CN206052010U - A kind of multistage collection scum silica frost organic garbage methane installation for fermenting - Google Patents
A kind of multistage collection scum silica frost organic garbage methane installation for fermenting Download PDFInfo
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- CN206052010U CN206052010U CN201621053219.9U CN201621053219U CN206052010U CN 206052010 U CN206052010 U CN 206052010U CN 201621053219 U CN201621053219 U CN 201621053219U CN 206052010 U CN206052010 U CN 206052010U
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000678 Mycotoxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002636 mycotoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种多级收集浮渣有机垃圾沼气发酵装置,它将有机垃圾粉碎机连接投料桶,出料口连接有机垃圾发酵罐的发酵室,发酵室的顶部设有储气室,储气室与发酵室之间设有多孔挡渣板,储气室与溢流管相连接,溢流管的另一端连接贮液箱,贮液箱经回流管路与储气室及投料桶相连接;所述发酵室内安装有至少两个上下排布的浮渣收集罩,浮渣收集罩的顶部设有与储气室相连通的浮渣提升管,多孔挡渣板的底部固定连接浮渣回流管,浮渣回流管伸向发酵室下部并与储气室相连通的。本实用新型通过设置多级收集浮渣结构和浮渣清洗回流结构,能有效收集浮渣,消除了结壳隐患,有效提高了发酵室容积和储气室容积,提高了原料利用率和产气率。
The utility model discloses a biogas fermentation device for multi-stage collection of scum and organic waste, which connects an organic waste pulverizer to a feeding barrel, and connects a discharge port to a fermentation chamber of an organic waste fermentation tank. The top of the fermentation chamber is provided with a gas storage chamber. There is a porous slag retaining board between the gas storage room and the fermentation room, the gas storage room is connected to the overflow pipe, the other end of the overflow pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is connected to the gas storage room and the feeding barrel through the return pipeline connected; the fermentation chamber is equipped with at least two scum collecting hoods arranged up and down, the top of the scum collecting hood is provided with a scum riser connected with the gas storage chamber, and the bottom of the porous scum retaining plate is fixedly connected to the scum Slag return pipe, the scum return pipe extends to the lower part of the fermentation chamber and communicates with the gas storage chamber. The utility model can effectively collect the scum by setting a multi-stage scum collecting structure and a scum cleaning and returning structure, eliminate the hidden danger of crusting, effectively increase the volume of the fermentation chamber and the volume of the gas storage chamber, and improve the utilization rate of raw materials and the rate of gas production .
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于沼气发酵技术领域,涉及一种多级收集浮渣有机垃圾沼气发酵装置。The utility model belongs to the technical field of biogas fermentation, and relates to a multistage biogas fermentation device for collecting scum and organic garbage.
背景技术Background technique
随着经济的发展,城市规模的迅速扩大和城市人口的快速增加,产生的有机垃圾越来越多。有机垃圾中水分和有机物含量高,容易分解,容易产生臭气和污水等。如果不及时处理,将对环境造成二次污染,并且有机垃圾长时间堆积在一起,容易滋生病原微生物、霉菌毒素等有害物质。目前有机垃圾处理方法主要有卫生填埋、饲料加工、好氧堆肥、提炼生物柴油和厌氧消化等。而目前的厌氧消化装置在厌氧消化过程中容易出现部分发酵原料在浮力的作用下,上浮形成浮渣。浮渣长期缺水、干缩进而形成结壳。结壳可导致厌氧消化装置产生的沼气聚集受阻,有效发酵容积和储气室容积减少,原料利用率降低,产气率减少等。严重时会导致厌氧消化装置的爆裂。因此,有必要研制一种能有效解决厌氧消化装置在厌氧消化过程中出现浮渣问题,使得有机垃圾得以充分厌氧消化,实现最大资源化处理,从而提高原料的利用率和提高产气率。With the development of economy, the rapid expansion of city scale and the rapid increase of urban population, more and more organic wastes are produced. Organic waste contains high moisture and organic matter content, which is easy to decompose, and it is easy to produce odor and sewage. If it is not treated in time, it will cause secondary pollution to the environment, and organic waste will accumulate for a long time, which will easily breed harmful substances such as pathogenic microorganisms and mycotoxins. At present, the treatment methods of organic waste mainly include sanitary landfill, feed processing, aerobic composting, extraction of biodiesel and anaerobic digestion. However, during the anaerobic digestion process of the current anaerobic digestion device, it is easy for some fermentation raw materials to float up to form scum under the action of buoyancy. The scum is short of water for a long time, dries up and shrinks to form crusts. The incrustation can lead to the blockage of the accumulation of biogas produced by the anaerobic digestion unit, the reduction of the effective fermentation volume and the volume of the gas storage chamber, the reduction of the utilization rate of raw materials, and the reduction of the gas production rate. In severe cases, the anaerobic digestion unit will burst. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method that can effectively solve the scum problem in the anaerobic digestion process of the anaerobic digestion device, so that the organic waste can be fully anaerobicly digested, and the maximum resource treatment can be realized, thereby improving the utilization rate of raw materials and increasing the gas production. Rate.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是提供一种多级收集浮渣有机垃圾沼气发酵装置,能有效解决厌氧消化装置中有机垃圾发酵过程浮渣清理困难,原料利用率低,产气率低的问题,使有机垃圾得以充分厌氧消化,实现最大资源化处理,从而提高原料的利用率和提高产气率。The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a multi-stage biogas fermentation device for collecting scum organic waste, which can effectively solve the problems of difficult cleaning of scum in the fermentation process of organic waste in the anaerobic digestion device, low utilization rate of raw materials, and low gas production rate. To solve the problem, the organic waste can be fully anaerobically digested, and the maximum resource treatment can be realized, so as to improve the utilization rate of raw materials and increase the gas production rate.
本实用新型以如下技术方案解决上述技术问题:The utility model solves the above technical problems with the following technical solutions:
本实用新型一种多级收集浮渣有机垃圾沼气发酵装置,包括有机垃圾粉碎机、发酵室、储气室和贮液箱,有机垃圾粉碎机的进料口连接投料桶,出料口经管道连接发酵室,发酵室的顶部设有储气室,储气室与发酵室之间设有多孔挡渣板,储气室与沼液滤清液溢流管的一端相连接,沼液滤清液溢流管的另一端连接贮液箱,贮液箱经回流管路与储气室及投料桶相连接;所述发酵室内安装有至少两个上下排布的浮渣收集罩,浮渣收集罩的顶部设有与储气室相连通的浮渣提升管,多孔挡渣板的底部固定连接浮渣回流管,浮渣回流管伸向发酵室下部并与储气室相连通的。The utility model is a biogas fermentation device for multi-stage collection of scum and organic garbage, which comprises an organic garbage pulverizer, a fermentation chamber, a gas storage room and a liquid storage tank. Connected to the fermentation room, the top of the fermentation room is equipped with a gas storage room, and a porous slag blocking plate is installed between the gas storage room and the fermentation room. The gas storage room is connected to one end of the biogas slurry filtrate overflow pipe. The other end of the liquid overflow pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is connected to the air storage chamber and the feeding barrel through the return pipeline; at least two scum collection covers arranged up and down are installed in the fermentation chamber, and the scum is collected The top of the cover is provided with a scum riser connected with the air storage chamber, and the bottom of the porous slag retaining plate is fixedly connected with a scum return pipe, which extends to the lower part of the fermentation chamber and communicates with the air storage chamber.
所述储气室的顶部设有沼气输出管,储气室内设有与回流管路相连接的沼液环型喷洒管。The top of the gas storage chamber is provided with a biogas output pipe, and the gas storage chamber is provided with a biogas slurry annular spray pipe connected with a return pipeline.
所述贮液箱的沼液出口与回流管路相连接,回流管路上安装有污水泵,污水泵与沼液出口之间设有贮液箱沼液阀。The biogas slurry outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected to the return pipeline, a sewage pump is installed on the return pipeline, and a biogas slurry valve of the liquid storage tank is arranged between the sewage pump and the biogas slurry outlet.
所述投料桶的上部设有沼液稀释入口,沼液稀释入口与回流管路相连接,并在管路上设有沼液回流稀释阀,投料桶的下部设有投料桶清理阀。The upper part of the feeding barrel is provided with a biogas slurry dilution inlet, which is connected to the return pipeline, and a biogas slurry return dilution valve is provided on the pipeline, and a feeding barrel cleaning valve is provided at the lower part of the feeding barrel.
所述有机垃圾粉碎机的出料端与发酵室连接的管道上设有发酵室进料阀。The pipeline connecting the discharge end of the organic waste pulverizer to the fermentation chamber is provided with a fermentation chamber feed valve.
所述储气室的下部设有与溢流管相连接的沼液滤清液出口,沼液滤清液出口与溢流管相连接的管道上设有沼液滤清液溢流阀,储气室的上部外侧设有沼液清洗口,沼液清洗口一端与沼液环型喷洒管相连接,另一端与回流管路相连接,并在连接管路上设有储气室沼液清洗阀。The lower part of the gas storage chamber is provided with a biogas slurry filtrate outlet connected to the overflow pipe, and a biogas slurry filtrate overflow valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the biogas slurry filtrate outlet and the overflow pipe. There is a biogas slurry cleaning port on the outside of the upper part of the gas chamber. One end of the biogas slurry cleaning port is connected to the biogas slurry ring spray pipe, and the other end is connected to the return pipeline, and a biogas slurry cleaning valve for the gas storage chamber is installed on the connecting pipeline. .
所述发酵室的底部安装有发酵室清理阀。The bottom of the fermentation chamber is equipped with a fermentation chamber cleaning valve.
所述浮渣收集罩由斜向的挡板构成,挡板上开有小孔,浮渣提升管安装在挡板的顶部,并与挡板下方的区域相通,上下浮渣收集罩为错开排布。The scum collection cover is composed of oblique baffles with small holes. The scum riser is installed on the top of the baffle and communicates with the area below the baffle. The upper and lower scum collection covers are staggered. cloth.
本实用新型装置具有如下有益效果:The utility model device has the following beneficial effects:
1、本实用新型设计了多级收集浮渣结构和浮渣清洗回流结构,能有效收集浮渣,并能将收集到储气室的浮渣打碎清洗回流到发酵室,重新和新的有机垃圾混合物混合发酵,消除了结壳隐患,有效提高了发酵室容积和储气室容积,提高了原料利用率和产气率。1. The utility model has designed a multi-stage scum collecting structure and a scum cleaning and returning structure, which can effectively collect scum, and can smash and clean the scum collected in the gas storage chamber and return it to the fermentation room, and recombine with new organic waste The mixed fermentation of the mixture eliminates the hidden danger of crusting, effectively increases the volume of the fermentation chamber and the volume of the gas storage chamber, and improves the utilization rate of raw materials and the rate of gas production.
2、本实用新型装置先将收集到的有机垃圾进行粉碎预处理,同时和回流系统输送过来的沼液滤清液混合,为有机垃圾发酵室提供良好的发酵原料。2. The device of the utility model first crushes the collected organic waste for pretreatment, and at the same time mixes it with the biogas slurry filtrate transported by the reflux system to provide good fermentation raw materials for the organic waste fermentation room.
3、本实用新型装置将有机垃圾预处理,输送到有机垃圾发酵罐进行厌氧发酵产生沼气,沼气可供用户使用。3. The device of the utility model pretreats the organic waste and transports it to the organic waste fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas, which can be used by users.
4.本实用新型设置的贮液箱主要作用是贮存沼液滤清液,并通过回流管路为有机垃圾预处理设备提供物料混合液体,为有机垃圾发酵罐提供沼液清洗浮渣,清洗效果好。4. The main function of the liquid storage tank set in the utility model is to store biogas slurry filtrate, and provide material mixed liquid for organic waste pretreatment equipment through the return pipeline, and provide biogas liquid for organic waste fermentation tanks to clean scum, and the cleaning effect is excellent. it is good.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型多级收集浮渣有机垃圾沼气发酵装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a biogas fermentation device for multi-stage collection of scum and organic waste according to the present invention.
图中:1-投料桶支撑架、2-有机垃圾粉碎机、3-出料口、4-投料桶清理阀、5-投料桶、6-沼液回流稀释阀、7-沼液稀释入口、8-储气室沼液清洗阀、9-沼液清洗口、10-沼液环型喷洒管、11-多孔挡渣板、12-储气室、13-沼气输出管、14-储气室顶盖、15-二级浮渣提升管、16-二级浮渣收集罩、17-沼液滤清液出口、18-沼液滤清液溢流阀、19-一级浮渣提升管、20-一级浮渣收集罩、21-一级浮渣收集罩座、22-溢流管、23-发酵室进料阀、24-发酵室进料口、25-浮渣回流管、26-发酵室清理阀、27-发酵室、28-有机垃圾发酵罐支撑架、29-贮液箱、30-沼液出口、31-贮液箱沼液阀、32-污水泵、33-回流管路。In the figure: 1-feeding barrel support frame, 2-organic waste crusher, 3-outlet, 4-feeding barrel cleaning valve, 5-feeding barrel, 6-biogas slurry return dilution valve, 7-biogas slurry dilution inlet, 8-biogas slurry cleaning valve of the gas storage chamber, 9-biogas slurry cleaning port, 10-biogas slurry ring spray pipe, 11-porous slag retaining plate, 12-gas storage room, 13-biogas output pipe, 14-gas storage room Top cover, 15-secondary scum riser, 16-secondary scum collection cover, 17-biogas slurry filtrate outlet, 18-biogas slurry filtrate overflow valve, 19-first-level scum riser, 20-first-level scum collection cover, 21-first-level scum collection cover seat, 22-overflow pipe, 23-fermentation chamber feed valve, 24-fermentation chamber feed inlet, 25-scum return pipe, 26- Fermentation chamber cleaning valve, 27-Fermentation chamber, 28-Organic waste fermentation tank support frame, 29-Liquid storage tank, 30-Biogas slurry outlet, 31-Liquid storage tank biogas slurry valve, 32-Sewage pump, 33-Return pipeline .
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步的描述:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described:
如图1所示,本实用新型一种多级收集浮渣有机垃圾沼气发酵装置,包括有机垃圾粉碎机2、发酵室27、储气室12和贮液箱29,发酵室27和储气室12组成有机垃圾发酵罐,有机垃圾发酵罐的底部设有有机垃圾发酵罐支撑架28,有机垃圾粉碎机2的进料口连接投料桶5,投料桶5的底部设有投料桶支撑架1;有机垃圾粉碎机2的出料口3经管道连接发酵室27,发酵室27的顶部设有储气室12,储气室27与发酵室12之间通过多孔挡渣板11相隔开,储气室12的顶部设有储气室顶盖14,储气室12的下部设有与溢流管22一端相连接的沼液滤清液出口17,溢流管22的另一端连接贮液箱29,贮液箱29经回流管路33与储气室12的沼液清洗口9以及投料桶5的沼液稀释入口7相连接;发酵室27内安装有一级浮渣收集罩20和二级浮渣收集罩16,一级浮渣收集罩20的顶部设有与多孔挡渣板11相连接的一级浮渣提升管19,一级浮渣收集罩20的下部与一级浮渣收集罩座21相连接,一级浮渣收集罩座21安装在发酵室27的内壁上;二级浮渣收集罩16的顶部设有与多孔挡渣板11相连接的二级浮渣提升管15,一级浮渣提升管19和二级浮渣提升管15均与储气室相连通;多孔挡渣板11的底部固定连接浮渣回流管25,浮渣回流管25伸向发酵室27下部并与储气室12相连通。As shown in Fig. 1, a kind of multi-stage collection scum organic waste biogas fermentation device of the utility model comprises organic waste pulverizer 2, fermentation chamber 27, gas storage chamber 12 and liquid storage tank 29, fermentation chamber 27 and gas storage chamber 12 form an organic waste fermentation tank, the bottom of the organic waste fermentation tank is provided with an organic waste fermentation tank support frame 28, the feed port of the organic waste pulverizer 2 is connected to the feeding bucket 5, and the bottom of the feeding bucket 5 is provided with a feeding bucket support frame 1; The discharge port 3 of the organic waste pulverizer 2 is connected to the fermentation chamber 27 through a pipeline, and the top of the fermentation chamber 27 is provided with an air storage chamber 12, and the air storage chamber 27 and the fermentation chamber 12 are separated by a porous slag retaining plate 11. The top of the gas chamber 12 is provided with the top cover of the gas storage chamber 14, and the lower part of the gas storage chamber 12 is provided with a biogas slurry filtrate outlet 17 connected to one end of the overflow pipe 22, and the other end of the overflow pipe 22 is connected to the liquid storage tank 29. The liquid storage tank 29 is connected to the biogas slurry cleaning port 9 of the gas storage chamber 12 and the biogas slurry dilution inlet 7 of the feeding barrel 5 through the return pipeline 33; The scum collecting cover 16, the top of the primary scum collecting cover 20 is provided with the primary scum riser 19 connected with the porous slag retaining plate 11, the bottom of the primary scum collecting cover 20 is connected with the primary scum collecting cover The seat 21 is connected, and the primary scum collection cover seat 21 is installed on the inwall of the fermentation chamber 27; the top of the secondary scum collection cover 16 is provided with a secondary scum riser 15 connected to the porous slag retaining plate 11, The primary scum riser 19 and the secondary scum riser 15 are all in communication with the gas storage chamber; the bottom of the porous slag retaining plate 11 is fixedly connected to the scum return pipe 25, and the scum return pipe 25 extends to the bottom of the fermentation chamber 27 and It communicates with the gas storage chamber 12.
所述储气室12的顶部设有沼气输出管13,储气室12内设有与回流管路33相连接的沼液环型喷洒管10,沼液环型喷洒管10沿储气室12内壁安装。The top of the gas storage chamber 12 is provided with a biogas output pipe 13, and the gas storage chamber 12 is provided with a biogas slurry annular spray pipe 10 connected to the return pipeline 33, and the biogas slurry annular spray pipe 10 runs along the gas storage chamber 12. Inner wall mount.
所述贮液箱12的下部设有沼液出口30,沼液出口30与回流管路33相连接,回流管路33上安装有污水泵32,污水泵32与沼液出口30之间设有贮液箱沼液阀31。The bottom of the liquid storage tank 12 is provided with a biogas slurry outlet 30, and the biogas slurry outlet 30 is connected with a return pipeline 33. A sewage pump 32 is installed on the return pipeline 33, and a sewage pump 32 and the biogas slurry outlet 30 are provided with Liquid storage tank biogas valve 31.
所述投料桶5的上部设置沼液稀释入口7,沼液稀释入口7与回流管路33之间设有沼液回流稀释阀6;投料桶5的下部设有投料桶清理阀4。The upper part of the feeding bucket 5 is provided with a biogas slurry dilution inlet 7, and a biogas slurry backflow dilution valve 6 is provided between the biogas slurry dilution inlet 7 and the return pipeline 33; the lower part of the feeding bucket 5 is provided with a feeding bucket cleaning valve 4.
所述有机垃圾粉碎机2的出料口3与发酵室进料口24之间的连接管道上设有发酵室进料阀23。A fermentation chamber feed valve 23 is provided on the connecting pipe between the discharge port 3 of the organic waste pulverizer 2 and the fermentation chamber feed port 24 .
所述储气室12下部的沼液滤清液出口17与溢流管22的连接管道上设有沼液滤清液溢流阀18,储气室12的上部外侧设有沼液清洗口9,沼液清洗口9的一端与沼液环型喷洒管10相连接,另一端与回流管路33相连接,并在连接管路上设有储气室沼液清洗阀8。A biogas slurry filtrate overflow valve 18 is provided on the connecting pipe between the biogas slurry filtrate outlet 17 and the overflow pipe 22 at the bottom of the gas storage chamber 12, and a biogas slurry cleaning port 9 is provided on the outer side of the upper part of the gas storage chamber 12. One end of the biogas slurry cleaning port 9 is connected to the biogas slurry annular spray pipe 10, and the other end is connected to the return pipeline 33, and a gas storage room biogas slurry cleaning valve 8 is arranged on the connecting pipeline.
所述发酵室27的底部安装有发酵室清理阀26。The bottom of the fermentation chamber 27 is equipped with a fermentation chamber cleaning valve 26 .
本实用新型采用的浮渣收集罩由斜向的挡板构成,挡板上开有小孔,浮渣提升管安装在挡板的顶部,并与挡板下方的区域相通,本实用新型也可以根据需要设置两个以上的浮渣收集罩,而且为上下错开排布。The scum collecting cover adopted by the utility model is composed of an oblique baffle plate, and a small hole is opened on the baffle plate. Set up two or more scum collecting covers as required, and arrange them staggered up and down.
本实用新型的工作原理如下:The working principle of the utility model is as follows:
使用本实用新型多级收集浮渣有机垃圾沼气发酵装置前,首先关闭投料桶清理阀4、储气室沼液清洗阀8、沼液滤清液溢流阀18和发酵室清理阀26。打开投料桶的沼液回流稀释阀6、发酵室进料阀23和贮液箱沼液阀31。按照常规程序,将日常收集到的有机垃圾投放到投料桶5里,启动污水泵32将贮液箱29里的沼液滤清液通过回流管路33抽至投料桶5里和投放的有机垃圾混合好,并使用投料桶5上的沼液回流稀释阀6调节好滤清液的流量。启动有机垃圾粉碎机2将有机垃圾和沼液滤清液的混合物粉碎好。在有机垃圾粉碎机2产生压力的作用下,粉碎好的有机垃圾混合物依次经过有机垃圾粉碎机2的出料口3、发酵室进料阀23和发酵室进料口24进入到有机垃圾发酵罐的发酵室27里。在有机垃圾发酵罐的发酵室27里,粉碎好的有机垃圾混合物在合适的温度下厌氧发酵产生沼气,沼气上升进入到储气室12里,并通过沼气输出管13输送给用户使用。有机垃圾混合物在有机垃圾发酵罐的发酵室27里厌氧消化过程中容易出现部分发酵原料在浮力的作用下上浮形成浮渣。浮渣在上浮过程中受到有机垃圾发酵罐内设置的一级浮渣收集罩座21和一级浮渣收集罩20的阻挡,改变了上浮方向并向一级浮渣提升管19中央聚集,并沿一级浮渣提升管19向上提升直到储气室12。而产生的沼气、沼液以及部分浮渣则通过一级浮渣收集罩20上的小孔继续上升。上升到二级浮渣收集罩16时,又受到二级浮渣收集罩16的阻挡,沼气、沼液继续通过二级浮渣收集罩16上的小孔上升。而通过一级浮渣收集罩20的浮渣再次被二级浮渣收集罩16收集,并沿二级浮渣提升管15向上提升直到储气室12。通过二级浮渣收集罩16的沼气、沼液以及部分少量浮渣继续上升。上升到多孔挡渣板11时,再次受到多孔挡渣板11的阻挡,沼气、沼液则通过多孔挡渣板11的小孔顺利进入到储气室12里。部分少量浮渣则被挡在多孔挡渣板11的下面。沼气通过沼气输出管13输送给用户使用。经过多级分离以后的沼液滤清液在沼液滤清液溢流阀18的控制下,经沼液滤清液出口17和溢流管22流到贮液设备的贮液箱29贮存使用。经一级浮渣收集罩20和二级浮渣收集罩16收集,并经一级浮渣提升管19和二级浮渣提升管15提升到储气室12的浮渣需要清洗回流时,先关闭投料桶5的沼液回流稀释阀6,启动污水泵32,再打开储气室沼液清洗阀8将贮液箱29里的沼液滤清液通过回流管路33抽至沼液环型喷洒管10。通过沼液环型喷洒管10上开设的喷洒孔将沼液滤清液喷洒在浮渣表面,并将浮渣打碎。打碎后的浮渣和沼液滤清液混合物经浮渣回流管25回流到发酵室27底部,并和新的发酵原料一起混合,重新发酵产气。清洗浮渣完毕以后,必须马上关闭储气室沼液清洗阀8。需要清洗投料桶5时,可关闭发酵室进料阀23,用水清洗投料桶5,打开投料桶清理阀4,将水排出投料桶5外。当发酵室27里沉渣过多时,必须要适当清理,打开发酵室清理阀26,将发酵室27里的沉渣排出,排出的沉渣要用专用容器装好,用做肥料,不可到处排放,以免造成二次污染。排放合适以后,立即把发酵室清理阀26关闭好。Before using the biogas fermentation device for multi-stage collection of scum and organic waste of the utility model, firstly close the feeding barrel cleaning valve 4, the biogas slurry cleaning valve 8 of the gas storage chamber, the biogas slurry filtrate overflow valve 18 and the fermentation room cleaning valve 26. Open the biogas slurry reflux dilution valve 6 of the feeding bucket, the feed valve 23 of the fermentation chamber and the biogas slurry valve 31 of the liquid storage tank. According to the routine procedure, put the organic waste collected daily into the feeding bucket 5, start the sewage pump 32 to pump the biogas slurry filtrate in the liquid storage tank 29 through the return line 33 to the feeding bucket 5 and put in the organic garbage. Mix well, and use the biogas slurry return dilution valve 6 on the feeding bucket 5 to adjust the flow rate of the filtrate. Start the organic waste pulverizer 2 to pulverize the mixture of organic waste and biogas slurry filtrate. Under the action of the pressure generated by the organic waste pulverizer 2, the pulverized organic waste mixture enters the organic waste fermenter through the discharge port 3 of the organic waste pulverizer 2, the feed valve 23 of the fermentation chamber and the feed port 24 of the fermentation chamber in sequence. The fermentation room is 27 miles. In the fermentation chamber 27 of the organic waste fermentation tank, the pulverized organic waste mixture is anaerobically fermented at a suitable temperature to produce biogas. The biogas rises into the gas storage chamber 12 and is delivered to users through the biogas output pipe 13. During the anaerobic digestion process of the organic waste mixture in the fermentation chamber 27 of the organic waste fermentation tank, part of the fermentation raw materials tend to float up under the action of buoyancy to form scum. During the floating process, the scum is blocked by the primary scum collection cover seat 21 and the primary scum collection cover 20 provided in the organic waste fermenter, changing the direction of flotation and gathering towards the center of the primary scum riser 19, and Lift upwards along the primary scum riser 19 until the air storage chamber 12. The generated biogas, biogas slurry and part of the scum continue to rise through the small holes on the first-stage scum collecting cover 20 . When rising to the secondary scum collecting cover 16, it is blocked by the secondary scum collecting cover 16 again, and biogas and biogas slurry continue to rise through the apertures on the secondary scum collecting cover 16. The scum passing through the primary scum collecting cover 20 is collected by the secondary scum collecting cover 16 again, and is lifted up along the secondary scum riser 15 until the air storage chamber 12 . The biogas, biogas slurry and part of a small amount of scum that pass through the secondary scum collecting cover 16 continue to rise. When it rises to the porous slag retaining plate 11, it is blocked by the porous slag retaining plate 11 again, and biogas and biogas liquid then enter into the gas storage chamber 12 li smoothly through the apertures of the porous slag retaining plate 11. Part of a small amount of scum is blocked under the porous slag retaining plate 11 . The biogas is transported to users through the biogas output pipe 13 . Under the control of the biogas slurry filtrate overflow valve 18, the biogas slurry filtrate after multi-stage separation flows to the liquid storage tank 29 of the liquid storage equipment through the biogas slurry filtrate outlet 17 and the overflow pipe 22 for storage and use . When the scum collected by the primary scum collection cover 20 and the secondary scum collection cover 16 and lifted to the gas storage chamber 12 through the primary scum riser 19 and the secondary scum riser 15 needs to be cleaned and returned, first Close the biogas slurry backflow dilution valve 6 of the feeding bucket 5, start the sewage pump 32, and then open the biogas slurry cleaning valve 8 of the gas storage chamber to pump the biogas slurry filtrate in the liquid storage tank 29 to the biogas slurry ring through the return pipeline 33 Spray pipe 10. The biogas slurry filtrate is sprayed on the scum surface through the spray holes provided on the biogas slurry annular spray pipe 10, and the scum is broken up. The crushed scum and biogas slurry filtrate mixture is returned to the bottom of the fermentation chamber 27 through the scum return pipe 25, and mixed with new fermentation raw materials for re-fermentation to produce gas. After cleaning the scum, the biogas slurry cleaning valve 8 of the gas storage chamber must be closed immediately. When the feeding bucket 5 needs to be cleaned, the fermentation chamber feeding valve 23 can be closed, the feeding bucket 5 is cleaned with water, the feeding bucket cleaning valve 4 is opened, and the water is discharged outside the feeding bucket 5. When there is too much sediment in the fermentation chamber 27, it must be properly cleaned. Open the fermentation chamber cleaning valve 26 to discharge the sediment in the fermentation chamber 27. The discharged sediment should be packed in a special container and used as fertilizer. It should not be discharged everywhere, so as not to cause Secondary pollution. After the discharge is suitable, the fermentation chamber cleaning valve 26 is closed immediately.
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CN106190792B (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-10-16 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of multistage collection dross organic garbage methane installation for fermenting |
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