CN206252539U - A kind of shank and ankle fracture traction reduction frame - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a traction and reduction frame for calf and ankle fractures, which belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical devices and is used for traction and reduction of calf and ankle fractures. The technical solution is: the main draw rods are two inclined long rods, the middle parts of the two main draw rods are respectively connected with the upper parts of the two support rods through the rotating shaft, and the traction horizontal axis is vertically connected between the upper parts of the two main draw rods , there is a traction screw hole on the traction horizontal axis, the upper part of the traction bow is connected with the lower end of the lead screw, the lead screw matches the traction screw hole, the upper end of the lead screw is connected with the motor, and the motor is connected with the programmable controller. The lower part of the traction bow is fixed with the upper bone of the lower leg to be drawn, and the lower part of the two main drawbars has a traction Kirschner wire, and the middle part of the Kirschner wire passes through the drawn foot bone. The utility model can carry out precise traction on the fractured part of the calf and the ankle, and can correct the dislocation and twist of the fractured part, improves the reset quality of the minimally invasive treatment of the fracture of the lower limbs, and reduces the difficulty of the operation.

Description

Traction and reduction frame for calf and ankle fractures

technical field

The utility model relates to a device for pulling and resetting calf and ankle fractures, which belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical devices.

Background technique

Fractures of the calf and ankle are the parts with the highest incidence of systemic fractures, and the conditions are often complicated, with many types of fractures and difficult reduction. If the treatment is not good, it is very easy to cause complications such as shortening of the lower limbs, malunion, and nonunion. Moreover, with the change of the concept of fracture reduction, more and more emphasis is placed on the importance of closed minimally invasive fracture reduction, and for more complicated calf and ankle fractures, minimally invasive closed reduction has become an inevitable challenge in clinical work.

Traction technique is an important technique for minimally invasive closed reduction of fractures, including preoperative traction and intraoperative traction. Preoperative traction has been proven to be an important means of assisting surgery, and intraoperative traction is to ensure good fracture reduction and minimally invasive surgery. Necessary for surgery. At present, in orthopedic surgery, intraoperative traction mainly adopts manual traction, traction table traction and traction frame traction. Manual traction uses artificial force as the main traction force, which is non-mechanical traction. The traction force is often small, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of anatomical reduction, and it cannot guarantee that the traction force will continue to be consistent with the force line of the lower limbs. It is a relatively backward traction method; traction bed traction is the modern lower limb traction method The most commonly used traction method in fracture surgery, mechanical traction is more stable than manual traction, and the traction force is greater, which can meet the requirements of anatomical reduction. The traction force is similar to the force line of the lower limbs. It cannot be applied in war zones or disaster areas, and because of its fixed traction mode, its indications are narrow; traction frame traction often adopts mechanical bone traction along the force line of the lower limbs, and the forms of traction frames are different. Although the cost is low, the currently used The traction frame is only designed to be applied to specific fracture types, and its indications are narrow, and all of them are unidirectional traction along the line of force of the lower limbs, and the traction force is relatively small. Therefore from the overall situation, existing traction devices have many deficiencies, can not meet the needs of clinical treatment, and even many traction devices affect the operation of operators due to unreasonable design, which increases the difficulty of surgery on the contrary. Therefore, how to improve the reduction quality of minimally invasive treatment of lower extremity fractures, especially the reduction of complex lower extremity fractures, reduce the cost of surgery, and reduce surgical trauma, is an urgent problem to be solved by orthopedic clinicians.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a calf and ankle fracture traction reduction frame, which can implement precise traction on the fracture site, and can correct the dislocation and twist of the fracture site during the traction process , the entire traction reset frame has a simple structure, is easy to move and carry, and can be used in various complex environments.

The technical scheme that solves the above-mentioned technical problem is:

A traction reduction frame for calf and ankle fractures, which includes a base, two main traction rods, two support rods, a traction transverse axis, a traction bow, a motor, a programmable controller, and the base consists of two longitudinal rods and two Rectangular frame structure composed of horizontal rods, the main draw rods are two inclined long rods, the lower ends of the two main draw rods are connected with the front parts of the two longitudinal rods of the base, and the middle parts of the two main draw rods are respectively connected to the two shafts through the rotating shaft. The upper parts of the first support rods are connected, the lower ends of the two support rods are connected with the rear parts of the two longitudinal rods of the base, the traction transverse axis is vertically connected between the upper parts of the two main traction rods, and there are traction screw holes on the traction transverse axis , the upper part of the traction bow is connected with the lower end of the lead screw, the lead screw is matched with the traction screw hole, the lead screw passes through the traction screw hole, the upper end of the lead screw is connected with the motor through a coupling, and the motor is connected with the programmable controller The lower part of the traction bow is fixed to the upper bone of the calf to be drawn. The lower parts of the two main drawbars have opposite traction holes. Traction of the foot bones.

In the traction reduction frame for calf and ankle fractures mentioned above, the lower parts of the two main traction rods have horizontal horizontal adjustment screw holes, and the horizontal adjustment screw holes are perpendicular to the length direction of the rod body of the main traction rod. On the upper side, two bone round needles pass through the horizontal adjustment screw holes on both sides respectively and face the lower part of the calf or the ankle.

In the traction reduction frame for calf and ankle fractures mentioned above, an adjustment cross bar is fixedly installed between the lower parts of the two main traction rods, the adjustment cross bar is perpendicular to the main traction rod, and there are multiple multidirectional Adjusting the screw hole, the multidirectional adjusting screw hole is opposite to the calf lower part or the ankle below the adjustment cross bar, and the bone circular needle is passed in the multidirectional adjusting screw hole.

The traction reduction frame for calf and ankle fractures mentioned above has adjustment sleeves on the two main traction rods respectively. The adjustment sleeves and the main traction rods are rotatable sliding fit. The locking screw is fastened to the main drawbar, and the outer wall of the adjustment sleeve has a protruding rotation adjusting piece, and the rotation adjusting screw is arranged on the rotation adjusting piece.

The traction reset frame for calf and ankle fractures above, above the traction holes in the lower part of the two main traction rods, respectively have a distal tension anti-traction device, and the distal tension anti-traction device is composed of a strong spring, a locking sleeve, and a locking screw , the upper part of the traction hole in the lower part of the two main drawbars is cut into two bodies, and there are concave holes on the opposite end faces of the two cut-off bodies, and the two ends of the strong spring are respectively embedded in the concave holes on the opposite end faces of the two bodies, and locked The sleeve sleeve is sheathed on the outer ends of the Kirschner wires in the two traction holes, and the locking screw passes through the screw hole on the locking sleeve and is fastened and fixed with the Kirschner wire.

In the traction reduction frame for calf and ankle fractures, the upper surfaces of the front and rear of the base longitudinal rod are serrated, the lower end of the main traction rod and the lower end of the support rod are respectively embedded in the serrations, the lower end of the main traction rod and the support The lower end of the rod is detachably connected with the sawtooth of the longitudinal rod of the base.

In the traction reduction frame for fractures of the lower leg and ankle, the diameter of the upper part of the circular bone needle is greater than the diameter of the lower part, the pitch of the thread at the large diameter part of the upper part is smaller than the pitch of the thread at the small diameter part of the lower part, and the thread at the large diameter part of the upper part is rotated with the circular bone needle. Match the threads of the screw holes that are inserted.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

The base of the utility model, the main traction rod, the support rod, the traction horizontal shaft and the traction bow constitute the main body of the traction reset frame. The lower part of the main traction rod has a Kirschner wire to fix the lower part of the lower leg or the ankle to be pulled, and the traction horizontal shaft is connected. The traction bow pulls the upper part of the tracted calf upward, and the motor connected with the traction bow can precisely control the pulling distance under the control of the programmable controller to achieve accurate reset; the bone circular needle passes through the lateral direction of the lower part of the main traction rod The horizontal adjustment screw hole can adjust the dislocation of the fracture in the main horizontal direction. By adjusting the multi-directional adjustment screw hole on the cross bar, the dislocation of the fracture in the direction of up and down and on both sides can be adjusted; the bone circular needle can also pass through the adjustment sleeve on the main traction rod To adjust the torsion of the fracture; the distal tension anti-traction device at the lower part of the main traction rod can prevent the tension relaxation of the Kirschner wires that pull the lower part of the calf or the ankle.

The utility model is an innovation of a traction reset device for calf and ankle fractures, overcomes the shortcomings of existing traction reset devices, has the advantages of simple structure and simple operation, can implement precise traction on calf and ankle fractures, and can During the process, the dislocation and torsion of the fracture site are corrected. The entire traction reduction frame is easy to move and carry, and can be used in harsh environments in war zones or disaster areas. It can especially improve the reduction quality of minimally invasive treatment of lower limb fractures, especially for complex lower limbs. The reduction of the fracture reduces the difficulty of the operation, reduces the trauma of the operation, shortens the recovery time of the patient, and has a significant medical effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of adjusting cross bar;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an adjusting sleeve;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the distal tension anti-traction device;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of another distal tension anti-traction device.

The markings in the figure are as follows: base 1, main traction rod 2, support rod 3, traction transverse shaft 4, traction bow 5, motor 6, programmable controller 7, rotating shaft 8, traction screw hole 9, lead screw 10, traction hole 11. Kirschner wire 12, level adjustment screw hole 13, adjustment cross bar 14, multi-directional adjustment screw hole 15, adjustment sleeve 16, locking bolt 17, rotation adjustment piece 18, rotation adjustment screw hole 19, bone circular needle 20, Distal tension anti-traction device 21, powerful spring 22, locking sleeve 23, locking screw 24, recessed hole 25, sawtooth 26.

detailed description

The utility model consists of a base 1, a main traction rod 2, a support rod 3, a traction transverse shaft 4 and a traction bow 5 to form the main body of the traction reset frame, and the lower part of the main traction rod 2 has a Kirschner wire 12 to fix the lower part of the lower leg or the ankle being towed. The traction bow 5 connected to the traction horizontal shaft 4 pulls the upper part of the tracted calf upwards, and the motor 6 connected with the traction bow 5 can precisely control the pulling distance under the control of the programmable controller 7 to realize accurate reset .

FIG. 1 shows that the base 1 is a rectangular frame structure composed of two longitudinal bars and two horizontal bars, and the upper surfaces of the front and rear parts of the longitudinal bars are sawtooth 26 .

Figure 1 shows that the main drawbar 2 is two inclined long rods, the lower ends of the two main drawbars 2 are connected with the front parts of the two longitudinal bars of the base 1, the lower ends of the main drawbar 2 are embedded in the sawtooth 26, the main drawbar 2 The lower end of the draw bar 2 is detachably connected with the sawtooth 26 of the longitudinal bar of the base 1 .

1 shows that the middle parts of the two main drawbars 2 are respectively connected to the upper parts of the two support rods 3 through the rotating shaft 8, and the lower ends of the two support rods 3 are connected with the rear serrations 26 of the two longitudinal rods of the base 1. Move the position of the main draw bar 2 or the lower end of the support bar 3 and the base 1 longitudinal rod sawtooth 26, and the inclination of the main draw bar 2 can be adjusted to adapt to the traction needs of different leg lengths.

Figure 1 shows that the traction cross shaft 4 is vertically connected between the upper parts of the two main draw rods 2, the traction cross shaft 4 has a traction screw hole 9, the top of the traction bow 5 is connected with the lower end of the lead screw 10, and the lead screw 10 is connected to the lower end of the lead screw 10. The traction screw hole 9 matches, and the leading screw 10 passes through the traction screw hole 9, and the upper end of the leading screw 10 is connected with the motor 6 through a shaft coupling, and the motor 6 is connected with the programmable controller 7.

Figure 1 shows that the lower part of the traction bow 5 is fixed to the upper bone of the tracted calf, and the lower parts of the two main traction rods 2 have relative traction holes 11, and the two ends of the Kirschner wires 12 are passed through the traction holes 11, and the Kirschner The middle of the needle 12 passes through the bone of the foot being pulled.

Fig. 1 shows that the bottoms of the two main drawbars 2 have horizontal horizontal adjustment screw holes 13, the horizontal adjustment screw holes 13 are perpendicular to the rod body length direction of the main drawbar 2, and the two horizontal adjustment screw holes 13 are on a straight line. The root circular needles 20 respectively pass through the horizontal adjustment screw holes 13 on both sides and are opposite to the lower part of the calf or the ankle. When the fracture is dislocated in the horizontal direction, the circular bone needle 20 can be screwed into the horizontal adjustment screw hole 13, and then pulled and pushed after being fixed on the bone, so that the dislocated bone can be restored to its original position.

Figures 1 and 2 show that an adjusting cross bar 14 is fixedly installed between the lower parts of the two main draw bars 2, the adjusting cross bar 14 is perpendicular to the main draw bar 2, and there are multiple multidirectional The adjusting screw holes 15, the multi-directional adjusting screw holes 15 are distributed above the fracture site and obliquely above the two sides. When the fracture occurs dislocation upwards and downwards or obliquely upward or downward on both sides, the circular bone needle 20 is screwed into the multi-directional adjustment screw hole 15, and the circular bone needle 20 is connected with the fracture site, and the circular bone needle 20 is used to pull or push Misplaces the bone and resets the bone.

Figures 1 and 3 show that there are adjusting sleeves 16 respectively on the two main drawbars 2, and the adjusting sleeves 16 can rotate around the main drawbars 2 on the one hand, and can slide up and down along the main drawbars 2 on the other hand. A locking screw hole is arranged on the adjusting sleeve 16, and the locking bolt 17 passes through the locking screw hole and is fastened with the main drawbar 2. The outer wall of the adjustment sleeve 16 has a protruding rotation adjustment piece 18, and the rotation adjustment screw hole 19 is arranged on the rotation adjustment piece 18, and the round bone needle 20 passes through the rotation adjustment screw hole 19 and is opposite to the lower leg or the ankle. When the fractured bone is twisted, the bone circular needle 20 is driven into the twisted bone through the rotation adjustment screw hole 19, and then the adjustment sleeve 16 is rotated, the bone circular needle 20 rotates with the adjustment sleeve 16, and the twisted bone is moved. The bone rotates to achieve the effect of rotation and reset. During operation, the round bone needle 20 can be used to rotate in opposite directions from both sides at the same time, which can achieve better results.

Fig. 2 shows that the circular bone needle 20 of the present invention adopts unequal diameter and double-pitch structure, the diameter of the upper part of the circular bone needle 20 is greater than the diameter of the lower part, the pitch of the screw thread at the large diameter part of the upper part is smaller than the pitch of the small diameter part of the lower part, and the large diameter of the upper part The thread of the diameter part matches the thread of the screw hole into which the circular bone needle 20 is screwed. The effect of adopting this structure is that when the front end of the bone needle 20 is screwed into the bone, the distance that the large-diameter part of the upper part of the bone needle 20 rotates a circle is smaller than the distance that the small-diameter part of the lower part advances, and the screw-in of the bone needle 20 can be accelerated. The speed of the bone.

Figures 1 and 4 show that there are distal tension anti-traction devices 21 above the traction holes 11 at the bottom of the two main drawbars 2, and the distal tension anti-traction devices 21 are composed of a strong spring 22, a locking sleeve 23, and a locking screw 24 compositions. The top of the traction hole 11 at the lower part of the two main drawbars 2 is cut into two bodies, and there are recessed holes 25 on the opposite end faces of the cut-off two bodies respectively, and the two ends of the strong spring 22 are respectively embedded in the recessed holes 25 on the opposite end faces of the two bodies middle. At the same time, the locking sleeve 23 is sleeved on the outer ends of the Kirschner wires 12 in the two traction holes 11, and the locking screw 24 passes through the screw hole on the locking sleeve 23 and is fastened and fixed to the Kirschner wire 12. During the traction operation, if the Kirschner wire 12 between the two main draw rods 2 has a tendency to bend, the strong spring 22 below the main draw rod 2 will produce an outward rebound force to prevent the Kirschner wire 12 from Curved to ensure the effect of traction.

Figure 5 shows that the distal tension anti-traction device 21 has another structure, the lower parts of the two main drawbars 2 are kept in one state, and the strong spring sleeve 22 is installed between the outer wall of the main drawbar 2 and the locking sleeve 23 , the strong spring 22 provides enough strong tension to the Kirschner wire 12 to prevent the Kirschner wire 12 from bending when pulled.

The pulling of the traction bow 5 in the utility model can be implemented by driving the lead screw 10 to rotate through the motor 6 and the programmable controller 7, and can also be realized by manually rotating the lead screw 10 directly by the operator.

The advantage of using the motor 6 and the programmable controller 7 is that the pulling distance can be accurately controlled, and the advantage of using manual operation is that the pulling operation can be carried out in the field or under rough conditions, and is particularly suitable for treating the wounded in a war zone or disaster area.

The motor 6 can adopt a stepper motor or a servo motor, and the stepper motor or the servo motor is connected with the programmable controller 7 through a stepper motor controller or a servo motor driver. Stepper motors or servo motors have the advantages of precise and controllable displacement. Stepper motors and servo motors are mature technologies and are widely used in automatic control and various instruments, so I won’t repeat them here.

When the utility model uses the motor 6 and the programmable controller 7 to carry out the pulling operation, it is necessary to calculate the pulling distance required for reset according to the results of preoperative X-ray irradiation or CT imaging, and input the value of the pulling distance into The programmable controller 7 controls the motor 6 to perform precise pulling.

Claims (7)

1. A traction reduction frame for calf and ankle fractures, characterized in that it includes a base (1), two main traction rods (2), two support rods (3), a traction transverse shaft (4), and a traction bow (5), motor (6), programmable controller (7), the base (1) is a rectangular frame structure composed of two longitudinal bars and two cross bars, and the main draw bar (2) is two inclined long Rods, the lower ends of the two main drawbars (2) are connected to the front parts of the two longitudinal bars of the base (1), and the middle parts of the two main drawbars (2) are respectively connected to the two support rods (3) through the rotating shaft (8) ), the lower ends of the two support rods (3) are connected with the rear parts of the two longitudinal rods of the base (1), and the traction transverse shaft (4) is vertically connected between the upper parts of the two main draw rods (2). There is a traction screw hole (9) on the traction horizontal shaft (4), the upper part of the traction bow (5) is connected with the lower end of the lead screw (10), and the lead screw (10) is matched with the traction screw hole (9). The lead screw (10) passes through the traction screw hole (9), the upper end of the lead screw (10) is connected with the motor (6) through a coupling, the motor (6) is connected with the programmable controller (7), and the traction The lower part of the bow (5) is fixed to the upper bone of the calf being pulled, the lower parts of the two main pulling rods (2) have opposite pulling holes (11), and the two ends of the Kirschner wires (12) are passed through the pulling holes (11 ), the middle part of the Kirschner wire (12) passes through the pulled foot bone. 2. The calf and ankle fracture traction reduction frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower parts of the two main traction rods (2) have horizontal horizontal adjustment screw holes (13), and the horizontal adjustment screw holes ( 13) Perpendicular to the length direction of the rod body of the main traction rod (2), the two horizontal adjustment screw holes (13) are in a straight line, and the two bone circular needles (20) respectively pass through the horizontal adjustment screw holes (13) on both sides Opposite the lower leg or ankle. 3. The calf and ankle fracture traction reduction frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: an adjustment cross bar (14) is fixedly installed between the lower parts of the two main traction rods (2), and the adjustment cross bar ( 14) Perpendicular to the main drawbar (2), there are multiple multi-directional adjustment screw holes (15) on the adjustment bar (14) along the length direction, and the multi-directional adjustment screw holes (15) are connected to the bottom of the adjustment bar (14) The lower part of the lower leg or the ankle is opposite, and the round bone needle (20) is worn in the multidirectional adjustment screw hole (15). 4. The calf and ankle fracture traction reduction frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: there are adjustment sleeves (16) on the two main traction rods (2), and the adjustment sleeves (16) are connected with the main traction rods (2). The drawbar (2) is a rotatable sliding fit. There is a locking screw hole on the adjusting sleeve (16). The locking bolt (17) passes through the locking screw hole and is fastened to the main drawbar (2). The adjusting sleeve (16) There is a protruding rotation adjustment piece (18) on the outer wall of the rotation adjustment piece (18). There is a rotation adjustment screw hole (19) on the rotation adjustment piece (18). relatively. 5. The calf and ankle fracture traction reduction frame according to claim 4, characterized in that there are distal tension anti-traction devices ( 21), the distal tension anti-traction device (21) is composed of a strong spring (22), a locking sleeve (23), and a locking screw (24). It is cut into two bodies, and there are recessed holes (25) on the opposite end faces of the two cut-off bodies respectively. (23) Set the outer ends of the Kirschner wires (12) in the two traction holes (11), the locking screw (24) passes through the screw hole on the locking sleeve (23) and the Kirschner wire (12) Top tight. 6. The calf and ankle fracture traction reduction frame according to claim 5, characterized in that: the upper surfaces of the front and rear of the longitudinal rod of the base (1) are sawtooth (26), and the main traction rod (2 ) and the lower end of the support rod (3) are respectively embedded in the sawtooth (26), the lower end of the main draw bar (2) and the lower end of the support rod (3) can be connected with the sawtooth (26) of the vertical rod of the base (1) Disconnect the connection. 7. The traction reduction frame for calf and ankle fractures according to claim 6, characterized in that: the diameter of the upper part of the circular bone needle (20) is larger than the diameter of the lower part, and the thread pitch of the large diameter part of the upper part is smaller than that of the small diameter part of the lower part The pitch of the screw thread, the screw thread of the upper large-diameter part matches the screw thread of the adjusting screw hole screwed into by the round bone needle (20).