It is remote to snipe and the armament systems such as anti-equipment;
9. the volute groove or volute through hole bullet, can also compatible existing rifle weapon, and its through hole or volute simultaneously Groove, is conducive to boundary-layer air-flow being oriented to the vacuum at bullet rear portion, so that reduce pressure drag before and after bullet, and also air-flow can also The rotating speed of stable bullet.
10. heavy caliber barrel and propellant powder can be used in theory, each of any sub-calibre is launched by Discarding Sabot mode Existing standard bullet or standard bullet are planted, and various nonfluids promote spin bullet.
11. no matter for segmented rifle barrel or body tube of smooth bore, due to can gradually expand barrel by changeover portion Diameter gradually reduces the interaction between barrel and bullet, so that when avoiding the bullet from finally going out thorax, rifling and barrel effect Power suddenly disappears, the disturbance caused by bullet stress suddenly change to projectile attitude, so as to improve precision, reduction point of impact dissipates Cloth.
, can also be to coordinate section to discharge in advance by gap 12. no matter for segmented rifle barrel or body tube of smooth bore A part of combustion gas, it is to avoid a large amount of combustion gas, after being smothered by bullet suddenly when muzzle discharges, disturbance of its reaction force to barrel. The Some gases are especially true during short barrel because carrying the propellant powder still in burning expansion, therefore expansion is violent, and in hemispherical Expansion(Combustion gas has forerunner's speed), so have stronger reaction force to barrel mouthful, and this reaction for acting on barrel mouthful Power is generally difficult to control.
13. applicability is wide, technical scheme can apply to the weapons with pipes of various bores, including rifle, big gun, Phalanx etc..
14. bullet top layer is often goed deep into bullet surface there is no the indentation that rifling is cut, this indentation, while pole is not Rule, not only increases windage but also influence point of impact precision.
Brief description of the drawings
This specification one has 28 accompanying drawings, from Fig. 1 to Figure 28, and wherein Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 is multisection type barrel schematic diagram, Fig. 6 It is fluid forces spin bullet schematic diagram to Figure 28, will one by one illustrates with reference to embodiment in herein below.
Embodiment
The main body of technical scheme includes following components, and one is barrel, one be bullet, also have bullet support and its with bullet The connection of core, illustrates one by one below in conjunction with accompanying schematic figure.
Statement:Excessively complicated to avoid, influence those skilled in the art interpret blueprints, and spy is public by some this areas in following figure Go for a drive to be recessed and omit in part that is knowing and being not belonging to invention content, such as bullet support front portion.
Multisection type barrel, including forerunner section with changeover portion or/and twist rotation section, this three sections be rifle pipe or smooth bore tube, it is described Forerunner's section and bullet are partly or entirely tight fit, including are interference fitted, and the stubborn rotation section diameter is more than forerunner section, and Part or all of with the bullet coordinates for gap, and its diameter of the changeover portion becomes larger.
The stubborn rotation section is referred to as at the beginning of gap coordinates section, usual changeover portion between present forerunner section and stubborn rotation section, but Only complete barrel can also be constituted with forerunner's section.
It is specifically including but not limited at least following several typical barrel embodiments:
1) smooth bore forerunner section+smooth bore transitions section;
2) smooth bore forerunner section+smooth bore twists rotation section;
3) smooth bore forerunner section+smooth bore transitions section+smooth bore twists rotation section;
4) rifle forerunner section+rifle changeover portion;
5) rifle forerunner section+rifle gap coordinates section;
6) rifle forerunner section+rifle changeover portion+rifle gap coordinates section.
Meanwhile, can also be again with a contracting larynx section after forerunner's section, i.e. barrel diameter reduces, and then expands again in each scheme Greatly.
For body tube of smooth bore, when by the forerunner Duan Shi, bullet closes propellant combustion gas so that before to bullet progress Drive and accelerate, by twisting during rotation section, propellant combustion gas flows through volute groove or volute through hole in bullet or bullet support, so that simultaneously to bullet Ball carries out forerunner's acceleration and twists rotation acceleration.Forerunner section and the transition twisted between rotation section can be ladder transition, sloped transition, Arcwall face transition, or specific surface blending, allow barrel diameter progressively to expand, and above-mentioned various transition refer in the transition portion along axle In the sectional view of line, ladder, straight line, camber line or specific curves are presented in the curve abbreviation transition curve of transition.
For rifle barrel, bullet is the same with existing rifle weapons with pipes by forerunner Duan Shi, and in transition Section, because barrel diameter becomes larger, therefore the active force between rifling, barrel and bullet is tapered into, therefore can be with Existing rifle weapons with pipes is avoided, when bullet finally goes out thorax, rifling and barrel effect and the interaction force of bullet suddenly disappear, Vibrated caused by bullet stress suddenly change, so as to improve precision, reduction point of impact is spread.Coordinate section can be with gap simultaneously Progressively discharge a part of powder gas, it is to avoid the combustion gas smothered by bullet is as bullet is from thorax, in barrel mouthful release suddenly, swollen It is swollen, disturbance of its reaction force to barrel.
No matter to smooth bore or rifle barrel, the main function of changeover portion, which is that, progressively to be reduced between barrel and bullet Interaction, influence of the reduction bullet stress suddenly change to Projectile Motion posture.
Figure 1 below is thin by some for prominent principal character to the axis profile schematic diagram excessively that Fig. 5 is this multisection type barrel It is the defect of cad mapping softwares in itself that section, which includes wall thickness etc. to have done some curves in simplified processing, figure trickle zigzag is presented, It is caused.
1 is forerunner's section in the diagrammatic cross-section of multisection type body tube of smooth bore as shown in Figure 1 for ladder transition, figure, and 2 be transition Ladder, 3 revolve section to twist.
Fig. 2 is the profile of sloped transition, and 1 is forerunner's section in figure, and 2 be sloped transition, and easement curve is straight line, and 3 were Section is crossed, 4 revolve section to twist.
It in curve transition, figure 1 is forerunner's section that Fig. 3, which is, and 2 be surface blending, and easement curve is curve, and 3 be changeover portion, and 4 are Twist rotation section.
Fig. 4 is also curve transition, but changeover portion is very long, and it is changeover portion, 2 to have extended in barrel near exit, figure 1 For surface blending, easement curve is curve, and 3 is twist rotation section, and 4 be barrel mouthful.
Fig. 5 is the situation that changeover portion extends to barrel outlet, and 1 is changeover portion in figure, and 2 be surface blending or slope Transition, easement curve is curve or straight line, and during 3 are barrel mouthful, this example, formally barrel only has forerunner's section and changeover portion, does not have Have and clearly twist rotation section, but the part coordinated with bullet gap still may be present in changeover portion.
Although each schematic diagram is it is shown that the situation of body tube of smooth bore, is equally applicable to rifle barrel above.
The length of transition portion can be chosen with correlation computations and testing as needed, can be very long or very short, necessary Shi Suoshu changeover portions can be very long until near barrel mouthful.Barrel can also only include forerunner's section, changeover portion.
A kind of fluid forces spin bullet, i.e., in bullet afterbody, centered on bullet axis itself, around the axisymmetrical Volute groove or the volute hole of 2 or more than 2, including through hole or blind hole are set or are uniformly arranged, the volute groove can be straight Face or curved surface, the curved surface can include the bending of one or more dimensions.The volute hole is inclined hole, and one opening exists Bullet bottom surface or side, pass through that to be passed after bullet be then through hole out of bullet, are otherwise blind hole, its axis and bullet axis antarafacial And it is in a certain angle, form includes straight hole or curved hole, and the bending in curved hole includes the bending of one or more dimensions;
Meanwhile, between each face of volute groove, particularly between bottom surface and facade and each volute through hole each opening Place, can also do further round and smooth and transition processing, so as to which the fluid of axially flowing, including powder gas are led as radially.
A kind of fluid forces spin bullet, including:By first layer or bullet jacket and steel core, or only steel core, i.e. clean steel bullet Ball, either makes coating or coating treatment or it is made being heat-treated to change its plasticity, elasticity to steel core, air-tightness, bright and clean Spend, the one or more in the property such as coefficient of friction.During for segmented body tube of smooth bore, due to no rifling and inner wall smooth, Therefore active force is much smaller than conventional rifle barrel, while barrel inwall agrees with bullet profile, can be closed without big deformation Powder gas, therefore the structural requirement of bullet is become simply save lead set related process and material, only need to be on bullet Pair with bore wall contact portion by first or coating, coating.
In the case of less demanding, it might even be possible to directly use clean steel bullet, or to the only part of the clean steel bullet or complete Portion is handled, and the processing includes the one or more in heat treatment, coating, coating.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are to be symmetrical arranged 6 bullets for facing volute groove directly, and it in three-dimensional axonometric drawing, figure 1 is volute that Fig. 6, which is, Groove, 2 be bullet bottom surface, and 3,4 be volute groove facade, and 5 be volute groove bottom.Fig. 7 is 1 in three-dimensional front view or front view, figure It is bullet bottom surface for volute groove, 2.
Fig. 8 is the length of the volute groove in the bullet for being symmetrical arranged 3 curved surface volute grooves, each figure, width, angle, arc Degree, height, shape etc. can be adjusted further as needed.
Fig. 9 is sets the bullet schematic three dimensional views of 5 volute through holes, and Figure 10 is its corresponding two-dimensional line block diagram, through hole Situation represents the clearest with line frame graph, and Figure 11 is its main view or forward sight two-dimensional line block diagram.In this three figures, 1 is volute Through hole, 2 be bullet bottom surface, it can be seen that volute through hole passes straight through to bullet rear side from bullet bottom one in this instance.
Figure 12 and Figure 13 are then to be provided with the bullet schematic three dimensional views and two-dimensional line block diagram of 4 volute through holes, this example In through hole it is very short, the cut-off of lateral surface from bullet bottom surface to bullet rear portion, it is less efficient that this setup twists rotation, but in gunpowder When combustion gas gun pressure is enough, rotation bullet can be both twisted, and during the whole service of bullet after going out thorax, air-flow is reverse from through hole Flow through and twist the Small side effects for revolving bullet so as to reversely promote, rearwardly air guide reduces the advantage of pressure drag before and after bullet certainly Reduce.No matter have unbelted, this scheme can be used, with volute groove replace volute through hole or it is in combination using also into It is vertical, but volute groove processing difficulty is slightly larger, and have considerable influence to bullet aerodynamic configuration, larger windage may be caused.
Figure 14 and Figure 15 is the situation that volute hole is blind hole, and now volute blind hole only has opening in rear end, and in the blind hole It is interior to be filled with energetic material such as gunpowder, and its burn rate is not higher than the right speed of propellant powder used in the bullet, the material containing energy Material is fixed in blind hole, can be fixed including collodion etc. by bonding agent, preferably Energetic binding agent.After percussion, due to blind Energetic material meeting sustained combustion in the relation of the right speed of hole, inclination angle and energetic material, blind hole, can promote bullet in drive section Forward, also rotation bullet can be twisted twisting rotation section, goes out after thorax to continue to twist rotation bullet, while the combustion gas produced is supplemented with bullet Pressure drag before and after the vacuum at rear, reduction bullet.
Due to now there is the extra power in blind hole to twist rotation bullet, or even the stubborn rotation of continuation after thorax is gone out, therefore it can compress Rotation segment length is twisted, increases forerunner's segment length, kinetic energy is exported to obtain higher bullet.It can cancel if necessary and twist rotation section, or even simultaneously Further compression changeover portion is to minimum, and this volute blind hole bullet can also be directly used in existing pure rifle barrel or pure smooth bore Weapons with pipes.
This volute blind hole and volute through hole and volute groove can also be to be used in combination in various schemes more than, that is, exist There is volute through hole, blind hole, one kind in volute groove and a variety of on bullet simultaneously.
For there is the bullet of bearing band, volute groove or volute hole can be not passed through bearing band, end in its rear, can also be from bullet Band lower section, through all or part of bearing band.
Figure 16 and Figure 17 is is provided with the bullet of 5 volute through holes, and volute through hole is from the perforate of bullet rear portion, into bullet Portion, 2 bearing bands, then pass to bullet surface altogether are passed through from bearing band bottom.
Figure 16 is three-dimensional axonometric schematic diagram, and it in its corresponding line frame graph, two figures 1 is volute through hole that Figure 17, which is, and 2 be bearing band, 3 It is volute through hole for bearing band, 4,5 be bullet bottom surface.6 in Figure 17 be volute through hole.
Figure 18 and Figure 19 is that volute through hole is logical through a bearing band, the situation to two bearing bands.Certain through hole also may be used Only to arrive bearing band rear, bearing band is not passed through, it is clear that volute blind hole is same.
1 is bearing band in two figures, and 2 be bearing band, and 3 be volute through hole, and 4 be volute through hole.
When launching the fluid forces spin bullet using multisection type barrel, bullet first passes through forerunner's section of barrel, This section of bullet at least a portion is that tight fit includes interference fit with barrel, therefore bullet is closely sealed with bore wall, closes propellant powder Combustion gas, forces combustion gas to promote bullet to accelerate to travel forward in barrel, when entering stubborn rotation section, at least a portion and thorax of bullet Wall coordinates for gap, and air-flow is flowed out by volute groove or volute through hole into gap, so that drive bullet on the one hand to accelerate forward, On the one hand rotation is accelerated.
Because extruding, the friction of body tube of smooth bore and bullet are much smaller than rifling, therefore for ammunition of the same bore with propellant powder For, the length of tube required for body tube of smooth bore reaches equal pace is lower.Therefore for using the transmitting of multisection type barrel For the armament systems of the fluid forces spin bullet, specific forerunner's segment length is there will necessarily be, in this section of end, bullet Forerunner's speed of ball be equal to same bore, same to propellant powder, with bullet form rifle weapon muzzle velocity, and forerunner's segment length It is significantly less than the barrel overall length with bore rifle weapon.Therefore the length can be set to the datum length of forerunner's section, and It is adjusted as needed, so that propellant powder energy is done into reasonable distribution between the precursor energy and rotating energy of bullet.
On the one hand, the timing of the factor such as barrel overall length one, forerunner's speed of forerunner Duan Yuechang then bullets is higher, and rotating speed is then got over Low, twisting rotation Duan Yuechang, then forerunner's speed is lower, and rotating speed is higher.Simultaneously in the timing of barrel overall length one, this two sections length is often It is shifting, therefore influence obvious all the more.On the other hand, speed is higher, and the windage of bullet is bigger, more can allow combustion gas stream more Volute through hole and volute groove are flowed through, so as to twist rotation bullet.
Therefore, can combine various parameters, including the quantity in volute groove or volute hole, diameter, height, length, various inclination angles, Radian, curvature, shape, include shape and the weapon barrel total length, barrel forerunner segment length, the stubborn rotation section in each face of volute groove One or more in length, transition section length, easement curve, do further adjustment, by propellant powder energy bullet forerunner Reasonable distribution is done between energy and rotating energy.
Simultaneously as twisting rotation section, one side powder gas still have crunch to promote bullet forward, on the other hand launch Medicine combustion gas carries out twisting rotation by volute groove or volute hole to bullet, it is ensured that the stabilization of trajectory, therefore last in guarantee fire accuracy On the premise of, the outlet kinetic energy of bullet will be greater than equal barrel total length, equal bore and the rifle weapon with propellant powder.
In addition to foregoing usual manner, because volute groove or volute through hole can pass through below bearing band, and after bearing band Portion extends to bearing band front portion (before projectile head is, after bullet bottom is, similarly hereinafter), therefore is to lead in forerunner's section propellant combustion gas Crossing volute groove or volute through hole has certain leakage, because gun pressure is high, therefore can produce the huge stubborn spin to bullet, but due to Therefore frictional resistance will make it be difficult to rotate to the tight fit of bullet and bore wall, and bullet can be allowed to produce stress, and enter and twist rotation section Afterwards, on the one hand, prevent the frictional force of rotation from rapidly disappearing, but twist spin and remain unchanged holding, can now produce bowstring after similar draw a bow The effect snapped suddenly, bullet can rotate at a high speed.
This scheme can apply to, it is necessary to situation about especially rotating at a high speed.
Especially, in the case of using volute groove, bullet will can be made preceding by choosing appropriate elastic bearing band material When driving section, because of itself and barrel inwall(Bore wall)Tight fit, and cause bearing band be pressed into volute groove, avoided so as to block volute groove Propellant combustion gas is revealed, and after bullet reaches and twists rotation section, without the pressure of bore wall, bearing band reinstatement state is on the one hand convex Rise to stop that powder gas directly leak from the gap of bullet and bore wall, on the other hand get out of the way volute groove passage again so that Powder gas mainly bypass bearing band by volute groove and leaked, so as to twist rotation bullet.On this basis, can also be further in bearing band Bottom sets given shape, the casting lug thereon that enters to volute geosynclinal convex, and so in forerunner's section, bearing band is pressed, and protuberance is by axle center Pressure, so as to reach volute trench bottom, blocks volute groove, and is twisting rotation section, and bearing band shape is recovered, and protuberance departs from volute bottom land Portion, the unimpeded powder gas of volute groove flow through to twist rotation bullet from volute groove.
Using the cone tail Discarding Sabot of the fluid forces spinning technology scheme, due to being provided with volute groove or volute in bullet support Hole, it is possible to use powder gas, which promote to play core and twist rotation, plays core, therefore playing core no longer needs empennage to stablize, and thus plays holder structure Can be simpler, it can directly be shelled as an entirety from rear.
Will play core afterbody be designed as before it is thick after thin taper, or with thick end thin cylinder or round platform before tapered Shape, and the bullet support can be hollow shape or cup-shaped, including bottom drain cup-shaped, or drawing pin shape;Its structure is symmetrical or uniform along axis Design, when for hollow shape or cup-shaped, including during bottom drain cup-shaped.Its hollow parts carry with play before the identical of core rear portion it is thick after it is thin Taper;So described bullet support is enclosed on as tapered sleeve, from back to front on bullet core.
It is tight fit in forerunner's section bullet support and bore wall when being launched using foregoing multisection type barrel, including is interference fitted, therefore The closed combustion gas of energy, simultaneously because the combustion gas area of thrust surface of bullet support is pinched at much larger than bullet core, therefore bullet support as tapered sleeve Play on core, promote bullet to be accelerated forwardly, twisting rotation section, by the volute groove or volute through hole in bullet support, propellant combustion gas is from bullet The gap of ball and barrel is leaked, thus on the one hand promote bullet be accelerated forwardly, on the other hand to bullet support twist rotation, and by bullet support with Frictional force band between bullet core is moved, and core progress is stubborn to revolve;
After bullet leaves gun muzzle, because bullet support windage is much larger than bullet core, and due to the symmetry of bullet support windward side, and its Overall symmetry, thus bullet support can sabot relative moved to dead astern, realize shelling as tapered sleeve abjection, and shelled Influence of the journey to playing core is minimum.
Core bottom can also played centered on playing wire mandrel, set one or be uniformly arranged or symmetrically set around the center Put multiple pits, pit includes various forms, such as taper, its taper for it is outer it is thick in it is thin, i.e., it is thick close to base opening, it is internal carefully, and Bullet support is now then presented cup-shaped, including bottom drain cup-shaped, the bottom drain cup-shaped refer to glass bottom provided with one or more ventilative through holes or Groove, including drawing pin shape can also be in this way, now the bottom of corresponding bullet support have also one or more correspondences to head into bullet core bottom The projection of pit, when bullet core pit is tapered, the raised taper of bullet support is also corresponding with playing the taper of core base wells.
Or bullet support also can be in there is the drawing pin shapes of one or more needle points, i.e. not bullet support wall, only bullet backing and projection, Volute groove and volute hole are then arranged on bullet backing portion, and the needle point is that correspondence heads into the projection for playing core base wells, described convex There can also be one or more through holes or groove leaked out on rising, when the pit for playing core is tapered, the cone of bullet support bottom protrusion Degree is also corresponding with playing the pit of core bottom.
Now in this part, play core and be then enclosed on such as tapered sleeve in the projection of bullet support.Play this company between core and bullet support Connecing equally can drive and twist rotation bullet, and go out after thorax, because bullet support is gone for a drive design, and along bullet axisymmetrical, Therefore bullet support is same greatly and symmetrical centered on axis because of suffered windage, and is shelled relative to core is played to dead astern, meanwhile, to keep away Exempt to form vacuum between bullet core and bullet support, cause shelling difficult, also the bottom of bullet support, i.e. cup bottom and drawing pin bottom can be left foot Enough cavities or grid, this scheme and former scheme can be used individually, can also be applied in combination.
Meanwhile, in the projection, the projection or groove of similar feather key and keyway can be also set again with pit face;Or will The pit and projection are processed into cylinder, and set thereon the inner or outer spline of guiding or the structure of similar spline, described The axially opposed motion limited location of inside and outside spline being oriented to, and counter motion then can freely be deviate from, it is convex in the bullet support inner bottom part Through hole or the gap leaked out are also provided with rising, it is described to be oriented to avoid producing vacuum obstruction shelling in pit during shelling Inside and outside spline can also process taper, deviate from during in order to counter motion.
Such as Figure 20 and Figure 21 is exactly the example of bottom drain cup-shaped bullet support, and Figure 20 is schematic perspective view, and Figure 21 is axle survey line block diagram, Wherein core bottom surface is being played centered on axle center there is provided a pyramidal pits, it is convex that bullet support inner bottom part is also correspondingly arranged a taper Rise, both tapers are identical, and the part pit of bullet core puts the projection of bullet support, the pit and projection as tapered sleeve during assembling The projection or groove of similar feather key and keyway can also be set on face;Pit and projection can also be processed into cylinder, and The inner or outer spline of guiding or the structure of similar spline are set thereon and play core to twist rotation, and is conveniently deviate from backward, it is described to be oriented to It is movable in axial direction that spline, which refers to spline, but the relative motion of bullet support and bullet core in axial direction has extreme position, but bullet support and bullet core Counter motion in axial direction is free.The key, keyway, interior external splines and similar means, can also set taper, so as to it It is axially moved more smoothly.
Preferably, can be by the bullet core base wells and bullet support bottom protrusion, and 2 or more are respectively provided with, and all It is uniform or be symmetrical arranged around wire mandrel is played, and each bullet support bottom protrusion corresponds to a pit for playing core bottom, this When bullet support integrally include hollow shape, cup-shaped, bottom drain cup-shaped, drawing pin shape.
Figure 22 is one and is uniformly arranged multiple pits and raised example around axis, and the pit and projection have correspondence Taper, head into facilitate, twist rotation and play core and abjection, and the through hole of bottom will not between bullet core in bullet hypanthium when ensure that shelling Vacuum is formed, causes shelling difficult.Bullet support is raised when boss through hole then ensures to shell does not form vacuum between bullet core pit, Cause shelling difficult, volute through hole is extended in the middle of two bearing bands, naturally it is also possible to extend to other positions.
1 is bearing band in figure, and 2 be volute through hole, and 3 is play backing face through hole, and 4 be bearing band, and 5 be volute through hole, and 6 be bullet backing Face through hole, 7 be the through hole for playing backing face boss, and the through hole leads directly to the projection with taper of inner bottom part from bullet support outer bottom, Avoid producing vacuum between bullet support projection and bullet core pit during shelling.Whole bullet support is according to arrow direction in figure, as tapered sleeve Bullet core is put, and is then to play the projection that core pit covers bullet backing portion such as tapered sleeve playing core bottom surface, the bullet core can be each Kind of standard or standard bullet or shell bullet or other nonfluids promote spin bullet.
Figure 23 is the schematic three dimensional views of its another angle, can see the projection for playing backing portion, and Figure 24 is bullet support Cross the D profile schematic diagram of axis, it in another angle schematic three dimensional views of its section, figure 1 is bearing band that Figure 25, which is, and 2 be bullet support Wall, can clearly see its taper from figure, and when this no bullet support wall, volute groove and volute hole are arranged on bottom as drawing pin Shape, 3 be the through hole for playing backing face boss, and 4 be that bullet support inner bottom surface is raised, and 5 be bullet support bottom through-hole, and 6 be bullet bullet core.
Figure 26 is the bullet core and the left view two-dimensional line block diagram of bullet support, and the left side is plays core, and the right is bullet support, can be clearly See the pit with taper for playing core inner.
In above-mentioned each scheme, it can be fixed between bullet support and bullet core by binding agent, the binding agent should It is that cohesive force is smaller, or is easy to lose cohesive force under high temperature.So on the one hand it is hit by a bullet in transportation and holds in the palm and play core energy relatively It is fixed, it is easy to carry, and rotation section is being twisted after firing, its remaining cohesive force can also help bullet support to twist rotation and play core, when bullet is gone out After barrel, because the binding agent that high temperature loses bonding force also will not hinder bullet support to shell backward.
For the bullet without bearing band, circle projection can be formed out by by coating or other means on body, So as to obtain the effect of similar bearing band, when this projection is arranged on the front of volute via openings, a part of attached face can be squeezed Layer air-flow, so as to reduce boundary-layer air-flow into volute groove or volute through hole, influences projectile attitude.
In addition, for the above-mentioned all situations for having bearing band and a unbelted, can also be filled in volute groove or volute through hole Specific filler, the filler can be the material for meeting pyrolytic, so when bullet is in forerunner Duan Shi, volute groove or volute Through hole is by its blocking so as to closed powder gas, and when bullet reaches and twists rotation section, and the filler is by pyrolytic, volute Groove or the unimpeded guiding powder gas of volute through hole promote and twist rotation bullet.
Meanwhile, volute described in option and installment, by further calculating and testing, can be come according to different bullet kind demands It is the quantity of groove or volute through hole, height, length, each with the angle of axis and other all multi-angles, the radian of bending, volute groove The shape including projectile tail cone-shaped and size in face realizes propellant combustion gas energy between bullet forerunner speed and rotary speed Distribution.
Exemplary embodiments
A kind of weapons with pipes system for the bullet that spinned including multisection type body tube of smooth bore and fluid forces, can be various bores Rifle or big gun, including machine gun or machine gun, and various Phalanxs etc. are launched the fluid by the multisection type body tube of smooth bore and pushed away Dynamic spin bullet.
A kind of armament systems including multisection type rifle barrel and nonfluid promotion spin bullet, pass through the multisection type line Nonfluid of the thorax barrel transmitting including various standards or service ammunition including promotes the bullet that spins, can be various bores rifle or Big gun, including machine gun or machine gun, and various Phalanxs.Due to having huge interaction in forerunner's section bullet and barrel, pass through During changeover portion, because barrel diameter is incrementally increased, therefore the interaction is gradually reduced, during such bullet class origin mouth of pipe, its institute Progressively discharged by stress, thus when avoiding bullet outlet pipe in current rifle armament systems bullet and barrel interaction Suddenly disappear, so as to cause bullet stress suddenly change to cause its posture to change and influence the situation of precision.
A kind of use body tube of smooth bore and aforesaid fluid promote the armament systems of spin bullet, the body tube of smooth bore and the stream Body promotes the part or all of composition gap of spin bullet to coordinate, and the system typical use is mortar.As shown in figure 27, in figure 1 is volute through hole, and 2 be volute through hole, and 3 is lead fire hole, and such fire hole of leading has multiple, and 4 be bullet bottom surface, and 5 be that the fire in a stove before fuel is added is installed Hole.
The diagrammatic cross-section for crossing axis of Figure 28 bullets bottom, wherein Fig. 1 is that powder chamber is used for explosive, and 2 be to lead fire Hole, 3 is play bottom face, and 4 is lead fire hole, and 5 be fire in a stove before fuel is added mounting hole, and 6 be transmitting coyote hole, for installing transmitting powder column, it is illustrated that originally Transmitting coyote hole is the round platform with taper, naturally it is also possible to is designed as cylinder, and can be united two into one with the fire in a stove before fuel is added, so Propellant powder and the fire in a stove before fuel is added can also be general with the transmitting powder column of existing mortar projectile, gun carriage and barrel part can also with it is existing Mortar is general.
This mortar projectile make use of the transmitting utensil of existing mortar, because its barrel is smooth bore and is gap with bullet Coordinate, therefore bullet can be pushed directly on by combustion gas stream and rotation bullet is twisted to obtain stable trajectory, it is possible thereby to empennage is save, Simultaneously as therefore air drag is greatly reduced for bullet itself rotation, thus same bore with etc. precision and range under propellant powder It will increase, and make use of existing transmitter to only need to change shell to greatest extent, or even canon primer is all general.
A kind of use multisection type body tube of smooth bore launches existing various fin stabilization Discarding Sabot, including fin stabilization shelling is worn The armament systems of first bullet, due to still having certain interaction, including frictional force and bullet support or bullet in forerunner's section bullet and barrel The resistance produced with deformation, the interaction is gradually reduced by changeover portion, during such bullet class origin mouth of pipe, its suffered stress Progressively discharge, so that the interaction suddenly disappears when avoiding bullet outlet pipe in current armament systems, cause bullet Stress suddenly change is particularly suitable for use in launching the big of fin stabilization stock armor-piercing bullet so as to cause its posture to change and influence precision Bore smooth bore gun system.
A kind of urgent pomegranate gun system being made up of multisection type body tube of smooth bore and fluid forces spin bullet, this is compeled pomegranate big gun and passes through bottom Portion is shot, and has a variety of advantages relative to current mortar system.Firstly because be tight fit in drive section bearing band and bore wall, from And can be with closed propellant combustion gas, and there can be a good centering effect, while acted on by the stubborn rotation for twisting rotation section, allow bullet Spin, so that air drag is reduced, stable outer trajectory track and posture, therefore the range and precision of the mortar system are all mesh Preceding mortar system institute is unapproachable.
The mortar system is because have higher initial velocity and energy spinning stability, therefore without empennage, this causes shell simultaneously Structure it is simpler, cost is lower, simultaneously as speed is higher, flies more stable, and body in itself can be without excessively strictly Follow aerodynamic principle, head can more garden it is blunt, rear portion can be more stocky so as to carry more explosives, while bottom is loaded Operating personnel's whole process can be made to crawl to operate, injures and deaths probability is reduced.
Direct aiming shoot can also be realized simultaneously, and mixing bullet drum, continuous firing mechanism and take aim at tool even can be with simple realization running fire certainly Dynamic shooting.
It is a kind of by multisection type barrel and the armament systems that constitute of fluid forces spin shelling bullet, the multisection type barrel is Foregoing smooth bore form, the fluid forces spin shelling bullet includes bullet support and plays core, and bullet support surrounds axis symmetric design, and There is the groove gone for a drive in front end, and volute groove or volute through hole are provided with the manner aforesaid at the bullet support rear portion or afterbody.Simultaneously The bullet support is hollow shape, cup-shaped, including bottom drain cup-shaped, drawing pin shape, wherein cavity be with thin round platform after thick before tapered or Circular cone, while also there is identical taper at the rear portion for playing core, such bullet support can be enclosed on as tapered sleeve on bullet core from back to front.
Similarly, the pit with taper can also be set playing core bottom, its taper for it is outer it is big in it is small, and play backing portion Equally there is a projection with correspondence taper, to head into the pit for playing core bottom, now in this part, play core and then become Tapered sleeve, is enclosed in the projection of bullet support, the boss of bullet support can also have through hole, it is to avoid form true in bullet core pit during shelling Sky causes shelling difficult or influence plays core posture.
When bullet is excited, in barrel forerunner section, part or all of and the barrel of bullet support is tight fit, including interference is matched somebody with somebody Close, so that closed powder gas, and promote bullet support forward by powder gas, and the tapered sleeve connection between bullet support and bullet core, cup Promotion at the top of bottom and drawing pin so that bullet support can promote bullet core to be accelerated forwardly;Rotation section is being twisted, because powder gas still have Huge thrust, therefore one side bullet support continues promotion and is accelerated forwardly, while on the other hand because bullet support is still pinched at bullet core On, so as to twist rotation bullet by bullet support and the frictional force played between core, to cup-shaped or bottom drain cup-shaped and drawing pin shape bullet support For, can also twist rotation by the pit and bulge-structure of bottom and play core, bullet is gone out after barrel, now due to bullet support before The groove design of going for a drive at end, its windage being subject to surrounds much larger than bullet core, and structure and plays the symmetrical therefore uniform force of wire mandrel, because This is under windage effect, and bullet support is deviate from relative to core is played to dead astern, as tapered sleeve abjection, avoids to greatest extent to playing core Interference.
Can also be fixed in bullet support and playing by binding agent between core, including containing can bonding agent, the bonding agent should be Bonding force is smaller, or is easy to lose cohesive force under high temperature.So on the one hand transportation be hit by a bullet support and play core can consolidate relatively It is fixed, it is easy to carry, is on the other hand twisting rotation section, its remaining cohesive force also can help to the stubborn rotation of bullet support and play core, and when bullet punching Go out after barrel, because the binding agent that high temperature loses bonding force also will not hinder bullet support to shell backward.
When using cup-like structure, including during bottom drain cup-like structure, play backing or/and bullet support wall can also be using elastic material Material, during bullet support promotes bullet core so in thorax, compression and deformation can be produced by playing backing portion, go out powder gas pair after thorax Bullet support thrust disappears, and bullet support and the great force played between core can promote bullet core to continue forward while promoting bullet support backward, so that Accelerate shelling.
This Discarding Sabot is because volute groove and volute hole are all in bullet support, and the profile for playing core is almost unchanged, only in bottom surface Very good aerodynamic performance can be kept with unaffected by having a pit, therefore playing the aerodynamic configuration of core.Simultaneously as Heavy caliber barrel and heavy caliber propellant powder can be used, it is big by one using the good standard bullet of aerodynamic configuration as core is played Bore bullet support is launched, therefore can obtain extremely remote range, and stable trajectory, while because of the effect between bullet and barrel Power is much smaller than rifle weapon, therefore barrel bounce is small, and the stability of continuous fire is high, and the heat condition of barrel can also be reduced, because This is particularly suitable for use in long-range sniper rifle or anti-materiel rifles, weight rifle machine gun or machine gun, and antiaircraft machine gun, and multitube are close Collect battle array.
The system and method that a kind of use multisection type barrel launches conventional ammunition, are included various by the transmitting of multisection type barrel The nonfluid of bore promotes the various standards or standard ammunition of spin bullet, and the multisection type barrel includes smooth bore or rifle, institute Stating standard or standard ammunition includes military, the police bullet or shell and civilian bullet of various bores.Such as use multisection type line Thorax barrel, including drive section+changeover portion, or add gap to coordinate section again, launch various existing standards or standard bullet or big gun Bullet, uses multisection type body tube of smooth bore, including drive section+changeover portion, or adds gap to coordinate section again, launches various fin stabilizations shellings Bullet etc..By changeover portion progressively releasing pellets stress, so as to avoid existing armament systems to barrel eloquence from discharging stress suddenly The caused disturbance to projectile attitude, while by gap section can also be coordinated to discharge a part of combustion gas in advance, it is to avoid a large amount of combustions Gas, after being smothered by bullet suddenly when muzzle is concentrated and discharged, disturbance of its reaction force to barrel.The Some gases, which are carried, still to exist The propellant powder of burning expansion, it is especially true during short barrel, therefore expansion is violent, and in hemispherical expansion(Combustion gas has forerunner's speed Degree), so have stronger reaction force to barrel mouthful, and this more difficult control of reaction force for acting on barrel mouthful.
One kind spin bullet rifle armament systems, pass through conventional rifle barrel, transmitting fluid forces spin bullet.
Motion and common rifle armament systems of the bullet in thorax do not have difference, but go out after thorax, by by body surface gas Stream introduces the volute groove or volute through hole, and is oriented to bullet bottom, so as to fill up because bullet is produced forward at a high speed after one's death Vacuum, thus reduce bullet before and after pressure drag.
Meanwhile, bullet goes out after thorax, and bullet top layer air-flow flows through the volute groove or volute through hole from front to back to twist Revolve bullet(Certain direction of rotation is on the contrary, therefore the relevant parameter of volute groove or volute through hole need to twist rotation bullet direction with rifling Match somebody with somebody), it is possible thereby to avoid bullet rotating speed caused by friction from declining.
Described above is preferred embodiment of the present utility model, it is noted that for the ordinary skill of the art For personnel, on the premise of principle described in the utility model is not departed from, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvement Protection domain of the present utility model is also should be regarded as with retouching.

Claims (22)

  1. The bullet 1. a kind of fluid forces spin, it is characterised in that including:At the rear portion or afterbody of bullet or bullet support, around bullet Or bullet wire mandrel is symmetrical arranged or be uniformly arranged volute groove or/and volute hole, the volute hole includes through hole or/and blind hole.
  2. The bullet 2. fluid forces according to claim 1 spin, it is characterised in that including:There have filler to be described to block Volute groove or volute through hole;The filler can be decomposed rapidly at high temperature, with unimpeded the volute groove or volute through hole;Or Energetic material is set in the volute blind hole, and so speed is not higher than propellant powder used in the bullet to the energetic material.
  3. The bullet 3. fluid forces according to claim 1 spin, it is characterised in that including:By first layer and steel core, or it is pure Steel bomb ball.
  4. The bullet 4. fluid forces according to claim 3 spin, it is characterised in that including:To the steel core or clean steel bullet The part or all of of ball is handled, and the processing includes the one or more in heat treatment, coating, coating.
  5. The bullet 5. fluid forces according to claim 1 spin, it is characterised in that including:Around bullet axle center in the bullet Ball surface set one or more bearing band, or similar bearing band projection, the volute groove or volute hole position are in the bearing band or convex Rear is played, or passes from below through all or part of bearing band or projection.
  6. The bullet 6. fluid forces according to claim 5 spin, it is characterised in that including:In the volute groove or volute In through hole, by extruding bearing band to block the volute groove or volute through hole;When bearing band recovery, the volute groove or volute Through hole is unimpeded, and fluid flows through the volute groove or volute through hole to promote bullet to advance or rotate.
  7. The armament systems of bullet 7. a kind of use body tube of smooth bore and fluid forces spin, it is characterised in that including:Claim 1 To 6 any described fluid forces spin bullets and body tube of smooth bore, the body tube of smooth bore and fluid forces spin bullet Partly or entirely constitute gap to coordinate, the fluid forces spin bullet is launched by the body tube of smooth bore.
  8. 8. one kind spin bullet rifle armament systems, it is characterised in that including:Any described fluid forces of claim 1 to 6 Spin bullet and rifle barrel, the part or all of composition tight fit of the rifle barrel and fluid forces spin bullet, Including interference fit, the fluid forces spin bullet is launched by the rifle barrel.
  9. 9. a kind of multisection type barrel, it is characterised in that including:A sections with B section or/and C sections, this three sections be rifle pipe or smooth bore tube, Described A sections is more than described A sections with the part or all of composition tight fit of bullet used, including interference fit, the C diameters, and Coordinate with the part or all of composition gap of the bullet, B sections of its diameter becomes larger.
  10. 10. multisection type barrel according to claim 9, it is characterised in that including:Can also be again with a contracting larynx after A sections Section.
  11. 11. a kind of use multisection type barrel and nonfluid promote the armament systems of spin bullet, it is characterised in that including:Right It is required that the nonfluid of the multisection type barrel and various bores described in 9 or 10 promotes spin bullet, sent out by the multisection type barrel Penetrate the nonfluid and promote spin bullet.
  12. 12. a kind of armament systems for launching fluid forces spin bullet by multisection type barrel, it is characterised in that including:Right It is required that the multisection type barrel described in 9 or 10, including any described fluid forces spin bullet of claim 1 to 6.
  13. 13. armament systems according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the volute through hole of the fluid forces spin bullet Or volute blind hole is volute groove, volute through hole, one kind in volute blind hole or its combination.
  14. 14. a kind of fluid forces spinning stability bores tail Discarding Sabot, including bullet support and bullet core, it is characterised by, including:
    The afterbody for playing core is thin taper after preceding thick, or with the thin truncated cone-shaped in thick rear end before tapered;
    The bullet support is symmetrical arranged or is uniformly arranged around wire mandrel is played, and it is overall in hollow shape or cup-shaped, including bottom drain cup-shaped, And hollow shape or cup-shaped, including the hollow parts of bottom drain cup-shaped carry preceding thick rear thin taper corresponding with playing core afterbody;
    The bullet support, from playing after core to protheca on core is played, and after thorax is gone out, shells as tapered sleeve to core rear is played.
  15. 15. fluid forces spinning stability according to claim 14 bores tail Discarding Sabot, including bullet support and bullet core, feature exists In, including:Bullet support rear portion or afterbody are symmetrically arranged with volute groove or volute hole around wire mandrel is played.
  16. 16. the fluid forces spinning stability cone tail Discarding Sabot according to claims 14 or 15, it is characterised in that including: There are bonding agent, including Energetic binding agent between bullet support and bullet core, bonding force can be reduced or disappeared rapidly the bonding agent at high temperature Lose.
  17. 17. fluid forces spinning stability according to claim 15 bores tail Discarding Sabot, it is characterised in that including:Play backing Or/and bullet support wall uses elastomeric material.
  18. 18. fluid forces spinning stability according to claim 15 bores tail Discarding Sabot, it is characterised in that including:The bullet Pit is arranged at core bottom, and playing backing portion then has the projection for heading into pit.
  19. 19. fluid forces spinning stability according to claim 18 bores tail Discarding Sabot, it is characterised in that including:The bullet Core base wells are tapered, and the bullet support bottom protrusion has taper corresponding with playing core pit;Or in the raised and pit face Feather key and keyway or similar projection and groove are set again;Or the pit and projection are processed into cylinder, and at this The inside and outside spline or similar structures of guiding be set on the pit and projection of cylinder, the inside and outside spline of guiding phase vertically To motion limited location, counter motion vertically then can freely deviate from;Carry what is leaked out in bullet support bottom protrusion described above Through hole or groove.
  20. 20. fluid forces spinning stability according to claim 18 bores tail Discarding Sabot, it is characterised in that the bullet core bottom Pit and bullet support bottom protrusion have 2 or more, and uniformly or are symmetrical arranged all around bullet wire mandrel, and each bullet support Bottom protrusion corresponds to a pit for playing core bottom, and now bullet support is integrally presented including cup-shaped, bottom drain cup-shaped, drawing pin shape, or Ventilative through hole or groove is set again in bullet support bottom protrusion described above.
  21. 21. a kind of fluid forces spinning stability bores tail Discarding Sabot armament systems, it is characterised by, including:
    Multisection type barrel described in claim 9 or 10, and any described spin of claim 14,16,17,18,19,20 are steady Surely tail Discarding Sabot is bored.
  22. 22. armament systems according to claim 21, it is characterised in that the bullet core of the spinning stability cone tail Discarding Sabot is The various nonfluids of sub-calibre promote spin bullet.
CN201720042609.4U 2017-01-15 2017-01-15 The armament systems being made up of multisection type barrel and fluid forces spin bullet Active CN206556504U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018130171A1 (en) * 2017-01-15 2018-07-19 朱锐泷 Weapon system consisting of multi-segment barrel and fluid-driven spinning projectile, and method
CN110645830A (en) * 2019-10-17 2020-01-03 扬州工业职业技术学院 Cam type rotating tube weapon rotary driving device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018130171A1 (en) * 2017-01-15 2018-07-19 朱锐泷 Weapon system consisting of multi-segment barrel and fluid-driven spinning projectile, and method
CN110645830A (en) * 2019-10-17 2020-01-03 扬州工业职业技术学院 Cam type rotating tube weapon rotary driving device
CN110645830B (en) * 2019-10-17 2021-11-09 扬州工业职业技术学院 Cam type rotating tube weapon rotary driving device

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