CN206452320U - A kind of multi-heat source thermo-electric generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multi-heat source thermo-electric generation system, including multi-heat source heat collecting module, temperature-difference power generation module and refrigerating module, multi-heat source heat collecting module and refrigerating module form heat source loop and low-temperature receiver loop with temperature-difference power generation module respectively.The utility model utilizes solar energy heating and thermoelectric generation, heat energy in sunshine is collected, heat energy is stored, by temperature difference power conversion system tidal time difference, realize the integrated power generation system of various heating sources, system architecture is simple, easy to disassemble and mobile, be adapted to various heating sources generating, applied widely, working stability and long lifespan, and functional diversities.

Description

A multi-heat source thermoelectric power generation system

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of clean energy reuse, and relates to solar heat collection and thermoelectric power generation technology, in particular to a multi-heat source thermoelectric power generation system.

Background technique

98.98% of the energy that can be used on the earth originally comes from solar energy. There are two types of solar power generation, one is solar power generation (also known as solar light power generation), and the other is solar thermal power generation (also known as solar thermal power generation). Provide great significance for energy conservation and sustainable development.

Solar thermal power generation is to convert solar energy into thermal energy first, and then convert thermal energy into electrical energy. It has two conversion methods. One is to directly convert solar thermal energy into electrical energy, such as thermoelectric power generation of semiconductor or metal materials, thermal electron and thermoelectric ion power generation in vacuum devices, alkali metal thermoelectric conversion, and magnetic fluid power generation. Another way is to use solar thermal energy to drive a generator to generate electricity through a heat engine (such as a steam turbine), which is similar to conventional thermal power generation, except that the thermal energy does not come from fuel, but from solar energy.

The basic principle of photovoltaic power generation is the "photovoltaic effect". When a photon irradiates a metal, its energy can be completely absorbed by an electron in the metal. The energy absorbed by the electron is large enough to overcome the internal gravitational force of the metal to do work, escape from the metal surface, and become a photoelectron. Photovoltaic panels are large in size and quality, and cannot be used at night and are greatly affected by weather conditions.

The solar energy is reflected by the Fresnel reflector and collected on the heat-absorbing tube, and the cold medium enters the heat-absorbing tube to absorb the solar energy and become a heat medium, thereby realizing the function of concentrating light and heat and realizing the conversion of light and heat.

However, solar energy is affected by time, weather, and region, and it is generally required for power generation systems to be able to continuously generate electricity. Therefore, the multi-heat source thermoelectric power generation system can effectively utilize various heat energies.

The thermal energy available in general life includes solar energy, geothermal energy, waste heat energy and other thermal energy that can have a temperature difference with the cooling circulating water of the system, all of which can be utilized by the system.

Thermoelectric power generation device is a device that directly converts heat energy into electrical energy by using the Seebeck effect. It has the advantages of no rotating parts, relatively small size, no noise, no pollution, and high reliability.

The power generation efficiency of a thermoelectric power generation device is proportional to the temperature difference between the two ends of the device, and the output power is proportional to the square of the temperature difference. temperature difference between.

Komatsu's bismuth telluride thermoelectric module has a thermoelectric conversion efficiency of 7.2% at a high temperature of 280°C and a low temperature of 30°C. At this temperature, the maximum power of a single module can reach 24W, and the energy density is 1W/cm ² .

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a multi-heat source thermoelectric power generation system, which uses solar heat collection and thermoelectric power generation technology to collect heat energy in sunlight, store the heat energy, and pass through the thermoelectric conversion system without interruption Power generation, realize the integrated power generation system of multiple heat sources, the system structure is simple, easy to disassemble and move, suitable for multiple heat source power generation, wide application range, stable work, long life, and diversified functions.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a multi-heat source thermoelectric power generation system, which is characterized in that it includes a multi-heat source heat collection module, a thermoelectric power generation module and a cooling module, and the multi-heat source heat collection module The cooling module and the thermoelectric power generation module respectively form a heat source circuit and a cold source circuit. The thermoelectric power generation module includes a rectangular cooling water pipe, a thermoelectric module group and a rectangular heat exchange tube. The thermoelectric module group is located in the middle, and the rectangular cooling water pipe and the rectangular heat exchange tube Located on both sides of the thermoelectric module group, the three are closely stacked in turn, and the output ports of the thermoelectric module group are connected to the DC/AC conversion module and the transformer in turn; the multi-heat source heat collection module includes solar heat collectors, solar concentrators, medium and low temperature The heat storage tower and the high temperature heat storage tower, the outlet pipeline of the rectangular heat exchange tube passes through the solar heat collecting plate, the medium and low temperature heat storage tower, the solar concentrating plate, the high temperature heat storage tower in turn, and returns to the rectangular heat exchange tube. The inlet forms a heat source circuit; the cooling module includes a cooling water tower and an air-cooled radiator, and the outlet pipeline of the rectangular cooling water pipe passes through the cooling water tower and the air-cooled radiator in turn, and returns to the inlet of the rectangular cooling water pipe to form a cold source circuit .

As a further supplement to the above structure, it also includes a heating furnace, the inlet of the heating furnace communicates with the outlet of the rectangular heat exchange tube, and the outlet of the heating furnace connects with the high-temperature heat storage tower.

As a further supplement to the above structure, it also includes a heat exchanger, the inlet of the heat exchanger communicates with the outlet of the rectangular heat exchange tube, and the outlet of the heat exchanger connects with the high-temperature heat storage tower.

To further limit the above structure, stop valves are provided on the branch pipelines at the outlet of the rectangular heat exchange tubes, and check valves are provided on the pipelines between the medium and low temperature heat storage towers and the solar concentrating panels.

To further define the above structure, both the heat source circuit and the cold source circuit are provided with circulating water pumps and flow meters, and the medium and low temperature heat storage towers and high temperature heat storage towers are respectively provided with thermometers.

To further limit the above structure, the thermoelectric module groups are connected in the form of an array, and the modules are connected in series in areas with the same temperature distribution, and the modules connected in series are connected in parallel for shunting.

To further limit the above structure, the multi-heat source heat collection module and the connecting pipes between the various structures in the module are all insulated with thermal insulation materials.

To further define the above structure, the surface of the rectangular cooling water pipe, the thermoelectric module group and the rectangular heat exchange tube is arranged with heat-conducting silicone grease, and the three are tightly bonded by a clamping device.

To further define the above structure, the clamping device includes an upper plate, a lower plate, and bolts connecting the upper plate and the lower plate. The upper plate and the lower plate are respectively placed on both sides of the thermoelectric power generation module, and the bolts are distributed Surrounding with the thermoelectric power generation module.

The above structure is further defined, the rectangular cooling water pipe and the rectangular heat exchange pipe are respectively provided with thermocouples, the thermocouples are connected to the signal input end of the temperature controller, and the circulating water pump is connected to the signal output end of the temperature controller .

The beneficial effects produced by adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme are:

(1) The multi-heat source thermoelectric power generation system in this utility model opens up a new application of solar heat collection and thermoelectric technology, and uses the thermoelectric effect to directly convert heat energy into electrical energy, so that the power station can continuously supply electricity 365 days a year without When electricity is needed or the excess electricity can be connected to the grid for operation, a variety of heat sources can be used for power generation, and for people in remote areas, such as islands, plateaus, and pastoral areas. In addition to meeting the continuous supply of hot water in life, it can also continuously provide electrical energy;

(2) The connection mode of the thermoelectric module group in this utility model adopts the m×n array form, and the modules are connected in series in the same temperature distribution area, and then the module groups connected in series are connected in parallel for shunting, because Due to the limitation of the rated voltage and current of the module, it is necessary to shunt the modules through parallel connection, and the actual working temperature of the corresponding series thermoelectric module should be in the same temperature range, so as to increase the output power as much as possible;

(3) The heat storage tower in this utility model is divided into two types, namely a medium and low temperature heat storage tower and a high temperature heat storage tower. The heat storage tower uses concentrating panels to increase the energy grade, and the temperature reaches 280°C, so as to maximize the temperature difference and improve the conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module;

(4) The heat storage and heat conduction medium flow-through devices in this utility model need to be insulated. The focus is on the medium and low temperature heat storage towers, high temperature heat storage towers and connecting pipes that need to be insulated with heat preservation materials to reduce the heat as much as possible. Loss;

(5) The solar concentrating panel and the medium and low temperature heat storage tower in the utility model are connected by a single valve, which can effectively prevent the high-grade heat transfer medium from flowing into the medium and low temperature heat storage tower;

(6) The heat conduction medium of the heat source in the utility model adopts a closed cycle to reduce heat loss, and the heat conduction medium of the cold source adopts water, and domestic hot water pipes are arranged on the connection pipe between the rectangular cooling water pipe and the air-cooled radiator , to facilitate people's actual life;

(7) Compared with the prior art, the utility model has a simple system structure, is easy to disassemble and move, is suitable for generating electricity from various heat sources, has a wide application range, works stably, has a long life, and has multiple functions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the composition block diagram of embodiment one in the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the composition block diagram of embodiment two in the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the temperature difference electric module group in the utility model;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of energy conversion in the utility model;

Fig. 5 is an assembly drawing of the rectangular cooling water pipe, the rectangular heat exchange pipe and the temperature difference point module group in the utility model;

Fig. 6 is a block diagram of temperature control composition according to the utility model;

Among them: 1. Solar heat collector, 2. Solar concentrator, 3. Medium and low temperature heat storage tower, 4. High temperature heat storage tower, 5. Transformer, 6. Heating furnace, 7. Heat exchanger, 8. DC/AC Conversion module, 9. Rectangular cooling water pipe, 10. Thermoelectric module group, 11. Rectangular heat exchange pipe, 12. Temperature controller, 13. Cooling water tower, 14. Air-cooled radiator, 15. Connecting pipe, 16. Stop valve , 17, thermometer, 18, one-way valve, 19, circulating water pump, 20, flow meter, 21, thermocouple, 24, clamping device, 25, bolt, 26, gasket, 27, nut.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail.

The utility model specifically relates to a multi-heat source thermoelectric power generation system, which specifically includes a multi-heat source heat collection module, a thermoelectric power generation module and a cooling module. The multi-heat source heat collection module and the cooling module respectively form a heat source circuit and a cold source circuit with the thermoelectric power generation module.

Accompanying drawing 1 is a composition block diagram of a multi-heat source thermoelectric power generation system, wherein the thermoelectric power generation module includes a rectangular cooling water pipe 9, a thermoelectric module group 10 and a rectangular heat exchange tube 11, the thermoelectric module group 10 is located in the middle, and the rectangular cooling water pipe 9 and rectangular heat exchange tubes 11 are located on both sides of the thermoelectric module group 10, and the three are closely stacked in turn to realize the conversion of heat energy into electrical energy. The output port of the thermoelectric module group 10 is connected to the DC/AC conversion module 8 and the transformer 5 in turn, Transformer 5 and DC/AC conversion module 8 realize electric energy conversion, provide 220AC power supply for daily life or system power generation and grid connection; multi-heat source heat collection module includes solar heat collector 1, solar concentrator 2, medium and low temperature heat storage tower 3 and high temperature In the heat storage tower 4, a check valve 18 is provided on the pipeline between the medium and low temperature heat storage tower 3 and the solar concentrator plate 2, and the outlet pipeline of the rectangular heat exchange tube 11 passes through the solar heat collector plate 1, the medium and low temperature heat storage Tower 3, solar concentrating panel 2, high-temperature heat storage tower 4, and return to the inlet of rectangular heat exchange tube 11 to form a heat source circuit; cooling module includes cooling water tower 13 and air-cooled radiator 14, and the outlet pipeline of rectangular cooling water tube 9 Pass through the cooling water tower 13 and the air-cooled radiator 14 in turn, and return to the inlet of the rectangular cooling water pipe 9 to form a cold source circuit.

Accompanying drawing 2 is a composition block diagram of a multi-heat source thermoelectric power generation system. On the basis of accompanying drawing 1, the system adds a heating furnace 6 and a heat exchanger 7, wherein the inlet of the heating furnace 6 is connected to the rectangular heat exchange tube 11 The outlet of the heating furnace 6 is connected to the high-temperature heat storage tower 4, the inlet of the heat exchanger 7 is connected to the outlet of the rectangular heat exchange tube 11, and the outlet of the heat exchanger 7 is connected to the high-temperature heat storage tower 4. The system collects the heat energy in the sunlight through the solar heat collecting plate 1 and the solar concentrating plate 2, stores the heat energy, and then conducts 24-hour uninterrupted power generation through the thermoelectric conversion system. If it encounters long-term rainy weather, it can The system is supplemented with heat through the heating furnace 6 or the heat exchanger 7, so as to ensure uninterrupted work for 365 days, which is the utilization of renewable energy.

In the two kinds of multi-heat source thermoelectric power generation systems of accompanying drawings 1 and 2, the energy collection system can simultaneously or separately utilize the solar thermal collector plate 1, the solar concentrator plate 2, the heating furnace 6 and the heat exchanger 7 to collect heat. Both the heat source circuit and the cold source circuit are provided with a circulating water pump 19 and a flow meter 20 , and a thermometer 17 is provided on the medium and low temperature heat storage tower 3 and the high temperature heat storage tower 4 respectively. The heat conduction medium in the heat source circuit adopts a closed cycle to reduce heat loss. The heat conduction medium can use heat conduction oil, because water cannot reach 280°C, and at the same time avoid the problem of pipe rust. The heat conduction medium of the cold source circuit adopts water, and domestic hot water pipes are arranged on the connecting pipe 15 between the rectangular cooling water pipe 9 and the air-cooled radiator 14, which is convenient for people's actual life.

The heat storage tower in the above system is divided into two, namely, the medium and low temperature heat storage tower 3 and the high temperature heat storage tower 5 . The medium and low temperature heat storage tower 3 uses a flat plate to absorb heat, which can quickly increase the temperature and has a large heat absorbing area. The high-temperature heat storage tower 5 utilizes light-concentrating plates to increase energy grade, and the temperature reaches 280°C, so as to maximize the temperature difference and improve the conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module. When encountering continuous rainy weather, multiple heat sources can be used to ensure the normal operation of the power generation system. The medium and low temperature heat storage tower 3 can be closed, and the high temperature heat storage tower 4 can be kept for partial circulation to reduce heat loss.

The solar concentrating panel 2 and the medium and low temperature heat storage tower 3 are connected through a one-way valve 18 to prevent the high-grade heat transfer medium from flowing into the medium and low temperature heat storage tower 3 . The heat storage of the system and the heat transfer medium flowing through the device need to be insulated. The focus is on the medium and low temperature heat storage tower 3, the high temperature heat storage tower 4 and the connecting pipe 15, which need to be insulated with heat preservation materials to minimize heat loss.

In Figure 3, the thermoelectric module group 10 is connected in the form of an m×n array, the modules are connected in series in the same temperature distribution area, and then the series connected module groups are connected in parallel for shunting. Thermoelectric modules, also known as thermoelectric modules, are generally square. In order to reduce the thermal stress of the module, the best size is 40×40mm, and its thickness is generally 5-7mm. The arrangement should be as close as possible to maximize the use of waste heat for power generation. The single modules are connected in series first and then parallel in m×n array. Due to the limitation of the rated voltage and current of the modules, the modules need to be shunted through parallel connection, and the actual working temperature of the corresponding series thermoelectric modules should be in the same temperature range. , to increase the output power as much as possible. The thermoelectric module group 10 can select a low-temperature, medium-temperature or high-temperature thermoelectric module according to the grade of waste heat collected and the operating temperature range of the thermoelectric module. At present, a typical low-temperature semiconductor thermoelectric module is a bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) module. The temperature difference module is a lead telluride (PbTe) module, and the high temperature module is a silicon germanium alloy (SiGe) temperature difference module. If the low-temperature bismuth telluride module is used to calculate 15W for each thermoelectric module, and based on the design of a 4.5KW power generation system, 3000 thermoelectric modules are required.

The periphery of the thermoelectric module is filled with heat insulating material, which is one of asbestos, glass fiber, heat insulating ceramics or multi-layer composite materials to reduce heat transfer, and the thermoelectric module, rectangular heat exchange tube and rectangular cooling are cooled by clamping devices. The plumbing is assembled.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of energy conversion of a multi-heat source thermoelectric power generation system according to the utility model. A variety of heat sources are arranged at the hot end of the thermoelectric module group, circulating cooling water is arranged at the cold end of the module, and the temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end is used to generate electricity.

As shown in accompanying drawing 5, it is the assembly diagram of the rectangular cooling water pipe and the rectangular heat exchange pipe of the thermoelectric module, and the rectangular cooling water pipe 9, the thermoelectric module group 10 and the rectangular The heat exchange tubes 11 are assembled. Among them, the rectangular cooling water pipe 9, the thermoelectric module group 10 and the rectangular heat exchange tube 11 are arranged with heat-conducting silicone grease on the surface, and the three are closely bonded by the clamping device 24, wherein the clamping device 24 is composed of an upper plate, a lower plate and a connecting plate. The bolts 25 of the upper plate and the lower plate are respectively placed on both sides of the thermoelectric power generation module, and the bolts 25 are distributed around the thermoelectric power generation module. Among them, the thermal conductive silicone grease should have a higher thermal conductivity, and can ensure the best rated working temperature of the module under liquid conditions.

As shown in accompanying drawing 6, temperature control system comprises temperature controller 12, circulating water pump 19 and thermocouple 21, and thermocouple 21 is connected with the signal input end of temperature controller 12, and circulating water pump 19 is connected with the signal output end of temperature controller 12 The two thermocouples 21 respectively represent the temperature of the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric module, and the two circulating water pumps 19 are respectively the heat source circulating water pump and the cold source circulating water pump. 12 improve or reduce circulating water pump 19 powers. The power generation system consists of a temperature controller 12, a circulating water pump 19 and a thermocouple 21 to make the module group work at the rated working temperature, so that the system can run efficiently and stably.

In this system, the rectangular heat exchange tube 11 and the rectangular cooling water tube 9 have a rectangular cross-section, and the surface of the rectangular tube should be smooth to ensure the contact area with the thermoelectric module and the installation pressure. The surface of the heat exchange tube that does not conduct heat transfer should be treated with insulation. The cooling system adopts an air-cooled cooling system, which uses natural wind energy to keep the cold source within a certain temperature range. The surface of the connecting pipe 15 is arranged with thermal insulation material to reduce heat loss, and the thermal insulation material adopts polyurethane and rock wool.

Compared with the prior art, the multi-purpose thermoelectric system of the utility model has a simple structure, is easy to disassemble and move, is suitable for power generation by various heat sources, has a wide application range, works stably, has a long service life, and has multiple functions. The utility model opens up a new application of solar heat collection and thermoelectric power generation technology. However, the utilization of solar energy is limited by various factors. There are many sources of heat energy in daily life. The thermoelectric effect is used to directly convert heat energy into electrical energy, thus realizing a power station. The electricity is continuously supplied 365 days a year, and it can be connected to the grid for operation when no electricity is needed or the excess electricity is used.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of multi-heat source thermo-electric generation system, it is characterised in that：Including multi-heat source heat collecting module, temperature-difference power generation module and cooling Module, described multi-heat source heat collecting module and refrigerating module form heat source loop and low-temperature receiver loop with temperature-difference power generation module respectively, Wherein temperature-difference power generation module includes rectangle cooling water pipe（9）, thermoelectric module group（10）With rectangle heat exchanger tube（11）, thermoelectric mould Block group（10）Positioned at centre, rectangle cooling water pipe（9）With rectangle heat exchanger tube（11）Positioned at thermoelectric module group（10）Both sides, three Person is closely superimposed successively, thermoelectric module group（10）Output port successively with DC/AC modular converters（8）And transformer（5）Even Connect；Multi-heat source heat collecting module includes solar heat-collection plate（1）, solar energy condensation board（2）, middle low temperature heat accumulation tower（3）With high temperature storage Thermal tower（4）, described rectangle heat exchanger tube（11）Export pipeline sequentially pass through solar heat-collection plate（1）, middle low temperature heat accumulation tower （3）, solar energy condensation board（2）, high-temperature heat-storage tower（4）, and it is back to rectangle heat exchanger tube（11）Import, formed heat source loop； Refrigerating module includes cooling tower（13）And air-cooled radiator（14）, described rectangle cooling water pipe（9）Export pipeline successively Through cooling tower（13）And air-cooled radiator（14）, and it is back to rectangle cooling water pipe（9）Import, form low-temperature receiver loop.

2. a kind of multi-heat source thermo-electric generation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include heating furnace（6）, institute The heating furnace stated（6）Import and rectangle heat exchanger tube（11）Outlet, heating furnace（6）Outlet and high-temperature heat-storage tower（4） Connection.

3. a kind of multi-heat source thermo-electric generation system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Also include heat exchanger （7）, described heat exchanger（7）Import and rectangle heat exchanger tube（11）Outlet, heat exchanger（7）Outlet and high-temperature heat-storage Tower（4）Connection.

4. a kind of multi-heat source thermo-electric generation system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described rectangle heat exchanger tube （11）Stop valve is equipped with the bye-pass of outlet（16）, in middle low temperature heat accumulation tower（3）And solar energy condensation board（2）Between pipe Road is provided with check valve（18）.

5. a kind of multi-heat source thermo-electric generation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described heat source loop and cold Resource loop is equipped with water circulating pump（19）And flowmeter（20）, described middle low temperature heat accumulation tower（3）With high-temperature heat-storage tower（4）Upper point She You not thermometer（17）.

6. a kind of multi-heat source thermo-electric generation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described thermoelectric module group （10）Connected mode uses array format, and block coupled in series gets up in Temperature Distribution identical region, the module group being together in series Between it is in parallel, shunted.

7. a kind of multi-heat source thermo-electric generation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described multi-heat source collection hot-die Connecting tube in block and the module between each structure（15）It is thermally insulated with insulation material.

8. a kind of multi-heat source thermo-electric generation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described rectangle cooling water pipe （9）, thermoelectric module group（10）With rectangle heat exchanger tube（11）Surface layout heat-conducting silicone grease, and pass through clamping device（24）Make three It is brought into close contact.

9. a kind of multi-heat source thermo-electric generation system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Described clamping device（24） It is to include upper plate, lower plate and connection upper plate and the bolt of lower plate（25）, the temperature difference hair that described upper plate and lower plate is respectively placed in Electric module both sides, bolt（25）Distribution and temperature-difference power generation module surrounding.

10. a kind of multi-heat source thermo-electric generation system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described rectangle cooling water Pipe（9）With rectangle heat exchanger tube（11）It is respectively equipped with thermocouple（21）, described thermocouple（21）With temperature controller（12）Signal it is defeated Enter end connection, water circulating pump（19）With temperature controller（12）Signal output part connection.