CN206046686U - A kind of equal channel angular extrusion die of optimization - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an optimized equal-channel angular extrusion die, which comprises a concave die, an L-shaped channel is opened in the concave die, a punch extruding rod is arranged in the longitudinal channel of the L-shaped channel, and the punch extruding rod The top end of the die is connected with a film pressing device that can make the extrusion rod of the male die move up and down in the longitudinal channel of the L-shaped channel. One side of the die is provided with an extrusion channel that communicates with the transverse channel of the L-shaped channel. The channel is provided with a resistance slide block, one end of the resistance slide block is connected with the transverse channel of the L-shaped channel, and the other end of the resistance slide block is connected with a hydraulic device. The utility model arranges a resistance sliding block in the extrusion channel of the die, and connects the resistance sliding block with a hydraulic device to exert back pressure on the extrusion workpiece, effectively avoiding warping and cracking in the material preparation process. Problem: By fastening the die part with a die fixing sleeve, its bearing capacity is greatly improved.

Description

An optimized equal channel angular extrusion die

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of plastic deformation dies, in particular to an optimized equal-channel corner extrusion die.

Background technique

Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), as a method for preparing ultra-fine grain bulk materials, has the advantages of low energy consumption, no pollution, simple mold structure and reusable, etc., and has great potential application value in the industrial field. Equal channel angular extrusion mainly has the following uses: it can be used as a processing technology in combination with other processing methods (such as rolling, forging, drawing, etc.) to prepare strips, plates, and wires with better performance. Low-dimensional materials such as materials; used in the preparation of materials subjected to alternating loads or materials served in high-temperature environments, through ECAP to improve the fatigue performance of materials, prolong the service life of materials, increase the grain growth temperature of materials, and expand the use of ordinary materials Scope; increase the strength of materials through equal channel angular extrusion, so that ordinary materials can achieve the comprehensive mechanical properties of high-alloy materials and heat-treated materials, thereby reducing the use of high-alloy materials and achieving the purpose of saving resources; improving the strength of difficult-to-deform metals or alloys Plasticity, improving its formability. However, the tensile stress generated at the corner of the extrusion channel in the current equal-channel extrusion die is easy to cause cracks or fractures in the sample, and it is difficult to achieve multi-pass extrusion of the obtained sample. Corner areas are more difficult to process. In addition, the mold channel is easy to wear during the extrusion process and requires frequent maintenance, resulting in high mold processing and maintenance costs and low production efficiency. At present, single-piece operations are still the main method, which consumes more man-hours. . And the size of the prepared material is relatively small, the waste is serious, and it is far away from the industrialized production level. After extrusion, the front and rear ends and the surface of the material are prone to cracks, roughness, etc. It is often necessary to perform subsequent processing on the defective parts, and it is difficult to remove the residual workpiece, which needs to be removed by pushing out the next workpiece. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the structure of the equal channel angular extrusion die.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide an optimized equal-channel angular extrusion die to solve the problem that the equal-channel angular extrusion die in the prior art is prone to cracks during the material preparation process.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an optimized equal-channel corner extrusion die, including a die, an L-shaped passage is opened in the die, and a punch extrusion rod is arranged in the longitudinal passage of the L-shaped passage. The top of the extrusion rod of the punch is connected with a laminating device that can move the extrusion rod of the punch up and down in the longitudinal channel of the L-shaped channel, and one side of the die is provided with an extrusion device that communicates with the transverse channel of the L-shaped channel. Channel, the extruding channel is provided with a resistance sliding block, one end of the resistance sliding block is connected with the transverse channel of the L-shaped channel, and the other end of the resistance sliding block is connected with a hydraulic device.

The utility model is also characterized in that:

The laminating device includes a punch fixing plate connected to the top of the punch extrusion rod, the upper surface of the punch fixing plate is connected with a backing plate, the upper surface of the backing plate is connected with an upper die holder, and the upper surface of the upper die holder is connected with a die holder. handle; the die is installed on the upper surface of the lower mold fixing plate, the lower surface of the lower mold fixing plate is connected with a pad, and the pad is installed on the upper surface of the lower mold base; there are multiple sets of slides between the lower mold base and the upper mold base The sliding device includes a guide post installed on the lower die base and a guide sleeve connected with the upper die base, and the guide sleeve is sleeved on the corresponding guide post.

Two wedge-shaped blocks are symmetrically installed on both sides of the backing plate, and holes for moving the wedge-shaped blocks up and down are arranged on both sides of the lower mold fixing plate.

A die pressing plate is installed on the upper surface of the die, and a die fixing sleeve is set on the outside of the die, and the die fixing sleeve and the die pressing plate are connected by bolts.

Two die sliders are arranged between one side of the die where the extrusion channel is arranged and the lower die fixing plate, and the two die sliders are connected by springs.

The structure of the hydraulic device is: including a hydraulic cylinder, an overflow valve and a fuel tank. A plunger is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder. The outer end of the plunger protruding from the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the other end of the block slider. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the filter through oil pipe a, and a hydraulic pump is installed on the oil pipe a between the hydraulic cylinder and the filter. The inlet of the overflow valve is connected with the part of the oil pipe a located between the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic pump, and the outlet of the overflow valve It communicates with the oil tank through the oil pipe b.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the improved equal-channel corner extrusion die of the utility model has a simple structure and is easy to use. The device is connected to apply back pressure on the extruded workpiece, effectively avoiding the problem of warping and cracking during the material preparation process; by fastening the die part with a die fixing sleeve, its bearing capacity is greatly improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an optimized equal-channel angular extrusion die of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a left view structural schematic diagram of an optimized equal-channel angular extrusion die of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic device adopted in the utility model.

In the figure, 1. Die handle, 2. Upper die base, 3. Backing plate, 4. Punch fixing plate, 5. Punch extrusion rod, 6. Wedge block, 7. Guide sleeve, 8. Guide post, 9 .Die pressing plate, 10. Die, 11. Die fixing sleeve, 12. Block slider, 13. Die slider, 14. Lower die fixing plate, 15. Spacer, 16. Lower die base, 17 .Extrusion workpiece, 18. Spring, 19. Hydraulic cylinder, 20. Relief valve, 21. Hydraulic pump, 22. Filter, 23. Oil tank, 24. Plunger.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail:

An optimized equal-channel angular extrusion die of the present utility model, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, includes a die 10, an L-shaped channel is opened in the die 10, and a convex channel is arranged in the longitudinal channel of the L-shaped channel. Die extruding rod 5, the top of punch extruding rod 5 is connected with the laminating device that can make punch extruding rod 5 move up and down in the longitudinal passage of L-shaped channel, one side of die 10 is provided with L-shaped The extruding channel that the transverse channel of channel is connected, the one end of this extruding channel close to the transverse channel of L-shaped channel is provided with the block member slide block 12, also is provided with spring a13 in extruding channel, one end of spring a13 and resisting member The slide block 12 is connected, and the other end of the spring a13 is connected with one end of the extrusion channel away from the transverse channel of the L-shaped channel. Laminating device comprises the punch fixed plate 4 that is connected with the top of punch extruding rod 5, and the upper surface of punch fixed plate 4 is connected with backing plate 3, and the upper surface of backing plate 3 is connected with upper die holder 2, and upper die holder The upper surface of 2 is connected with mold handle 1; Die 10 is installed on the upper surface of lower mold fixed plate 14, and the lower surface of lower mold fixed plate 14 is connected with spacer 15, and spacer 15 is installed on the upper surface of lower mold base 16 again; Multiple sets of sliding devices are arranged between the lower die base 16 and the upper die base 2. The sliding devices include guide posts 8 installed on the lower die base 16 and guide sleeves 7 connected with the upper die base 2. The guide sleeves 7 are sleeved on corresponding on the guide post 8. Two wedge-shaped blocks 6 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the backing plate 3 , and holes for moving the wedge-shaped blocks 6 up and down are arranged on both sides of the lower die fixing plate 14 . The upper surface of the die 10 is equipped with a die platen 9, and the outside of the die 10 is provided with a die holder 11, and the die holder 11 is connected with the die holder 9 by bolts. Two die sliders 13 are arranged between the side of the die 10 where the extrusion channel is set and the lower die fixing plate 14, and the two die sliders 13 are connected by a spring 18, specifically between the two die sliders 13. Open a hole at the corresponding position, then put the spring 18 into the hole, the two ends of the spring 18 are directly in contact with the two die slide blocks, and the die slide block 13 is connected with the spring 18 by pins.

The structure of the hydraulic device is: including a hydraulic cylinder 19, an overflow valve 20 and an oil tank 23, a plunger 24 is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 19, and the outer end of the plunger 24 extends out of the hydraulic cylinder 19 and is connected with the other end of the block slider 12 , the oil tank 23 is provided with a filter 22, the hydraulic cylinder 19 is connected to the filter 22 through the oil pipe a, the oil pipe a is located between the hydraulic cylinder 19 and the filter 22 and a hydraulic pump 21 is installed, and the inlet of the overflow valve 20 is connected to the oil pipe a The part located in the hydraulic cylinder 19 communicates with the hydraulic pump 21 , and the outlet of the overflow valve 20 communicates with the oil tank 23 through the oil pipe b.

The features of the utility model are as follows:

1. At the outlet of the transverse channel of the L-shaped channel, a resistance slide block 12 capable of applying back pressure is provided, and the resistance slide block 12 is connected with the plunger 24 of the hydraulic device, which can apply a large back pressure, It can fully meet the requirements of the pressure intensity required by the extrusion workpiece 17 for extrusion. When the hydraulic pump 21 draws liquid from the oil tank 23 into the hydraulic cylinder 19, the liquid applies pressure to the left to the plunger 24 and then to the block slider 12; when the punch squeezes the rod 5, the extruded workpiece 17 moves to the right Furthermore, when the sliding block 12 of the resistance member moves to the right, the liquid in the hydraulic cylinder 19 will flow back to the oil tank 23 through the overflow valve 20 through the oil pipe b; during the movement of the plunger 24, the extruded workpiece 17 will continue to bear The constant pressure improves the uniformity and compactness of the sample deformation, and can effectively reduce the probability of material damage and effectively avoid cracks caused by the tensile stress of the extruded workpiece 17 in the direction close to the inner side of the die during the extrusion process. And head warping and other defects.

2. Use the hydraulic device to exert leftward force on the extruded workpiece 17. After the extruded workpiece 17 is extruded, the punch extrusion rod 5 is lifted upwards, and the wedge-shaped block 6 withdraws from the holes on both sides of the lower die fixing plate 14. The two die sliders 13 are separated from each other under the restoring force of the spring 18. At this time, relying on the hydraulic cylinder to apply a force to the left on the resistance slider 12, coupled with the gravity of the extruded workpiece 17, the extruded workpiece is realized. 17. The automatic unloading solves the problem that the sample is easily stuck in the mold.

3. The die part is fastened by die fixing sleeve 11, which solves the problem of limited screw fastening force. After using the fixed sleeve, its ability to bear the load will be greatly improved. According to the formula of thick-walled cylinder with uniform internal pressure, its bearing capacity is about 11 times of the screw fastening force, so as to avoid cracks in the mold due to insufficient bonding force, which will affect the flying of the workpiece. edge generation.

4. Using the guide post and guide sleeve can make the movement of the extrusion rod 5 of the punch more accurate, and avoid the phenomenon that the extrusion rod 5 of the punch is broken due to inaccurate movement.

5. Because the plunger 24 in the hydraulic cylinder 19 can generate back pressure on the workpiece when the punch extruding rod 5 starts to extrude the workpiece, it can complete the processing of workpieces of different lengths under the length limit of the hydraulic cylinder 19. extrusion.

Claims (6)

1. an optimized equal-channel angular extrusion die is characterized in that it comprises a die (10), an L-shaped passage is provided in the die (10), and a punch is arranged in the longitudinal passage of the L-shaped passage to extrude Rod (5), the top of punch extruding rod (5) is connected with the laminating device that can make punch extruding rod (5) move up and down in the longitudinal channel of L-shaped channel, the die (10) One side is provided with the extruding passage that communicates with the transverse passage of described L-shaped passage, is provided with resistance piece slide block (12) in this extrusion passage, and one end of resistance piece slide block (12) and the transverse passage of L-shaped passage The passages are connected, and the other end of the resistance slide block (12) is connected with a hydraulic device. 2. A kind of optimized equal-channel angular extrusion die according to claim 1, characterized in that, said lamination device comprises a punch fixing plate (4) connected to the top end of said punch extrusion rod (5) ), the upper surface of the punch fixed plate (4) is connected with a backing plate (3), the upper surface of the backing plate (3) is connected with an upper die holder (2), and the upper surface of the upper die holder (2) is connected with a die handle (1); the die (10) is installed on the upper surface of the lower mold fixed plate (14), and the lower surface of the lower mold fixed plate (14) is connected with a spacer (15), and the spacer (15) is installed on the lower mold again The upper surface of the base (16); multiple sets of sliding devices are arranged between the lower die base (16) and the upper die base (2), and the sliding device includes guide posts (8) installed on the lower die base (16) and The guide sleeve (7) connected with the upper mold base (2), the guide sleeve (7) is sleeved on the corresponding guide post (8). 3. An optimized equal-channel angular extrusion die according to claim 2, characterized in that two wedge-shaped blocks (6) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the backing plate (3), and the lower die fixing plate (14) Both sides are provided with holes for moving the wedge block (6) up and down. 4. a kind of optimized equal-channel angular extrusion die according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the upper surface of described die (10) is equipped with die press plate (9), the outside of die (10) A die fixing sleeve (11) is sleeved, and the die fixing sleeve (11) is connected with the die pressing plate (9) by bolts. 5. A kind of optimized equal-channel angular extrusion die according to claim 2, characterized in that, between the side of the die (10) where the extrusion channel is set and the lower die fixing plate (14), a Two die slide blocks (13), two die slide blocks (13) are connected by springs (18). 6. A kind of optimized equal-channel angular extrusion die according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, the structure of the hydraulic device is: comprising a hydraulic cylinder (19), an overflow valve (20 ) and the fuel tank (23), the hydraulic cylinder (19) is provided with a plunger (24), and the outer end of the plunger (24) stretches out of the hydraulic cylinder (19) and is connected to the other end of the block slider (12) , the oil tank (23) is provided with a filter (22), the hydraulic cylinder (19) is connected to the filter (22) through the oil pipe a, and the oil pipe a is installed between the hydraulic cylinder (19) and the filter (22). Pump (21), the inlet of the overflow valve (20) communicates with the part of the oil pipe a located in the hydraulic cylinder (19) and the hydraulic pump (21), and the outlet of the overflow valve (20) is connected to the oil tank (23) through the oil pipe b ) are connected.