CN206443752U - A kind of orthopaedics Minimally Invasive Surgery guider - Google Patents

Abstract

A guiding device for orthopedic minimally invasive surgery belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical devices and is used for guiding in orthopedic minimally invasive surgery. The technical solution is: the upper cross bar and the lower cross bar are parallel, one end of the upper cross bar has a hook bent downward, the other end of the upper cross bar is vertically fixedly connected with the upper end of the guide rod, and the guide rod is inserted into the guide sleeve Inside, there is a guide hole at one end of the lower cross bar. The Kirschner wire passes through the guide hole and faces the center of the front end of the hook of the upper cross bar. The other end of the lower cross bar is vertically fixedly connected with the lower end of the guide sleeve. It is a longitudinal rack, the gear is installed in the guide sleeve, the gear is meshed with the rack, and the gear shaft passes through the side wall of the guide sleeve and is coaxially connected with the rotating handle. The utility model solves the problem that certain parts are difficult to locate accurately in minimally invasive orthopedic surgery, can help the operator quickly control the bone tissue that is not easy to clamp, greatly shortens the operation time, reduces X-ray radiation, and ensures good reset. Accelerate the healing of fractures.

Description

Orthopedic minimally invasive surgery guiding device

technical field

The utility model relates to a guide device for orthopedic minimally invasive surgery, which belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments.

Background technique

With the advancement of modern medical technology, minimally invasive surgical techniques have penetrated into all clinical fields, and precision medicine has become a higher pursuit of medical workers in the new era. Trauma orthopedics is one of the important branches of clinical medicine, and minimally invasive surgical techniques have also been widely used. Minimally invasive orthopedic surgery has the characteristics of small technical trauma, accurate reduction, and exact fixation. It overcomes the defects of large trauma and long operation time in traditional surgery. The iatrogenic injury caused by repeated and excessive stripping, repeated puncture, and grinding has reduced the defects such as screw position, length, incision, and inaccurate fixation to a greater extent. For comminuted fractures of extremities, especially fractures with small bone fragments falling off and not easy to clamp, minimally invasive orthopedic surgery techniques obviously have the best adaptability.

At present, in the clinical process, it is found that due to the small incision of minimally invasive surgery, precise positioning is required, so X-ray irradiation is often used. X-ray irradiation has adverse effects on the health of doctors and patients, and surgery should be performed as soon as possible. Positioning to shorten X-ray exposure time. However, under the condition of minimally invasive surgery, precise surgical positioning is difficult, especially in operations such as fixation of iliac wing fractures, insertion of osteotomy lag screws for elbow deformity, fixation of coronoid fractures of the ulna, and placement of internal fixation around the joints. Obviously, we can only rely on the rich clinical experience of doctors to make judgments, which increases the difficulty of surgery. In this case, how to solve the problem of rapid and accurate positioning in minimally invasive surgery is very necessary to shorten the operation time, reduce X-ray radiation, ensure good reduction, and achieve fracture healing to a greater extent.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a guide device for orthopedic minimally invasive surgery. This guide device can quickly and accurately position the operation, help the operator to quickly control the bone tissue that is not easy to clamp, shorten the operation time and Reduce the damage of X-ray radiation to the human body and ensure the smooth progress of the operation.

The technical scheme that solves the above-mentioned technical problem is:

A guide device for orthopedic minimally invasive surgery, which includes an upper cross bar, a lower cross bar, a guide rod, a guide sleeve, a gear, a rotating handle, and a Kirschner wire. The upper cross bar and the lower cross bar are parallel, and one end of the upper cross bar has a The hook bent downwards, the other end of the upper cross bar is vertically fixedly connected with the upper end of the guide rod, the guide rod is inserted into the guide sleeve, one end of the lower cross bar has a guide hole, and the axis of the guide hole is connected to the upper end of the upper cross bar. The front end of the hook is on a straight line, the other end of the lower cross bar is vertically fixedly connected with the lower end of the guide sleeve, the Kirschner wire passes through the guide hole, the front end of the Kirschner wire is opposite to the center of the front end of the hook of the upper cross bar, and the guide sleeve It is a square tube sleeve, the rod body of the guide rod has a rectangular section, the back and both sides of the rod body of the guide rod are in sliding contact with the rear wall and two side walls of the inner cavity of the guide sleeve, and the front of the rod body of the guide rod is a longitudinal rack, gear Installed in the gap between the front of the rod body of the guide rod and the front wall of the inner cavity of the guide sleeve, the gear meshes with the rack in front of the rod body of the guide rod, and the gear shaft passes through the side wall of the guide sleeve and is coaxially connected with the rotating handle .

In the guide device for orthopedic minimally invasive surgery described above, the tip end surface of the hook at the front end of the upper cross bar has a blind hole, the center line of the blind hole coincides with the center line of the tip of the hook, and the diameter of the blind hole at the opening of the tip of the hook is the same as that of K The outer diameter of the tip of the needle matches, and the tip of the blind hole is sharp.

In the guide device for orthopedic minimally invasive surgery described above, sleeves are installed at the guide holes of the lower cross bar, and there are multiple sleeves, the outer diameters of the multiple sleeves match the inner diameters of the guide holes, and the inner diameters of the multiple sleeves The outer diameters of the Kirschner wires with different outer diameters are respectively matched, the inner wall of the guide hole of the lower cross bar is threaded, and the outer walls of the plurality of casing pipes are respectively threaded to match the threads of the inner wall of the guide hole.

In the guide device for orthopedic minimally invasive surgery, a ratchet is set on the rotating handle shaft, and a pawl is installed on the outer wall of the guide sleeve on one side of the ratchet, and the ratchet is engaged with the ratchet.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

The Kirschner wire of the utility model can be guided through the hook of the upper crossbar and the guide hole of the lower crossbar, and the guide rod can move along the guide sleeve to drive the upper crossbar to adjust the distance with the lower crossbar, so that Puts pressure on the bone fragments between the upper and lower crossbars. The utility model has definite clinical curative effect, can help the operator quickly control the bone tissue that is not easy to clamp, greatly shortens the operation time, reduces X-ray radiation, reduces operation trauma, and realizes fractures to a greater extent while ensuring good reduction. of healing. It has unique convenience in the implementation of iliac wing fracture fixation, osteotomy lag screw insertion for elbow deformity, fixation of ulna coronoid fracture, and placement of internal fixation around the joint.

The utility model is the first in orthopedic minimally invasive surgery, which solves the problem that certain parts are difficult to accurately locate in orthopedic minimally invasive surgery, and is especially beneficial to help the operator quickly control the bone tissue that is not easy to clamp, so as to shorten the operation time and reduce the The harm of X-ray radiation to the human body ensures the smooth progress of the operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tip of the hook on the upper cross bar;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the guide hole of the lower cross bar and the casing;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the ratchet and the pawl for rotating the handle.

The markings in the figure are as follows: upper cross bar 1, lower cross bar 2, guide rod 3, guide sleeve 4, gear 5, rack 6, rotating handle 7, Kirschner wire 8, hook 9, blind hole 10, guide hole 11. Sleeve 12, ratchet 13, pawl 14.

detailed description

The utility model is composed of an upper cross bar 1, a lower cross bar 2, a guide rod 3, a guide sleeve 4, a gear 5, a rack 6, a rotating handle 7, a sleeve 12, a ratchet 13, a pawl 14 and a Kirschner wire 8 .

Figure 1 shows that the overall structure of the utility model is: the upper cross bar 1 and the lower cross bar 2 are parallel round bars, and one end of the upper cross bar 1 has a downwardly bent crotch 9, which is used for clamping bones. The other end of the upper cross bar 1 is vertically fixedly connected with the upper end of the guide rod 3 , and the guide rod 3 is inserted into the guide sleeve 4 . One end of the lower cross bar 2 has a guide hole 11, and the axis of the guide hole 11 is on a straight line with the crotch 9 front ends of the upper cross bar 1. The other end of the lower cross bar 2 is vertically fixedly connected with the lower end of the guide sleeve 4 . The Kirschner wire 8 passes through the guide hole 3, and the front end of the Kirschner wire 8 is opposite to the center of the front end of the crotch 9 of the upper cross bar 1.

Fig. 1 shows that the guide sleeve 4 is a square tube sleeve, and the cross-section of the rod body of the guide rod 3 is rectangular, and the back and both sides of the rod body of the guide rod 3 are in sliding contact with the rear wall of the inner chamber of the guide sleeve 4 and the two side walls. The rod 3 can slide up and down in the guide sleeve 4 without shaking and rotating to both sides. There is a gap between the front of the rod body of the guide rod 3 and the front wall of the inner chamber of the guide sleeve 4 for installing the gear 5 .

Figure 1 shows that the front of the rod body of the guide rod 3 is a longitudinal rack 6, and the gear 5 is installed in the gap between the front of the rod body of the guide rod 3 and the front wall of the inner cavity of the guide sleeve 4, and the gear 5 and the rod body of the guide rod 3 The front rack 6 is engaged, and the gear shaft passes through the side wall of the guide sleeve 4 and is coaxially connected with the rotating handle 7 . Turning the handle 7 can drive the gear 5 to rotate, and the gear 5 drives the guide rod 3 to move up and down in the guide sleeve 4 through the rack 6, and drives the upper cross bar 1 to move to adjust the distance between the upper cross bar 1 and the lower cross bar 2 , so as to put pressure on the bone between the upper crossbar 1 and the lower crossbar 2.

Figure 2 shows that there is a blind hole 10 on the front end surface of the upper cross bar 1 front end crotch 9, the center line of the blind hole 10 coincides with the center line of the crotch 9 tip, and the aperture of the blind hole 10 at the opening of the crotch 9 tip is the same as that in grams The outer diameter of the front end of the needle 8 matches, and the front end of the blind hole 10 is sharp.

Figure 3 shows that the guide hole 11 of the lower cross bar 2 is provided with a sleeve pipe 12, and there are multiple sleeve pipes 12. The inner diameters match the outer diameters of the Kirschner wires 8 with different outer diameters respectively, the inner wall of the guide hole 11 of the lower cross bar 2 has threads, and the outer walls of a plurality of casing pipes 12 have threads corresponding to the inner walls of the guide holes 11. match. During the operation, different cannula 12 can be selected to be connected with the guide hole 11 to install Kirschner wires 8 of different diameters.

FIG. 4 shows that a ratchet 13 is sleeved on the shaft of the rotating handle 7 , and a ratchet 14 is installed on the outer wall of the guide sleeve 4 on one side of the ratchet 13 , and the ratchet 14 is engaged with the ratchet 13 . When the ratchet 13 rotates counterclockwise, the guide rod 3 moves downward, driving the front end of the upper cross bar 1 to clamp the bone block downward. After putting in place, the front end of ratchet 14 abuts on the tooth rear end of ratchet 13, and ratchet 13 can not reverse, and upper cross bar 1 and guide bar 3 can keep pressing state, can not unclamp. When the guide rod 3 needs to be unclamped, the ratchet 14 can be moved upwards, and the ratchet 13 can rotate clockwise. The gear 5 and the rotating handle 7 coaxially connected with the ratchet 13 can rotate clockwise together, and the guide rod 3 drives the upper cross bar. The crotch 9 of 1 is carried on.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of orthopaedics Minimally Invasive Surgery guider, it is characterised in that：It includes cross tube（1）, sheer pole（2）, guide rod （3）, pilot sleeve（4）, gear（5）, rotate handle（7）, Kirschner wire（8）, cross tube（1）And sheer pole（2）It is parallel, cross tube （1）One end have the crotch bent downwards（9）, cross tube（1）The other end and guide rod（3）Upper end be vertically fixedly connected, Guide rod（3）It is inserted into pilot sleeve（4）It is interior, sheer pole（2）One end have pilot hole（11）, pilot hole（11）Axis and upper horizontal stroke Bar（1）Crotch（9）Front end point-blank, sheer pole（2）The other end and pilot sleeve（4）Lower end vertically fixed connect Connect, Kirschner wire（8）Through pilot hole（11）, Kirschner wire（8）Front end and cross tube（1）Crotch（9）Front end center is relative, leads To sleeve（4）For square tube sleeve, guide rod（3）Body of rod section be rectangle, guide rod（3）The body of rod behind and two sides with Pilot sleeve（4）Inner chamber rear wall and two side are sliding contact, guide rod（3）The body of rod before be longitudinal rack（6）, gear （5）Installed in guide rod（3）The body of rod before with pilot sleeve（4）In gap between the antetheca of inner chamber, gear（5）With guide rod （3）The body of rod before rack（6）It is meshed, gear shaft passes through pilot sleeve（4）Side wall with rotate handle（7）Coaxially connect Connect.

2. orthopaedics Minimally Invasive Surgery guider according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cross tube（1）Front end is curved Hook（9）Sophisticated end face have blind hole（10）, blind hole（10）Center line and crotch（9）The center line at tip is overlapped, blind hole（10） In crotch（9）Aperture and Kirschner wire at tip inlets（8）The external diameter of front end matches, blind hole（10）Front end it is sharp.

3. orthopaedics Minimally Invasive Surgery guider according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The sheer pole（2）Guiding Hole（11）Place is provided with sleeve pipe（12）, sleeve pipe（12）Have multiple, multiple sleeve pipes（12）External diameter and pilot hole（11）Internal diameter Match, multiple sleeve pipes（12）Internal diameter Kirschner wire respectively with various outer diameter（8）External diameter match, sheer pole（2）Lead Xiang Kong（11）Inwall on have screw thread, multiple sleeve pipes（12）Outer wall on have screw thread and pilot hole respectively（11）The screw thread phase of inwall Matching.

4. orthopaedics Minimally Invasive Surgery guider according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is set with the rotation Handle axis There is ratchet（13）, ratchet（13）The pilot sleeve of side（4）Outer wall on ratchet is installed（14）, ratchet（14）With ratchet（13） It is meshed.