CN205991483U - Pluralities of fuel high-temperature gasification boiler using reducing process denitration - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of pluralities of fuel high-temperature gasification boiler of employing reducing process denitration，Including boiler foundation，Boiler body，The upper vertical header connecting with boiler body，The furnace wall water cooling tube group of vertical header in connection、Front wall water cooling tube group，With furnace wall water cooling tube group、The water-cooled grate that furnace wall front wall water cooling tube group is connected，The furnace shell built by laying bricks or stones、Front wall、Partition wall、Roof type partition wall，It is distribution plenum wherein below water-cooled grate，Above water-cooled grate、It is gasification combustion chamber below roof type partition wall，Fuel adding mouth is set below the front wall of gasification combustion chamber side，Roof type partition wall、Furnace shell、Front wall、Partition wall surrounds reduction denitration chamber，Roof type partition wall is provided with high-temperature flue gas import and ash port，Ash port is near boiler body side，It is provided with ash retaining wall between ash port and boiler body，It is reduction fuel region between ash retaining wall and boiler body.This utility model combustion thermal efficiency is high, denitration low cost, and denitration is easily controlled, and is not in exceeded situation, energy-conserving and environment-protective.

Description

Pluralities of fuel high-temperature gasification boiler using reducing process denitration

Technical field

This utility model is related to a kind of pluralities of fuel high-temperature gasification boiler of employing reducing process denitration, belongs to high-efficiency environment friendly pot Stove technical field.

Background technology

Environment-protection boiler on domestic market is mostly biomass boiler, and biomass boiler is roughly divided into two classes again.

One class is chain（Back and forth）Fire grate biomass boiler：It is by chain（Back and forth）Furnace grate extends transformation, Simply the chimney arch of boiler is changed, and plus blow secondary wind, transform fuel hopper, prevent from strile-bacing.Due to using direct combustion mode, very unrestrained Take fuel, ignition temperature is low, high cost of burning, thus without energy-conservation.

One class is biomass gasification boiler：Using biomass fuel gasifying, biomass fuel is changed into fuel gas, this Kind boiler biomass fuel gasification rate is relatively low, and biomass fuel gasifying speed does not catch up with burning velocity, harsh to demanded fuel, There are coking, knot oil.The fuel gas difficult quality guarantee generating, flame temperature will not constant high temperature, ignition temperature is difficult To control.

Because fuel combustion temperature reaches Fahrenheit 900K（482℃）When start to generate nitrogen oxides, temperature is higher, generation Nitrous oxides concentration is higher, and in nitrogen oxides more than 95% be nitric oxide, above-mentioned biomass boiler be required for be equipped with denitration Device, and denitration amount is not easily controlled, and the situation of discharge beyond standards, denitration high cost easily, the thermal efficiency is low, only adapts to life Material grainses fuel.

Utility model content

This utility model technical issues that need to address are to provide one kind to carry denitration mechanism, denitration low cost, the thermal efficiency The high high-temperature gasification boiler adapting to pluralities of fuel.

For solving the above problems, technical solution adopted in the utility model is：

A kind of pluralities of fuel high-temperature gasification boiler of employing reducing process denitration, including the boiler bottom being fixed in boiler foundation Seat, is fixed on the boiler body on boiler foundation, the upper vertical header connecting with boiler body, the furnace wall water cooling tube of the vertical header of connection Group, front wall water cooling tube group, the water-cooled grate being connected with furnace wall water cooling tube group, furnace wall front wall water cooling tube group, built by refractory material The furnace shell that builds up, front wall, partition wall, roof type partition wall, the wherein space above boiler foundation, below water-cooled grate are distribution plenum, It is gasification combustion chamber above fire grate, below roof type partition wall, fuel adding mouth, room are set below the front wall of gasification combustion chamber side The space that top formula partition wall, furnace shell, front wall, partition wall surround be reduction denitration chamber, roof type partition wall be provided with high-temperature flue gas import and Ash port, high-temperature flue gas import, sets between ash port and boiler body near boiler body side near front wall side, ash port There is ash retaining wall, be reduction fuel region between ash retaining wall and boiler body, the surface furnace shell of corresponding reduction fuel region is provided with also Crude fuel filler.

Further, at described fuel adding mouth arrange hydraulic feeder structure, this hydraulic feeder structure include fuel hopper with And hydraulic pusher, the wherein fuel adding mouth of the lower end discharging opening connection gasification combustion chamber of fuel hopper, hydraulic pusher is fixed In fuel hopper lower outside, the plate controlling fuel hopper charging is installed in the push rod front end of hydraulic pusher.

Further, described water-cooled grate is the equally distributed many pipelines being connected with cooling water, and this water-cooled grate It is sloped downwardly from fuel filler to boiler body.

Further, described distribution plenum is additionally provided with hydraulic pusher, and hydraulic pusher is located near boiler body Side, the push rod of hydraulic pusher passes through the partition wall near boiler body side for the distribution plenum to connect push pedal, and push pedal is used for removing grey platform On lime-ash.

Further, described front wall is additionally provided with reducing substances spray gun, it is indoor, separately that this spray gun one end is located at reduction denitration One end connects reducing substances blowing device.

Preferably, described spray gun arranges two, is symmetricly set in front wall top both sides, the equal court of blowing direction of two spray guns To the centre of reduction denitration chamber, that is, the injection extension line of two spray guns is intersecting.

Have the beneficial effects that using produced by technique scheme：

This utility model is located above distribution plenum by gasification combustion chamber, and air distribution Direct Uniform is distributed to above water-cooled grate Fuel, water-cooled grate adopts water-cooled, be unlikely to deform it is ensured that air distribution uniformly, the fuel combustion on water-cooled grate produces 800 After DEG C high temperature above, hydraulic feeder structure feeding, the fuel gasification, and combustion at high temperature of feeding, combustion thermal efficiency is high, after-flame Lime-ash enters ash charge platform under fuel push, by hydraulic pusher, lime-ash is pushed pit, ash temperature is low, can reduce heat after cooling Amount loss, high-temperature flue gas enter reduction denitration chamber by the high-temperature flue gas import of roof type partition wall, in reduction denitration chamber using reduction Fuel or reducing material carry out denitration, denitration low cost, are easily controlled, and are not in exceeded situation, energy-conserving and environment-protective.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is this utility model main view（Broken section）Structural representation；

Fig. 2 is that this utility model is overlooked（Broken section）Structural representation；

Fig. 3 is this utility model Figure 1A-A cross section structure diagram；

Fig. 4 is this utility model Figure 1B-B cross section structure diagram；

Fig. 5 is this utility model boiler body main view（Broken section）Structural representation；

Wherein：1st, boiler foundation, 2, boiler foundation, 3, ash port, 4, pit, 5, Hui Tai, 6, roof type partition wall, 7, blower fan Interface, 8, distribution plenum, 9, water-cooled grate, 10, high-temperature flue gas import, 11, hydraulic pusher, 12, fuel hopper, 13, front wall, 14, Upper vertical header, 15, furnace wall water cooling tube group, 16, furnace shell, 17, partition wall, 18, boiler body, 19, front wall water cooling tube group, 20, normal pressure Heat exchanger, 21, spray gun, 22, reduction fuel region, 23, ash retaining wall, 24, high-temperature flue gas entry.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings utility model is described in further detail：

As shown in figures 1-4, this utility model agent structure includes the boiler foundation 2 being fixed in boiler foundation 1, fixing Boiler body 18 on boiler foundation 1, boiler body is fixed on boiler foundation, is easy to transport and the lifting of boiler, unlikely In transport and installation process in cause the set of heat exchange tubes of boiler to damage.Vertical header 14 in the connection of boiler body 18 one end, upper vertical Header 14 connection furnace wall water cooling tube group 15, and front wall water cooling tube group 19, furnace wall water cooling tube group 15, front wall water are connected by horizontal header Cold pipe group 19 is connected with water-cooled grate 9 by the horizontal header positioned at diverse location（Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5）, make water-cooled grate 9, Front wall water cooling tube group 19, furnace wall water cooling tube group are all connected with upper vertical header 14, boiler body 18, form the peripheral passage of water.Pot The cold water that furnace body is come in is used for cooling down water-cooled grate, front wall and furnace wall, and heat is brought into boiler body, reduces heat waste Consumption, improves the thermal efficiency.

In order that each several part space of boiler is operated according to combustion heating flow process, need outside overall boiler to arrange stove Shell, and internal volume split, to form each function chamber；Furnace shell 16 of the present utility model, and be used for splitting each work( The front wall 13 of energy chamber, partition wall 17, roof type partition wall 6 etc. are formed by refractory material laying, wherein boiler foundation 2 top, water The space of black furnace row 9 lower section is distribution plenum 8, is gasification combustion chamber above fire grate, below roof type partition wall, gasification combustion chamber side Front wall below arrange fuel adding mouth, the space that roof type partition wall 6, furnace shell 16, front wall 13, partition wall 17 surround be reduction denitration Room, roof type partition wall 6 is provided with high-temperature flue gas import 10 and ash port 3, and near front wall 13 side, fall high-temperature flue gas import 10 ash Mouth 3, near boiler body 18 side, is provided with ash retaining wall 23, ash retaining wall 23 and boiler body between ash port 3 and boiler body 18 It is reduction fuel region 22 between 18, the surface furnace shell of corresponding reduction fuel region 22 is provided with reduction fuel adding mouth.

Fueling for convenience, arranges hydraulic feeder structure at described fuel adding mouth, this hydraulic feeder structure includes The lower end discharging opening of fuel hopper 12 and hydraulic pusher 11, wherein fuel hopper 12 connects the fuel adding mouth of gasification combustion chamber, Hydraulic pusher 11 is fixed on fuel hopper 12 lower outside, and the push rod front end of hydraulic pusher 11 is installed and controlled fuel hopper charging Plate.

In order to ensure fuel homogenous combustion, need uniform air distribution, the side setting fan interface 7 of distribution plenum 8, blower fan is adopted With the aerator of VFC, and multiple aerators are respectively provided with distribution plenum both sides using symmetrically arranged mode.Distribution plenum is whole Seal form is adopted on body, that is, will not leak out in surrounding and corner, the wind of aerator all sends into the gasification of top by water-cooled grate Combustor.Therefore water-cooled grate must be evenly arranged.Water-cooled grate needs to cool down water cooling, for water-cooled grate 9 this described Using the equally distributed many pipelines being connected with cooling water, and this water-cooled grate 9 is lateral to boiler body from fuel filler Lower inclination, is easy to the push of fuel.

In order that the lime-ash that water cooled fire grate pushes has a cool time, can be above pit 4, water-cooled grate One end arranges grey platform 5 near boiler body side, it is of course also possible to be not provided with this grey platform.It is necessary to there be the system pushing away ash after the grey platform of setting Make, be therefore additionally provided with hydraulic pusher in distribution plenum 8, hydraulic pusher is located at the side near boiler body, hydraulic drive The push rod of device passes through the partition wall near boiler body side for the distribution plenum to connect push pedal it is ensured that the sealing of distribution plenum, and push pedal is used for Remove the lime-ash on grey platform 5.

Although this utility model is provided with to reduce fuel region 22 and go back crude fuel by filling carries out denitration, in order to protect The stable and controllability of card reduction, is additionally provided with reducing substances spray gun 21 on front wall 13, and this spray gun 21 one end is located at reduction denitration Interior, the other end connects reducing substances blowing device.And described spray gun 21 arranges two, is symmetricly set in front wall top two Side, all towards the centre of reduction denitration chamber, that is, the injection extension line of two spray guns is intersecting for the blowing direction of two spray guns.This practicality New described crude fuel of going back is biomass fuel that is moist or adding water, and described reducing substances are carbon monoxide, activated carbon, hydrogen One of reducing substances such as gas, methane, coal gas, ammonia, carbamide.

Utility model works principle：

This utility model high-temperature gasification fractional combustion principle is：High-temperature gasification burning is will using the high temperature that vaporizer produces Fuel gas is melted into high-temperature combustible gas body, and fuel gas fully burns under the conditions of high-temperature oxygen-enriched, gasifies and burns in Microsecond grade In time, almost carry out simultaneously；Under aerobic conditions, in additional more than 800 DEG C of high temperature heat source of fuel surface, make fuel by outer Carry out fast pyrogenation gasification, and combustion to interior.The high temperature fuel that again it contacted of a part that burning produces carries out high-temperature gasification, and one Part is discharged for work done, is thusly-formed the reaction of continuous high temperature gasification, and combustion.Fractional combustion is outside gasification combustion chamber's crater High-temperature region setting reduction room, the reducing gas being produced at high temperature using biomass, the nitrogen oxides in flue gas are reduced into The technology of nitrogen.

Fuel combustion temperature reaches Fahrenheit 900K（482℃）When start to generate nitrogen oxides, temperature is higher, the nitrogen oxygen of generation Compound concentration is higher.In nitrogen oxides, more than 95% is nitric oxide, and nitric oxide, in the case of not having catalyst, is most preferably gone back Between former temperature is 950～1100 DEG C, the reducing substances that can react have carbon monoxide, activated carbon, hydrogen, methane, coal Gas, ammonia, carbamide etc..Fuel-staged combustion technology is at high temperature nitric oxide reduction to be become innocuous gas with reducibility gas Nitrogen.

This utility model does not reduce the temperature of gasification combustion chamber, setting reduction denitration chamber, gas above gasification combustion chamber The high-temperature flue gas changing combustor enter reduction denitration chamber through high-temperature flue gas import, and denitration raw material adopts the biomass such as Linesless charcoal and timber Or the reducing substances such as ammonia, carbamide.Water spray (allow its burn incompletely), the reducibility gas of generation on the reducing agents such as Linesless charcoal React with NO at high temperature and be reduced into innocuous gas.The reducing substances such as ammonia, carbamide are reacted with NO at high temperature to be gone back Former one-tenth innocuous gas.

C+H₂O=CO+H₂（550 DEG C of high temperature）

2CO+2NO=2CO₂+N₂（High temperature）

C+2NO =CO₂+N₂（High temperature）

2H₂+2NO=N₂+2H₂O（High temperature）

6NO+4NH₃=5N₂+6H₂O（High temperature）

4CO(NH₂)₂+6NO₂=4CO₂+7N₂+8H₂O, 2CO (NH₂)₂+6NO=2CO₂+5N₂+4H₂O（High temperature）

When this utility model opens stove, using external heat source（As timber, newspaper etc.）By gasification combustion chamber's discharging opening（On pit Portion's water-cooled grate）Part of fuel is lighted, and after to be heated to 800 DEG C temperature higher above, recycles feed mechanism by material slowly Send into combustor, the fuel Quick-gasifying burning at high temperature on such surface, chamber temperature is higher, and the temperature of combustor can root According to needing to adjust, the high temperature part that burning produces is used for maintaining the high temperature of combustor to ensure high temperature pyrolysis and gasification combustion reaction Be carried out continuously, another part delivers to heat exchanger work done through crater.The lime-ash burning enters bottom under the promotion of material Grey platform or be directly entered pit, then removes to outside.

High-temperature flue gas through reduction are entered in boiler body 18 by high-temperature flue gas entry 24 and carry out heat exchange, subsequently into routine Heat exchanger 20 carries out further heat exchange, finally discharges.Whole smoke path is sigmoid curve（Referring to Fig. 2）, be conducive to fully changing Heat.

This utility model has advantages below：

1st, this utility model can directly coal-fired, molding biomass and non-forming biomass, such as：Plastics, granule, wooden unit, Sawdust, cabo, xylose residue, bark, rice husk, cotton stalk, corn stalk, wood fragments block, wooden bran, cabo, furfural dregs, xylose residue, production Obsolete fungus stick of agaric etc..

2nd, while this utility model is converted into combustion gas biomass fuel, carry out high-temp combustion, combustion thermal efficiency is high, than Other type boilers mean heights more than 20%；When actual measurement this utility model fires 3500 kilocalorie brown coal and low heat value biomass briquetting, put down All thermal efficiency is not less than 75%, and when the calorific value of coal is high, the thermal efficiency increases, and when calorific value is low, the thermal efficiency accordingly reduces.Burn 4000 kilocalories Biomass fuel when, actual measurement evenly heat efficiency be higher than 80%.

3rd, this utility model adopts closed gasification combustion chamber and sealed distribution plenum, and air distribution is uniform, using intelligent frequency-conversion Drum air inducing, load range of exerting oneself is wide, can adjust as needed, and adjusting range can be between 40～110%, during load adjustment, heat Efficiency is basically unchanged.

4th, this utility model floor space is little, and system is easy, and beneficial to maintenance, main frame feed section adopts hydraulic direct pushing system, Combustion parts adopt water-cooled grate, and maintenance rate is very low.

5th, fully, smokelessly, dust content is low, carries denitrification apparatus, and oxynitride discharge amount is little for this utility model burning, Discharge is better than national standard, need not additionally mounted denitration device, denitration cost is extremely low.

6th, this utility model structure is simple, low cost of manufacture, and fault rate is almost nil.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of pluralities of fuel high-temperature gasification boiler of employing reducing process denitration, including being fixed on boiler foundation（1）On boiler Base（2）, it is fixed on boiler foundation（2）On boiler body（18）, with boiler body（18）The upper vertical header of connection（14）, even Logical vertical header（14）Furnace wall water cooling tube group（15）, front wall water cooling tube group（19）, with furnace wall water cooling tube group（15）, front wall water-cooled Pipe group（19）The water-cooled grate being connected（9）, the furnace shell that become by refractory material laying（16）, front wall（13）, partition wall（17）, roof Formula partition wall（6）It is characterised in that：Boiler foundation（2）Top, water-cooled grate（9）The space of lower section is distribution plenum（8）, water-cooled stove Row（9）Top, roof type partition wall（6）Lower section is gasification combustion chamber, arranges fuel adding below the front wall of gasification combustion chamber side Mouthful, roof type partition wall（6）, furnace shell（16）, front wall（13）, partition wall（17）The space surrounding is reduction denitration chamber, roof type partition wall （6）It is provided with high-temperature flue gas import（10）And ash port（3）, high-temperature flue gas import（10）Near front wall（13）Side, ash port （3）Near boiler body（18）Side, ash port（3）And boiler body（18）Between be provided with ash retaining wall（23）, ash retaining wall（23） And boiler body（18）Between be reduction fuel region（22）, corresponding reduction fuel region（22）Surface furnace shell be provided with reduction combustion Material filler.

2. the pluralities of fuel high-temperature gasification boiler of employing reducing process denitration according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described Hydraulic feeder structure is set at fuel adding mouth, and this hydraulic feeder structure includes fuel hopper（12）And hydraulic pusher（11）, Wherein fuel hopper（12）Lower end discharging opening connect the fuel adding mouth of gasification combustion chamber, hydraulic pusher（11）It is fixed on fuel Bucket（12）Lower outside, hydraulic pusher（11）Push rod front end install control fuel hopper charging plate.

3. the pluralities of fuel high-temperature gasification boiler of employing reducing process denitration according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described Water-cooled grate（9）For the equally distributed many pipelines being connected with cooling water, and this water-cooled grate（9）From fuel filler to pot Furnace body is sloped downwardly.

4. the pluralities of fuel high-temperature gasification boiler of employing reducing process denitration according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described Distribution plenum（8）It is additionally provided with hydraulic pusher, hydraulic pusher is located at the side near boiler body, the push rod of hydraulic pusher Connect push pedal through the partition wall near boiler body side for the distribution plenum, push pedal is used for removing grey platform（5）On lime-ash.

5. the pluralities of fuel high-temperature gasification boiler of the employing reducing process denitration according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, its feature It is described front wall（13）On be additionally provided with reducing substances spray gun（21）, this spray gun（21）One end is located at reduction denitration interior, another End connects reducing substances blowing device.

6. the pluralities of fuel high-temperature gasification boiler of employing reducing process denitration according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that described Spray gun（21）Setting two, is symmetricly set in front wall top both sides, the blowing direction of two spray guns is all towards reduction denitration chamber Centre, that is, the injection extension line of two spray guns is intersecting.