CN206057461U - A kind of lightning monitoring and deterioration state monitoring system of lightning protection box - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a lightning monitoring and deterioration state monitoring system of a lightning protection box. The lightning protection box has a plurality of lightning protection modules, each lightning protection module includes at least one TMOV, and the system includes a TMOV on-off state monitoring circuit, a TMOV deterioration state Monitoring circuit, MCU main control unit and lightning monitoring circuit, the on-off state monitoring circuit includes a plurality of on-off monitoring units corresponding to a plurality of lightning protection modules, which are connected in series or in parallel to the MCU main control unit to feed back the on-off state It is processed by the MCU main control unit. The deterioration state monitoring circuit includes a temperature monitoring circuit. The temperature monitoring circuit includes a plurality of temperature impedance inductive devices corresponding to a plurality of lightning protection modules, which change based on the temperature change of the TMOV and feed back the change state signal To the MCU main control unit to monitor the temperature dynamics of the lightning protection module and the leakage current of the lightning protection box. The system can realize active alarm and maintenance, and is an intelligent SPD technology that reduces maintenance costs.

Description

A lightning monitoring and degradation state monitoring system for a lightning protection box

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of lightning protection, in particular to a lightning monitoring and deterioration state monitoring system of a lightning protection box.

Background technique

In the traditional lightning protection technology, the traditional lightning protection device, lightning protection module, lightning protection box failure state display or indication method is mostly local or local display, and it is impossible to evaluate the operation status, service life and deterioration state of the lightning protection equipment and early warning, greatly increasing the accident rate and maintenance difficulty; due to the quality disadvantages and technical defects of domestic lightning protection devices in research and development, production, testing, installation and other processes compared with foreign lightning protection devices, traditional lightning protection devices are used in power supply become a potential failure in the system.

At present, after the installation of the lightning arrester is completed, it is ignored, and the working status and protection level of the lightning arrester cannot be warned. It is not found that the lightning arrester is damaged until the lightning arrester is damaged or causes a system failure. Data cannot be collected, and cannot provide a basis for the system's lightning strike risk assessment and lightning protection level. Since there is no online monitoring function for the status of the lightning arrester, it is impossible to predict accidents and evaluate the working status of the lightning arrester, and it is impossible to guarantee the safe operation of the equipment.

GB / T 2143 1 - 2008 "Technical Specifications for Testing Lightning Protection Devices of Buildings" was implemented on October 1, 2008, requiring lightning protection testing workers to do a good job in SPD (surge protection device) safety performance testing and evaluation effectively . For unattended important places, it is advisable to implement online SPD real-time dynamic monitoring and management.

GB50343-2011 "Technical Specifications for Testing Lightning Protection Devices of Buildings" makes the following regulations on the test of power supply SPD: §5.8.3.1 stipulates: During the operation of SPD, it will be aging due to long-term work or being in a harsh environment, and it may also be Faults such as performance degradation and failure caused by lightning surges. Therefore, regular inspections are required. If the test results show that the SPD is degraded, or the status indication indicates that the SPD is invalid, it should be replaced in time. §5.8.3.2 stipulates: Leakage current Ile test: Except for the voltage switch type, SPDs will have microampere-level currents after they are connected to the grid in parallel. If this value is too large, it means that the SPD performance is degraded and should be replaced in time.

Chapter 9.3.3 of GB 50689-2011 "Code for Lightning Protection and Grounding Engineering Design of Communication Stations" clearly states that the SPD for power supply and the power box SPD lightning protection box of communication bureau (station) should have SPD deterioration indication, SPD damage alarm requirements.

The on-off alarm and deterioration alarm of SPD are the only way to intelligentize SPD in the future, which can ensure that SPD faults can be found in time and proactively in actual operation, so as to realize active maintenance of lightning protection system, reduce system faults, and reduce later operation and maintenance costs. Important technology means.

Utility model content

In view of this, it is necessary to provide a lightning monitoring and degradation state monitoring system for lightning protection boxes, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art due to the inability to actively and timely evaluate and warn the lightning protection equipment in operation, life, and degradation. The current situation reduces the system failure rate and maintenance difficulty, and also reduces the operation and maintenance cost of the lightning protection system. It is an economical SPD intelligent technology that realizes active alarm and maintenance and reduces maintenance costs.

A lightning monitoring and degradation state monitoring system for a lightning protection box, the lightning protection box has a plurality of lightning protection modules, each lightning protection module includes at least one TMOV, the system includes a TMOV on-off state monitoring circuit, a TMOV degradation state A monitoring circuit, an MCU main control unit, and a lightning monitoring circuit for monitoring lightning current, the TMOV on-off state monitoring circuit includes a plurality of on-off monitoring units corresponding to a plurality of lightning protection modules, and a plurality of on-off monitoring units are connected in series Or be connected in parallel to the MCU main control unit so that the on-off state is fed back to the MCU main control unit for processing. The TMOV degradation state monitoring circuit includes a temperature monitoring circuit, and the temperature monitoring circuit includes multiple lightning protection modules. A temperature impedance inductive device, the impedance of the temperature impedance inductive device changes based on the temperature change of the TMOV and the change status signal is fed back to the MCU main control unit to monitor the temperature dynamics of the lightning protection module and the leakage current of the lightning protection box.

Preferably, each on-off monitoring unit includes a fuse set corresponding to the lightning protection module, the fuses in each lightning protection module are connected in series and parallel to the common contact, and the common contacts of each lightning protection module are connected in series or in parallel to form a dry contact, It is then connected to the MCU main control unit, which is used to detect the on-off of the lightning protection module through the MCU.

Preferably, each lightning protection module also includes a first thermal fuse connected in series with the TMOV and an indicating circuit, the indicating circuit is connected in parallel with the TMOV and then connected in series with the first thermal fuse for disconnecting or closing the corresponding lightning protection module indicates the corresponding fault status. The temperature monitoring circuit includes a plurality of temperature resistance inductive devices arranged corresponding to a plurality of TMOV circuit units.

Preferably, the on-off monitoring unit sends a switch signal to the MCU main control unit, and the MCU main control unit is connected with a sound alarm, a remote signal relay, and an LCD display module, and the MCU main control unit connects the lightning protection modules The on-off status signal sends an alarm through the sound alarm, is controlled by the remote signaling relay, displays the on-off signal through the LCD display module, and sends the fault code to the background through the RS-485 communication port, so that the background can handle it accordingly.

Preferably, the temperature monitoring signal of the temperature impedance inductive device is a dynamic impedance change signal, and each electrical unit in each lightning protection module is installed on a PCB board, and a temperature sensor is arranged on the PCB board, and the MCU The main control unit processes and calculates the dynamic impedance change signal of the temperature impedance sensor of each lightning protection module and the temperature sensor of the PCB board, and compares it with the preset alarm temperature value to judge the temperature alarm level of each lightning protection module.

Preferably, the preset alarm temperature value includes two levels of important alarm temperature value and emergency alarm temperature value, and the MCU main control unit has a time calculation unit for detecting the set important alarm temperature value by the MCU main control unit The MCU main control unit is used to detect that the impedance of the temperature impedance sensor continues to change multiple times within the set time, and sends an important alarm signal to the sound alarm and the LCD display module, and the sound alarm sends out an important warning signal. Alarm alarms and display important alarm signals through the LCD display module, and eliminate important alarm signals when the MCU main control unit detects the impedance recovery of the temperature impedance inductive device, and when the MCU main control unit detects the temperature monitoring signal of the temperature impedance inductive device When the temperature rises to the emergency alarm temperature value, an emergency alarm signal will be issued, the emergency alarm alarm will be issued through the sound alarm and the emergency alarm signal will be displayed through the LCD display module, and the fault code will be sent to the background through the RS-485 communication port, so that the background can handle it accordingly.

Preferably, the MCU main control unit has a leakage current monitoring unit, which is used to perform analysis and calculation according to the relationship between the impedance value of the temperature impedance inductive device, the calculated leakage current value of the lightning protection module, and the temperature value of the lightning protection module, And the leakage current is displayed through the LCD display module and output through the RS-485 communication port.

Preferably, the lightning monitoring circuit includes a lightning current sensor and a lightning current sampling circuit connected to the neutral wire N of the power supply or the protective ground wire PE, and the lightning current sensor and the lightning current sampling circuit are serially connected to the MCU main control unit in order to monitor The lightning current information collected, the lightning current sampling circuit has an integrating circuit for collecting lightning current signals on the neutral wire N or the protective ground wire PE, and converting the current signals collected by the lightning current sensor into voltage signals for the MCU main control The unit performs processing and calculation, and displays through the LCD display module. The lightning current sensor includes a coil wound on the lightning protection box and a rectifier diode connected in series with the lead wires at both ends of the coil.

Preferably, the system further includes a power board, and the power board is provided with an AC/DC rectification device connected to the power line, and provides the required voltage for the MCU main control unit through AC/DC rectification.

Preferably, each lightning protection module has a PCB board, and the TMOV circuit unit, the on-off state monitoring circuit, the TMOV degradation state monitoring circuit and the lightning monitoring circuit are respectively integrated on the PCB board, and the PCB board is also provided with a temperature The sensor, the PCB board is connected and connected at both ends of each lightning protection module through large-flow plug-in terminals.

The lightning monitoring and deterioration state monitoring system of the above-mentioned lightning protection box continuously monitors the on-off state signal of each lightning protection module and the impedance change of the temperature impedance sensor through the MCU main control unit, and obtains the temperature change signal of TMOV (thermal protection varistor) and leakage current, analyze and calculate, obtain the operating status information of the lightning protection module, and perform corresponding background processing and operations. At the same time, the lightning current signal is collected through the lightning monitoring circuit to monitor the lightning current on the power line. Master the actual situation of local thunderstorms, and conduct long-term observation, recording and analysis. Moreover, based on the MCU main control unit, the above status signals can be monitored remotely, and the corresponding signal feedback processing can be arranged as a whole, so as to realize the online monitoring of the lightning monitoring system. Maintenance records. Through the continuous observation, uploading and analysis of one or several thunderstorm seasons, the actual situation of thunderstorms in substations can be objectively evaluated, providing a basis for the lightning risk assessment of the protected system and the lightning protection level of the equipment. At the same time, it can also be used to test whether the existing lightning protection system has played its due role in lightning strikes, and furthermore, it can be used as the basis for the identification of responsibility for lightning strike accidents. The background system can be connected to the background system through the MCU main control unit and the line, and the lightning strike data of each lightning protection box is monitored in the background monitoring center, and the active maintenance reduces the risk of equipment damage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a lightning monitoring and degradation state monitoring system of a lightning protection box provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the B-level A-phase lightning protection module;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the C-level A-phase lightning protection module.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model.

Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, which show a lightning monitoring and degradation state monitoring system 100 of a lightning protection box according to an embodiment of the present invention and the internal circuit structure of the lightning protection module. The system 100 is applicable to various lightning protection boxes , preferably a TSPD lightning protection box 101. As shown in FIG. ) lightning protection module, wherein the front-stage lightning protection module includes a front-stage A-phase lightning protection module 11a, a front-stage B-phase lightning protection module 11b, and a front-stage C-phase lightning protection module 11c, and the rear-stage lightning protection module includes a rear-stage A-phase The lightning protection module 21a, the subsequent B-phase lightning protection module 21b, and the subsequent C-phase lightning protection module 21c, each of the lightning protection modules 10 and 20 includes at least one TMOV 12 .

As shown in Figure 1, the system 100 includes a TMOV on-off state monitoring circuit 30, a TMOV deterioration state monitoring circuit 40, an MCU main control unit 50, and a lightning monitoring circuit for monitoring lightning current, and the TMOV on-off state monitoring circuit It includes a plurality of on-off monitoring units corresponding to a plurality of lightning protection modules, and a plurality of on-off monitoring units are connected in series or in parallel to the MCU main control unit 50 to feed back the on-off status to the MCU main control unit 50 for processing. The TMOV degradation state monitoring circuit 40 includes a temperature monitoring circuit, the temperature monitoring circuit includes a plurality of temperature impedance inductive devices corresponding to a plurality of lightning protection modules, the impedance of the temperature impedance inductive devices changes based on the TMOV temperature change and will change The status signal is fed back to the MCU main control unit 50 to monitor the temperature dynamics of the lightning protection module and the leakage current of the lightning protection box.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the structures of the first-stage A-phase lightning protection module 11 a and the subsequent-stage A-phase lightning protection module 21 a are taken as examples. The two ends of the lightning protection module 11a are respectively connected to the large-flow plug-in terminals J1 and J2. The front-stage lightning protection module 11a includes a TMOV circuit unit 12 and an indicating circuit. Each TMOV circuit unit 12 includes a TMOV 12a, a first TMOV connected in series. The thermal fuse 13a and an indicating circuit, the indicating circuit is connected in parallel with the TMOV 12a and then connected in series to the first thermal fuse 13a, the indicating circuit 15 includes an indicator light 153, a resistor 152, and a diode 151 which are electrically connected in sequence, for use in the corresponding lightning protection module Indicates the corresponding fault state when open or closed. The structure of the subsequent stage A-phase lightning protection module 21 a is basically similar, except that it includes a TMOV circuit unit 22 and an indicating circuit 15 , as well as a thermal fuse 23 .

The on-off monitoring circuit, that is, the on-off monitoring circuit unit sends a switching signal to the MCU main control unit 50, and the MCU main control unit 50 is connected with a sound alarm (such as a buzzer) 51, a remote signaling relay, and an LCD display. Module 52, through the MCU main control unit 50, the on-off state signal of each lightning protection module is sent an alarm through the sound alarm 51, controlled by the remote signaling relay, and the on-off signal is displayed through the LCD display module 52, and the on-off signal is displayed through the RS-485 communication port. 53 Send the fault code to the background, so that the background can handle it accordingly.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, each on-off monitoring unit includes a fuse 31 corresponding to the lightning protection module. The structure of 21a is taken as an example, a fuse 31 is provided near each TMOV circuit unit 12, and the fuses 31 in each lightning protection module are connected in series and parallel to the common contact (c, d node), and the common contact of each lightning protection module They are connected in series or in parallel to form a dry contact, and then connected to the MCU main control unit 50 for detecting the on-off of the lightning protection module 11a or 21a through the MCU main control unit 50 . The subsequent A-phase lightning protection module 21 a also has a fuse 31 .

As shown in FIGS. 1 , 2 and 3 , the temperature monitoring circuit includes a plurality of temperature impedance inductive devices 41 arranged corresponding to a plurality of TMOV circuit units 12 (or corresponding to each lightning protection module). The impedance of the temperature impedance sensing device 41 changes with temperature, and is monitored by the MCU main control unit 50 . The temperature impedance inductive device 41 in each lightning protection module is connected in series and parallel to the common contacts (a, b nodes), and the common contacts of each lightning protection module are connected in series or in parallel to form a dry contact, and then connected to the MCU main control unit 50. The MCU main control unit 50 detects the temperature, impedance change and leakage current of the lightning protection module 11a or 21a.

Specifically, the temperature monitoring signal of the temperature impedance inductive device 41 is a dynamic impedance change signal, each lightning protection module has a PCB board, the TMOV circuit unit, on-off state monitoring circuit, TMOV degradation state monitoring circuit and lightning monitoring The circuits are respectively integrated on the PCB boards, and the PCB boards are also provided with temperature sensors, and the PCB boards are connected and connected at both ends of each lightning protection module through large-flow plug-in terminals. The MCU main control unit 50 processes and calculates the dynamic impedance change signal of the temperature impedance sensor 41 of each lightning protection module and the temperature sensor of the PCB board, and compares it with the preset alarm temperature value, so as to judge the temperature of each lightning protection module. temperature warning level. As shown in the figure, the lightning protection box 101 has six lightning protection modules 10 and 20 in total, through the temperature sensor 41 of each lightning protection module 10 and 20 and a temperature sensor on the board, the temperature rise of the lightning protection box (lightning protection box temperature relative to the PCB board temperature) to determine the level of the alarm, the lightning protection box temperature is monitored by the temperature impedance sensor 41, and the PCB board temperature is monitored by the temperature sensor and sent to the MCU main control unit 50 for comparison, analysis, calculation, etc. Wait. The MCU main control unit 50 presets two levels of alarm temperature value comparison, processes and calculates the dynamic impedance change signal, judges the degradation state of the corresponding TMOV lightning protection module and displays it through the LCD display module 52, and the sound alarm 51 alarms, The deterioration state is divided into two levels: important alarm and emergency alarm, and the fault code can be sent to the background through the RS-485 communication port 53.

In the actual monitoring operation, the preset alarm temperature value includes two levels of important alarm temperature value and emergency alarm temperature value, and the MCU main control unit 50 has a time calculation unit for detecting the set important alarm temperature When the value starts to count, the MCU main control unit is used to detect that the impedance of the temperature impedance inductive device 41 continues to change multiple times within the set time, and the MCU main control unit 50 sends an important alarm signal to the sound alarm and the LCD display module, An important alarm is issued through the sound alarm 51 and an important alarm signal is displayed through the LCD display module 52 , and the important alarm signal is eliminated when the MCU main control unit 50 detects that the impedance of the temperature impedance sensor 41 is restored. When the MCU main control unit 50 detects and confirms that the leakage current is an important alarm, the system 100 confirms that it is a first-level alarm. At this time, the lightning protection module can work but has initially deteriorated. In a specific case, the MCU main control unit 50 sends out an emergency alarm signal when it detects that the temperature monitoring signal of the temperature impedance sensor 41 rises, that is, the temperature of the lightning protection box continues to rise until it reaches the emergency alarm temperature value. When the MCU main control unit 50 detects that it is a second-level alarm (emergency alarm), the MCU main control unit 50 enters a second-level alarm. At this time, the lightning protection module has completely deteriorated and needs to be replaced immediately. Simultaneously, the emergency alarm signal is issued by the sound alarm 51 and the emergency alarm signal is displayed by the LCD display module 52, and the fault code is sent to the background through the RS-485 communication port, so that the background can be processed accordingly. Therefore, both primary and secondary alarms will send alarm codes to the control center through communication RS-485 port 53 to realize active alarms. Maintenance personnel can perform active maintenance according to the alarm information displayed on the local LCD display module 52 .

Further, the MCU main control unit 50 has a leakage current monitoring unit for analyzing the relationship between the impedance value of the temperature impedance inductive device 41, the calculated leakage current value of the lightning protection module, and the temperature value of the lightning protection module Calculate, and display the leakage current through the LCD display module 52 and output through the RS-485 communication port, so as to monitor on the body of the lightning protection box and remotely monitor. The leakage current monitoring and alarm methods of the lightning protection modules 10 and 20 are as follows: in the lightning protection module, a temperature sensor that is sensitive to temperature and whose impedance changes and a TMOV chip module are packaged in each shell module, and the leakage current is monitored. The temperature sensor can also be a temperature impedance inductive device 41, through which the MCU main control unit 50 simultaneously monitors its temperature and impedance changes and calculates the size of the leakage current, that is, realizes monitoring the temperature of the TMOV type lightning protection modules 10 and 20 and outputs different According to the heating degree of each TSPD module and the leakage current of the TSPD lightning protection module, the temperature impedance change and the curve change of the three can be found, and the impedance change can be measured by the instrument or connected to the single-chip microcomputer system for prediction. Design, analysis, calculation, display and alarm communication to realize real-time local monitoring and remote monitoring of the lightning protection box.

As shown in Figure 1, the lightning monitoring circuit includes a lightning current sensor 61 connected to the neutral wire N of the power supply or a protective ground wire PE, and a lightning current sampling circuit 62, and the lightning current sensor 61 and the lightning current sampling circuit 62 are serially connected to the MCU in sequence The main control unit 50 monitors the collected lightning current information, and the lightning current sampling circuit 62 has an integrating circuit for collecting lightning current signals on the neutral line N or the protective earth line PE, and converting the current signals collected by the lightning current sensor The voltage signal is supplied to the MCU main control unit 50 for processing and calculation, and displayed by the LCD display module 52. The lightning current sensor includes a coil wound on the lightning protection box and a rectifier diode connected in series with the leads at both ends of the coil. In addition to the lightning current sensor, it also includes limit piezoresistors, current limiting resistors, rectifiers, capacitors, resistors, and also includes anti-surge, rectifier, voltage sampling, discharge, charge and other circuits. The lightning current signal can be collected on the PE line and the N line respectively, and the size of the lightning can be detected through the current transformer. The current signal collected by the current transformer is converted into a voltage signal for MCU to process and calculate, and displayed on the operable LCD screen superior.

In addition, the system 100 also includes a power board 55 on which an AC/DC rectifying device 56 is provided, which uses a power line to provide power, and through AC/DC rectification becomes the voltage required by the MCU main control unit 50 .

When the lightning monitoring and deterioration state monitoring system 100 of the above-mentioned lightning protection box works, it may specifically include the following steps:

S01: collect the lightning current signal through the lightning monitoring circuit, and feed it back to the MCU main control unit 50, and monitor the lightning current on the power line through the MCU main control unit 50;

S02: Detect the on-off state signals of each lightning protection module output by the TMOV on-off state monitoring circuit through the MCU main control unit 50, transmit and display the on-off state information and perform corresponding background processing;

S03: Continuously detect the impedance change of each temperature impedance sensor in the TMOV degradation state monitoring circuit 40 through the MCU main control unit 50, obtain the TMOV temperature change signal and leakage current, analyze and calculate through the MCU main control unit 50, and obtain the lightning protection Module running status information, and corresponding operation processing.

As mentioned above, each circuit unit is connected and cooperated with the MCU main control unit 50, and the on-off state signal, the deterioration state monitoring signal and the lightning current intensity signal of the TMOV deterioration state monitoring circuit are constantly monitored by the MCU main control unit 50, and then Through the MCU main control unit 50, the on-off state signal output by the TMOV on-off state monitoring circuit, the deterioration state monitoring signal of the TMOV deterioration state monitoring circuit and the lightning current intensity signal are collected and measured, and the monitored signals are compared with the MCU main control unit. Analyze and compare the preset information in the control unit 50, output lightning intensity (kA level), lightning frequency, lightning occurrence time, safety protection days, TMOV on-off fault status information and TMOV degradation status information, monitoring information and alarm information, The degradation state monitoring signal includes temperature monitoring signal and leakage current signal, and can provide IO interface for more than 6 groups of TMOV lightning protection module groups at the same time, and implement alarm monitoring.

Based on the MCU main control unit 50, the above-mentioned status signals can be monitored remotely, and the corresponding signal feedback processing can be arranged as a whole, and the sound alarm can be sent through the sound alarm 51 and the alarm signal can be displayed through the LCD display module 52, so as to realize the online monitoring of the lightning monitoring system 100, for example It can monitor the lightning intensity (kA level), lightning strike times, lightning strike time, protection days, SPD failure alarm and maintenance records. Through the continuous observation, uploading, and analysis of one or several thunderstorm seasons, the actual thunderstorm situation of the substation can be objectively evaluated, providing a basis for the lightning risk assessment of the protected lightning protection box and the lightning protection level of the equipment. At the same time, it can also be used to check whether the existing lightning protection box has played its due role when struck by lightning, and furthermore, it can be used as the basis for the identification of responsibility for lightning strike accidents. The background system can be connected to the background system through the MCU main control unit 50 and the line, and the lightning strike data of each lightning protection box is monitored in the background monitoring center, and the active maintenance reduces the risk of equipment damage.

It should be noted that the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make other changes according to the inventive spirit of the utility model, and these changes made according to the inventive spirit of the utility model should all be Included within the scope of protection required by the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A lightning monitoring and degradation state monitoring system of a lightning protection box, the lightning protection box has a plurality of lightning protection modules, each lightning protection module includes at least one TMOV, it is characterized in that the system includes a TMOV on-off state A monitoring circuit, a TMOV degradation state monitoring circuit, an MCU main control unit, and a lightning monitoring circuit for monitoring lightning current, the TMOV on-off state monitoring circuit includes a plurality of on-off monitoring units corresponding to a plurality of lightning protection modules, and multiple Two on-off monitoring units are connected in series or in parallel to the MCU main control unit to process the on-off state feedback to the MCU main control unit. The TMOV degradation state monitoring circuit includes a temperature monitoring circuit, and the temperature monitoring circuit includes a plurality of A plurality of temperature impedance inductive devices set by the lightning protection module, the impedance of the temperature impedance inductive device changes based on the temperature change of the TMOV and the change status signal is fed back to the MCU main control unit to monitor the temperature dynamics of the lightning protection module and the temperature of the lightning protection box leakage current. 2. The lightning monitoring and deterioration state monitoring system of lightning protection box as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, each on-off monitoring unit comprises the fuse that is arranged corresponding to lightning protection module, and the fusing in each lightning protection module The common contacts of each lightning protection module are connected in series or in parallel to form a dry contact, and then connected to the MCU main control unit, which is used to detect the on-off of the lightning protection module through the MCU main control unit. 3. As claimed in claim 2 and the lightning monitoring and degradation state monitoring system of the lightning protection box, it is characterized in that each lightning protection module also includes a first thermal fuse connected in series with the TMOV and an indicating circuit, the indicating circuit It is connected in parallel with the TMOV and then connected in series with the first thermal fuse, which is used to indicate the corresponding fault state when the corresponding lightning protection module is opened or closed. 4. The lightning monitoring and degradation state monitoring system of the lightning protection box according to claim 1, wherein the on-off monitoring unit sends a switch signal to the MCU main control unit, and the MCU main control unit is connected with a sound Alarm, remote signaling relay, and LCD display module, through the MCU main control unit, the on-off status signal of each lightning protection module is sent to the alarm through the sound alarm, controlled by the remote signaling relay, and the on-off signal is displayed through the LCD display module, and passed The RS-485 communication port sends the fault code to the background, so that the background can handle it accordingly. 5. The lightning monitoring and deterioration state monitoring system of lightning protection box as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the temperature monitoring signal of described temperature impedance inductive device is a dynamic impedance change signal, and each electrical appliance in each lightning protection module The unit is installed on a PCB board, the PCB board is provided with a temperature sensor, and the MCU main control unit processes and calculates the temperature impedance inductive devices of each lightning protection module and the dynamic impedance change signal of the temperature sensor of the PCB board And compared with the preset alarm temperature value, it is used to judge the temperature alarm level of each lightning protection module. 6. The lightning monitoring and degradation state monitoring system of the lightning protection box according to claim 5, wherein the preset alarm temperature value includes two levels of important alarm temperature value and emergency alarm temperature value, and the MCU main control The unit has a time calculation unit, which is used to start timing when the MCU main control unit detects the set important alarm temperature value. change, and send important alarm signals to the sound alarm and LCD display module, the important alarm alarm is issued through the sound alarm and the important alarm signal is displayed through the LCD display module, and when the MCU main control unit detects that the impedance of the temperature impedance inductive device is restored Eliminate important alarm signals, when the MCU main control unit detects that the temperature monitoring signal of the temperature impedance inductive device rises to the emergency alarm temperature value, an emergency alarm signal is issued, an emergency alarm alarm is issued through the sound alarm, and the emergency alarm is displayed through the LCD display module. Alarm signal, and send fault codes to the background through the RS-485 communication port, so that the background can deal with it accordingly. 7. the lightning monitoring and deterioration state monitoring system of lightning protection box as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described MCU main control unit has leakage current monitoring unit, is used for according to the impedance value of temperature impedance inductive device, calculates The relationship between the leakage current value of the lightning protection module and the temperature value of the lightning protection module is analyzed and calculated, and the leakage current is displayed through the LCD display module and output through the RS-485 communication port. 8. The lightning monitoring and deterioration state monitoring system of lightning protection box as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described lightning monitoring circuit comprises the lightning current sensor that is connected to power supply neutral line N or protection earth wire PE, lightning current Sampling circuit, the lightning current sensor and lightning current sampling circuit are serially connected to the MCU main control unit in order to monitor the collected lightning current information, and the lightning current sampling circuit has an integrating circuit for neutral line N or protective earth line PE Collect the lightning current signal, convert the current signal collected by the lightning current sensor into a voltage signal, supply it to the MCU main control unit for processing and calculation, and display it through the LCD display module. The lightning current sensor includes a coil wound on the lightning protection box and A rectifier diode connected in series with the leads at both ends of the coil. 9. The lightning monitoring and deterioration state monitoring system of lightning protection box as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described system also comprises power board, and described power board is provided with AC/DC rectifier and is connected with power line, Provide the required voltage to the MCU main control unit through AC/DC rectification. 10. The lightning monitoring and deterioration state monitoring system of lightning protection box as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, each lightning protection module has PCB board, described TMOV circuit unit, on-off state monitoring circuit, TMOV deterioration state monitoring The circuit and the lightning monitoring circuit are respectively integrated on the PCB, and the PCB is also provided with a temperature sensor connected to the MCU main control unit 50, and the PCB is plugged and unplugged at both ends of each lightning protection module. Terminal access and output.