CN206069513U - Continuum micromeehanics and the sewage-treating reactor of interval water outlet - Google Patents
Continuum micromeehanics and the sewage-treating reactor of interval water outlet Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
连续进水和间歇出水的污水处理反应器，包括用于容纳污泥的反应器本体，反应器本体的侧壁从下到上依次设有进水口、排泥口和出水口，反应器本体的顶部设有排气口，反应器本体内装有导流筒、搅拌器和曝气装置，反应器本体内腔通过上下贯通的导流筒分隔成两个反应区，导流筒内部的区域作为第一反应区，导流筒外部与反应器本体内壁之间环形区域作为第二反应区，导流筒的底部与反应器本体的内底板之间留有间隙，第一反应区底部设置喷布器；出水口配有用于控制出水口间歇出水的自动控制阀。本实用新型的有益效果是：反应在单级反应器中进行，生化反应速率高，反应时间少，运行成本低；反应器的处理设备少，构造简单，便于操作和维护，实现可持续发展。
The sewage treatment reactor with continuous water inlet and intermittent water outlet includes a reactor body for containing sludge. The side wall of the reactor body is provided with water inlet, sludge outlet and water outlet in sequence from bottom to top. The reactor body There is an exhaust port on the top, and the reactor body is equipped with a guide tube, agitator and aeration device. The inner cavity of the reactor body is divided into two reaction areas by the guide tube that runs through up and down. The area inside the guide tube is used as the first One reaction zone, the annular area between the outside of the draft tube and the inner wall of the reactor body is used as the second reaction zone, there is a gap between the bottom of the draft tube and the inner bottom plate of the reactor body, and a sprayer is installed at the bottom of the first reaction zone ; The water outlet is equipped with an automatic control valve for controlling the intermittent water outlet. The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the reaction is carried out in a single-stage reactor, the biochemical reaction rate is high, the reaction time is short, and the operation cost is low; the reactor has less processing equipment, simple structure, convenient operation and maintenance, and realizes sustainable development.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种连续进水和间歇出水的污水处理反应器。The utility model relates to a sewage treatment reactor with continuous water inflow and intermittent water outflow.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，由于工业化的加速和居民生活水平的提高，含营养物的废水排放问题普遍存在，尤其是生活、农业和一些由食品和化工业产生的工业废水，造成水体富营养化。处于富营养化状态的水体会出现许多藻类(蓝藻)的过度繁殖，导致饮用水水质恶化。同时，许多藻类会分泌、释放有毒有害的藻毒素，不仅危害水生动物，也会严重影响人类的健康。因此，在能源日益紧张的今天，需要严格执行环境条例控制水体中营养物的浓度，同时大力倡导节能减排意识。故为了实现经济和社会的可持续发展，有必要改进现有的废水处理设备。In recent years, due to the acceleration of industrialization and the improvement of residents' living standards, the discharge of nutrient-containing wastewater is common, especially in domestic, agricultural and some industrial wastewater produced by food and chemical industries, resulting in eutrophication of water bodies. In eutrophic water, there will be excessive reproduction of many algae (cyanobacteria), leading to deterioration of drinking water quality. At the same time, many algae will secrete and release toxic and harmful algal toxins, which not only endanger aquatic animals, but also seriously affect human health. Therefore, in today's increasingly tense energy environment, it is necessary to strictly enforce environmental regulations to control the concentration of nutrients in water bodies, and at the same time vigorously advocate the awareness of energy conservation and emission reduction. Therefore, in order to achieve sustainable economic and social development, it is necessary to improve the existing wastewater treatment equipment.
目前污水处理厂去除碳、氮和磷等污染物，采用最普遍的工艺是A2/O(厌氧-缺氧-好氧)工艺，该工艺占地面积大、基建费用高、处理流程较复杂。若将厌氧区、缺氧区、好氧区，通过改变运行条件和操作方式，集成在单级生物反应器中进行，不仅可以减小占地面积、降低基建费用、简化处理流程和降低操作费用，同时实现营养物的去除。因此，本实用新型提出一种连续进水和间歇出水的污水处理反应器，可以同时有效地去除碳、氮和磷等污染物。开发该类单级生物反应器具有重要的现实意义。At present, the most common process used in sewage treatment plants to remove pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus is the A 2 /O (anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic) process. complex. If the anaerobic zone, anoxic zone, and aerobic zone are integrated in a single-stage bioreactor by changing the operating conditions and operation methods, it can not only reduce the floor space, reduce infrastructure costs, simplify the treatment process, and reduce the operating cost. costs while achieving nutrient removal. Therefore, the utility model proposes a sewage treatment reactor with continuous water inflow and intermittent water outflow, which can effectively remove pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus at the same time. It is of great practical significance to develop this kind of single-stage bioreactor.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服现有工艺占地面积大、基建费用高、能耗较大的问题， 本实用新型提供了一种占地面积小，基建费用低、能耗低的连续进水和间歇出水的污水处理反应器。In order to overcome the problems of large floor area, high capital construction cost and high energy consumption of the existing process, the utility model provides a continuous water inflow and intermittent water outflow sewage treatment with small floor space, low capital construction cost and low energy consumption reactor.
本实用新型所述的连续进水和间歇出水的污水处理反应器，包括用于容纳污泥的反应器本体，所述的反应器本体的侧壁从下到上依次设有进水口、排泥口和出水口，反应器本体的顶部设有排气口，其特征在于：所述的反应器本体内装有导流筒、搅拌器和曝气装置，所述的反应器本体内腔通过上下贯通的导流筒分隔成两个反应区，其中导流筒内部的区域作为第一反应区，导流筒外部与反应器本体内壁之间环形区域作为第二反应区，所述的导流筒的底部与所述的反应器本体的内底板之间留有间隙，所述的第一反应区底部设置喷布器；所述的出水口配有用于控制出水口间歇出水的自动控制阀；所述的曝气装置的曝气头设置在导流筒的第一反应区的底部，所述的曝气装置的进气口与外界鼓风机出风口连通。The sewage treatment reactor with continuous water inlet and intermittent water outlet according to the utility model includes a reactor body for containing sludge, and the side wall of the reactor body is provided with water inlet and sludge discharge in sequence from bottom to top. mouth and water outlet, the top of the reactor body is provided with an exhaust port, which is characterized in that: the reactor body is equipped with a guide tube, agitator and aeration device, and the inner cavity of the reactor body is connected up and down The guide tube is divided into two reaction zones, wherein the area inside the guide tube is used as the first reaction zone, and the annular area between the outside of the guide tube and the inner wall of the reactor body is used as the second reaction zone. There is a gap between the bottom and the inner bottom plate of the reactor body, and a sprayer is arranged at the bottom of the first reaction zone; the water outlet is equipped with an automatic control valve for controlling the intermittent water outlet; the The aeration head of the aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the first reaction zone of the draft tube, and the air inlet of the aeration device communicates with the air outlet of the external blower.
进一步，所述的曝气装置包括曝气管、中空曝气引导管和曝气头，所述的曝气管的顶部进气口与外界鼓风机出风口连通，曝气管从上到下伸入导流筒第一反应区底部；所述的中空曝气引导管通过紧固件固定在所述的反应器本体的内部，所述的中空曝气引导管的底部进气端与设置在曝气管底部出气口处的曝气头出气端连通，所述的中空曝气引导管的上部出气端与所述的排气口连通。Further, the aeration device includes an aeration pipe, a hollow aeration guide pipe and an aeration head, the air inlet at the top of the aeration pipe communicates with the air outlet of the external blower, and the aeration pipe extends from top to bottom The bottom of the first reaction zone of the draft tube; the hollow aeration guide pipe is fixed inside the reactor body through fasteners, and the bottom air inlet end of the hollow aeration guide pipe is connected to the aeration The air outlet end of the aeration head at the air outlet at the bottom of the pipe is connected, and the upper air outlet end of the hollow aeration guide pipe is connected with the air outlet.
进一步，所述的反应器本体与所述的导流筒均为圆筒形结构，并且所述的导流筒与所述的反应器本体同轴设置。Further, both the reactor body and the draft tube are cylindrical in structure, and the draft tube and the reactor body are arranged coaxially.
进一步，所述的导流筒的体积占所述的反应器主体的35％～45％。Further, the volume of the guide tube accounts for 35%-45% of the reactor main body.
进一步，所述的出水口的位置位于反应器本体的1/2高度处。Further, the position of the water outlet is located at 1/2 of the height of the reactor body.
进一步，所述的反应器本体内壁对称设有两个搅拌器，所述的搅拌器位于出水口与排泥口之间的区域。Further, the inner wall of the reactor body is symmetrically provided with two agitators, and the agitators are located in the area between the water outlet and the sludge outlet.
工作过程：本实用新型所述的一种连续进水和间歇出水的污水处理反应器，它可由有机玻璃或者钢板制作而成。在反应器本体内投加活性污泥。本实用新型运行方式分为3个阶段，分别如下：第一阶段为厌氧反应阶段，含碳、氮和磷等污染物的废水由进水口进入反应器主体，开启喷布器，关闭自动控制阀。第一反应区内的兼性厌氧发酵菌将废水中的可生物降解的有机物转化为挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)等小分子发酵产物，聚磷菌会吸收这些发酵产物且可以去除部分碳。当进水达到第一反应区的最大液面高度时，停留足够时间后，再继续进水，进入反应的第二阶段，即缺氧阶段。在阶段一运行条件的基础上，还需同时开启两个搅拌器，用于充分混合活性污泥。此时第一反应区和第二反应区都为缺氧区。反硝化细菌利用阶段一残留的可生物降解的有机物进行反硝化作用。当反应液面快接近反应器主体内部高度时，同样需要停留足够时间用于反应，达到同时去除碳和脱氮的目的。含有较低浓度的碳氮和较高浓度的磷进入第三反应阶段。在阶段二运行条件的基础上，启动鼓风机，将空气通入反应器主体，进入好氧阶段，此时不再进水。硝化菌在好氧环境下完成硝化反应。反应足够时间后，关闭搅拌器和喷布器，出水作为上清液沉淀之后，打开自动控制阀将水排出。因此，本实用新型在单级反应器中通过改变运行条件和操作方式，依次进行厌氧阶段、缺氧阶段和好氧阶段。不仅有效地去除含有碳、氮和磷等污染物的废水，而且具有占地面积小、基建成本低和 操作灵活简单等优势。Working process: a sewage treatment reactor with continuous water inflow and intermittent water outflow described in the utility model, which can be made of plexiglass or steel plate. Activated sludge is added to the reactor body. The operation mode of the utility model is divided into three stages, which are as follows: the first stage is the anaerobic reaction stage, the waste water containing pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus enters the main body of the reactor through the water inlet, the sprayer is turned on, and the automatic control is turned off valve. The facultative anaerobic fermentation bacteria in the first reaction zone convert the biodegradable organic matter in the wastewater into small molecule fermentation products such as volatile fatty acids (VFA), and the phosphorus accumulating bacteria absorb these fermentation products and can remove part of the carbon. When the influent water reaches the maximum liquid level in the first reaction zone, after staying for a sufficient time, the water will continue to inflow and enter the second stage of the reaction, that is, the anoxic stage. On the basis of the operating conditions of stage one, two agitators need to be turned on at the same time to fully mix the activated sludge. At this time, both the first reaction zone and the second reaction zone are anoxic zones. The denitrifying bacteria use the residual biodegradable organic matter in stage 1 for denitrification. When the reaction liquid level is close to the internal height of the reactor main body, it is also necessary to stay for a sufficient time for the reaction to achieve the purpose of simultaneously removing carbon and denitrogenation. Containing a lower concentration of carbon nitrogen and a higher concentration of phosphorus enters the third reaction stage. On the basis of the operating conditions of the second stage, the blower is started, and the air is passed into the main body of the reactor to enter the aerobic stage, and no water is allowed to enter at this time. Nitrifying bacteria complete the nitrification reaction in an aerobic environment. After reacting for a sufficient time, close the agitator and the sprayer, and after the effluent is precipitated as the supernatant, open the automatic control valve to discharge the water. Therefore, the utility model carries out anaerobic stage, anoxic stage and aerobic stage sequentially by changing operating conditions and operating modes in the single-stage reactor. It not only effectively removes wastewater containing pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, but also has the advantages of small footprint, low infrastructure cost and flexible and simple operation.
本实用新型的有益效果是：(1)反应在单级反应器中进行，提高了整个生化反应的速率进而减少了反应时间，降低了运行成本。(2)反应器的处理设备少，构造简单，便于操作和维护管理，实现可持续发展。The beneficial effects of the utility model are: (1) The reaction is carried out in a single-stage reactor, which increases the rate of the entire biochemical reaction, reduces the reaction time, and reduces the operating cost. (2) The reactor has less processing equipment, simple structure, convenient operation and maintenance management, and realizes sustainable development.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图2为本发明的整体运行结构的示意图(厌氧初始阶段，A代表厌氧区)。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall operating structure of the present invention (anaerobic initial stage, A represents the anaerobic zone).
图3为本发明的整体运行结构的示意图(厌氧后期阶段，A代表厌氧区)。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall operating structure of the present invention (anaerobic late stage, A represents the anaerobic zone).
图4为本发明的整体运行结构的示意图(缺氧阶段，B代表缺氧区，箭头代表液体流动方向)。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall operating structure of the present invention (the anoxic stage, B represents the anoxic zone, and the arrow represents the direction of liquid flow).
图5为本发明的整体运行结构的示意图(好氧阶段，C代表好氧区)。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall operating structure of the present invention (aerobic stage, C represents the aerobic zone).
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图进一步说明本实用新型Further illustrate the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
参照附图：Referring to the attached picture:
实施例1本实用新型所述的连续进水和间歇出水的污水处理反应器，包括用于容纳污泥的反应器本体1，所述的反应器本体1的侧壁从下到上依次设有进水口1、排泥口3和出水口，反应器本体1的顶部设有排气口8，所述的反应器本体1内装有导流筒11、搅拌器4和曝气装置，所述的反应器本体1内腔通过上下贯通的导流筒11分隔成两个反应区，其中导流筒内部的区域作为第一反应区6，导流筒外部与反应器本体内壁之间环形区域作为第二反应区5，所述的导流筒11的底部与所述的反应器本体1的内底板之间留有间隙，所述的第一反应区6底部设置喷布器14；所述的出水口配有用于控制出水口间歇出水的自动控制阀12；所述的曝气装置的曝气头设置在导流筒11的第一反应区6的底部，所述的曝气装置的进气口与外界鼓风机7出风口连通。Embodiment 1 The sewage treatment reactor with continuous water inflow and intermittent water outflow described in the utility model includes a reactor body 1 for containing sludge, and the side walls of the reactor body 1 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top Water inlet 1, mud discharge port 3 and water outlet, the top of reactor body 1 is provided with exhaust port 8, and described reactor body 1 is equipped with guide tube 11, agitator 4 and aeration device, and described The inner cavity of the reactor body 1 is divided into two reaction zones by the up and down guiding tube 11, wherein the area inside the guiding tube is used as the first reaction zone 6, and the annular area between the outside of the guiding tube and the inner wall of the reactor body is used as the second reaction zone. In the second reaction zone 5, there is a gap between the bottom of the draft guide tube 11 and the inner bottom plate of the reactor body 1, and the bottom of the first reaction zone 6 is provided with a distributor 14; The water outlet is equipped with an automatic control valve 12 for controlling the intermittent water outlet; the aeration head of the aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the first reaction zone 6 of the draft tube 11, and the air inlet of the aeration device It communicates with the air outlet of the external air blower 7 .
进一步，所述的曝气装置包括曝气管9、中空曝气引导管10和曝气头13，所述的曝气管9的顶部进气口与外界鼓风机7出风口连通，曝气管9从上到下伸入导流筒11第一反应区6底部；所述的中空曝气引导管10通过紧固件固定在所述的反应器本体1的内部，所述的中空曝气引导管10的底部进气端与设置在曝气管9底部出气口处的曝气头13出气端连通，所述的中空曝气引导管10的上部出气端与所述的排气口8连通。Further, the aeration device includes an aeration pipe 9, a hollow aeration guide pipe 10 and an aeration head 13, the air inlet at the top of the aeration pipe 9 communicates with the air outlet of the external blower 7, and the aeration pipe 9 Extending into the bottom of the first reaction zone 6 of the draft tube 11 from top to bottom; the hollow aeration guide tube 10 is fixed inside the reactor body 1 by fasteners, and the hollow aeration guide tube The bottom air inlet end of 10 communicates with the air outlet end of the aeration head 13 arranged at the air outlet at the bottom of the aeration tube 9 , and the upper air outlet end of the hollow aeration guide pipe 10 communicates with the air outlet 8 .
进一步，所述的反应器本体1与所述的导流筒11均为圆筒形结构，并且所述的导流筒11与所述的反应器本体1同轴设置。Further, the reactor body 1 and the draft tube 11 are both cylindrical structures, and the draft tube 11 and the reactor body 1 are arranged coaxially.
进一步，所述的导流筒11的体积占所述的反应器本体1的35％～45％。Further, the volume of the draft guide tube 11 accounts for 35%-45% of the reactor body 1 .
进一步，所述的出水口的位置位于反应器本体1的1/2高度处。Further, the position of the water outlet is located at 1/2 of the height of the reactor body 1 .
进一步，所述的反应器本体1内壁对称设有两个搅拌器4，所述的搅拌器4位于出水口与排泥口之间的区域。Further, the inner wall of the reactor body 1 is symmetrically provided with two agitators 4, and the agitators 4 are located in the area between the water outlet and the sludge discharge outlet.
本实用新型所述的一种连续进水和间歇出水的污水处理反应器， 它可由有机玻璃或者钢板制作而成。在反应器本体1内投加活性污泥。本实用新型运行方式分为3个阶段，分别如下：第一阶段为厌氧反应阶段，含碳、氮和磷等污染物的废水由进水口进入反应器主体，开启喷布器，关闭自动控制阀。第一反应区内的兼性厌氧发酵菌将废水中的可生物降解的有机物转化为挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)等小分子发酵产物，聚磷菌会吸收这些发酵产物且可以去除部分碳。当进水达到第一反应区的最大液面高度时(如2、3)，停留足够时间后，再继续进水，进入反应的第二阶段，即缺氧阶段。在阶段一运行条件的基础上，还需同时开启两个搅拌器，用于充分混合活性污泥。此时第一反应区和第二反应区都为缺氧区(如图4)。反硝化细菌利用阶段一残留的可生物降解的有机物进行反硝化作用。当反应液面快接近反应器主体内部高度时，同样需要停留足够时间用于反应，达到同时去除碳和脱氮的目的。含有较低浓度的碳氮和较高浓度的磷进入第三反应阶段。在阶段二运行条件的基础上，启动鼓风机，将空气通入反应器主体，进入好氧阶段(如图5)，此时不再进水。硝化菌在好氧环境下完成硝化反应。反应足够时间后，关闭搅拌器和喷布器，出水作为上清液沉淀之后，打开自动控制阀将水排出。因此，本实用新型在单级反应器中通过改变运行条件和操作方式，依次进行厌氧阶段(如图2、3)、缺氧阶段(如图4)和好氧阶段(如图5)。不仅有效地去除含有碳、氮和磷等污染物的废水，而且具有占地面积小、基建成本低和操作灵活简单等优势。A sewage treatment reactor with continuous water inflow and intermittent water outflow described in the utility model can be made of plexiglass or steel plate. Activated sludge is added to the reactor body 1 . The operation mode of the utility model is divided into three stages, which are as follows: the first stage is the anaerobic reaction stage, the waste water containing pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus enters the main body of the reactor through the water inlet, the sprayer is turned on, and the automatic control is turned off valve. The facultative anaerobic fermentation bacteria in the first reaction zone convert the biodegradable organic matter in the wastewater into small molecule fermentation products such as volatile fatty acids (VFA), and the phosphorus accumulating bacteria absorb these fermentation products and can remove part of the carbon. When the water inflow reaches the maximum liquid level in the first reaction zone (such as 2, 3), after staying for a sufficient time, continue to enter the water and enter the second stage of the reaction, that is, the anoxic stage. On the basis of the operating conditions of stage one, two agitators need to be turned on at the same time to fully mix the activated sludge. At this moment, both the first reaction zone and the second reaction zone are anoxic zones (as shown in FIG. 4 ). The denitrifying bacteria use the residual biodegradable organic matter in stage 1 for denitrification. When the reaction liquid level is close to the internal height of the reactor main body, it is also necessary to stay for a sufficient time for the reaction to achieve the purpose of simultaneously removing carbon and denitrogenation. Containing a lower concentration of carbon nitrogen and a higher concentration of phosphorus enters the third reaction stage. On the basis of the operating conditions of the second stage, start the blower, pass air into the main body of the reactor, and enter the aerobic stage (as shown in Figure 5), and no more water will enter at this time. Nitrifying bacteria complete the nitrification reaction in an aerobic environment. After reacting for a sufficient time, close the agitator and the sprayer, and after the effluent is precipitated as the supernatant, open the automatic control valve to discharge the water. Therefore, the utility model carries out the anaerobic stage (as shown in Fig. 2 and 3), the anoxic stage (as shown in Fig. 4) and the aerobic stage (as shown in Fig. 5) successively by changing the operating conditions and the mode of operation in the single-stage reactor. It not only effectively removes wastewater containing pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, but also has the advantages of small footprint, low infrastructure cost, and flexible and simple operation.
本说明书实施例所述的内容仅仅是对实用新型构思的实现形式的列举，本实用新型的保护范围不应当被视为仅限于实施例所陈述的具体形式，本实用新型的保护范围也包括本领域技术人员根据本实用新型构思所能够想到的等同技术手段。The content described in the embodiments of this specification is only an enumeration of the realization forms of the utility model concept. The protection scope of the utility model should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments. The protection scope of the utility model also includes Equivalent technical means that those skilled in the art can think of according to the concept of the utility model.
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