CN205930330U - High temperature superconductive magnetic suspension system and maglev train - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-temperature superconducting maglev system and a maglev train. The high-temperature superconducting maglev system comprises: a maglev mechanism, which includes a track made of permanent magnets and ferromagnetic materials, and a low-temperature container arranged above the track And a superconducting block layer formed by laying a plurality of superconducting blocks along the width direction of the track in the cryogenic container, wherein the inner side of the cryogenic container corresponding to the dominant area of the horizontal magnetic field in the middle of the track stands The c-axis is the two superconducting blocks in the horizontal direction to divide the superconducting block layer into left and right sections; a buffer mechanism is arranged between the vehicle frame and the cryogenic container to slow down the vertical movement of the vehicle frame movement in a straight direction. The utility model stands two superconducting blocks sideways and makes the c-axis direction parallel to the magnetic field direction of the track below. On the one hand, the utilization rate of the magnetic field at this place is improved, and the levitation force can be effectively improved; on the other hand, it is fully The magnetic field energy on both sides of the track is used.

Description

High temperature superconducting maglev system and maglev train

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of high-temperature superconducting maglev, in particular to a high-temperature superconducting maglev system and a maglev train equipped with the high-temperature superconducting maglev system.

Background technique

High-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology, due to the unique magnetic flux pinning characteristics of high-temperature superconductors, has the advantage of self-sustaining and stable suspension, and has shown good application prospects in frictionless bearings, flywheel energy storage, rail transportation and other fields. Among them, the birth of the world's first manned high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation test vehicle in my country in 2000 demonstrated the great attraction of high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology in future new (high-speed, environmentally friendly, comfortable, etc.) rail vehicles, which aroused the international community's attention. extensive attention. At present, Germany, Russia, Brazil, Japan and other countries have all developed high-temperature superconducting maglev vehicle prototypes, and all countries are working hard to promote the practical process of high-temperature superconducting maglev vehicles. How to further improve the carrying capacity and stability of the existing high-temperature superconducting maglev vehicle system has become one of the technical priorities.

The superconducting block is one of the core parts of the high-temperature superconducting maglev system, and is usually fixed in a cryogenic container. At present, the superconducting bulk of three-seed YBa2Cu3O7-x with three uniformly distributed seed axes (c-axis) has better performance than single-seed bulk, so it is widely used in high-temperature superconducting maglev systems. The study found that the conductivity of the a-b plane inside the crystal of the high-temperature superconductor material YBa2Cu3O7-x is significantly higher than that of the c-axis direction perpendicular to the a-b plane, and the critical current density of the former is about three times that of the latter. But at present, it is very good to use this characteristic to improve the high-temperature superconducting maglev system, or the high-temperature superconducting maglev system does not obtain better results after using this characteristic.

Utility model content

Aiming at the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a high-temperature superconducting maglev system and a maglev train equipped with the high-temperature superconducting maglev system. The high-temperature superconducting maglev system can greatly improve the magnetic levitation performance, and has good shock absorbing performance.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:

A high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation system, comprising: a magnetic levitation mechanism, which includes a track made of permanent magnets and ferromagnetic substances, a cryogenic container arranged above the track, and a plurality of superconducting blocks arranged in the cryogenic container The superconducting block layer formed by tiling along the width direction of the track, wherein the vertical c-axis inside the cryogenic container corresponding to the dominant area of the horizontal magnetic field in the middle of the track is the two superconducting blocks in the horizontal direction. The superconducting block layer is divided into left and right sections; a buffer mechanism is arranged between the vehicle frame and the cryogenic container to slow down the movement of the vehicle frame in the vertical direction.

Preferably, the left superconducting layer and the right superconducting layer have at least one superconducting block whose c-axis is perpendicular to the magnetic field of the track.

Preferably, the buffer mechanism includes a cylinder fixed on the upper part of the cryogenic container, a piston disposed in a chamber of the cylinder and dividing the chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and a fixed upper end On the frame, the lower end extends into the piston rod connected to the cylinder and the piston; wherein: the piston is equipped with an inlet and an outlet corresponding to the lower chamber and the upper chamber respectively. The first one-way valve and the inlet and outlet respectively correspond to the second one-way valve communicating with the upper chamber and the lower chamber.

Preferably, the upper chamber and the lower chamber are respectively provided with an upper damping spring and a lower damping spring.

The utility model also discloses a maglev train, which includes a vehicle frame and the above-mentioned high-temperature superconducting maglev system arranged between the vehicle frame and the track.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the high-temperature superconducting maglev system and the maglev train of the utility model are: the utility model sets two superconducting blocks sideways and makes the c-axis direction parallel to the magnetic field direction of the track below, On the one hand, the utilization rate of the magnetic field at this place is improved, and the levitation force can be effectively improved; on the other hand, the introduction of two superconducting blocks increases the width of the superconducting block layer, which can just cover the track completely and make full use of both sides of the track. side magnetic field energy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the high temperature superconducting maglev system of the present utility model;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the orbital magnetic field;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG. 1 .

In the picture:

10-track; 20-cryogenic container; 30-superconducting block layer; 31-superconducting block; 40-buffer mechanism; 41-cylinder; 42-piston; 43-piston rod; The first one-way valve; 46-the second one-way valve; 47-the upper damping spring; 50-the vehicle frame.

detailed description

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the utility model, the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the preferred embodiment of the present invention discloses a high-temperature superconducting maglev system, which can be applied to rail 10 transportation vehicles but is not limited thereto. The high temperature superconducting maglev system includes a magnetic levitation mechanism and a buffer mechanism 40, the magnetic levitation mechanism is used to provide suspension force and guiding force for the vehicle so that the vehicle can run under a certain load condition, and the buffer mechanism 40 is used to slow down the vertical movement of the vehicle. Movement to cushion the vibrations that occur when the vehicle is in motion. Among them, the magnetic levitation mechanism specifically includes a track 10 made of permanent magnets and ferromagnetic materials, a cryogenic container 20 and a plurality of superconducting blocks 31, the cryogenic container 20 is arranged directly above the track 10, and a plurality of superconducting blocks 31 are placed in the cryogenic container 20 and arranged along the width direction of the track 10 to form a superconducting block layer 30, the key of the utility model is: the position in the cryogenic container 20 corresponding to the dominant area of the horizontal magnetic field in the middle of the track 10 is sideways two c-axis is a superconducting block 31 in the horizontal direction. The utility model stands two superconducting blocks 31 sideways and makes the c-axis direction parallel to the magnetic field direction of the track below. On the one hand, as shown in FIG. On the other hand, introducing two superconducting block 31 makes the width of superconducting block layer 30 increase, just can cover track 10 completely (the width of track in the prior art is greater than the width of superconducting block layer, track both sides The magnetic field back is wasted), and the magnetic field energy on both sides of the track 10 has been fully utilized. In order to improve the guiding force of the vehicle, the left section superconducting layer and the right section superconducting layer on both sides of the two superconducting blocks 31 standing sideways have at least one superconducting block 31 whose c-axis is perpendicular to the magnetic field of the track 10 . In this way, the guiding force of the vehicle can be increased, thereby improving the guiding performance.

For the situation that the high-temperature superconducting maglev system is applied to the vehicle, although the magnetic force between the rail 10 and the superconducting block 31 can provide a partial buffering effect for the vibration of the vehicle, if the vibration of the vehicle is to be reduced to the greatest extent, it needs to The buffer mechanism 40 is installed separately, which is also the reason why the utility model introduces the buffer system into the high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation system.

The structure or composition of the buffer mechanism 40 with a shock-absorbing effect can be various, such as a shock-absorbing spring, that is, a shock-absorbing spring is arranged between the cryogenic container 20 and the vehicle frame 50, and the shock-absorbing spring is elastically deformed when subjected to mechanical force. It acts as a shock absorber for the vehicle. However, there are at least two defects in the shock absorbing spring: the one, the shock absorbing spring can play a significant cushioning effect because of obviously preventing the vertical downward movement of the vehicle during the shock process, while for the vertical upward movement of the vehicle in the shock process When the shock absorbing spring is not strong enough to prevent the vertical upward movement of the vehicle (the shock absorbing spring has a good compression effect, but the tension effect is poor), the cushioning effect is not strong; It is prone to failure due to elastic deformation, or even fatigue damage, which leads to weakening or even failure of the cushioning effect.

In order to improve the shock absorption performance of the vehicle, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a buffer mechanism 40 with excellent shock absorption effect, as shown in Figure 3 and in conjunction with Figure 1, specifically, the buffer mechanism 40 includes 20 The upper cylinder 41, the piston 42 that is arranged in the chamber of the cylinder 41 and divides the chamber into an upper chamber (a hydraulic medium is provided in the upper chamber) and a lower chamber (a hydraulic medium is provided in the lower chamber) And the upper end is fixed on the vehicle frame 50, and the lower end stretches into the piston rod 43 connected to the cylinder body 41 and the piston 42. An upper damping spring 47 and a lower damping spring 44 are respectively arranged in the upper chamber and the lower chamber. Wherein: the piston 42 is equipped with an inlet and an outlet respectively corresponding to the first one-way valve 45 communicated with the upper chamber and the lower chamber, and the inlet and outlet respectively corresponding to the second one-way valve 46 communicated with the lower chamber and the upper chamber , and the conduction pressure condition of the second one-way valve 46 is set to be when the piston rod 43 and the piston 42 bear the weight of the entire vehicle, the second one-way valve 46 is still in a closed state, and when the bearing force is greater than the weight of the vehicle At a certain value, the second one-way valve 46 conducts, and the conduction condition of the first one-way valve 45 can be set to any pressure value.

The reason why the above-mentioned buffer mechanism 40 can play a shock-absorbing effect is that: when the vehicle does not vibrate in the vertical direction, the hydraulic medium in the lower chamber has a certain pressure due to bearing the gravity of the entire vehicle, and the second unit on the piston 42 The one-way valve 46 is closed because the conduction condition is not reached, and the first one-way valve 45 has a check function, so that the hydraulic medium in the lower chamber cannot pass through the first one-way valve 45 and the second one-way valve 46 to enter the upper chamber. chamber, so that the piston rod 43 remains stationary in the vertical direction, and the vehicle runs smoothly in the horizontal direction. When for some reason (as the track 10 is laid unevenly) the running part (such as the cryogenic container 20 and the superconducting block 31) under the cylinder body 41 vibrated in the vertical direction, when the running part moved vertically upwards suddenly, The hydraulic medium in the lower chamber is extruded by the piston 42 and the pressure increases. When the pressure rises to the conduction condition of the second check valve 46, the second check valve 46 conducts, and the hydraulic medium in the lower chamber passes through. The second one-way valve 46 enters the upper chamber, and the cylinder body 41 moves upwards with the walking part. The walking part and the cylinder body 41 will not drive the piston 42, the piston rod 43 and the vehicle to move upward or the piston 42, the piston rod 43 and the vehicle to move slowly. upward movement, so as to achieve the purpose of buffering. When the walking part suddenly moves vertically downward, the hydraulic medium in the upper chamber is squeezed by the piston 42 and the pressure rises. When the pressure rises to the first one-way valve 45 When the conduction condition, the first one-way valve 45 conducts, the hydraulic medium in the upper chamber enters the lower chamber through the first one-way valve 45, the cylinder body 41 moves downward with the walking part, and the walking part and the cylinder body 41 will not Drive the piston 42, the piston rod 43 and the vehicle to move downward or the piston 42, the piston rod 43 and the vehicle to move downward slowly, so as to achieve the purpose of buffering.

The buffer mechanism 40 utilizes the hydraulic medium to flow between the upper chamber and the lower chamber under the control of the first one-way valve 45 and the second one-way valve 46, so that the cylinder body 41 and the piston rod 43 form a relative movement, and then Realize the buffering of the vehicle. Compared with the shock absorbing method of the shock absorbing spring, this hydraulic shock absorbing method has the characteristics of soft cushioning. More importantly, there is no defect of elastic failure, and it can overcome the impact of the shock absorbing spring on vertical upward movement The defect of poor vehicle cushioning effect.

The conduction condition of the above-mentioned second check valve 46 can be interpreted as: when the vehicle is running smoothly, the second check valve 46 must remain disconnected, only in this way can the hydraulic medium in the lower chamber support the vehicle, and when When the walking part moves upwards suddenly, the piston 42 squeezes the lower chamber. At this time, the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the lower chamber is higher than the pressure when the vehicle is running smoothly. The conduction condition of the second check valve 46 is set at an elevated A certain pressure value will make the walking part move upward to a certain extent, and the second one-way valve 46 will be conducted.

It can be seen from the above explanation that the closer the conduction condition set by the second one-way valve 46 is to the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the lower chamber when the vehicle is running smoothly, the better the buffering effect of the buffering mechanism 40 will be.

In order to further improve the damping effect of the buffer mechanism 40, in a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, an upper shock absorbing spring 47 and a lower shock absorbing spring 44 are respectively arranged in the upper chamber and the lower chamber, so that the buffer mechanism 40 utilizes Two shock absorption methods, hydraulic and mechanical, greatly improve the shock absorption effect of the vehicle.

In addition, the utility model also discloses a maglev train, which includes a vehicle frame 50 and the above-mentioned high-temperature superconducting maglev system arranged between the vehicle frame 50 and the track 10 .

The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model, and the protection scope of the utility model is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent replacements to the utility model within the spirit and protection scope of the utility model, and such modifications or equivalent replacements should also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system is it is characterised in that include：

Magnetic suspension mechanism, track that it includes being made up of permanent magnet and ferromagnetic material, is arranged on low temperature above described track Container and be arranged on the superconducting block layer formed along the tiling of described track width direction in described low-temperature (low temperature) vessel by multiple superconducting blocks, Wherein, in described low-temperature (low temperature) vessel corresponding with the leading region of the horizontal magnetic field in the middle part of described track, edge-on c-axis are horizontal direction Two pieces of described superconducting blocks with by described superconducting block layer be divided into left and right two sections；

Buffer gear, it is arranged between vehicle frame and described low-temperature (low temperature) vessel to slow down the motion in vertical direction for the described vehicle frame.

2. high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that left section of superconducting layer and right section of superconducting layer extremely There is the superconducting block in the magnetic field perpendicular to described track for one piece of c-axis less.

3. high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described buffer gear includes being fixed on institute Upper chamber and lower chambers is become respectively in the cylinder body of stating the top of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, the chamber being arranged on described cylinder body and by described chamber Piston and upper end be fixed on described vehicle frame, lower end stretches into the piston rod that described cylinder body is connected with described piston；Wherein：

Be equiped with described piston entrance and exit respectively correspondence connect with described lower chambers and described upper chamber first unidirectional Valve and entrance and exit the second check valve that correspondence is connected with described upper chamber and described lower chambers respectively.

4. high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system as claimed in claim 3 is it is characterised in that described upper chamber and described lower chambers are divided It is not provided with damping spring and lower damping spring.

5. a kind of magnetic suspension train, including vehicle frame it is characterised in that also include being arranged between described vehicle frame and track as power Profit requires high temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system described in 1 to 4 any one.